CN106857229B - A kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm - Google Patents
A kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm Download PDFInfo
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- CN106857229B CN106857229B CN201710081672.3A CN201710081672A CN106857229B CN 106857229 B CN106857229 B CN 106857229B CN 201710081672 A CN201710081672 A CN 201710081672A CN 106857229 B CN106857229 B CN 106857229B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
A kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm of the present invention, belongs to technical field of crop propagation.Britain's wheat germplasm intermission seeding in greenhouse, domestic wheat germplasm is planted by normal sowing dates in selective nursery, cross combination is assembled, obtains hybrid seed by the present invention；By obtained hybrid seed intermission seeding in greenhouse, second is carried out in the domestic germplasm of selective nursery with plantation and hybridized, obtain the F1 generation seed of second of hybridization；By the plantation of F1 generation seed in selective nursery, selection and breeding are carried out.The method of the present invention, solve the problems, such as Britain's wheat germplasm and domestic wheat germplasm flowering asynchronism using greenhouse intermission seeding, utilize multiple hybridization and selection, and adjust the induction in selection and breeding step and Breeding Process, plantation, harvesting approach and selection and breeding environment, solve the problems, such as that Britain's wheat germplasm is difficult to carry out ripe phase and the plant height problem of breeding utilization and filial generation at home.Using the method for the present invention, multiple Super-high-yieldings, more anti-, wide adaptation type new variety of wheat have been selected（System）.
Description
Technical field
A kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm of the present invention, belongs to technical field of crop propagation.
Background technology
Wheat as most wide, cultivated area and the maximum crop of total trade volume is distributed in the world, to global food safety
It influences to be far above other crops, there are about 40% people using wheat as staple food in the whole world.In China, wheat area and yield account for entirely
1/4 or so of state cereal crops is one of China's Three major grain crops.
Current wheat breeding work is faced with formidable challenges, and should be continued to improve per unit area yield improving quality again, also to be carried
High water and fertilizer utilization rate and disease-resistant anti-adversity ability.But due to the available parent material shortage of breeding, the genetic similarity of new varieties increases
Add and the limitation of traditional breeding way, the difficulty for being bred as breakthrough varieties are further increasing.Excellent germ plasm resource is
The basis of breakthrough new varieties is cultivated, quality, quantity and the type diversity of germ plasm resource determine the success or failure of breeding work.With
The outstanding intermediate materials of current outstanding kind and self-fertile are parent and help to improve the adaptability of improved variety, but to formulate out
With hereditary innovative breakthrough new varieties, it is necessary to introduce the wheat germplasm that genetic background differs greatly, especially contain
The outstanding germplasm of different antigenic types.
Multiple cross over of China's Wheat Production benefits from the introduction to foreign wheat germplasm and utilization, either directly draws
Into the Ah husband and A Bo utilized, or " short Meng ox ", Shandong wheat 13 and Shandong wheat by carrying out genetic improvement incubation to Foreign Germplasms Used
14.The wheat breeding level of Britain is constantly in world forefront, and yield of wheat is horizontal high, and large area high yield plot can be in 800 public affairs
Pound/acre or more, and formulate out the global highest per unit area yield record of 16.52 tons/hectare.Not only yield level is high for Britain's wheat breed,
Wheat commodity food be mainly used for make bread, processing quality is excellent, and containing different from China's wheat germplasm excellent resistant,
There is adversity gene very high breeding utilization to be worth.
Since the breeding time of Britain's wheat germplasm reaches 300 days or more, heading stage compared with 15~20 days Shandong native breed evenings,
Flowering asynchronism, it is very difficult to utilize, even if hybridizing successfully, progeny material equally shows late-maturing, and in addition Britain's wheat germplasm is usual
Plant height is higher, grain color is red, and just because of these reasons, although domestic many units have introduced Britain's wheat germplasm, but all
It could not successfully utilize.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilization methods of Britain's wheat germplasm, solve Britain's wheat germplasm and are difficult in state
The problem of interior progress breeding utilization.
Technical solution
A kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm, includes the following steps：
（1）By Britain's wheat germplasm intermission seeding in greenhouse, domestic wheat germplasm is planted by normal sowing dates in seed selection
In garden, cross combination is assembled, obtains hybrid seed；
（2）By obtained hybrid seed intermission seeding in greenhouse, the domestic germplasm with plantation in selective nursery carries out second
Secondary hybridization obtains the F1 generation seed of second of hybridization；
（3）F1 generation seed is planted in selective nursery, if its heading stage and maturity period close to domestic wheat germplasm, are obtained
F2 is obtained for seed, harvesting approach is full line mixing harvest；Otherwise, F1 generation seed repeats step（2）, until its heading stage and maturation
Phase close domestic wheat germplasm；
（4）F2 is planted for seed using cell, sowing strain number is at 2000 plants or more, entire cell mixing harvest, from receipts
It obtains and chooses seed white, full, that grain weight is high in seed, obtain F3 for seed；Because Britain's wheat seed is red, F2 is for seed
Grain is the generation of a high separation, and grain color is the character by controlled by multiple genes, and white is negative character, in this generation
This character of the white-kernel selected, which can be stablized, entails offspring, therefore selects to select in this generation progress grain color sorting；Due to
The quantity of white-kernel is considerably less, to obtain more seed and reducing workload, therefore uses the pattern of cell plantation；This
The groundwork target of one generation is exactly to carry out the improvement of grain color；
（5）F3 is planted for seed in selective nursery, Single-plant selection, the list selected are carried out according to maturity period, plant height and yield
Strain carries out single plant threshing, obtains F4 for seed；
（6）F4 is planted for seed using plant, is carried out to the ripe phase of plant, economical character, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate single
It selects good strains in the field for seed and selects, the single plant selected carries out single plant threshing, obtains F5 for seed；Be measured to SPAD values and photosynthetic rate is to select
Go out that chlorophyll content in leaf blades is higher, the fast outstanding single plant material of photosynthetic rate；
（7）In F5 generations, are planted using plant, are carried out according to economical character, photosynthetic rate, basal internode length and straw stiffness
Selection, the uniline selected carry out full line harvest, and uniline threshing obtains F6 for seed；It is to select blade to measure photosynthetic rate
The fast outstanding single plant material of photosynthetic rate, measure basal internode length and straw stiffness be in order to identify the straw stiffness of single plant and
Lodging tolerance；
（8）F6 seeds carry out the identification of uniline multiple spot strange land, filter out the satisfactory new variety of wheat of overall target.
The above method, the intermission seeding refer to being divided to two more than the phase to be sowed, and 5- is divided between the sowing time of every two phase
15 days；Preferably, it was divided to for two phases sowed, is divided into 10 days between the sowing time.Solves Britain's wheat germplasm using greenhouse intermission seeding
The problem of with domestic wheat germplasm flowering asynchronism.
The above method, step（5）It is planted using uniline, grain is away from 5cm, line-spacing 33cm；
The above method, plant plantation refer to planting a line from one plant of upper seed harvested.
The above method carries out SPAD values and value in measuring photosynthesis using SPAD analyzers and photosynthetic instrument.
The above method, step（8）" identification of uniline multiple spot strange land " refers to that the seed harvested from a line is planted in multiple places.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention provides a kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm, solve Britain's wheat germplasm be difficult at home into
The problem of row breeding utilization.Solve asking for Britain's wheat germplasm and domestic wheat germplasm flowering asynchronism using greenhouse intermission seeding
Topic using multiple hybridization and selection, and adjusts the induction in selection and breeding step and Breeding Process, plantation, harvesting approach and selection and breeding ring
Border solves the problems, such as the ripe phase of filial generation and plant height.Using the method for the present invention, multiple Super-high-yieldings are selected, has resisted more, is wide
Suitable type new variety of wheat（System）.
Specific implementation mode
In conjunction with specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
1, high yield potential is reached into 13 tons/hectare, the Britain of a variety of Important Diseases in Wheat is resisted to be widely applied kind
Alchemy respectively at October 25 and November 5 bu two the phase be seeded in greenhouse, with Alchemy be female parent, select Resistant Gene To Rust and
The wheat germplasm rust-proofing 782 of powdery mildew is done male parent and is hybridized, and hybrid seed is obtained；
2, obtained hybrid seed is seeded in respectively at October 30 and two phase of 10 bu in November in greenhouse, utilizes plantation
Male parent is done in the high yield wide adaptation type kind Shandong original 502 of selective nursery and carries out second of hybridization, obtains the F1 generation seed of second of hybridization；
3, the plantation of F1 generation seed carries out field investigation and records in selective nursery to material；Its heading stage and maturity period are close
At the heading stage and maturity period of domestic wheat germplasm, its full line is harvested, and mix threshing, obtains F2 for seed；
4, in F2 generations, are planted using cell（1.5m × 8m, 6 row areas）, 2400 plants of strain number is sowed, entire cell mixing harvests,
By artificial selection, 50 grams of the seed white, full, grain weight is high is chosen from harvest seed；
5, in the F3 generations that grain color is white, are subjected to uniline plantation, often row plantation 80, grain amounts to 12 away from 5cm, line-spacing 33cm
Row carries out Single-plant selection according to maturity period, plant height and yield traits, selects normal outstanding single plant of ripe phase, and it is de- to carry out single plant
Grain obtains F4 seeds；
6, in F4 generations, are planted using plant, are recorded to the ripe phase of plant, economical character, and utilize SPAD analyzers and light
It closes instrument to be measured the SPAD values and photosynthetic rate in plant heading stage, florescence, pustulation period and maturity period, selects fine individual plant
Into next generation, and single plant threshing is carried out, obtains F5 seeds；
7, in F5 generations, are planted using plant, and investigation recording mode and F4 is for similar, according to Agronomic, photosynthetic rate survey
Fixed, basal internode length and straw stiffness measure, and select excellent uniline and carry out full line harvest, mix threshing, obtain F6 seeds；
8, F6 seeds are subjected to the identification of multiple spot strange land in testing sites such as Zhangqiu, Huantai, Yanzhou and Pingdus and carry out uniline multiple spot
It identifies in strange land（In F6 seeds, a line seed is planted in different location）, it is satisfactory to filter out the overall targets such as ripe phase, yield
New variety of wheat；
9, using this breeding method, new variety of wheat Shandong original 339 has been selected from the combination, the kind maturity period with
Jimai 22 is identical, white-kernel, and plant height 79cm, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, and comprehensive resistance is good, and three factor of yield is coordinated, and cell surveys production
Up to 695.74 kgs/acre, the volume increase of Jimai 22 10.39% is relatively compareed.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of utilization method of Britain's wheat germplasm, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）By Britain's wheat germplasm intermission seeding in greenhouse, domestic wheat germplasm is planted by normal sowing dates in selective nursery,
Cross combination is assembled, hybrid seed is obtained；
（2）By obtained hybrid seed intermission seeding in greenhouse, with plantation in the domestic germplasm of selective nursery carry out second it is miscellaneous
It hands over, obtains the F1 generation seed of second of hybridization；
（3）F1 generation seed is planted in selective nursery, if its heading stage and maturity period close to domestic wheat germplasm, obtain F2
For seed, harvesting approach is full line mixing harvest；Otherwise, F1 generation seed repeats step（2）, connect up to its heading stage and maturity period
Nearly country's wheat germplasm；
（4）F2 is planted for seed using cell, sowing strain number is at 2000 plants or more, entire cell mixing harvest, from harvest seed
Seed white, full, that grain weight is high is chosen in grain, obtains F3 for seed；
（5）F3 is planted for seed in selective nursery, Single-plant selection is carried out according to maturity period, plant height and yield, the single plant selected into
Row single plant threshing, obtains F4 for seed；
（6）F4 is planted for seed using plant, and single plant choosing is carried out to the ripe phase of plant, economical character, SPAD values and photosynthetic rate
It selects, the single plant selected carries out single plant threshing, obtains F5 for seed；
（7）In F5 generations, are planted using plant, are selected according to economical character, photosynthetic rate, basal internode length and straw stiffness,
The uniline selected carries out full line harvest, and uniline threshing obtains F6 for seed；
（8）F6 seeds carry out the identification of uniline multiple spot strange land, filter out the satisfactory new variety of wheat of overall target.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the intermission seeding refers to being divided to two more than the phase to be sowed,
It is divided into 5-15 days between the sowing time of every two phase.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, be divided to for two phases sowed, it is divided into 10 days between the sowing time.
4. method according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that step（5）Planted using uniline, grain away from
5cm, line-spacing 33cm.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, carrying out SPAD values and light using SPAD analyzers and photosynthetic instrument
Close rate determination.
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| CN109496726A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-03-22 | 安徽新世纪农业有限公司 | A kind of three garden field formula wheat breed preferred method |
| CN116195510A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-06-02 | 河南省作物分子育种研究院 | Breeding method of novel variety of wheat with high photosynthetic rate |
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| CN102960232B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-19 | 四川农业大学 | Method for breeding of eurytopic high-yield new wheat variety in one spot between different sowing time |
| CN105248013A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-20 | 四川农业大学 | Application of artificial vernalization in yield breeding of wheat and method of application |
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