CN106924505A - 一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法,该降血糖组合物包括1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油。与现有技术相比,本发明降血糖组合物中的茴香油可抑制醛糖还原酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶,洋葱油的活性成分为磺脲丁酸以及含硫的具有挥发性的物质,含硫的具有挥发性的物质包括蒜氨酸、烯丙基丙基二硫化物、S-烯丙基半胧氨酸亚砜(SACS)等通过氧化还原平衡防止胰岛素被破坏,茴香油与洋葱油协同作用,从而促进降血糖的作用;并且,茴香油与洋葱油可药食两用,无副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
糖尿病是一种常见的慢性代谢类疾病,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,糖尿病患者日益增多,我国目前已有超过9200万的糖尿病患,另外还有1亿5000人为潜在患者。作为一种多病因的综合性疾病,糖尿病难以治愈,患者需要长期服药,且糖尿病的并发症常导致严重后果。糖尿病临床上以高血糖为主要特点,典型病例可出现多尿、多饮、多食、消瘦等表现,即“三多一少”症状。而糖尿病的并发症除了急性症状如酮中毒、低血糖昏迷等之外,慢性并发症主要有血管病变和神经病变等。血管病变主要包括足病、眼病、心脏病和肾病等,研究发现血管病变主要是对应器官的血管粥样硬化病变。而导致粥样硬化的直接原因是血脂过多。
目前糖尿病患者根据不同的糖尿病类型,常用的治疗方法包括注射胰岛素和口服降糖药,降糖药主要包括双胍类和磺酰脲类等。这些药物长期服用容易产生耐药性,随时间延长,疗效越来越不明显且服用时禁忌多,毒副作用大。如双胍类药物已经被证实会引发乳酸性酸中毒,尤其对肾功能不全的糖尿病患者,死亡率可达50%;而磺酰脲类药物经常导致病人发生低血糖反应等。
传统中药由于副作用较低引起医学界的广泛关注,但传统中药的配制、设计的药物种类繁多,难以控制产品质量。因此,现有的比较常用的降糖药物还是以西药为主,如罗格列酮,可以达到较好的降糖效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种副作用较小的降血糖组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供了一种降血糖组合物,包括:1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油。
优选的,所述茴香油为茴香经水蒸气蒸馏得到;所述洋葱油为洋葱经水蒸气蒸馏得到。
优选的,包括1~40重量份的茴香油与1~40重量份的洋葱油。
优选的,包括1~20重量份的茴香油与1~20重量份的洋葱油。
优选的,包括1~10重量份的茴香油与1~10重量份的洋葱油。
本发明还提供了一种降血糖组合物的制备方法,包括:
A)将茴香粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到茴香油;
将洋葱粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到洋葱油;
B)将1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
优选的,所述步骤A)具体为:
将茴香粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到茴香油;
将洋葱粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到洋葱油。
优选的,所述茴香粉碎后加入浸泡10~30h;所述洋葱粉碎后加水浸泡10~30h。
本发明还提供了一种降血糖组合物在制备降血糖药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种降血糖组合物在制备具有预防高血糖功能的保健食品中的应用。
本发明提供了一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法,该降血糖组合物包括1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油。与现有技术相比,本发明降血糖组合物中的茴香油可抑制醛糖还原酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶,洋葱油的活性成分为磺脲丁酸以及含硫的具有挥发性的物质,蒜氨酸、烯丙基丙基二硫化物、S-烯丙基半胧氨酸亚砜(SACS)等通过氧化还原平衡防止胰岛素被破坏,,茴香油与洋葱油协同作用,从而促进降血糖的作用;并且,茴香油与洋葱油可药食两用,无副作用。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供了一种降血糖组合物,包括:1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油。
其中,本发明对所有原料的来源并没有特殊的限制,为市售或自制均可;所述茴香油优选为茴香经水蒸气蒸馏得到;所述茴香油优选为小茴香油;所述洋葱油优选为洋葱经水蒸气蒸馏得到。
本发明降血糖组合物中所述茴香油的含量优选为1~60重量份,更优选为1~40重量份,再优选为1~20重量份,最优选为1~10重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述茴香油为10重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述茴香油为5重量份;在本发明的另一些实施例中,所述茴香油为1重量份。茴香,性温味辛,散寒止痛,理气和中,有利胆、抗溃疡、杀菌的作用,还可以通过抑制醛糖还原酶与α-葡萄糖苷酶预防和治疗糖尿病。
所述洋葱油的含量优选为1~60重量份,更优选为1~40重量份,再优选为1~20重量份,最优选为1~10重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述洋葱油为1重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述洋葱油为3重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述洋葱油为5重量份;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述洋葱油为10重量份;在本发明的另一些实施例中,所述洋葱油为20重量份。洋葱,性温,味辛甘,有祛痰、利尿、健胃润肠、解毒等功能,洋葱油的活性成分为磺脲丁酸以及含硫的具有挥发性的物质,蒜氨酸、烯丙基丙基二硫化物、S-烯丙基半胧氨酸亚砜(SACS)等,通过氧化还原平衡防止胰岛素被破坏,,具有降血糖的作用。
在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括10重量份的茴香油与1重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括5重量份的茴香油与1重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括1重量份的茴香油与1重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括1重量份的茴香油与3重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括1重量份的茴香油与5重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括1重量份的茴香油与10重量份的洋葱油;在本发明的一些实施例中,所述降血糖组合物包括1重量份的茴香油与20重量份的洋葱油。
本发明降血糖组合物中的茴香油可抑制醛糖还原酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶,洋葱油的活性成分为磺脲丁酸以及含硫的具有挥发性的物质,蒜氨酸、烯丙基丙基二硫化物、S-烯丙基半胧氨酸亚砜(SACS)等,通过氧化还原平衡防止胰岛素被破坏,,茴香油与洋葱油各油脂成分协同作用,从而达到更好的降血糖的作用;并且,茴香油与洋葱油可药食两用,无副作用。
本发明还提供了一种上述降血糖组合物的制备方法,包括:A)将茴香粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到茴香油;将洋葱粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到洋葱油;B)将1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
其中,所述水蒸气蒸馏为本领域技术人员熟知的方法即可,并无特殊的限制,本发明优选按照以下步骤进行:将茴香粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到茴香油;其中,所述茴香与水的比例优选为1g:(1~10)ml,更优选为1g:(3~7)ml,再优选为1g:(4~6)ml;所述浸泡的时间优选为10~30h,更优选为15~30h,再优选为20~30h,最优选为22~26h;加热蒸馏至馏出水分不含油滴为止。
将洋葱粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到洋葱油;其中,所述洋葱与水的比例优选为1g:(1~10)ml,更优选为1g:(3~7)ml,再优选为1g:(4~6)ml;所述浸泡的时间优选为10~30h,更优选为15~30h,再优选为20~30h,最优选为22~26h;加热蒸馏至馏出水分不含油滴为止。
最后将1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。所述降血糖组合物中茴香油与洋葱油的含量同上所述,在此不再赘述。
本发明制备方法简单科学,可充分保留茴香与洋葱的油脂类有效成分,上述油脂成分合理组合,保证该组合物具有降血糖的功效。
本发明还提供了一种上述降血糖组合物在制备降血糖药物中的应用;所述降血糖药物优选还包括药学上可接受的辅料;所述降血糖药物可为多种剂型,如颗粒剂、胶囊剂、口服剂或糖浆剂等。
本发明还提供了一种上述降血糖组合物在制备具有预防高血糖功能的保健食品中的应用;所述保健食品可为多种剂型,如颗粒剂、胶囊剂、口服剂或糖浆剂等,优选为胶囊剂、片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、软糖、乳剂或口服液。
为了进一步说明本发明,以下结合实施例对本发明提供的一种降血糖组合物及其制备方法进行详细描述。
以下实施例中所用的试剂均为市售。
实施例1
将茴香粉碎后,按照茴香粉末与水1g:5ml的比例加水,然后置于水蒸气蒸馏装置中,浸泡24h,加热蒸馏至馏出水分中不含有油滴为止,大约蒸馏时间为3h,得到茴香油。
将洋葱粉碎后,按照洋葱粉末与水1g:5ml的比例加水,然后置于水蒸气蒸馏装置中,浸泡24h,加热蒸馏至馏出水分中不含有油滴为止,大约蒸馏时间为3h,得到洋葱油。
将10重量份的茴香油与1重量份的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例2
将5重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与1重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例3
将1重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与1重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例4
将1重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与3重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例5
将1重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与5重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例6
将1重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与10重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例7
将1重量份实施例1中得到的茴香油与20重量份实施例1中得到的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
实施例8(一)降血糖组合物具有降血糖功能的药效实验
1.实验目的
建立地塞米松诱导的高血糖大鼠模型,初探降血糖对高血糖大鼠的影响。
2.实验材料
2.1药物及主要试剂
(1)主要试剂
采用上述实施例4中获得的降血糖组合物;葡萄糖(AR级),上海第四试剂厂;地塞米松磷酸钠注射液,武汉滨湖双鹤药业有限责任公司。
(2)实验动物
SD大鼠,雄性,SPF级,体重(150±20)g,由湖北中医药大学动物实验中心提供。
(3)主要仪器
流式细胞仪,美国BD公司;血糖仪:Sure Step Plus System,JohnsonCompany;酶标仪:美国Bio-Rad公司;722型光栅分光光度计,上海仪器总厂;超低温冷冻冰箱,美国Thermo Fisher Scientific;电子分析天平,BS124S,德国Startorius公司;超纯水机,Mill-Q Ⅱ,Milipore,Bedford,MA,USA;大鼠代谢笼,苏州市冯氏实验动物设备有限公司;试剂盒,南京建成生物工程研究所。
3.试验方法
3.1模型建立和药物干预
大鼠饲养于湖北中医药大学实验动物中心SPF级屏障动物实验室。动物日常护理及实验条件均符合《中华人民共和国卫生部实验动物环境及设施标准》。
普通维持料适应饲养大鼠3~5天,禁食3~4小时,取尾血,测定空腹即给葡萄糖前(0小时)血糖值,给2.5g/kgBW葡萄糖后测定0.5、2小时血糖值,作为该批次动物基础值。
模型建立:以0、0.5小时血糖水平分为5组,即空白对照组、模型对照组和3个样品组,每组15只。各组给予维持料饲养1周后,模型对照组和3个样品组更换高热能饲料,喂饲2周后,模型对照组和3个样品组在高热能饲料基础上分别给予地塞米松0.8mg/kgBW腹腔注射(0.008%地塞米松注射量1ml/100g体重),每日1次,连续10天。
预防性给药:空白对照组不做处理,3个样品组灌胃给予高、中、低剂量的降血糖组合物,给药剂量依次为17.5mg/kg.d、35.0mg/kg.d、70.0mg/kg.d,模型对照组给予等体积生理盐水,连续42天。
3.2样本收集及指标检测
空腹血糖和糖耐量(血样):实验结束后,各组动物禁食3~4小时,尾静脉取血用于测定空腹血糖,15~20分钟后各组经口给予葡萄糖2.5g/kgBW,分别于0.5h和2h时尾静脉取血,用于测定糖耐量。
胰岛素、胆固醇、甘油三脂、HbAlc水平(血样):糖耐量试验完成后,眼眶静脉取血,分离血清于-80℃冰箱保存。
肝糖元、肌糖元、胰岛B细胞细胞凋亡率(组织):糖耐量试验完成后,迅速取出肝脏和胰脏,肝脏用0.15MKCI-EDTA溶液洗后-80℃保存,流式细胞仪检测胰岛B细胞细胞凋亡率。
采用试剂盒分别检测各组生化指标,结果以mean±SD表示,采用SPSS统计软件(12.0),对结果进行ANOVA分析。
4.实验结果
实验结束后,各组大鼠生化指标水平变化见表1~表3。
表1实施例8不同组别大鼠糖耐量比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.05。
经高脂饲料喂养后模型组大鼠空腹血糖水平较正常组显著升高(P<0.05),糖负荷后30、120分钟血糖显著升高,与同时间点正常饮食组大鼠血糖值比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),同时,模型组葡萄糖曲线下面积显著高于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
观察空腹血糖,低、中、高剂量组与模型组比较均有降低,但中、高剂量组与模型组比较差异有显著性差异(P<0.05);糖负荷0.5h后,样品组中、高剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);糖负荷2h后,中、高剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察空腹血糖、糖负荷后0.5h、2h曲线下面积,高、中、低剂量组与模型组比较均无显著性差(P>0.05),与正常组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。
表2实施例8不同组别大鼠胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素、HbAlc比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.05。
模型组大鼠胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素、HbAlc与空白组比较均具有显著性差异(P<0.05),提示造模成功。
样品组大鼠的胆固醇与模型组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);各样品组间并无显著性差异(P>0.05);样品组大鼠甘油三酯与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05);各品组大鼠胰岛素与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05);样品组大鼠HbAlc与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
表3实施例8不同组别大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、胰岛β细胞凋亡率的比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.05。
模型组大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、胰岛细胞凋亡数量与空白组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),提示造模成功。
各样品组大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、胰岛β细胞凋亡率与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),肌糖原、肝糖原均有明显增加,胰岛β细胞凋亡率均有下降。
样品组各组的肝糖原比较,组间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
5.实验小结
(1)降血糖组合物各剂量组对地塞米松引起的高血糖模型大鼠均具有降血糖的作用。
(2)在对各剂量组的效果进行组间比较后发现,中、高剂量组对糖脂代谢紊乱大鼠的辅助降血糖效果更好,组间无显著性差异。
实施例9
参照实施例8的动物实验方法,分别用实施例1和实施例7的降血糖组合物替代实施例4的降血糖组合物进行实验。
样品组给药剂量均为35.0mg/kg.d。
实验结束后,各组大鼠生化指标水平变化见表4~表6。
表4不同比例组合物大鼠糖耐量比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.01。
观察空腹血糖,各样品组与模型组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);糖负荷0.5h后,各样品组与模型组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);糖负荷2h后,各剂量组与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察空腹血糖、糖负荷后0.5h、2h曲线下面积,样品组与模型组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
表5不同组别大鼠胆固醇、甘油三酯、胰岛素、HbAlc比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.01。
各样品组大鼠的胆固醇与模型组比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);各样品组大鼠甘油三酯与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);各样品组大鼠胰岛素与模型组比较均有异常显著性差异(P<0.01);各样品组大鼠HbAlc与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
表6不同组别大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、胰岛β细胞凋亡率的比较
注:#与空白组比较p<0.05,##与空白组比较p<0.01,※与模型组比较p<0.05,※※与模型组比较p<0.05。
肌糖原、肝糖原均有明显增加,胰岛β细胞凋亡率均有下降,各样品组大鼠肝糖原、肌糖原、胰岛β细胞凋亡率与模型组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。
结论:结果表明不同配比茴香油和洋葱油组合物均表现出明显的降血糖作用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种降血糖组合物,其特征在于,包括:1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的降血糖组合物,其特征在于,所述茴香油为茴香经水蒸气蒸馏得到;所述洋葱油为洋葱经水蒸气蒸馏得到。
3.根据权利要求1所述的降血糖组合物,其特征在于,包括1~40重量份的茴香油与1~40重量份的洋葱油。
4.根据权利要求1所述的降血糖组合物,其特征在于,包括1~20重量份的茴香油与1~20重量份的洋葱油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的降血糖组合物,其特征在于,包括1~10重量份的茴香油与1~10重量份的洋葱油。
6.一种降血糖组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
A)将茴香粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到茴香油;
将洋葱粉碎后经水蒸气蒸馏得到洋葱油;
B)将1~99重量份的茴香油与1~99重量份的洋葱油混合,得到降血糖组合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤A)具体为:
将茴香粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到茴香油;
将洋葱粉碎后,加水浸泡,然后加热蒸馏,得到洋葱油。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述茴香粉碎后加入浸泡10~30h;所述洋葱粉碎后加水浸泡10~30h。
9.一种权利要求1~5任意一项所述的降血糖组合物或权利要求6~8任意一项所制备的降血糖组合物在制备降血糖药物中的应用。
10.一种权利要求1~5任意一项所述的降血糖组合物或权利要求6~8任意一项所制备的降血糖组合物在制备具有预防高血糖功能的保健食品中的应用。
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