CN106916617B - 一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106916617B
CN106916617B CN201710074945.1A CN201710074945A CN106916617B CN 106916617 B CN106916617 B CN 106916617B CN 201710074945 A CN201710074945 A CN 201710074945A CN 106916617 B CN106916617 B CN 106916617B
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唐金伟
李烨峰
王娟
刘永洛
冯丽苹
肖秀媛
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法，该复合添加剂组合物包括齿轮油基础油和添加剂，添加剂由极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂组成，所述极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂的重量分别占齿轮油基础油重量的2～25％、2～20％、1～10％、0.5～10％和1～10％；本发明还公开了该复合添加剂组合物的制备方法；本发明所述添加剂能提高油液的极压抗磨性能、抗氧化性能、抑制金属腐蚀和起泡沫性，可使齿轮油的氧化安定性、四球机试验、铜片腐蚀和泡沫特性等指标长期合格，解决了风电齿轮油极压抗磨添加剂中的硫、磷等活性成分对油液抗氧化性能的负面影响，可延长油液的使用寿命，降低风力发电机组的运维成本，提高风电行业的整体经济效益。

Description

一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于齿轮油添加剂技术领域，具体涉及一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法。
背景技术
齿轮油作为一种重要的液体润滑介质，在风力发电机主齿轮箱中主要起到润滑减磨和设备的散热功能。新齿轮油投入运行后，与空气接触吸收溶解氧并与之化合，在温度、电场、金属构件催化的作用下，并承受了巨大的剪切力和荷载，大大加快了氧化过程，引起齿轮油的粘度变化、酸值升高、金属磨粒超标、抗氧化性能和极压抗磨性能降低等，由油质劣化引起的齿轮箱故障时有发生。
由于聚α‐烯烃(PAO)全合成齿轮油具有较好的低温泵送性能、优良的黏温特性、优异的润滑性和剪切稳定性，目前国内风电行业中广泛使用其作为风力发电机组主齿箱中的润滑介质，油液中的极压抗磨添加剂大幅提高了油液的梯姆肯OK值、最大无卡咬负荷、烧结负荷和综合磨损指数等指标，然而，极压抗磨添加剂中的活性成分如硫、磷等，在油液中有氧气、微水和金属部件接触的情况下，生产了高活性的自由基，加速了油液的氧化过程，油液在运行承受的重载荷和巨大的剪切力，导致油液在较短的时间内就发生了化学变化，引起油液的质量超标，危及到了风力发电机组的安全平稳经济运行。这些问题严重影响了风电行业的经济效益，制约了我国风电行业的发展。因此开拓新型风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂，延长油液的使用寿命，成为了该领域的焦点。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物及制备方法，本发明所述添加剂能提高油液的极压抗磨性能、抗氧化性能、抑制金属腐蚀和起泡沫性，可使齿轮油的氧化安定性、四球机试验、铜片腐蚀和泡沫特性等指标长期合格，从而提高风电机组运行的安全性和经济性。
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂组合物，包括基础油和添加剂，所述添加剂由极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂组成，所述极压抗磨剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的2～25％，所述抗氧化剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的2～20％，所述金属减活剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的1～10％，所述消泡剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的0.5～10％；所述分散剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的1～10％；所述齿轮油基础油为聚α‐烯烃合成油、聚酯类合成油中的一种或者二者以任意比混合的混合物；所述极压抗磨剂为硫代磷酸苯酯、硫代磷酸胺盐、硫磷酸含氮衍生物、硫化异丁烯、硫化钼和硼酸盐中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；所述抗氧化剂为α-萘酚、N-苯基-α萘胺、4-甲氧基-1-萘酚和1,4-二氧萘酚中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；所述金属减活剂为二巯基噻二唑、噻二唑衍生物、苯三唑衍生物和双肼酞嗪中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；所述消泡剂为聚硅氧烷、聚甲基丙烯酸衍生物、甲基硅油中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；所述分散剂为聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、双丁二酰亚胺中的一种或者两种以任意比混合的混合物。
本发明提供的风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂的制备方法如下：根据齿轮油的粘度等级，将齿轮油基础油加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，然后将添加剂各组分极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂分别按照占齿轮油基础油重量的2～25％、2～20％、1～10％、0.5～10％和1～10％的比例加入齿轮油基础油中，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
和现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
本发明具有合成方法简便、易于操作、成本费用低，特别适合于规模化生产；该复合添加剂中有机硼类物质通过渗硼作用，能在金属表面形成一层致密的硼化铁层，大幅提高了油液的极压抗磨性能，同时有机硼中的烃链和金属减活剂一起在金属表面形成了一层疏水的保护膜，提高了油液的抗微点蚀能力。另外，抗氧剂和金属减活剂组分中不饱和烃，可与极压抗磨剂中的活性成分结合，形成稳定化合物，从而避免活性成分直接攻击基础油，而影响油液的抗氧化性能。该复合添加剂可在提高风电齿轮油极压抗磨性能、抑制金属微点蚀的同时显著地改善油液的抗氧化性能，可使齿轮油的氧化安定性、四球机试验、铜片腐蚀和泡沫特性等指标长期合格，从而提高了风电机组运行的安全性和经济性。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例一：
将320#聚α‐烯烃基础油70g和320#聚酯基础油30g加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，分别加入10g硫代磷酸苯酯和12g硼酸盐极压抗磨剂、8g N-苯基-α萘胺和5g1,4-二氧萘酚抗氧化剂、8g二巯基噻二唑金属减活剂、5g甲基硅油消泡剂和5g聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺分散剂，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
在对某公司提供的聚α‐烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂5wt％，对添加后的油品进行测试，结果见表1。
表1某公司聚α-烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂后的主要项目结果
Figure BDA0001224541550000041
实施例二：
将320#聚α‐烯烃基础油90g和320#聚酯基础油10g加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，分别加入8g硫化异丁烯和15g硼酸盐极压抗磨剂、5gα-萘酚和10g4-甲氧基-1-萘酚抗氧化剂、4g二巯基噻二唑和4g双肼酞嗪金属减活剂、8g聚甲基丙烯酸衍生物消泡剂和6g聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺分散剂，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
在对某公司提供的聚α‐烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂5wt％，对添加后的油品进行测试，结果见表1。
表2某公司聚α-烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂后的主要项目结果
Figure BDA0001224541550000051
实施例三：
将320#聚α‐烯烃基础油20g和320#聚酯基础油80g加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，分别加入15g硫代磷酸胺盐和5g硼酸盐极压抗磨剂、10gα-萘酚和7g N-苯基-α萘胺抗氧化剂、6g噻二唑衍生物和3g双肼酞嗪金属减活剂、4g聚硅氧烷和6g聚甲基丙烯酸衍生物消泡剂和10g双丁二酰亚胺分散剂，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
在对某公司提供的聚α‐烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂5wt％，对添加后的油品进行测试，结果见表1。
表3某公司聚α-烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂后的主要项目结果
Figure BDA0001224541550000061
实施例四：
将320#聚α‐烯烃基础油50g和320#聚酯基础油50g加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，分别加入12g硫磷酸含氮衍生物和12g硼酸盐极压抗磨剂、4gα-萘酚和15g1,4-二氧萘酚抗氧化剂、7g苯三唑衍生物和2g双肼酞嗪金属减活剂、4g聚硅氧烷和3g甲基硅油消泡剂和7g双丁二酰亚胺分散剂，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
在对某公司提供的聚α‐烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂5wt％，对添加后的油品进行测试，结果见表1。
表4某公司聚α-烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂后的主要项目结果
Figure BDA0001224541550000071
实施例五：
将320#聚α‐烯烃基础油30g和320#聚酯基础油70g加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，分别加入10g硫化异丁烯和14g硼酸盐极压抗磨剂、6g N-苯基-α萘胺和12g4-甲氧基-1-萘酚抗氧化剂、6g噻二唑衍生物和3g苯三唑衍生物金属减活剂、4g聚甲基丙烯酸衍生物和6g甲基硅油消泡剂、2g聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺和6g双丁二酰亚胺分散剂，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
在对某公司提供的聚α‐烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂5wt％，对添加后的油品进行测试，结果见表1。
表5某公司聚α-烯烃基础油添加该高性能复合添加剂后的主要项目结果
Figure BDA0001224541550000072
Figure BDA0001224541550000081

Claims (2)

1.一种风电齿轮油抗磨抗氧复合添加剂组合物，其特征在于：包括齿轮油基础油和添加剂，所述添加剂由极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂组成，所述极压抗磨剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的2～25％，所述抗氧化剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的2～20％，所述金属减活剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的1～10％，所述消泡剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的0.5～10％；所述分散剂的重量占齿轮油基础油重量的1～10％；
所述齿轮油基础油为聚α-烯烃合成油；
所述极压抗磨剂为硫代磷酸苯酯、硫代磷酸胺盐、硫磷酸含氮衍生物、硫化异丁烯、硫化钼和硼酸盐中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；
所述抗氧化剂为4-甲氧基-1-萘酚和1,4-二氧萘酚中的一种或者二者以任意比混合的混合物；
所述金属减活剂为双肼酞嗪；
所述消泡剂为聚硅氧烷、聚甲基丙烯酸衍生物、甲基硅油中的一种或者多种以任意比混合的混合物；
所述分散剂为聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺、双丁二酰亚胺中的一种或者两种以任意比混合的混合物。
2.权利要求1所述风电齿轮油抗磨抗氧复合添加剂组合物的制备方法，其特征在于：根据齿轮油的粘度等级，将齿轮油基础油加入有搅拌装置的调和釜中，缓慢加热至50±5℃，然后将添加剂各组分极压抗磨剂、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂、消泡剂和分散剂分别按照占齿轮油基础油重量的2～25％、2～20％、1～10％、0.5～10％和1～10％的比例加入齿轮油基础油中，以500±50r/min的搅拌速度，搅拌2小时后，得到风电齿轮油用抗氧抗磨复合添加剂。
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