CN106910873A - 掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 229910002991 LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910016739 Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Sr+2] UUCCCPNEFXQJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001866 strontium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
本发明涉及锂离子电池的正极材料及制备,具体是一种掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料及其制备方法。其原料组成为:三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2、Li2CO3、Sr(OH)2•8H2O、H3BO3;其中三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和Li2CO3按化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1;其中Sr掺杂含量质量百分比为0.06%~0.18%;H3BO3掺杂含量质量百分比0.5%~1.2%;各原料通过高温固相烧结制成正极材料。本发明制备出的正极材料与传统三元正极材料相比具有更高的压实密度,比能量密度大副提高,有效地提升了全电池性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及锂离子电池的正极材料及制备,具体是一种掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
传统的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2三元正极材料具有价格低、放电比容量高、循环稳定等特点,但普通523三元正极材料存在多次循环过程中容量保持率较低、压实不高等缺点,影响了其性能的进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种能够提高三元正极材料压实密度,改善锂离子电池性能的掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料及其制备方法。
本发明的掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料,其原料组成为:三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2、Li2CO3、Sr(OH)2·8H2O、H3BO3;其中三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和Li2CO3按化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1;其中Sr在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.06%~0.18%;H3BO3在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比0.5%~1.2%;各原料通过高温固相烧结制成正极材料。优选的,Sr在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.08%~0.095%,H3BO3在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.6%~0.8%。
本发明的上述正极材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将电池级三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和电池级碳酸锂Li2CO3按化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1进行配料,再按Sr和H3BO3的掺杂比例配入分析纯Sr(OH)2·8H2O和分析纯硼酸H3BO3;
步骤二,将配好的原料加入三维混料机,并加入混料球进行混料;优选的混料球质量比列为
步骤三,将混合均匀的料放置于箱式气氛炉中,以5℃/min的升温速率升温至300℃,恒温1h;再以5℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,恒温1h;然后再以5℃/min的速率升温至950℃,恒温4h;烧结后冷却至室温,制得掺杂Sr和H3BO3的锂离子电池LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2三元正极材料;箱式气氛炉中抽风机风量为(7.5~10.5)m3/min。
本发明通过合适的H3BO3和Sr掺杂,制备出的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料制成的极片与传统三元正极材料相比具有更高的压实密度,比能量密度大副提高,同时晶体结构没有发生变化,粒度、pH、比表面积、振实密度也变化不大,有效地提升了全电池性能。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料的制备和实验步骤如下:
1、配料:将三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2(电池级)和碳酸锂Li2CO3(电池级)按化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1进行配料,再按照质量掺杂比例Sr 0.06%~0.18%和硼酸H3BO3 0.5%~1.2%配Sr(OH)2·8H2O(分析纯)和硼酸H3BO3(分析纯);配料后将料编号。
2、混料:将称量好的原料以“黑白相间”原则加入三维混料机,并加入混料球(混料球质量比列为此比例加入混料球混料能最大限度的使混料均匀),进行混料2h,混料后编号。
3、烧结:将混合均匀的料放置于箱式气氛炉中,以5℃/min的升温速率升温至300℃,恒温1h,再以5℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,恒温1h,然后再以5℃/min的速率升温至950℃,恒温4h,烧结后冷却至室温。抽风机风量为(7.5~10.5)m3/min。将烧结后的料编号。
4、破碎:将烧结后的20组料采用联合破碎法,首先通过鄂破机进行机械粗破碎,然后超声波破碎系统进行二次破碎,再使用超声波振动筛过200目筛,即得到掺杂Sr和H3BO3的锂离子电池LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2三元正极材料,将LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2三元正极材料进行编号。
5、物理性能测试:XRD(对粉末样品进行X射线衍射分析)、SEM(扫描电子显微镜对样品粒径和形貌分析)、材料真密度测试、压实密度测试;
电性能测试:将实验所得正极材料制作成纽扣电池,采用新威电池测试系统测试电池充放电性能。
测试结果分析如下:
1、三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和碳酸锂Li2CO3为原料,采用固相烧结法、添加适量的H3BO3和Sr(OH)2·8H2O制备了更优良的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料,H3BO3在晶体生长过程中起到了助熔作用,随着H3BO3和Sr掺杂量的增加,使正极材料的一次颗粒长大,晶胞常数也增大,致密度增加,晶体结构没有发生变化,粒度、pH、比表面积、振实密度稍有变化。
2、H3BO3添加量为0.6%~0.8%且Sr掺杂量为0.08%~0.095%时制备出的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料制成的极片具有最高的使用极限压实密度4.12g/cm3,比能量密度提高约13.4%。
3、全电池测试结果显示,H3BO3添加量为0.6%~0.8%且Sr掺杂量为0.08%~0.095%时LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2极片随着压实密度的增大,25℃、0.5C首次充放电比容量有所提升,倍率和循环性能也提升;压实密度为4.12g/cm3时,25℃、0.5C首次充放电比容量为166.25(mA·h)/g,1C循环首次放电比容量为159.82(mA·h)/g,100次循环容量保持率为97.88%,综合电化学性能优异。
Claims (5)
1.一种掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料,其特征在于,其原料组成为:三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2、Li2CO3、Sr(OH)2·8H2O、H3BO3;其中三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和Li2CO3按化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1;其中Sr在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.06%~0.18%;H3BO3在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比0.5%~1.2%;各原料通过高温固相烧结制成正极材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料,其特征在于,Sr在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.08%~0.095%,H3BO3在正极材料中掺杂含量质量百分比为0.6%~0.8%。
3.一种权利要求2所述掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将电池级三元前驱体Ni0.5Co0.2Mn0.3(OH)2和电池级碳酸锂Li2CO3按理论化学计量比m(Li+)/m(Ni2++Co2++Mn2+)=1.04:1进行配料,再按Sr和H3BO3的掺杂比例配入分析纯Sr(OH)2·8H2O和分析纯硼酸H3BO3;
步骤二,将配好的原料加入三维混料机,并加入混料球进行混料;
步骤三,将混合均匀的料放置于箱式气氛炉中,以5℃/min的升温速率升温至300℃,恒温1h;再以5℃/min的升温速率升温至600℃,恒温1h;然后再以5℃/min的速率升温至950℃,恒温4h;烧结后冷却至室温,制得掺杂Sr和H3BO3的锂离子电池LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2三元正极材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中,混料球质量比列为
5.根据权利要求3所述的掺杂Sr和H3BO3的LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2正极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三中,箱式气氛炉中抽风机风量为(7.5~10.5)m3/min。
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107579244A (zh) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-12 | 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 | 一种高结晶度锂离子电池正极材料合成方法及正极材料 |
| CN108305999A (zh) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-07-20 | 宁夏科捷锂电池股份有限公司 | 一种采用β-Ga2O3对LiMn2O4正极材料进行包覆改性的方法 |
| CN111416118A (zh) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 江门市科恒实业股份有限公司 | 一种高电压三元正极材料及其制备方法 |
| CN111710843A (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 河南福森新能源科技有限公司 | 一种高压实锂电池正极材料镍钴锰酸锂的制作方法 |
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| CN114551838A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 中南大学 | 一种改性单晶型无钴高镍三元正极材料及其制备方法 |
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