CN106907403B - 离合器装置 - Google Patents

离合器装置 Download PDF

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CN106907403B
CN106907403B CN201611158257.5A CN201611158257A CN106907403B CN 106907403 B CN106907403 B CN 106907403B CN 201611158257 A CN201611158257 A CN 201611158257A CN 106907403 B CN106907403 B CN 106907403B
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clutch
disk carrier
partial clutch
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CN106907403A (zh
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E·洛伦茨
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D13/00—Friction clutches
    • F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
    • F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
    • F16D13/52—Clutches with multiple lamellae ; Clutches in which three or more axially moveable members are fixed alternately to the shafts to be coupled and are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0661—Hydraulically actuated multiple lamellae clutches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

离合器装置包括第一子离合器、第二子离合器和第三子离合器，第一子离合器借助第一外摩擦片支架或第一内摩擦片支架与第一输出轴连接，第二子离合器借助第二外摩擦片支架或第二内摩擦片支架与第二输出轴连接，第三子离合器构造成将输入轴与第一内摩擦片支架或第一外摩擦片支架以及与第二内摩擦片支架或第二外摩擦片支架可松开连接，第三子离合器的第三外摩擦片支架或第三内摩擦片支架和第一内摩擦片支架或第一外摩擦片支架和第二内摩擦片支架或第二外摩擦片支架与共同的径向环绕的环连接，环分界第一区域和第二区域，第三子离合器布置在第一区域中，第一子离合器和第二子离合器布置在第二区域中，第一区域和第二区域轴向相邻。

Description

离合器装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种离合器装置，该离合器装置包括第一子离合器、第二子离合器和第三子离合器，第一子离合器借助第一外摩擦片支架或第一内摩擦片支架与第一输出轴可连接或已连接，第二子离合器借助第二外摩擦片支架或第二内摩擦片支架与第二输出轴可连接或已连接，第三子离合器构造成用于使输入轴与第一内摩擦片支架或第一外摩擦片支架以及与第二内摩擦片支架或第二外摩擦片支架可松开地连接，其中，第三子离合器的第三外摩擦片支架或第三内摩擦片支架和第一内摩擦片支架或第一外摩擦片支架和第二内摩擦片支架或第二外摩擦片支架与共同的径向环绕的环连接。
背景技术
如现有技术公开的那样，借助这种离合器装置可能的是：第一和/或第二驱动单元与第一或第二输出轴连接。第一和第二子离合器在此布置在输出侧，使得它们分别配属于变速器输入轴。第三子离合器能够实现使第一驱动单元可以例如通过输入轴，尤其通过内燃机的输出轴，去耦合或耦合。第二驱动单元在此啮合在共同的径向环绕的环上或者说将驱动力或转矩传递到该环上。该环例如构造成电机的一部分，例如转子，或者与电机的一部分连接，使得电机，尤其例如作为附加马达的电动马达，与该环耦合。
对于这种从现有技术中公开的离合器装置，相对于不能连接附加设备的可比的离合器装置来说，需要更大的安装空间。
发明内容
本发明的任务因此在于提供一种离合器装置，该离合器装置能够实现节省安装空间的几何构造。
为了解决该任务，在开始提到的类型的离合器装置中，根据本发明设置：该环限界第一和第二区域，其中，第三子离合器布置在第一区域中，并且第一和第二子离合器布置在第二区域中，并且第一和第二区域轴向相邻。
根据本发明相应设置：该环径向环绕地围绕离合器装置的转动轴线布置。在此，该环优选包围输入轴并且尤其包围变速器输入轴中的一个。两个变速器输入轴和该输入轴同样与离合器装置的转动轴线同心地布置。第二变速器输入轴在此构造成空心轴并且至少区段地包围构造成实心轴的第一变速器输入轴。
在此，该环径向向外地延伸并且因此通过其径向延伸部将第一和第二区域相互分开。该环因而也可以被称为环形盘或环形盘式。该环的盘形区段在此将两个区域相互分开。在此，在第一区域中布置有第三子离合器，该第三子离合器构造成用于将优选是内燃机输出轴的输入轴与该环可松开地耦合或者将输入轴和该环之间的连接分开。在第二区域中布置有第一和第二子离合器，它们构造成用于将该环与相应的变速器输入轴连接，相应的子离合器与该变速器输入轴耦合。例如，第二子离合器与第二变速器输入轴、第一子离合器与第一变速器输入轴形状锁合地尤其通过啮合连接。
特别优选，根据本发明的离合器装置的环与电机的转子耦合。在此，该环当然也可以构造成转子。根据该实施方式，第二驱动单元构造成电机并且通过第一或第二子离合器可与第一或第二变速器输入轴连接。电机另外通过第三子离合器可与输入轴连接。
这能够以有利的方式实现，第一驱动单元，例如内燃机，以及第二驱动单元，例如电机，都能够与对应的变速器输入轴耦合。因而，两个驱动单元的不同运行状态是可能的。尤其能够实现助力模式，在该模式下，由电机产生的力矩与由内燃机产生的力矩组合。此外，能量回收模式是可能的，在该能量回收模式下，通过由相应的离合器输入轴来驱动转子，能够实现能量回收。
对于进一步减小需要的安装空间来说，该环可以优选至少区段地具有L形或T形或双T形。第三子离合器和第二和/或第一子离合器在此布置在第一或第二区域中，该第一或第二区域由L形或T形或双T形来构造。由此，三个子离合器的嵌套布置是可能的，这明显减小离合器装置的需要的安装空间。通过在由该环的横截面限界的区域中布置子离合器，可以有利地利用该安装空间。
特别优选，在根据本发明的离合器装置中设置，第三子离合器的第三外摩擦片支架与该环连接，并且第三子离合器的第三内摩擦片支架与输入轴连接，或者第三外摩擦片支架与输入轴连接，并且第三内摩擦片支架与该环连接。根据离合器装置的几何构造，在此特别优选地设置，外摩擦片支架与该环耦合或者构造成该环的一部分，并且内摩擦片支架相应地与输入轴连接。
根据本发明的离合器装置还能够如下扩展构造：第一和第二部分离合径向或轴向相邻地布置。因此，第一和第二子离合器既可以沿径向方向又可以沿轴向方向相邻地布置在第二区域中。当然同样可能的是，设置径向布置和轴向布置之间的组合，即在这两个子离合器间设置径向错位和轴向错位。在此，特别有利的是，第一和第二子离合器的布置能够相对彼此地匹配于该环的几何构造。在此，第三子离合器可以在该环的相应对置侧同样这样布置，使得由该环的横截面所限界的区域尽可能有效率地被充分利用。
在根据本发明的离合器装置中另外优选设置，第三子离合器的第三摩擦片组和/或第二子离合器的第二摩擦片组或第一子离合器的第一摩擦片组支承在该环的各一个支承区段上。这些摩擦片组能够通过配属于它们的支承区段(摩擦片组支承在这些支承区段上)抵抗由操作元件引入到摩擦片组中的力地支承，使得可轴向运动地布置的、配属于子离合器的相应外摩擦片支架或内摩擦片支架的外摩擦片和内摩擦片能够由该操作力被压紧在一起，使得相应的内摩擦片支架和外摩擦片支架可以通过在外摩擦片和内摩擦片之间产生的摩擦锁合相互连接。在此，特别有利地设置，支承区段直接集成在该环中。
在根据本发明的离合器装置的另一构型方式中可以设置，第三子离合器可以借助中央分离装置来操作或液压地来操作。在此，中央分离装置或液压操作作用到操作元件上，该操作元件将力引入第三子离合器的第三摩擦片组中，因而在第三内摩擦片和第三外摩擦片之间建立了摩擦锁合，由此，第三内摩擦片支架可以与第三外摩擦片支架连接。因此，通过该摩擦锁合可以在输入轴和该环之间建立连接。借助中央分离装置进行的操作或者液压操作在输入轴侧在此可以支承在离合器壳体上。
根据本发明的离合器装置还能够如下扩展构成，即第一和第二子离合器和第三子离合器布置在离合器装置的湿室中。离合器装置因此构造成湿式离合器，其中，在该湿室中设置有液体，尤其是油，该油流经并冷却这些子离合器。此外，这提供了这样的优点：产生的噪声可以通过该液体来减弱。
附图说明
本发明下面根据一实施例参照附图来阐述。附图1是示意性视图并且示出穿过本发明离合器装置的横截面。
具体实施方式
唯一的图1示出离合器装置1，该离合器装置包括第一子离合器2，该第一子离合器借助第一内摩擦片支架3与第一输出轴4耦合。离合器装置1还具有第二子离合器5，该第二子离合器借助第二内摩擦片支架6与第二输出轴7连接。第一输出轴4和第二输出轴7构造成第一或第二变速器输入轴。离合器装置1或其构件与转动轴线8同心地布置。第二输出轴7在此构造成空心轴并且区段地包围第一输出轴4。
离合器装置1还具有第三子离合器9，该第三子离合器构造成用于将输入轴10与第一子离合器2的第一外摩擦片支架11和第二子离合器5的第二外摩擦片支架12可松开地连接。可看到，第三子离合器9的第三外摩擦片支架13、第一子离合器2的第一外摩擦片支架11以及第二子离合器5的第二外摩擦片支架12与一共同的径向环绕的环14连接。该环14在此通过其径向延伸部沿轴向方向分界第一区域15与第二区域16。在第一区域15中布置有第三子离合器9，并且在第二区域16中布置有第一子离合器2和第二子离合器5。第一和第二区域15,16因而轴向相邻地布置并且由环14的中间隔板17相互分开。
在横截面中可见，环14还具有双T形，其中，内隔板18通过相应的轴承支承在输入轴10上。环14的外隔板19相对于未进一步示出的电机的转子20转动。
可看出，环14的双T形能够实现，第三子离合器9和第二子离合器5可以被接收到由横截面产生的安装空间中，使得通过子离合器5,9在那里被布置成节省安装空间的方式，能够有效率地利用这些安装空间。
第一子离合器2和第二子离合器5在此径向相邻地布置。图示可见地示出，第一子离合器2和第二子离合器5也具有沿轴向方向的错位，该错位由环14的双T形几何构造给出。
第一子离合器2具有第一摩擦片组21，该第一摩擦片组由配属于第一外摩擦片支架11的外摩擦片和配属于第一内摩擦片支架3的内摩擦片形成。摩擦片组21布置在第一操作元件22和第一支承区段23之间。支承区段23在此布置在环14上并且在通过操作元件22导入力的情况下支承摩擦片组21，使得第一摩擦片组21的第一外摩擦片和第一内摩擦片能够压紧在一起。第三子离合器9同样具有第三摩擦片组24，该第三摩擦片组布置在第三操作元件25和第三支承区段26之间。支承区段26在此同样布置在环14上或者说构造成该环的一部分。
第二子离合器5具有第二摩擦片组27，该第二摩擦片组布置在外摩擦片支架12的支承区段28和操作元件29之间。
在图1中还示出，第三子离合器9可以液压地通过液压操作装置30操作。通过在压力室31中加载压力，能够因而使操作元件25向摩擦片组24的方向运动，使得摩擦片组24的相应的第三外摩擦片和第三内摩擦片压紧在一起，由此在第三外摩擦片和第三内摩擦片之间建立了摩擦锁合。由此，输入轴10和与其连接但未进一步示出的内燃机被耦合到环14上。
通过图1示出的离合器装置1能够实现不同的运行状态。这样能够尤其实现助力状态、回收状态、纯电动运行或纯内燃机运行。为了滑行运行或拖行运行(Schleppbetrieb)同样可以解耦内燃机。
参考标记列表
1 离合器装置
2 子离合器
3 内摩擦片支架
4 输出轴
5 子离合器
6 内摩擦片支架
7 输出轴
8 转动轴线
9 子离合器
10 输入轴
11 外摩擦片支架
12 外摩擦片支架
13 外摩擦片支架
14 环
15 区域
16 区域
17 中隔板
18 内隔板
19 外隔板
20 定子
21 摩擦片组
22 操作元件
23 支承区段
24 摩擦片组
25 操作元件
26 支承区段
27 摩擦片组
28 支承区段
29 操作元件
30 操作装置
31 压力室

Claims (8)

1.离合器装置(1)，包括第一子离合器(2)、第二子离合器(5)和第三子离合器(9)，所述第一子离合器借助第一外摩擦片支架(11)或第一内摩擦片支架(3)与第一输出轴(4)可连接或已连接，所述第二子离合器借助第二外摩擦片支架(12)或第二内摩擦片支架(6)与第二输出轴(7)可连接或已连接，所述第三子离合器构造成用于将输入轴(10)与所述第一内摩擦片支架(3)或所述第一外摩擦片支架(11)以及与所述第二内摩擦片支架(6)或所述第二外摩擦片支架(12)可松开地连接，其中，所述第三子离合器(9)的第三外摩擦片支架(13)或第三内摩擦片支架以及所述第一内摩擦片支架(3)或所述第一外摩擦片支架(11)以及所述第二内摩擦片支架(6)或所述第二外摩擦片支架(12)与共同的径向环绕的环(14)连接，其特征为：所述环(14)限界第一区域(15)和第二区域(16)，其中，所述第三子离合器(9)布置在所述第一区域(15)中，并且所述第一子离合器(2)和所述第二子离合器(5)布置在所述第二区域(16)中，并且所述第一区域(15)和所述第二区域(16)轴向相邻。
2.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述环(14)与电机的转子耦合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述环(14)至少区段地具有L形或T形或双T形。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述第三子离合器(9)的第三外摩擦片支架(13)与所述环(14)连接并且所述第三子离合器(9)的第三内摩擦片支架与所述输入轴(10)连接；或者，所述第三外摩擦片支架(13)与所述输入轴(10)连接并且所述第三内摩擦片支架与所述环(14)连接。
5.根据上述权利要求1至3中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述第一子离合器(2)和所述第二子离合器(5)径向或轴向相邻地布置。
6.根据上述权利要求1至3中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述第三子离合器(9)的第三摩擦片组和/或所述第二子离合器(5)的第二摩擦片组(27)或所述第一子离合器(2)的第一摩擦片组(21)分别支承在所述环(14)的一个支承区段(23,26)上。
7.根据上述权利要求1至3中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述第三子离合器(9)可借助中央分离装置来操作或能够液压地操作。
8.根据上述权利要求1至3中任一项所述的离合器装置，其特征为：所述第一子离合器(2)和所述第二子离合器(5)和所述第三子离合器(9)布置在所述离合器装置(1)的湿室中。
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