CN106928474B - 一种dra单体悬浮液的复配方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
DRA单体是石油减阻剂生产过程中的一种中间体。本发明公开了一种DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:步骤1:将DRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与包裹剂混合后进行粉碎,DRA单体粉碎至其粒度为80目;步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与包裹剂和均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。其能够有效减少DRA单体悬浮液中团聚现象的发生,从而保证产品具有良好的流动性和减阻效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及DRA单体后处理技术领域,更具体的说,它涉及一种DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法。
背景技术
用于降低流体流动阻力的化学剂称为减阻剂(drag reducing agent),简称DRA,通常将减阻剂生产过程的中间体成为DRA单体。减阻剂广泛应用于原油、成品油管道输送,微量加入湍流态流动的油品中可使湍流转化为层流,大大降低管路系统的摩擦阻力,从而扩大输油管道流量和降低输送泵能耗,提高输油管道运行的安全系数。较为常见的减阻剂中间体(DRA单体)是分子量在300-3000万的长碳链α-烯烃合成橡胶(C6-C18)、苯乙烯或乙烯基硅氧烷的聚合物。
通常是先将α-烯烃在齐格勒-纳塔(Ziegler-Natta)催化剂作用下聚合制得DRA单体。该类DRA单体常温下为弹性体,具有较高的黏着力,而DRA单体往往需要具有良好的细度而便于快速溶于原油、成品油中以达到较佳的减阻效果,因此需要对DRA单体进行后处理得到具有良好细度并且分散均匀的悬浮液。目前比较普遍的悬浮液制备方法为,使用液氮将DRA单体冷却到玻璃化温度条件下在进行粉碎,粉碎后加入分散成分(分散剂、抗粘剂等)制成DRA单体的悬浮液。现有的DRA单体悬浮液中常常存在聚合物密度分布不均而发生团聚情况,而这些团聚的DRA单体严重影响了悬浮液的流动性,从而影响注入性能和减阻效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,其能够有效减少DRA单体悬浮液中团聚现象的发生,从而保证产品具有良好的流动性和减阻效果。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将DRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与包裹剂混合后进行粉碎,DRA单体粉碎至其粒度为80目;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与包裹剂和均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。
分别步骤2的粉碎前、步骤3的粉碎后以及步骤4的均质时,三次加入包裹剂,使包裹剂可以一层层均匀的包裹在DRA单体外而不容易脱落,从而有效减少DRA单体悬浮液中团聚现象的发生;同时使整个制得的悬浮液体系形成一种触变性,使得产品在有更好的抗分层效果的同时还具有良好的流动性;并且将DRA单体粉碎至其粒度为80目,一方面有利于减阻剂发挥减阻效果,另一方面增加DRA单体的表面积,从而与包裹剂更好的接触、粘连,有利于包裹剂的包覆、增加DRA单体的密度,使制得的DRA单体悬浮液中DRA单体具有较高密度的同时,不易发生团聚且具有良好的流动性和减阻效果。
进一步的,所述步骤2包括:
S1、将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目;
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目;
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目。
对聚合物减阻剂进行逐级粉碎,有利于使DRA单体具有较为均匀的粒径、颗粒度,减小粉碎过程结束后得到的DRA单体颗粒的粒径差,进一步使聚合物颗粒不容易发生团聚。
进一步的,所述步骤2中,粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮。
通过喷洒液氮对粉碎过程中DRA单体进行降温,使其在粉碎过程中不容易因温度升高而发生粘连、团聚,保证粉碎过程的高效进行。
进一步的,所述包裹剂包括聚丙烯蜡粉、聚乙烯蜡粉中的至少一种。
聚丙烯蜡粉与聚乙烯蜡粉具有优异的抗粘性能和较高的硬度,其一方面不容易在粉碎过程中变形,另一方面能够对DRA单体表面产生摩擦有利于其均匀包覆在DRA单体外,进一步减少DRA单体团聚的情况发生。
进一步的,所述均质剂包括辛醇、丁醇、乙二醇中的至少一种。
其中,辛醇为无色的油状液体,并且与丁醇和乙二醇相溶形成醇基体系,便于使包覆有包裹剂的DRA单体均匀分散,而不容易发生团聚现象。
作为优选,所述DRA单体、所述包裹剂、所述均质剂的重量比为1:0.6:0.3。
通过采用上述技术方案,包裹剂包裹在DRA单体粉末外并与DRA单体粉末悬浮分散在均质剂中,通过调配到上述适当的各组分的添加比例,进一步使DRA单体悬浮液不容易发生分层、团聚等情况,从而保证减阻剂悬浮液具有良好的流动性和减阻效果。
作为优选,所述步骤2、所述步骤3以及所述步骤4中包裹剂的重量比为4:6:5。
通过采用上述技术方案,通过调配各个步骤中包裹剂的添加量,使DRA单体能够被包裹剂更加均匀的包覆而不容易被脱离,且制成的悬浮液中存有适量的包裹剂以避免DRA单体表面包覆的包裹剂脱落时发生团聚,同时保证悬浮液具有良好的流动性。
本发明的优点是:
1、具有良好的抗分层效果的同时还具有良好的流动性;
2、DRA单体与包裹剂粘连稳定,不容易脱落;
3、制成的悬浮液整体粘度低,不容易发生DRA单体粉末团聚的情况,保证DRA单体悬浮液具有良好的流动性和减阻效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明中的复配方法流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明。应该理解的是,本发明实施例所述制备方法仅仅是用于说明本发明,而不是对本发明的限制,在本发明的构思前提下对本发明制备方法的简单改进都属于本发明要求保护的范围。
本发明实施例中所涉及的所有物质均为市售。
本实施例中所述用的DRA单体(减阻剂的中间体)为1-癸烯与1-己烯和1-辛烯的聚合物合成橡胶。
测试例:按照中国石油天然气管道科技研究中心编制的行业标准测定DRA单体悬浮液的减阻率,标准号:SY/T6578-2003。测试条件:温度20℃,流速57L/min。当管路流动稳定时,分别从压差计读取空白压降和加入减阻剂后的压降,减阻率计算公式如下:
ΔP为未添加减阻剂的压力降,ΔPd为添加减阻剂后的压力降。
实施例1:
DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将1000gDRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与160g聚丙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂混合后:
S1、先将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目,
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目,
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目,
并且粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮进行冷却降温,避免DRA单体发生粘连;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入240g聚丙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与200g聚丙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,70g辛醇、15g丁醇以及15g乙二醇混合后作为均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。
根据测试例测得本实施例中制得的DRA单体悬浮液的减阻率为59.2%。
实施例2:
DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将1000gDRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与160g聚乙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂混合后:
S1、先将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目,
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目,
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目,
并且粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮进行冷却降温,避免DRA单体发生粘连;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入240g聚乙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与200g聚乙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,70g辛醇、15g丁醇以及15g乙二醇混合后作为均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。
根据测试例测得本实施例中制得的DRA单体悬浮液的减阻率为59.3%。
实施例3:
DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将1000gDRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与160g聚丙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂混合后:
S1、先将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目,
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目,
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目,
并且粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮进行冷却降温,避免DRA单体发生粘连;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入240g聚丙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与200g聚乙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,70g辛醇、15g丁醇以及15g乙二醇混合后作为均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。
根据测试例测得本实施例中制得的DRA单体悬浮液的减阻率为59.0%。
实施例4:
DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将1000gDRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与作为包裹剂的80g聚丙烯蜡粉和80g聚乙烯蜡粉混合物混合后:
S1、先将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目,
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目,
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目,
并且粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮进行冷却降温,避免DRA单体发生粘连;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入作为包裹剂的120g聚丙烯蜡粉和120g聚乙烯蜡粉混合物,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与200g聚乙烯蜡粉作为包裹剂,70g辛醇、15g丁醇以及15g乙二醇混合后作为均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液。
根据测试例测得本实施例中制得的DRA单体悬浮液的减阻率为59.7%。
经测试,实施例1-4制得的DRA单体悬浮液均具有以下特性;
1、具有较高的闪点,闪点为74℃;
2、DRA单体悬浮液在夏季敞口裸露在空气中3个月后,流动性无明显下降,仍具有良好的流动性;
3、DRA单体悬浮液在零下45℃的环境下,流动性无明显下降,仍具有良好的流动性;
4、不具有强烈的刺激性气味;
具有较低的粘度,粘度为50mPa.S。
Claims (4)
1.一种DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将DRA单体浸泡在液氮中,使其达到冷却到玻璃化温度以下;
步骤2:冷却到玻璃化温度以下的DRA单体与包裹剂混合后进行粉碎,DRA单体粉碎至其粒度为80目;
步骤3:经粉碎的DRA单体中再次加入包裹剂,并放入容器中在室温下进行搅拌;
步骤4:步骤3中得到的混合物回温至室温后,将其与包裹剂和均质剂加入到均质机中进行均质,形成稳定的DRA单体悬浮液;
所述步骤2包括:
S1、将DRA单体进行初步粉碎至其粒度20目;
S2、对粒度为20目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为40目;
S3、对粒度为40目的DRA单体颗粒进行一级破碎,至其粒度为80目;
所述均质剂为辛醇、丁醇和乙二醇的混合物;
所述包裹剂包括聚丙烯蜡粉、聚乙烯蜡粉中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2中,粉碎过程中向DRA单体喷洒液氮。
3.根据权利要求1所述的DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,其特征在于:所述DRA单体、所述包裹剂、所述均质剂的重量比为1∶0.6∶0.3。
4.根据权利要求3所述的DRA单体悬浮液的复配方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2、所述步骤3以及所述步骤4中包裹剂的重量比为4∶6∶5。
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