CN106902849B - 1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂 - Google Patents
1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910016287 MxOy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Co]O[Co]=O UPWOEMHINGJHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one Chemical compound C1=CN=C2NC(=O)CC2=C1 ZXSQEZNORDWBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=CF VJGCZWVJDRIHNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoropropane Chemical compound CCCF JRHNUZCXXOTJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021580 Cobalt(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007233 catalytic pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005796 dehydrofluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001958 silver carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/128—Halogens; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/125—Halogens; Compounds thereof with scandium, yttrium, aluminium, gallium, indium or thallium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/138—Halogens; Compounds thereof with alkaline earth metals, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/25—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by splitting-off hydrogen halides from halogenated hydrocarbons
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种1,1,1,3,3‑五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3‑四氟丙烯用催化剂，其组成为MxOy/AlF3,其中载体AlF3为具有α相结构、比表面积大于150m2·g‑1、孔径分布集中在15nm～40nm的活性载体，MxOy为MgO、Fe2O3、Co2O3或CuO中的一种，MxOy和AlF3的摩尔比为1:5～50。该催化剂的制备方法为：以具有大比表面积、介孔结构的活性α相AlF3为载体，采用等量浸渍法负载Mg、Fe、Co或Cu其中任一元素的可溶性盐，经过烘干，高温焙烧制成催化剂。本发明中的催化剂性能优异，制备过程中不需使用昂贵的贵金属化合物，成本低，活性高，280℃反应时，1,1,1,3,3‑五氟丙烷的转化率可达70％以上，催化剂寿命长，可稳定运行360h，且反应过程中不需通入稀释气体，具有工业化应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种催化剂，具体涉及一种用于1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的催化剂。
背景技术
1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234ze)臭氧消耗潜值(ODP)为零，全球变暖潜值(GWP)只有6，作为绿色环保产品，广泛用于发泡剂和气溶胶推进剂等行业。HFO-1234ze还是合成高稳定性、高弹性橡胶塑料的聚合单体，广泛用于消防、航空和航天等领域。以1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa)为原料，催化裂解脱氟化氢制备HFO-1234ze是一条经济可行的路线。
专利CN103537305B报道了Ni-Ag-Cr2O3-AlF3作为HFC-245fa裂解联产HFO-1234ze和2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯(HFO-1234yf)的催化剂，在稀释气体氮气存在下，于400℃反应，HFC-245fa转化率最高可达98.5％，HFO-1234ze选择性最高可达90％，反应温度较高，并且催化剂制备中需使用昂贵的氧化银或碳酸银。
专利US5986151A报道了1％Pd/C作为HFC-245fa制备HFO-1234ze的催化剂，于471℃反应，HFC-245fa转化率为92.4％，HFO-1234ze选择性为97.2％，反应温度高，并且所用催化剂为Pd/C,成本高。
目前HFC-245fa制备HFO-1234ze的催化剂存在制备过程中需使用昂贵的贵金属化合物，成本高，反应过程中需要通入稀释气体，增加后期分离成本的问题。
发明内容
本发明为解决现有技术中催化剂存在的不足，提供了一种制备过程中不需使用昂贵的贵金属化合物，成本低，反应过程中不需通入稀释气体，使用寿命长的HFC-245fa制备HFO-1234ze的催化剂。
为了实现本发明的目的，得到一种制备成本低、不需稀释气体和使用寿命长的高性能催化剂，设想使用一种具有α相结构、比表面积大于150m2·g-1、孔径分布集中在15nm～40nm的AlF3作为活性载体，通过浸渍非贵金属活性组分，调变表面酸碱性和孔径分布，获得所需催化剂。
本发明所述的HFC-245fa制备HFO-1234ze的催化剂为负载型催化剂，其组成为MxOy/AlF3,其中载体AlF3为具有α相结构、比表面积大于150m2·g-1、孔径分布集中在15nm～40nm的活性载体，MxOy为MgO、Fe2O3、Co2O3或CuO中的一种，MxOy和AlF3的摩尔比为1:5～50。其制备过程如下：以具有大比表面积、介孔结构的活性α相AlF3为载体，采用等量浸渍法负载Mg、Fe、Co或Cu其中任一元素的可溶性盐，于90℃～120℃烘干，最后在380℃～450℃下焙烧，得到1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂。
所述Mg、Fe、Co或Cu的可溶性盐为相应的硝酸盐或氯化物。
本发明的有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
(1)现有催化剂制备过程中需要使用昂贵的Pd或Ag的化合物，成本高，本发明中不需要使用贵金属化合物，只需要使用廉价的非贵金属Mg、Fe、Co或Cu的可溶性盐，成本低。
(2)现有催化剂反应过程中需通入稀释气体以延缓失活，增加后期分离成本，本发明中催化剂反应过程中不需通入稀释气体，并且寿命长，可稳定运行360h。
具体实施方式
下面给出本发明的具体实施例，但并不限制本发明的范围。
催化剂性能的评价：量取5mL催化剂装入反应管中，待反应温度稳定在280℃后，通入HFC-245fa，保持接触时间为6s，运行24h，反应产物经水洗、碱洗吸收HF后，再经干燥，气相色谱进行分析，使用GC-2014C型气相色谱仪，色谱柱为GS-GasPro，氮气作载气，柱前压为60kPa，分流比为20:1，采用FID检测器，检测器温度为220℃，柱箱140℃恒温进样，采用峰面积归一化定量，得到原料转化率和HFO-1234ze的选择性数据。
实施例1
在烧杯中加入活性AlF3载体，采用等量浸渍法浸渍FeCl3·6H2O，FeCl3·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.08，在烘箱中90℃烘干，在马弗炉中400℃焙烧3h，制成催化剂。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为72.2％，HFO-1234ze选择性为98.9％。
实施例2
与实施例1的操作相同，所不同的是FeCl3·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.12。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为75.6％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到99.3％。
实施例3
与实施例1的操作相同，所不同的是FeCl3·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.16。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为76.0％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到99.2％。
实施例4
与实施例1的操作相同，所不同的是FeCl3·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.2。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为70.9％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到98.8％。
实施例5
在烧杯中加入活性AlF3载体，采用等量浸渍法浸渍Mg(NO3)2·6H2O，Mg(NO3)2·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.02，在烘箱中90℃烘干，在马弗炉中380℃焙烧4h，制成催化剂。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为72.6％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到99.5％。
实施例6
在烧杯中加入活性AlF3载体，采用等量浸渍法浸渍CoCl2·6H2O，CoCl2·6H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.16，在烘箱中100℃烘干，在马弗炉中430℃焙烧2h，制成催化剂。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为74.8％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到98.7％。
实施例7
在烧杯中加入活性AlF3载体，采用等量浸渍法浸渍Cu(NO3)2·3H2O，Cu(NO3)2·3H2O与AlF3摩尔比为0.2，在烘箱中100℃烘干，在马弗炉中450℃焙烧2h，制成催化剂。通过评价，HFC-245fa转化率为73.1％，HFO-1234ze选择性达到98.1％。
本发明的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂寿命试验
对实施例3制备的催化剂进行寿命试验，催化剂装填量为5mL，反应温度为280℃，接触时间为6s，反应持续运行360h，反应产物经水洗、碱洗吸收HF后，再经干燥，气相色谱进行分析，评价结果见表1。
表1寿命试验
| 反应时间 | HFC-245fa转化率，％ | HFO-1234ze选择性，％ |
| 24h | 76.0 | 99.2 |
| 120h | 75.4 | 99.6 |
| 240h | 74.5 | 99.0 |
| 360h | 73.8 | 98.6 |
反应运行360h后，HFC-245fa转化率略有下降，HFO-1234ze选择性基本保持不变，催化剂显示出良好的稳定性，具有寿命长的优点。
Claims (2)
1.一种1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂，其特征在于所述催化剂为负载型催化剂，催化剂组成为MxOy/AlF3,其中载体AlF3为具有α相结构、比表面积大于150m2·g-1、孔径分布集中在15nm～40nm的活性载体，MxOy为MgO、Fe2O3、Co2O3或CuO中的一种；该催化剂制备步骤如下：以具有大比表面积、介孔结构的活性α相AlF3为载体，采用等量浸渍法浸渍Mg、Fe、Co或Cu其中任一元素的可溶性盐，可溶性盐和AlF3的摩尔比为1:5-50，于90℃～120℃烘干，最后在380℃～450℃下焙烧，得到1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷制备1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂，其特征在于所述的Mg、Fe、Co或Cu的可溶性盐为相应的硝酸盐或氯化物。
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| CN110013853B (zh) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-10-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | 一种气相加氢脱氯制备2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯用催化剂 |
| CN110813324B (zh) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-06-17 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种金属掺杂无水硫酸铝催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN116143583B (zh) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-07-07 | 山东澳帆新材料有限公司 | 一种2,3,3,3-四氟丙烯和1,3,3,3-四氟丙烯的联产制备方法 |
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