CN1068626C - 改进的主轴电机 - Google Patents

改进的主轴电机 Download PDF

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CN1068626C
CN1068626C CN98107722A CN98107722A CN1068626C CN 1068626 C CN1068626 C CN 1068626C CN 98107722 A CN98107722 A CN 98107722A CN 98107722 A CN98107722 A CN 98107722A CN 1068626 C CN1068626 C CN 1068626C
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T·E·卡尔基斯
H·S·纳加拉杰
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于磁记录数据存贮装置里的改进的主轴电机，这种电机能够以高转速有效地运行。这种主轴电机带有涂覆了改进的润滑剂的球轴承。这种改进的润滑剂含有羟基硬脂酸的碱金属盐、酯油、二烷基二苯基胺和二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐。这种润滑剂提高了电机的转动运行情况。

Description

改进的主轴电机
本发明涉及用于磁记录装置的带有改进的润滑剂的主轴电机。
数字磁记录数据存贮工业的近期增长速度显示记录密度和传输速度令人著目的年增长率和查找时间的减少。为了继续这一增长率曲线，记录工业界正被迫在磁记录装置的设计和操作方面做出一些重要的变化。用于数据存贮的数字磁记录装置一般包括一薄膜记录磁盘，一用于驱动磁盘的主轴电机，和一在磁盘上读/写信息的沿磁盘表面移动或在磁盘表面上移动的探头或传感器。薄膜记录磁盘一般包括一基体、一磁性层如钴-基金属合金、一保护性的非晶形碳层和一设置在碳层外的全氟聚醚层。记录磁盘装在主轴电机上以高转速驱动磁盘。主轴电机一般包括(ⅰ)安装在外壳上的主轴，(ⅱ)可转动地安装在主轴上的主轴轴套，和(ⅲ)覆盖位于主轴和/或轴套内形成的座圈里的球轴承的润滑剂。
探头或传感器装在带有空气支承面的支臂或滑臂上，通过旋转磁盘产生的气垫在运转期间支承它们靠近磁盘数据面。
这种装置还包括一个控制位置的驱动器，后者连结到支臂上，用于在读/写操作期间将探头移动到磁盘上要求的位置。
传统的磁记录装置以约3600RPM至7000RPM以上的转速运行。已经发现，在磁盘装置以更高的转速，例如大于7500RPM，常规运转期间，在短期间内主轴电机即开始承受伴随主轴轴承润滑剂的化学损坏产生的声频振动。在这种声频振动存在下记录装置的继续运转会导致主轴轴承的机械损坏。
本发明的目的是提供用于主轴电机的改进的润滑剂，使这种电机以更高的转速长期地运转而没有不能接受的声频振动。
其它目的和优点会从以下的说明中明显地看出来。
本发明涉及一种用于数字磁记录数据存贮装置的改进的主轴电机，这种电机能够以高转速有效地运行。磁记录装置一般包括：(a)一记录磁盘；(b)一与磁盘相连的主轴电机，能以选定的转速，从3000至大于7000RPM，例如10000～20000RPM驱动磁盘；(c)一探头，支承在空气支承支臂(探头和支臂是一个整体元件)上，用于从磁盘的磁性层以磁性方法读数据和写数据；和(d)一驱动器，连结到用于移动探头横过转动的磁盘的支臂的头部。无炭刷直流永磁主轴电机包括：(ⅰ)一安装于外壳上的主轴，(ⅱ)一可转动地安装在主轴上的主轴轴套，和(ⅲ)覆盖位于主轴和/或轴套内形成的座圈里的球轴承的润滑剂。这种改进的润滑剂含有增稠剂、油、烷基二苯基胺和烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐。这种润滑剂改善了磁盘装置的转动运行情况。
在下面的详细描述和附图中更透彻的描述本发明。
图1是记录磁盘的驱动断面图。
图2是记录磁盘的驱动的俯视图。
图3带有主轴电机的磁盘记录装置的横截面图。
图4是另一个主轴电机的横截面图。
本发明涉及改进的高性能主轴电机，用于以磁性方式读/写数据的数字磁盘记录装置。
参看图1和2，示出一个记录磁盘的驱动装置。记录磁盘2由有轴套6的主轴电机4驱动旋转。磁盘通常包括一基体、一金属磁性层、一任选的碳层和一粘接的或非粘接的聚合物层，例如全氟聚醚层。
读/写头或传感器8在一个支臂的追踪端上，或触头10上。适用的触头是正向或反向空气支承触头。适用的反向空气支承触头在专利US 4894740和US 5438467中有描述，这些描述本文用作参考。读/写头8可以是一个感应读/写传感器，或是一个带有磁阻读传感器的感应写传感器。触头10通过一个刚性臂14和悬架16连结到致动器12上。悬架16提供偏压力，把触头10推向记录盘2的表面上。
在磁盘驱动运行期间，主轴电机4驱动磁盘2以恒速按箭头22的方向转动，致动器12-通常是一直线式绕组电机或转动式绕组电机-推动触头10大体上沿径向横过磁盘2的表面使读/写头可以访问磁盘2上不同的数据轨道。
参看图3，读/写头20和22通过臂26和28以及悬臂30和32连结到致动器24上。磁盘34支承在可转动地安装于轴40上的轴套或转子38上。轴40支承在外壳42上。多个永磁铁(例如，60和62)以环状磁块的形式贴附在轴套38上。定子64支承在外壳42上并且有多个轴向支柱66和68，线圈70和72绕在这些支柱上。磁铁60和62优选用高磁矩材料例如釹-铁-硼或钐-钴制造。环状磁铁包括多个单个的带有磁场的磁块，磁场的指向围绕环圈交替地沿径向朝外或朝内。当将电流加到定子的每一个线圈时，感应出的磁场吸引或排斥永磁块使轴套转动。
在轴套38和轴40之间形成一个环形座圈。适用的环形座圈包括固定在轴40上并且是轴40的一部分的内座圈44和46，和固定在轴套38上并且是轴套38的一部分的外座圈48和50。球轴承52、54、56和58设置在由座圈44、46、48和50形成的环形座圈轨道。参看图4，示出一个在轴套内的无电刷直流主轴电机，包括轴80、和带有用于支承磁盘的凸缘84的轴套82。这个轴有内座圈86和88而轴套有外座圈90和92。永磁块94和96固定在轴套82上。定子的线圈98和100固定到轴80上。本领域的技术人员已知的其它适用的主轴电机是，例如在专利US 5502605；4841393；5484119；4841393和5296981所述，其公开内容在本文中作为参考用于各种目的。
环形座圈填充有一种特殊的涂覆在球轴承上的润滑脂。这种润滑脂一般含有增稠剂、油、C1-10烷基二苯基胺和C1-10烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐。
这种润滑剂的第一种组分是一种油。适用的油包括酯油(例如合成酯油)和矿物油(例如聚α-烯油)。优选的油是一种酯油。这种酯油可以带有支链并可以带有某些未反应的羟基。适用的酯油是二-C1-10烷基(例如二辛基、二丁基、二乙己基)的癸二酸酯；C1-10羧酸的季戊四醇四酯；三-C1-6烷基和三羟甲基丙烷三庚酸酯。适用的酯油具有下列的分子式：C(CH2OOC(CH2)xCH3)4，式中x是1~10。优选的酯油是季戊四醇戊酯。这种润滑剂的第二种组分是C1-10烷基二芳胺。适用的胺是C2-10烷基化的二苯基胺和C2-10烷基化的苯基萘胺。优选的胺是C2-10烷基二苯基胺，例如二辛基二苯基胺。这种润滑剂的第三种组分是过渡金属的二C1-10烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐。一种适用的氨基甲酸盐是二戊基二硫代氨基甲酸锌。其它适用于氨基甲酸盐的过渡金属是铜、锌、锑和镉。这种润滑剂的最后一种组分是增稠剂。适用的增稠剂如脂肪酸盐和聚脲是本领域的技术人员已知的。适用的脂肪酸表面活性剂包括碱或碱土金属(例如锂、钠、钙、钡)的可任意地带有一个或多个羟基取代基的C10-26(优选C16-20)脂肪酸盐。优选的表面活性剂是羟基硬脂酸锂。其它表面活性剂包括碱金属的棕榈酸盐和碱金属的二十烷基酸锂(C20)。
润滑剂优选含有大约等摩尔量的胺和氨基甲酸盐组分，例如
Figure C9810772200061
是约0.40～0.60，优选约0.45～0.55，更优选约0.48～0.52，最优选约0.5。总的胺和氨基甲酸盐的摩不数/油的升数比优选大于约0.015，更优选大于约0.02而小于约0.15，优选小约0.10，更优选小于约0.05。
令人惊异的是，这种润滑剂的协合作用能够不降低性能地使主轴电机长期地高速运转。对于本领域的技术人员已知的其它次要组分(例如小于5％重量)也可以加入该润滑剂里，例如抗氧化剂、金属减活化剂、抗摩擦剂、腐蚀抑制剂和本领域技术人员已知的其它添加剂。
以下的实施是本发明的详细说明。这些详细的说明属于上面较为一般描述的本发明的范围内，并且用于举例说明上面较为一般描述的本发明。这些实施例仅仅用于描述的目的，并不打算作为对本发明范围的限制。
实施例
做了几种润滑剂组合物的稳定性试验。每种组合物包括以下的组分：二戊基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、二辛基二苯基胺和酯油(季戊四醇四戊酸酯、己酸酯和庚酸酯的掺合物)。将5g含添加剂的这种油组合物放置在50ml的Pyrex烧杯里并且用锌箔盖住。在锌箔的中央一个5mm的孔可以进行定期取样用于油的分析。在一些试验中将清洁的球轴承浸没在这种油里。组合物用UV光谱测定法监测，在200～300nm之间没有测量出突现的吸收谱线。这些结果示于表1中。从这些结果中可以看出含有大约等摩尔量氨基甲酸盐和胺组分的组合物的稳定性表现出协合改进。表1
               摩尔/升    摩尔/升   摩尔
                                    馏份试验序号 球轴承  氨基甲酸胺   胺+氨基甲 DDA  生命期
                 盐         酸盐         (小时)
1 0 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 140
2 4 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.00 135
3 0 0.0109 0.0109 0.0218 0.50 4320
4 4 0.0047 0.0064 0.0111 0.57 630
5 4 0.0095 0.0127 0.0222 0.57 ＞1800
6 4 0.0009 0.0025 0.0035 0.73 730
7 4 0.0009 0.0025 0.0035 0.73 940
8 4 0.0024 0.0064 0.0087 0.73 470
9 4 0.0047 0.0127 0.0174 0.73 510
10 4 0.0095 0.0254 0.0349 0.73 570
11 4 0.0047 0.0254 0.0301 0.84 ppt216
12 4 0.0024 0.0127 0.0151 0.84 610
13 4 0.0091 0.0610 0.0700 0.87 ppt216
虽然本发明已经用特定的实施例予以描述，其描述细节并不构成对它的限定，因为很明显各个实施例、改变和改进都可以不脱离本发明的精神和范围，因而可以理解这些等价的实施例被确定为在本发明的范围内。

Claims (10)

1、润滑剂，包含增稠剂、油、C1-10烷基二芳胺和过渡金属的C1-10烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐，其特征在于胺的摩尔数/油的升数/胺和氨基甲酸盐的摩尔数/油的升数是约0.40-0.60，胺和氨基甲酸盐的摩尔数/油的升数是0.015-0.15。
2、权利要求1的润滑剂，其特征在于增稠剂是碱金属的羟基硬脂酸盐。
3、权利要求2的润滑剂，其特征在于油是酯油。
4、权利要求3的润滑剂，其特征在于C1-10烷基二芳胺是C2-10二烷基二苯基胺或C2-10二烷基苯基萘基胺。
5、权利要求3的润滑剂，其特征在于烷基二芳胺是二辛基二苯基胺。
6、权利要求3的润滑剂，其特征在于过渡金属选自锌、铜、锡、锑或镉。
7、权利要求6的润滑剂，其特征在于二硫代氨基甲酸盐是二戊基二硫代氨基甲酸锌。
8、权利要求3的润滑剂，其特征在于酯油是二-C1-10烷基癸二酸酯、季戊四醇四C1-10链烷酸酯、偏苯三酸三酯或三羟甲基丙烷三庚酸酯。
9、权利要求8的润滑剂，其特征在于酯油是季戊四醇四C2-8烷基链烷酸酯。
10、用于磁记录装置里的主轴电机，包括：一主轴，一转子和位于主轴和转子之间的多个轴承，其特征在于轴承涂覆了润滑剂，润滑剂包含增稠剂、油、C1-10烷基二芳胺和过渡金属的C1-10烷基二硫代氨基甲酸盐，其中胺的摩尔数/油的升数/胺和氨基甲酸盐的摩尔数/油的升数约0.40-0.60，胺和氨基甲酸盐的摩尔数/油的升数是0.015-0.15。
CN98107722A 1997-03-26 1998-02-25 改进的主轴电机 Expired - Fee Related CN1068626C (zh)

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