CN106817943A - A kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation - Google Patents
A kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106817943A CN106817943A CN201710071118.7A CN201710071118A CN106817943A CN 106817943 A CN106817943 A CN 106817943A CN 201710071118 A CN201710071118 A CN 201710071118A CN 106817943 A CN106817943 A CN 106817943A
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- sloping upland
- ridge
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- furrow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation, it is related to the methods of cultivation field of water and soil conservation.The method includes：Sloping upland is divided into some cultivating units along contour by horizontal field bund, the staggeredly up and down slope cultivation that horizontal ridge is cultivated and longitudinal ridge is cultivated is carried out on the longitudinal direction of each cultivating unit；People's row stone rank is built respectively in the both sides of sloping upland, and drainage ditch is dug between sloping upland and people's row stone rank, and horizontal furrow is connected with drainage ditch；Once laterally deep ploughing is carried out within every 3 years to sloping upland, and to sloping upland again ridging；Subsoiling is carried out to furrow every year；Horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge are repaired after heavy showers, drainage ditch is cleared up after heavy showers.The method deep ploughs and subsoiling Long Xiang areas field, field bund and people's row stone rank, drainage ditch, and periodically reparation ridge and periodic cleaning drainage ditch are used in combination the new sloping upland combination methods of cultivation of composition, to reach the purpose of sloping upland water and soil conservation and crop yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the methods of cultivation field of water and soil conservation, a kind of farming of sloping upland water and soil conservation is more particularly related to
Combined method.
Background technology
The black soil region soil losses of the Northeast of China are serious, and sloping upland erosion area is 2,330,000 hectares, accounts for black earth erosion
The 85% of area.It is therefore prevented that the soil erosion of soil and wind erosion, and safeguard soil fertility for improving the comprehensive production in arable land
Ability, promotes agricultural sustainable development to have important practical significance and far-reaching significance.
The tillage control measure of sloping upland mainly includes making Long Xiang areas field and subsoiling, and its tillage control measure is single, it is impossible to reach more
The good effect for conserving water and soil and increasing crop yield.
In sum, there is tillage control measure single in the methods of cultivation of sloping upland of the prior art, it is impossible to reach preferably
Conserve water and soil and increase the problem of the effect of crop yield.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation, is used to solve deposit in the prior art
It is single in tillage control measure, it is impossible to reach the problem of the effect for preferably conserving water and soil and increasing crop yield.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation, including：
Sloping upland is divided into some cultivating units along contour by horizontal field bund, in the vertical etc. of each cultivating unit
The up and down slope cultivation that horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge interlock is carried out on line direction high；Wherein, the horizontal ridge is parallel with contour, described vertical
It is vertical with contour to ridge, and the quantity on the longitudinal ridge between horizontal ridge and horizontal ridge is multiple；
Stayed respectively in horizontal ridge both sides and set high side transverse direction furrow and downside transverse direction furrow, and horizontal ridge downside is supported with longitudinal ridge
Connect；Stayed in longitudinal ridge both sides and set longitudinal furrow；Wherein, downside transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than longitudinal furrow bottom of trench, and longitudinal ridge
Ditch bottom of trench is less than high side transverse direction furrow；
People's row stone rank is built respectively in the both sides of sloping upland；Drainage ditch, and institute are dug between sloping upland and people's row stone rank
High side transverse direction furrow is stated to be connected with the drainage ditch；Wherein, the high side transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than the drainage ditch canal bottom；
Once laterally deep ploughing is carried out within every 3 years to sloping upland, and horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge are formed to sloping upland again ridging
Suitable slope ridge arable land staggeredly；
It is annual that subsoiling is carried out to high side transverse direction furrow, downside transverse direction furrow and longitudinal furrow；
Horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge are repaired after heavy showers, and drainage ditch is cleared up after heavy showers.
It is preferred that when sloping upland slope angle is 3 °~15 °, the domatic length of cultivating unit is 5~15m；When sloping upland slope angle
For 15 °~30 ° when, the domatic length of cultivating unit be 3~5m.
It is preferred that setting three horizontal ridges when sloping upland slope angle is 3 °~15 °, in each cultivating unit；Sloping upland slope
Two horizontal ridges are set when angle is 15 °~30 °, in each cultivating unit.
It is preferred that longitudinal furrow is at intervals of 50~150cm.
It is preferred that the top of each cultivating unit is horizontal ridge, and the bottom of each cultivating unit is longitudinal direction
Ridge；Gutter is installed between the field bund and longitudinal ridge, and the gutter connects with the drainage ditch.
It is preferred that a width of 30~150cm of field bund, a height of 20~50cm in inner side, a height of 50~150cm in outside.
It is preferred that planted on the field bund that economic living hedges are implanted with, and the economic living hedges spacing in the rows is 15cm.
It is preferred that a height of 10~30cm of people's row stone rank.
It is preferred that the drainage ditch depth is 30~50cm.
It is preferred that the drainage ditch bottom is provided with tank.
In the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation, the method by Long Xiang areas field,
Field bund and people's row stone rank, drainage ditch, deep ploughing and subsoiling, and periodically reparation ridge and periodic cleaning drainage ditch are used in combination composition newly
Sloping upland combination the methods of cultivation, to reach the purpose of sloping upland water and soil conservation and crop yield, that is, avoid methods of cultivation list
One.Further, using longitudinal ridge and the Long Xiang areas field of the up and down slope cultivation mode of horizontal ridge interlaced arrangement, longitudinal ridge props up the present invention
Horizontal ridge, make horizontal ridge soil will not slide downward easily, the soil on longitudinal ridge slides the horizontal ridge for then sliding to lower section, and vertical
Ensure that moisture content will not be lost in easily to furrow and horizontal furrow, farthest avoid soil erosion；Field bund is by sloping upland
Small cultivating unit is divided into, farming is convenient, and planting effect is good；Field bund and people's row stone rank are walked mainly for farming personnel, convenient
Farming；Drainage ditch is connected with horizontal furrow, when the moisture content of Long Xiang areas Tanaka is excessive, can flow into draining by horizontal furrow
Canal, it is ensured that moisture content is appropriate in sloping upland；Deep ploughing and subsoiling, make the soil in sloping upland preferably be improved, in making sloping upland
Crop preferably grown；The then larger soil losses that slow down sloping upland in ridge are periodically repaired, periodic cleaning drainage ditch is then
The flow of drainage channel is ensure that, moisture content is appropriate in making sloping upland.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of farming combined method flow chart of sloping upland water and soil conservation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 exemplary farming combined method for showing a kind of sloping upland water and soil conservation provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation provided in an embodiment of the present invention is comprised the following steps：
Step 101, some cultivating units are divided into by sloping upland along contour by horizontal field bund, in each cultivating unit
Vertical contour direction on carry out the up and down slope cultivation that horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge interlock；Wherein, the horizontal ridge is put down with contour
OK, longitudinal ridge is vertical with contour, and the quantity on the longitudinal ridge between horizontal ridge and horizontal ridge is multiple.
Step 102, stays and sets high side transverse direction furrow and downside transverse direction furrow respectively in horizontal ridge both sides, and horizontal ridge downside with
Longitudinal ridge abuts；Stayed in longitudinal ridge both sides and set longitudinal furrow；Wherein, downside transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than longitudinal furrow bottom of trench,
And longitudinal furrow bottom of trench is less than high side transverse direction furrow.
It should be noted that the present invention is using longitudinal ridge and the Long Xiang areas of the up and down slope cultivation mode of horizontal ridge interlaced arrangement
Field, longitudinal ridge props up horizontal ridge, make horizontal ridge soil will not slide downward easily, the soil on longitudinal ridge slides and then slides to lower section
Horizontal ridge, and longitudinal furrow and horizontal furrow ensure that moisture content will not be lost in easily, farthest avoid soil erosion.
It should be noted that when sloping upland slope angle is 3 °~15 °, the domatic length of cultivating unit is 5~15m；When slope is ploughed
When ground slope angle is 15 °~30 °, the domatic length of cultivating unit is 3~5m；And when sloping upland slope angle is 3 °~15 °, each farming
Three horizontal ridges are set in unit；Two horizontal ridges are set when sloping upland slope angle is 15 °~30 °, in each cultivating unit.
It is preferred that the top of each cultivating unit is horizontal ridge, and the bottom of each cultivating unit is longitudinal ridge；Field bund with
Gutter is installed between longitudinal ridge, and gutter connects with the drainage ditch；Longitudinal furrow is at intervals of 50~150cm.
It is preferred that a width of 30~150cm of field bund, a height of 20~50cm in inner side, a height of 50~150cm in outside；Planted on field bund
Economic living hedges are implanted with, and economic living hedges spacing in the rows is 15cm.
It should be noted that sloping upland is divided into small cultivating unit by field bund, farming is convenient, and planting effect is good；Field bund
Walked mainly for farming personnel with people's row stone rank, facilitate farming.
Step 103, people's row stone rank is built in the both sides of sloping upland respectively；Draining is dug between sloping upland and people's row stone rank
Canal, and the high side transverse direction furrow connected with the drainage ditch；Wherein, the high side transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than the drainage ditch
Canal bottom.
It is preferred that a height of 10~30cm of people's row stone rank.
It is preferred that drainage ditch depth is 30~50cm, and drainage ditch bottom is provided with tank.
It should be noted that drainage ditch is connected with horizontal furrow, and when the moisture content of Long Xiang areas Tanaka is excessive, can be by horizontal stroke
Drainage ditch is flowed into furrow, it is ensured that moisture content is appropriate in sloping upland.
Step 104, carries out once laterally deep ploughing for every 3 years, and form horizontal ridge to sloping upland again ridging to sloping upland
Ploughed with the suitable slope ridge that longitudinal ridge interlocks.
Step 105, carries out subsoiling to high side transverse direction furrow, downside transverse direction furrow and longitudinal furrow every year.
It should be noted that deep ploughing and subsoiling, make the soil in sloping upland preferably be improved, make the crop in sloping upland
Preferably grown.
Step 106, repairs horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge, and drainage ditch is cleared up after heavy showers after heavy showers.
It should be noted that periodically repairing the then larger soil losses that slow down sloping upland in ridge, periodic cleaning drainage ditch
The flow of drainage channel is then ensure that, moisture content is appropriate in making sloping upland.
It should be noted that by Long Xiang areas field, field bund and people's row stone rank, drainage ditch, deep ploughing and subsoiling, and periodically repair
Ridge and periodic cleaning drainage ditch are used in combination and constitute the new sloping upland combination methods of cultivation, to reach sloping upland water and soil conservation and work
The purpose of thing volume increase, that is, avoid the methods of cultivation single.
In order to verify the actual effect of technical solution of the present invention, in implementation process of the present invention, equally implement to analogy
Case.Its contrast scheme is：Sloping upland is divided into cultivating unit, and horizontal wall inscription ridge is set on each cultivating unit.
Interpretation of result：The present invention uses the up and down slope cultivation mode of longitudinal ridge and horizontal ridge interlaced arrangement, and using longitudinal
Furrow bottom of trench is less than the combination of horizontal furrow bottom of trench and horizontal furrow bottom of trench less than drainage ditch canal bottom, according to statistics, in heavy showers 13
After hour, without phenomenon of destroying by rush of water, because rainfall intensity is big, there is slight deformation on some longitudinal ridges, but are not destroyed by rush of water on horizontal wall inscription ridge
Also the unnecessary moisture content of horizontal furrow Tanaka will not be blocked sloping upland, and a certain amount of rain is flowed out by drainage ditch through horizontal furrow
Water is stayed in horizontal furrow and longitudinal furrow, i.e., water and soil conservation effect is good, increased the available moisture of soil, improves the soil water
Divide utilization ratio, significantly improve crop yield；And the horizontal wall inscription ridge in contrast scheme has obvious punching after 13 hours in heavy showers
Collapse phenomenon.Knowable to the yield of statistics the same year technical solution of the present invention and contrast scheme, Long Xiang areas of the invention field volume increase 8.1%~
9.6%.
In sum, technical scheme makes sloping upland water and soil conservation good and improves crop yield.
Disclosed above is only several specific embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can be carried out to the present invention
It is various to change with modification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, if these modifications of the invention and modification belong to the present invention
Within the scope of claim and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation, it is characterised in that including：
Sloping upland is divided into some cultivating units along contour by horizontal field bund, in the vertical contour of each cultivating unit
The up and down slope cultivation that horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge interlock is carried out on direction；Wherein, the horizontal ridge is parallel with contour, longitudinal ridge
It is vertical with contour, and the quantity on the longitudinal ridge between horizontal ridge and horizontal ridge is multiple；
Stayed respectively in horizontal ridge both sides and set high side transverse direction furrow and downside transverse direction furrow, and horizontal ridge downside is abutted with longitudinal ridge；
Stayed in longitudinal ridge both sides and set longitudinal furrow；Wherein, downside transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than longitudinal furrow bottom of trench, and longitudinal furrow ditch
Bottom is less than high side transverse direction furrow；
People's row stone rank is built respectively in the both sides of sloping upland；Drainage ditch, and the height are dug between sloping upland and people's row stone rank
Side transverse direction furrow is connected with the drainage ditch；Wherein, the high side transverse direction furrow bottom of trench is less than the drainage ditch canal bottom；
Sloping upland was carried out in every 3 years once laterally deep ploughing, and horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge are formed to sloping upland again ridging and interlocked
Suitable slope ridge arable land；
It is annual that subsoiling is carried out to high side transverse direction furrow, downside transverse direction furrow and longitudinal furrow；
Horizontal ridge and longitudinal ridge are repaired after heavy showers, and drainage ditch is cleared up after heavy showers.
2. the farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when sloping upland slope angle is
At 3 °~15 °, the domatic length of cultivating unit is 5~15m；When sloping upland slope angle is 15 °~30 °, the domatic length of cultivating unit
It is 3~5m.
3. the farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that when sloping upland slope angle is
Three horizontal ridges are set at 3 °~15 °, in each cultivating unit；When sloping upland slope angle is 15 °~30 °, in each cultivating unit
Two horizontal ridges are set.
4. the farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that between longitudinal furrow
It is divided into 50~150cm.
5. the farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that each described farming list
The top of unit is horizontal ridge, and the bottom of each cultivating unit is longitudinal ridge；It is installed between the field bund and longitudinal ridge
Gutter, and the gutter connects with the drainage ditch.
6. the farming combined method of the sloping upland water and soil conservation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the field bund a width of 30~
150cm, a height of 20~50cm in inner side, a height of 50~150cm in outside.
7. the farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that planted on the field bund
There are economic living hedges, and the economic living hedges spacing in the rows is 15cm.
8. the farming combined method of the sloping upland water and soil conservation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that people's row stone rank is a height of
10~30cm.
9. the farming combined method of the sloping upland water and soil conservation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drainage ditch depth is 30
~50cm.
10. the farming combined method of the sloping upland water and soil conservation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the drainage ditch bottom
It is provided with tank.
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| CN201710071118.7A CN106817943B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation |
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| CN201710071118.7A CN106817943B (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2017-02-09 | A kind of farming combined method of sloping upland water and soil conservation |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113647224A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-16 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Slope farmland water and soil conservation composite measure configuration method integrating slope and soil layer differentiation |
| CN114402935A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-29 | 李富程 | Method for relieving continuous cropping obstacle of calcareous soil tobacco based on strategic deep ploughing |
| US20230180649A1 (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-06-15 | Deere & Company | Path planning system and method for defining a harvest path for harvesting a crop material from a field |
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Granted publication date: 20181102 Termination date: 20200209 |