CN106860485A - 治疗失智症的活性物质、含其的组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
治疗失智症的活性物质、含其的组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106860485A CN106860485A CN201610002997.3A CN201610002997A CN106860485A CN 106860485 A CN106860485 A CN 106860485A CN 201610002997 A CN201610002997 A CN 201610002997A CN 106860485 A CN106860485 A CN 106860485A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- hericium
- preparation
- hedgehog hydnum
- mycelium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 240000000588 Hericium erinaceus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 235000007328 Hericium erinaceus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000577951 Hydnum Species 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 241000123222 Hericium Species 0.000 claims description 53
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 40
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 34
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 102100021496 Insulin-degrading enzyme Human genes 0.000 claims description 19
- 108090000828 Insulysin Proteins 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000289669 Erinaceus europaeus Species 0.000 claims 9
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 244000060234 Gmelina philippensis Species 0.000 description 63
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 33
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 32
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 26
- 108090000028 Neprilysin Proteins 0.000 description 21
- 102000003729 Neprilysin Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 102000002659 Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010043324 Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N donepezil Chemical compound O=C1C=2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=2CC1CC(CC1)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 ADEBPBSSDYVVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010001336 Horseradish Peroxidase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 3
- 108010036933 Presenilin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000005013 brain tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000003832 immune regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010175 APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010064571 Gene mutation Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 101001123834 Homo sapiens Neprilysin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000000589 Interleukin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010002352 Interleukin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000013462 Interleukin-12 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010065805 Interleukin-12 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102100028782 Neprilysin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 208000008469 Peptic Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000222383 Polyporales Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000012412 Presenilin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000012419 Presenilin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010036908 Presenilin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940039856 aricept Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940098773 bovine serum albumin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000023652 chronic gastritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003920 cognitive function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC(N=C=S)=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009871 nonspecific binding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000011906 peptic ulcer disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 2
- YQAQVNZGKXQJMK-ACIBSNEHSA-N (1S,2R,5R,10R,16R,19S,20R,21R)-14,16,20-trihydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-8-propan-2-yl-18,22-dioxahexacyclo[17.2.1.02,10.05,9.013,21.016,20]docosa-8,13-dien-15-one Chemical compound CC(C)C1=C2[C@H]3CCC4=C(O)C(=O)[C@@]5(O)CO[C@H]6O[C@@H]([C@@H]4[C@@]56O)[C@]3(C)CC[C@@]2(C)CC1 YQAQVNZGKXQJMK-ACIBSNEHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLGYVWRJIZPQMM-HHHXNRCGSA-N 2-azaniumylethyl [(2r)-2,3-di(dodecanoyloxy)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OCCN)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC ZLGYVWRJIZPQMM-HHHXNRCGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000044 Amnesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000013455 Amyloid beta-Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010090849 Amyloid beta-Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710137189 Amyloid-beta A4 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710151993 Amyloid-beta precursor protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022704 Amyloid-beta precursor protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010039627 Aprotinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPPCHLAEVDUIIW-NLLUTMDRSA-N Erinacine A Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC(=CC=C2C3=C(CC[C@]3(C)CC[C@]21C)C(C)C)C=O)[C@@H]1OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LPPCHLAEVDUIIW-NLLUTMDRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000959662 Hydnaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021033 Hypomenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026350 Inborn Genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010056677 Nerve degeneration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029260 Neuroblastoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N Rivastigmine Chemical compound CCN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC([C@H](C)N(C)C)=C1 XSVMFMHYUFZWBK-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000005157 Somatostatin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010056088 Somatostatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005718 Stomach Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007107 Stomach Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004922 Vigna radiata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010721 Vigna radiata var radiata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011469 Vigna radiata var sublobata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SSCDRSKJTAQNNB-WVZYQCMWSA-N [3-[2-aminoethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl]oxypropyl] (9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCCN)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCC SSCDRSKJTAQNNB-WVZYQCMWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZHSAHHDTRWUTF-SIQRNXPUSA-N amyloid-beta polypeptide 42 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C(C)C)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DZHSAHHDTRWUTF-SIQRNXPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001004 anti-acetylcholinic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004405 aprotinin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003925 brain function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003413 degradative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000000718 duodenal ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001378 electrochemiluminescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930191277 erinacine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- LPPCHLAEVDUIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N erinacine A Natural products CC12CCC3(C)CCC(C(C)C)=C3C1=CC=C(C=O)CC2OC1OCC(O)C(O)C1O LPPCHLAEVDUIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940108366 exelon Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N galanthamine Chemical group O1C(=C23)C(OC)=CC=C2CN(C)CC[C@]23[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)C=C2 ASUTZQLVASHGKV-JDFRZJQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010017758 gastric cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000005917 gastric ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000016361 genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011539 homogenization buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008980 hyperinsulinism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000147 hypnotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002991 immunohistochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003364 immunohistochemistry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZPNFWUPYTFPOJU-LPYSRVMUSA-N iniprol Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H]2CSSC[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=4C=CC(O)=CC=4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=4C=CC=CC=4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=4C=CC(O)=CC=4)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=4C=CC=CC=4)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC2=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H]2N(CCC2)C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N2[C@@H](CCC2)C(=O)N3)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZPNFWUPYTFPOJU-LPYSRVMUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960003130 interferon gamma Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940117681 interleukin-12 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000863 loss of memory Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012533 medium component Substances 0.000 description 1
- BUGYDGFZZOZRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N memantine Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3(C)CC1(C)CC2(N)C3 BUGYDGFZZOZRHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004640 memantine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011201 multiple comparisons test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000822 natural killer cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010149 post-hoc-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001965 potato dextrose agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009758 senescence Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N somatostatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000553 somatostatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004989 spleen cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000011549 stomach cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003956 synaptic plasticity Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
- A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/56—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种治疗失智症的活性物质、其制备方法、含其的医药组合物及该医药组合物的制备方法。该活性物质的制备方法是透过平板培养、烧瓶培养、发酵槽培养的方式制备,而得到粉末形态的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质。该猴头菇菌丝体粉末可进一步以醇类溶剂进行萃取获得醇萃物,再进一步纯化分离,获得猴头素A与猴头素S。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗失智症的活性物质、其制备方法、含其的医药组合物及该医药组合物的制备方法,尤指一种包含猴头菇菌丝体活性物质的医药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
阿兹海默氏症(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)
随着社会的人口老化比例增高,罹患失智症的人口也跟着增加。失智症并非特指一种疾病,但约半数以上的比例为阿兹海默氏症。阿兹默氏症的患者会丧失辨识能力,丧失记忆、失去方向感、改变行为习性、妄想症、失去自制等等病状。此疾病最为广泛被接受的致病原因为类淀粉蛋白质在脑部积累造成神经退化。此疾病主要分为两大类,一为家族性阿兹海默氏症,另一则为偶发性阿兹海默氏症。详述如下:
家族性阿兹海默氏症为遗传性疾病,其病患在21号染色体amyloid precursorprotein(APP)、14号染色体Presenilin 1(PS1)、以及1号染色体Presenilin 2(PS2)上有突变。上述的基因突变会造成类淀粉蛋白质Aβ42的合成量增加,进而提高拥有该等基因突变者罹患阿兹海默氏症的机率。
偶发性阿兹海默氏症较为常见,通常好发于65岁以上的老年人,但有少数患者其发病是在65岁以前,就属于早发性阿兹海默氏症。
类淀粉蛋白质(Amyloid beta,Aβ)
类淀粉蛋白质主要是由穿膜蛋白类淀粉蛋白质前驱物(amyloid precursor protein,APP)经由β-分泌酵素(β-secretase)及γ-分泌酵素(γ-secretase)连续切割后,所产生的代谢产物。该代谢产物常见有Aβ40及Aβ42。其中,Aβ42结构为疏水性,容易相互聚集,因此降低对于Aβ42的清除量或是增加Aβ42的生成量,皆会导致有毒性寡聚物(oligomer)的生成,进而增加神经细胞的氧化压力,造成神经细胞产生发炎反应、神经讯息传递异常及钙离子调节失去平衡等等情况。最终会导致神经细胞启动凋亡机制,造成认知记忆等功能受损。
脑部类淀粉蛋白质降解路径
在正常的生理状态下,Aβ在一旦生成后会立即被酵素分解,以避免造成Aβ的过度积累,造成脑部神经元的受损。降解Aβ的酵素有胰岛素降解酶(insulin-degradingenzyme,IDE)以及脑啡肽酶(Neprilysin又称为neutral endopeptidase(NEP)或是membrane metallo-endopeptidase(MME))。
胰岛素降解酶于1994年被学者发现若在高胰岛素的生理环境下,胰岛素会与Αβ竞争IDE,造成Αβ的降解路径受阻,使Αβ过度堆积而产生神经毒性,说明胰岛素降解酶除了有降解胰岛素的能力外,亦能降解Αβ(Kurochkin&Goto,1994)。
脑啡肽酶是编码于MME基因的酵素(因此又称为membranemetallo-endopeptidase,MME),其可透过水解胜肽链的氨基酸疏水端,使特定的胜肽贺尔蒙去活化。先前研究指出,若减少年老者大脑中生长激素抑制素(somatostatin)的产生,则会造成Neprilysin的活性被抑制,进而促成未经处理的Αβ的积累。Neprilysin在大脑中的表现量并不高,但其相关于突触可塑性及记忆等功能,因此对大脑的生理功能与作用物质有一定的影响。
阿兹海默治疗药物
目前的阿兹海默氏症的治疗,针对病因、认知功能或情绪症状的控制有不同的药物治疗,然皆仅能暂时改善阿兹海默氏症的病状,但该些药物无法有效治愈阿兹海默症。详述如下:
病因性治疗目的在于防止或减少神经纤维纠结及类淀粉蛋白质的形成,但目前仍无有效控制药物或方法。
认知功能药物是抗乙酰胆碱水解酵素,针对中重度的患者,目前卫生署许可的药物有爱忆欣(aricept),忆思能(exelon)、利忆灵(reminyl)、忆必佳(ebixa)。
由于大多数的失智症患者在病程中会伴随行为或情绪等症况,例如失眠、易怒、幻觉、妄想等,因此有行为及情绪症状的治疗,该等治疗药物是安眠药、抗郁剂、情绪安定剂及抗精神药物、抗癫痫药物等。但其效益并不高,且有增加死亡率的风险,因此并不建议施用。
猴头菇
根据《中国药用真菌》的记载:猴头菇味甘、性平、能利五脏、助消化、滋补、对消化不良、神经衰退与十二指肠溃疡及胃溃疡有良好的功效。由此可知在古代医学上已知猴头菇具有治疗疾病的效果,为药膳两用菌。猴头菇学名Hericium erinaceus,其分类于真菌界(Fungi)、真菌门(Eumycota)、担子菌亚门(Basidiomycotina)、担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes)、非褶菌目(Aphyllophorales)、齿菌科(Hydnaceae)、猴头菌亚科(Hericioideae)中的猴头菌属(Hericium)。猴头菇在外型上,其子实体外形由长条粗糙的突起组成,而成软圆形状,新鲜时成白色,干燥过后则变为黄褐色。猴头菇子实体或菌丝体中抽出物中含有醣类(Wang et al.,2001;Yang et al.,2003)、猴头素(Erinacines)(Saito et al.,1998;Kenmoku et al.,2002;Kenmoku et al.,2004;Watanabe et al.,2007;Watanabe and Nakada,2008;Lee et al.,2014;Li et al.,2014)、双亚麻油酸磷酯乙烯胺(dilinoleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine,DLPE)(Nagai etal.,2006)、胺基酸、蛋白质及微量元素(Jia et al.,2004)。在过去文献记载中,不乏是猴头菇多醣体具有免疫调解、降血脂、降血糖或是抑制胃部发炎及胃癌的产生的效果。猴头菇是药膳两用菌。研究证实猴头菇多醣(hericium erinaceus polysaccharide)具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长,以RAW264.7巨噬细胞为免疫调解探讨,发现猴头菇水萃取物10g/ml可诱导NO(nitric oxide)、IL1(interleukin-1)表现,且证实是透过增加NF-Kb(nuclear factor kB)结合活性,以达到免疫调解作用(Son,C.G.,etal.Int.Immunol.,1363-13692006),且猴头菇水萃取物浓度为10及100g/ml,亦可增进脾脏细胞的活性,诱导INF-γ(interferon-gamma)、IL-12(interleukin-12)的表现,进而活化自然杀手细胞(Yim,M.H et al.,Acta Pharmacol 901-9072007)。猴头菇含多胜肽类、酚类及其衍生物,除了可增加体内免疫功能,提高淋巴细胞活性,可诱导细胞因子及产生抗体。临床试验中,给予猴头菇药片于慢性胃炎,消化性溃疡病人每天三次,一次3片持续60天,慢性胃炎病人痊愈率为88.89%,消化性溃疡病人痊愈率为84.62%,总疗效可达87.5%。(潘超雄等人海南医学院学报第27卷,第六期,260-2612004)。目前未有文献指出猴头菇多醣或其二级代谢物可以治疗阿兹海默症的相关机制探讨。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种猴头菇活性物质的制备方法,其可用于制成治疗失智症的活性物质。
为达到前述目的,本发明提供的猴头菇活性物质的制备方法包含以下的步骤:
(a)取猴头菇菌丝体接种于平板上,于温度15-32℃下培养8-16天;
(b)将步骤(a)培养的猴头菇菌丝体接种于烧瓶培养基,并于温度20-30℃及pH值4.5-6.5下,培养3-5天;
(c)将步骤(b)培养的猴头菇菌丝体接种于发酵槽培养基,并于温度24-32℃及pH值4.5-5.5下,培养8-16天,取得猴头菇菌丝体发酵液;
(d)将步骤(c)的该猴头菇菌丝体发酵液进行干燥,获得猴头菇菌丝体粉末。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的步骤(b)的培养为震荡培养,其震荡速率为100-250rpm。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的步骤(c)中发酵槽的槽压为0.8-1.2kg/cm2,搅拌速率为10-150rpm,且以通气速率为0.5-1vvm通入气体至发酵槽。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该气体为空气、氧气、二氧化碳、氮气或其组合。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的步骤(b)与步骤(c)中使用相同的培养基。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该培养基包含综合性碳氮源、动植物来源蛋白或其水解物、无机盐类、醣类、酵母、麦芽抽出物、消泡剂或其组合。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该综合性碳氮源为谷类或豆类;该无机盐类为硫酸盐类或磷酸盐类。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的步骤(d)的该猴头菇菌丝体粉末进一步利用醇类溶剂萃取,获得猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该醇类溶剂为30-100v/v%的乙醇或30-100v/v%的甲醇。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物进一步利用水及乙酸乙酯萃取,再以管柱色层分析,获得猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
较佳地,前述制备方法中的该猴头菇菌丝体活性物质为猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
本发明又提供一种治疗失智症的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质,以如前述所述的方法制备而成。
较佳地,前述活性物质用前述方法制备时,其中该猴头菇活性物质可以为粉末的形态。
较佳地,前述活性物质用前述方法制备时,其中该猴头菇活性物质也可以为醇萃物的形态。
较佳地,前述活性物质用前述方法制备时,其中该猴头菇活性物质为猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
较佳地,前述活性物质是通过增加酵素使蛋白质分解以治疗该失智症。
较佳地,该酵素为胰岛素降解酶(IDE)。
较佳地,该蛋白质为类淀粉蛋白质。
较佳地,该类淀粉蛋白质为Aβ40、Aβ42、Aβ36、Aβ37、Aβ38、Aβ39、Aβ41或Aβ43。
较佳地,该失智症为阿兹海默氏症。
本发明另外提供一种治疗失智症的医药组合物,其包含如前所述的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质以及生物可接受的载剂、赋形剂、稀释剂或辅剂。
本发明再提供一种制备用于治疗失智症的医药组合物的方法,其包含有效量的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质以及生物可接受的载剂、赋形剂、稀释剂或辅剂。
较佳地,该猴头菇菌丝体活性物质是用前述部分方法制备而成。
较佳地,该猴头菇菌丝体活性物质是包含猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
本发明还提供了上述猴头菇菌丝体活性物质在制备治疗失智症的医药组合物中的应用。
附图说明
图1为实施例3中,含猴头素A样品的HPLC分析结果。
图2为实施例4中,含猴头素S样品的HPLC分析结果。
图3为实施例6中,用免疫浸润分析小鼠脑均质液中IDE和NEP的含量比例。其中,A为以荧光影像分析仪所侦测到的荧光讯号;B及C为该讯号经软件分析后IDE及NEP的含量;C为小鼠脑中NEP的含量。
图4为实施例7中,以免疫组织化学分析小鼠脑组织中的类淀粉蛋白质斑块截面积。其中,A为以荧光显微镜所侦测到的小鼠脑中类淀粉蛋白斑块负荷的荧光影像;B为该影像的荧光讯号经软件分析后的类淀粉蛋白斑块面积占脑切片面积的百分比。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的在于提供一种医药组合物及其制备方法,透过该制备方法得到的医药组合物可含有各种形态的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质,且该医药组合物可通过增加胰岛素降解酶,以分解类淀粉蛋白质,达到治疗失智症的目的。
实验方法
菌种来源:
本发明实施例所用的猴头菇(Hericium erinaceus)菌种,购自于食品工业研究(BCRC 35669),但本发明所述的猴头菇活性物质不限于由此菌种所得。
液体培养:
猴头菇菌丝体的液体培养方式如下,其包括将菌丝体接种于平板上,于适当温度如15-32℃下培养约14天。接着,刮取菌丝并接种于烧瓶内,且使用下列培养基,在20-30℃、pH 4.5-6.5、振荡速率100-250rpm的下振荡培养到log期初期,3-5天。最后,将烧瓶培养物接种于发酵槽培养基(同烧瓶培养基)内,在24-32℃,槽压0.8-1.2kg/cm2,及pH约4.5-5.5,以0.5-1vvm通气速率通入空气或空气与氧气,二氧化碳或氮气的混合物,较佳者为空气,在10-150rpm搅拌速率下培养8-16天,即得猴头菇菌丝体发酵液,其包括菌丝体与澄清液。
培养基配方如下:
其中该综合性碳氮源可为谷类(如:麦粉、麸皮类)或豆类(如:黄豆粉、绿豆粉、大豆粉等);其中该无机盐类可为硫酸镁、磷酸氢二钾、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸铁、硫酸锌等;其中该醣类可为葡萄糖、果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖等;其中,除上述成分外其余为水。
于发酵槽培养基中可额外添加消泡剂以抑制于培养过程中大量泡沫的生成,其中该消泡剂可为市售的常用消泡剂,如0.01%消泡剂如含硅油、硅树脂的水性消泡剂。具体实施例的培养方法详述如下。
活性物质的制备与分析
将上述所得的发酵液进行干燥,即可得到粉末状的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质,干燥的方式可例举如喷雾干燥、热风干燥、滚筒干燥、冷冻干燥、或其他可适用于本发明的干燥方法。较佳的是实行冷冻干操法,故所得的粉末状的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质即为菌丝体冻干粉。进一步将该冻干粉以醇类溶剂萃取,可得到猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物。
该等醇萃物通过水与乙酸乙酯以不同比例的方式进行萃取,将所得乙酸乙酯层再以管柱色层分析,得到含猴头素A与猴头素S的样品。将该含猴头素A或猴头素S的样品,以HPLC与标准品比对进行定性分析。
动物实验
购入具特定模式的基因转殖小鼠,待饲养至特定月龄后,将该等小鼠分组,并在一固定期间内连续每天定量喂食猴头菇活性物质。待喂食期间过后,将小鼠牺牲,并透过冷冻切片以取得脑切片,再通过免疫组织化学侦测的方式,观察类淀粉蛋白质在脑切片的分布情形。另一方面,取牺牲后小鼠的脑均质液进行西方墨点法,以电泳将均质液中的物质分离,再透过抗体与所欲侦测的特定蛋白质结合,即可定量均质液中所含的特定蛋白质。
实施例1:猴头菇菌丝体的培养与其活性物质的制备
平板培养:
将菌丝体接种于平板培养基上,使用马铃薯糊精培养基(Potato Dextrose Agar,PDA),于25℃下培养约7天。
烧瓶培养:
刮取平板上的菌丝接种于烧瓶内,用下列培养基,在约26℃、pH 5.0、于转速120rpm震荡机上,震荡培养5天;
培养基配方:
发酵槽培养:
发酵槽培养所使用的培养基成分同烧瓶培养步骤,将烧瓶培养物接种于发酵槽培养基内,在26℃、槽压0.5-1.0kg/cm2、pH 5.0、10-150rpm搅拌速度或不搅拌(air lift)的情况下,以0.5-1.0vvm通气速率通入空气,培养12天。12天后,便取得发酵液,该发酵液中包括菌丝体与澄清液,并含有具治疗失智症效果的猴头菇活性物质。
实施例2:猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉的制备
该发酵液进行冷冻干燥后,即可得猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉(简称冻干粉),而20吨的发酵液在经冷冻干燥处理后,可得约80公斤的冻干粉。
实施例3:猴头素A的萃取与分析
将猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉加入为冻干粉10倍重量的甲醇进行第一次萃取,接着利用超音波震荡萃取一小时,取悬浮液进行离心,离心后取上清液。将该残渣以甲醇进行第二次萃取,重复上述萃取步骤,取得上清液。最后将该上清液经减压浓缩,得膏状的猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物。
将猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物经由水与乙酸乙酯以1:1的比例进行液液分配萃取,所得的乙酸乙酯层再以硅胶管柱色层分析,以正己烷/乙酸乙酯进行梯度冲提,得到12个分层,第9个分层再以硅胶管柱色层分析,以正己烷/丙酮进行梯度冲提,而得到含化合物猴头素A(erinacine A)的样品,再以HPLC做定性定量分析,其分析方式如下:以逆向层析管柱Cosmosil 5C18-AR-II在40℃下,用起始比例40:60的2%(v/v)醋酸及甲醇冲提,在20分钟内逐渐提升甲醇至90%(v/v),流速1ml/min,UV侦测波长为340nm,猴头素A滞留时间为17.7分钟。该HPLC分析结果显示于图1(标示为猴头素A标准品)。图1中,上面的曲线为猴头素A标准品(猴头素A的标准品是申请人经由上述方式制备的标准品,以作为萃取物成分中,猴头素A的定量依据),图1下面的曲线则为含猴头素A的样品。由图1的结果可知,含猴头素A的样品于3及17.7分钟有波峰出现,猴头素A的标准品则在17.7分钟出现波峰,两相比较后可以确认17.7分钟出现的波峰即属猴头素A,故猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉醇萃物确实具有猴头素A的活性物质,而该含猴头素A的样品中的猴头素A的定量结果为223ppm。
实施例4:猴头素S的萃取与分析
将猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉加入为冻干粉25倍重量的95v/v%乙醇进行第一次萃取,接着利用超音波震荡以震荡速率120rpm萃取一小时,取悬浮液进行离心,离心后取上清液。将该上清液以85v/v%乙醇进行第二次萃取,重复上述萃取步骤,取得一上清液。最后将该上清液经减压浓缩,得膏状的猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物。
将猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物经由水与乙酸乙酯以1:4的比例进行液液分配萃取,所得的乙酸乙酯层再以硅胶及LH-20硅胶管柱色层分析,以正己烷/乙酸乙酯进行梯度冲提,得到7个分层,第3个分层(正己烷/乙酸乙酯为3:2)再以LH-20硅胶管柱色层分析而得到含化合物猴头素S(erinacine S)的样品,再以HPLC做定性定量分析,其分析方式如下:以Cosmosil 5C18-AR-II管柱在40℃下,用乙腈起始60%(v/v)冲提,在20分钟内逐渐提升乙腈至65%(v/v),流速1ml/min,波长为290nm,猴头素S约出现于14分钟。该HPLC分析结果显示于图2。图2中上面的曲线为猴头素标准品(猴头素S的标准品是申请人自行制备的标准品,以作为后续萃取物成分中,是否含有猴头素S的判断依据),图2下面的曲线则为含猴头素S的样品。由图2的结果可知,含猴头素S的样品于14.827分钟有波峰出现,其和猴头素S的标准品在相同时间点出现波峰,故可以确认14.827分钟出现的波峰即属猴头素S,故猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉醇萃物确实具有猴头素S的活性物质,而该含猴头素S的样品中猴头素S的定量结果为32ppm。
前段落所述的化合物猴头素S为申请人所新发现的化合物,该化合物的化学结构与制备方法请参考专利文献:中国台湾专利申请号:104121632。
通过NMR得出猴头素S氢谱与碳谱,如下表:
实施例5:实验动物模式与猴头菇菌丝体活性物质的喂食
从美国杰克森实验室(Jackson Laboratory,No.005864)购入APP/PS1的基因转殖小鼠,该小鼠具有瑞典型突变位点(Swedish KM594/595NL)的人鼠嵌合型APP基因(Mo/Hu APP695)和具有第9个外显子(dE9)突变的人PS1基因。在上述两种基因的共同作用下,会加速类淀粉蛋白质的产生和积累,而使得该小鼠在老年期会出现认知功能障碍等异常,而能模拟阿兹海默氏症的病理特征与病程,是研究阿兹海默氏症常用的实验小鼠模式。
该基因转殖鼠的饲养与实验程序皆依照卫生福利部国家中医药研究所实验动物照护及使用委员会通过动物使用程序(IACUC No:100-A-04and 102-417-3)来进行。将该小鼠饲养于长宽高30(W)×20(D)×10(H)公分的透明塑料笼中,而该塑料笼则在室温20-25℃和湿度60-70%的无尘自动控制室中。其中该自动控制室以自动定时器控制光照周期,07:00~19:00属于黑暗期(dark period),19:00~07:00属于光照期(lightperiod)。在此饲养期间皆正常供应饮食及饮水。
已知在上述环境下的6月龄APP/PS1基因转殖鼠模式的脑部类淀粉蛋白质斑已明显可见,因此在该小鼠饲养至5月龄后,随机分组进行喂食猴头菇活性物质的实验。将实施例3及实施例4中取得的猴头素A与猴头素S以胃管的方式分别喂食该小鼠,每天喂食一次,每次喂食剂量以小鼠体重每公斤为30毫克,连续喂食30天。
实施例6:猴头菇菌丝体活性物质对酵素的影响
以上述步骤喂食猴头菇活性物质的5月龄小鼠,在30天喂食完成后,取出其脑组织,以Dounce Tissue Grinders将脑组织在均质缓冲液(320mM sucrose,2mMEDTA,20mM Tris-HCl(pH 7.4),1mM PMSF,5g/ml aprotinin)中。制备脑均质液。将该脑均质液(含30μg蛋白质)进行西方墨点法以得知喂食猴头菇活性物质是否会影响小鼠脑部的酵素含量。首先,透过胶体电泳将该脑均质液中的蛋白质进行分离,接着将胶体上的蛋白质转渍至聚偏二氟乙烯(poly vinylidene fluoride,PVDF)膜上。该转渍有蛋白质的PVDF膜浸于阻断缓冲液(PBS含3%normal donkey serum,1%BSA和0.3%Triton X-100)中,以阻断非特异性结合。再将上述PVDF膜浸于作为一级抗体的兔子抗脑啡肽酶抗体(abbit anti-NEP antibody(Millipore))和兔子抗胰岛素降解酶抗体(rabbit anti-IDE antibody(Millipore))中过夜。以PBS缓冲液冲洗PVDF膜,将一级抗体洗去,再浸泡于作为二级抗体的山葵过氧化酶共轭的抗兔子IgG抗体(anti-rabbit IgG antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase(HRP)(GEHealthcare))和山葵过氧化酶共轭的抗小鼠IgG抗体(anti-mouse IgG antibodyconjugated with HRP(Jackson ImmunoResearch))中2小时。最后,以冷光反应剂(Enhanced chemiluminescence detection reagents(GE Healthcare))与荧光影像分析仪(Fujifilm LAS-3000Luminescent Image Analyzer(Tokyo,Japan)),侦测蛋白质的讯号,并通过事后检定Bonferroni多重比较测定的标准偏差分析软件(analysis of variance(ANOVA)with post-hoc Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests)以分析蛋白质讯号,并该等分析结果以平均值±标准偏差(mean±standard deviation(S.D.))表示。
上述实验结果显示于图3,其中图3中的A为以荧光影像分析仪所侦测到的荧光讯号,图3中的B及C为该讯号经软件分析后IDE及NEP的含量。图3中的A,由左至右分别有三个组别,依序为对照组、喂食猴头素A、以及喂食猴头素S:这三个实验小鼠的组别分别侦测三种蛋白质,图中由上至下依序为脑啡肽酶(NEP)、胰岛素降解酶(IDE)、以及肌动蛋白(actin)。从图3中的A可得知,喂食猴头素A与S和对照组相比,其NEP的讯号强度类似,说明小鼠脑内的NEP含量并未因为实猴头素A与S而有明显改变;但喂食猴头素A与S的小鼠的IDE的讯号强度,明显强于对照组的讯号强度,说明喂食猴头素A与S对小鼠脑中IDE的含量有正向的关。图3中的B,将对照组的IDE含量设定为百分百,喂食猴头素A与S的IDE含量与对照组相较皆有显著的提升,在扣除以对照组为百分百的IDE含量后,其提升比例分别为141.1±63.7%与130.5±68.9%。反观图3中的C,其显示的是小鼠脑中NEP的含量,同样将对照组的含量设为百分百,但喂食猴头素A与S的组别与其NEP含量与控制相组比较,并未有显著的差异。此实验结果说明喂食猴头素A与S对于脑中的NEP的含量并未有明显的影响,而主要是对IDE含量有明显提升的效果。
实施例7:类淀粉蛋白质在小鼠脑部的积累分析
上述步骤喂食猴头菇活性物质的5月龄小鼠,在30天喂食完成后,以酸碱值7.4(pH 7.4)的生理食盐水灌流心脏牺牲,并取出小鼠的脑部进行免疫组织的分析,以了解类淀粉蛋白在小鼠脑中的分布。首先,将取出的小鼠脑切块浸于4℃的4%甲醛水溶液中18小时,再浸于蔗糖溶液中以保护经冷冻处理的组织,接着通过自动浮动刀片切割脑部,得到厚度为30μm的脑切片。将该切片浸泡于阻断缓冲液(PBS缓冲液含3%标准驴血清(normal donkey serum)、1%牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albumin,BSA)和0.3%Triton X-100)中6分钟,以阻断非特异性结合。再将上述切片浸于小鼠抗-Aβ1-16抗体(AB10,1:300,Millipore)浸泡16小时,并以荧光异硫氰酸盐共轭的驴抗小鼠抗体(Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG)于室温下的暗室中反应2小时。最后以含0.01%Triton X-100的PBS缓冲液冲洗切片,再以封片胶Aqua Poly/Mount(Polyscience Inc.,Warrington,PA,USA)完成小鼠脑部组织贴片。将该组织贴片以Zeiss LSM 780共轭焦荧光显微镜(Jena,Germany)分析免疫组织化学的荧光影像,再以Image J software分析类淀粉蛋白质在脑部的沉积量。
上述实验结果显示于图4,其中图4中的A为以荧光显微镜所侦测到的小鼠脑中类淀粉蛋白斑块负荷的荧光影像(绿色亮点),可以观察到小鼠喂以猴头素A(HE-A)和猴头素S(HE-S)后,其类淀粉蛋白斑块明显比喂食药物载体(vehicle)的小鼠少。图4中的B为该影像的荧光讯号经软件分析后的类淀粉蛋白斑块面积占脑切片面积的百分比。三个组别由左到右依序为对照组(vehicle)、喂食猴头素A(HE-A)、以及喂食猴头素S(HE-S)。喂食猴头素A与猴头素S的面积百分比明显减少,分别为40.2±15.2%和38.1±19.7%,说明喂食猴头素A与猴头素S后,会使得小鼠脑部的类淀粉蛋白质被分解,故能达到治疗阿兹海默氏症的效果。
综上所述,本发明提供的各类形态的猴头菇的活性物质,包含猴头菇菌丝体冻干粉、猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物、猴头素S或猴头素A,经实验证明具有增加IDE的功效,使得积累的类淀粉蛋白质得以被降解,而能达到治疗阿兹海默氏症的效果。依照本发明的方法可制备含有猴头菇活性物质的医药组合物,以广泛应用于治疗失智症的各项用途。
Claims (25)
1.一种治疗失智症的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质的制备方法,包含下列步骤:
(a)取猴头菇菌丝体接种于平板上,于温度15-32℃下培养8-16天;
(b)将步骤(a)培养的猴头菇菌丝体接种于烧瓶培养基,并于温度20-30℃及pH值4.5-6.5下,培养3-5天;
(c)将步骤(b)培养的猴头菇菌丝体接种于发酵槽培养基,并于温度24-32℃及pH值4.5-5.5下,培养8-16天,取得猴头菇菌丝体发酵液;
(d)将步骤(c)所述的猴头菇菌丝体发酵液进行干燥,获得猴头菇菌丝体粉末。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(b)的培养为震荡培养,其震荡速率为100-250rpm。
3.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(c)中发酵槽的槽压为0.8-1.2kg/cm2,搅拌速率为10-150rpm,且以通气速率为0.5-1vvm通入气体至发酵槽。
4.如权利要求3所述的制备方法,其中,所述气体为空气、氧气、二氧化碳、氮气或其组合。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,步骤(b)与步骤(c)中使用相同的培养基。
6.如权利要求5所述的制备方法,其中,所述培养基包含综合性碳氮源、动植物来源蛋白或其水解物、无机盐类、醣类、酵母、麦芽抽出物、消泡剂或其组合。
7.如权利要求6所述的制备方法,其中,所述综合性碳氮源为谷类或豆类;所述无机盐类为硫酸盐类或磷酸盐类。
8.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,将步骤(d)的所述猴头菇菌丝体粉末进一步利用醇类溶剂萃取,获得猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,所述醇类溶剂为30-100v/v%的乙醇或30-100v/v%的甲醇。
10.如权利要求8所述的制备方法,其中,将所述猴头菇菌丝体醇萃物进一步利用水及乙酸乙酯萃取,再以管柱色层分析,获得猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
11.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,所述猴头菇菌丝体活性物质为猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
12.一种治疗失智症的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质,是用权利要求1-10中任一项的方法制备而成。
13.如权利要求12所述的活性物质,其中,用权利要求1-7项中任一项的方法制备所述活性物质时,其中,所述猴头菇活性物质为粉末的形态。
14.如权利要求12所述的活性物质,其中,用权利要求8或9中任一项的方法制备所述活性物质时,所述猴头菇活性物质为醇萃物的形态。
15.如权利要求12所述的活性物质,其中,用权利要求10中的方法制备所述活性物质时,所述猴头菇活性物质包含猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
16.如权利要求12所述的活性物质,其是通过增加酵素使蛋白质分解以治疗失智症。
17.如权利要求16所述的活性物质,其中,所述酵素为胰岛素降解酶。
18.如权利要求16所述的活性物质,其中,所述蛋白质为类淀粉蛋白质。
19.如权利要求18所述的活性物质,其中,所述类淀粉蛋白质为Aβ40、Aβ42、Aβ36、Aβ37、Aβ38、Aβ39、Aβ41或Aβ43。
20.如权利要求16所述的活性物质,其中,所述失智症为阿兹海默氏症。
21.一种治疗失智症的医药组合物,其包含如权利要求12-20中任一项所述的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质以及生物可接受的载剂、赋形剂、稀释剂或辅剂。
22.一种制备用于治疗失智症的医药组合物的方法,其包含有效量的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质以及生物可接受的载剂、赋形剂、稀释剂或辅剂。
23.如权利要求22所述的方法,其中,所述猴头菇菌丝体活性物质包含如权利要求12-20中任一项所述的活性物质。
24.如权利要求22所述的方法,其中,所述猴头菇菌丝体活性物质包含猴头素S、猴头素A或其组合。
25.权利要求12-20任一项所述的猴头菇菌丝体活性物质在制备治疗失智症的医药组合物中的应用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
TW104141897A TWI605819B (zh) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | Active substance for treating dementia, preparation method thereof, pharmaceutical composition containing the same, and preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition |
TW104141897 | 2015-12-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106860485A true CN106860485A (zh) | 2017-06-20 |
CN106860485B CN106860485B (zh) | 2021-03-19 |
Family
ID=59239442
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201610002997.3A Active CN106860485B (zh) | 2015-12-14 | 2016-01-04 | 治疗失智症的活性物质、含其的组合物及其制备方法 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106860485B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI605819B (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109232683A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 北京康宝利华生物科技有限公司 | 一种二萜类化合物的制备方法和应用 |
CN111494435A (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-07 | 葡萄王生技股份有限公司 | 猴头菇菌丝体萃取物制备用于改善中枢神经系统髓鞘化的医药组合物的用途 |
CN112107603A (zh) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-22 | 鼎赫生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种猴头菇固态培养萃取物用于制备推迟老化及治疗阿兹海默症的组合物的用途 |
CN116115653A (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-16 | 葡萄王生技股份有限公司 | 猴头菇菌丝体活性物质用于制备预防或治疗视网膜病变的组合物的用途 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI716073B (zh) * | 2019-08-16 | 2021-01-11 | 行政院農業委員會農業試驗所 | 具抗氧化與延緩衰老功效之菇類萃取物的用途 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW201437371A (zh) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-10-01 | Grape King Inc | 一種用以防止猴頭菇菌絲體發酵過程中產生猴頭素a快速降解之培養方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-12-14 TW TW104141897A patent/TWI605819B/zh active
-
2016
- 2016-01-04 CN CN201610002997.3A patent/CN106860485B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW201437371A (zh) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-10-01 | Grape King Inc | 一種用以防止猴頭菇菌絲體發酵過程中產生猴頭素a快速降解之培養方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
何纯谊等: "猴头菌固态发酵小麦的萃取物对神经细胞生长的影响", 《食品与营养科学》 * |
刘耕陶: "《中药药理研究与药物创新》", 30 June 2006, 中国协和医科大学出版社 * |
闻大翔等: "《肌肉松弛药》", 30 June 2015, 世界图书上海出版公司 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109232683A (zh) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-01-18 | 北京康宝利华生物科技有限公司 | 一种二萜类化合物的制备方法和应用 |
CN111494435A (zh) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-07 | 葡萄王生技股份有限公司 | 猴头菇菌丝体萃取物制备用于改善中枢神经系统髓鞘化的医药组合物的用途 |
CN112107603A (zh) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-12-22 | 鼎赫生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种猴头菇固态培养萃取物用于制备推迟老化及治疗阿兹海默症的组合物的用途 |
CN116115653A (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-16 | 葡萄王生技股份有限公司 | 猴头菇菌丝体活性物质用于制备预防或治疗视网膜病变的组合物的用途 |
CN116115653B (zh) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-05-10 | 葡萄王生技股份有限公司 | 猴头菇菌丝体活性物质用于制备预防或治疗视网膜病变的组合物的用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201720453A (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
CN106860485B (zh) | 2021-03-19 |
TWI605819B (zh) | 2017-11-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106860485A (zh) | 治疗失智症的活性物质、含其的组合物及其制备方法 | |
CN1236817C (zh) | 新的微生物酶混合物 | |
Barsanti et al. | Paramylon, a potent immunomodulator from WZSL mutant of Euglena gracilis | |
DE112013006456T5 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellen eines Extrakts aus Kulturmedium von Ceriporia lacerata und dadurch hergestellte pharmazeutische Zusammensetzung zur Verhinderung oder Behandlung von diabetischen Erkrankungen und diabetischen Komplikationen, die einen Extrakt aus Kulturmedium von Ceriporia lacerata als aktiven Bestandteil enthält | |
JP2001169774A (ja) | 発芽活性化された赤色ガノデルマルシダム胞子及びその製造方法 | |
CN104797248B (zh) | 用于改善脑功能的组合物 | |
Noel et al. | Progressive photoreceptor dysfunction and age-related macular degeneration-like features in rp1l1 mutant zebrafish | |
Tsay et al. | EK100 and antrodin c improve brain amyloid pathology in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by promoting microglial and perivascular clearance pathways | |
Abdullah et al. | Bioreactor-grown exo-and endo-β-glucan from Malaysian Ganoderma lucidum: An in vitro and in vivo study for potential antidiabetic treatment | |
CN105209028B (zh) | 治疗脂肪肝疾病的方法 | |
Yamac et al. | Hypoglycemic effect of crude exopolysaccharides produced by Cerrena unicolor, Coprinus comatus, and Lenzites betulina isolates in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats | |
CN110200998A (zh) | 神经元来源外泌体的制备及其在治疗老年痴呆症中的应用 | |
CN106614158B (zh) | 一种医用水蛭高密度养殖方法 | |
CN109006175A (zh) | 一种快速培养蛹虫草子座的液体培养方法 | |
US20040087004A1 (en) | Process for producing a culture of antrodia camphorata and product obtained thereby | |
CN1436084A (zh) | 变应性疾病治疗剂及其制备方法 | |
JP3428356B2 (ja) | 生理活性物質及びその製造方法 | |
JP4602674B2 (ja) | マルターゼ阻害剤 | |
TW200526241A (en) | Processes for producing an antrodia camphorata culture having pharmacological activity, processes for obtaining A pharmacologically active composition from a culture of A. camphorata, products produced thereby and pharmaceutical compositions for ... | |
KR100963511B1 (ko) | 제2형 당뇨치료 효과가 있는 상황 버섯 균사체 유래의항당뇨 활성 세포외다당체 및 그 제조방법 | |
WO2008105583A1 (en) | Crude exopolysaccharides produced from tremella fuciformis mycellium having hypoglycemic activity and preparation method thereof | |
US6465218B1 (en) | Biologically active substance and process of preparing the same | |
CN1459316A (zh) | 植物基质 | |
JP7425429B2 (ja) | 自然免疫活性化剤の製造方法及び自然免疫活性化剤 | |
JP2004099613A (ja) | 自己免疫疾患治療用ガノデルマルシダム胞子 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |