CN106808757B - 一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106808757B
CN106808757B CN201611207631.6A CN201611207631A CN106808757B CN 106808757 B CN106808757 B CN 106808757B CN 201611207631 A CN201611207631 A CN 201611207631A CN 106808757 B CN106808757 B CN 106808757B
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严飞
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Jurong longruide Textile Co.,Ltd.
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Rabbit Technique Knitting Mill Shen Jurong City
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，具体的复合羊毛针织物由内织物层、外织物层双层织物层复合而成，内外织物层分别由不同的多种纤维成分混合再通过相应的不同的编织方法进行编织复合在一起，其中内外织物层中分别加入了一部分的抗辐射植物纤维进行提取制作，在提高其抗辐射能力的同时保证其舒适保暖透气性能。本发明一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法制备而成的抗辐射复合针织物不仅具有手感柔软触感舒适的优点，还具有优异的抗辐射能力。

Description

一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及针织物的制备领域，尤其涉及一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法。
背景技术
针织物以其贴身，保暖性能著称，受到广大消费者的青睐，近年来，国内有关针织物面料的各种功能性面料层出不穷，诸如抗静电易护理、三防、远红外负离子、抗菌、吸湿排汗等，这些功能确实能够带来很多的革新，但是具有抗辐射功能的针织物还尚未见有报道，一般具有抗辐射功能的织物都会设置外表的抗辐射层，例如防辐射服的涂层等，如果以这种传统的抗辐射功能的实现方法应用到针织物的抗辐射制备中去，会给针织物带来透气性差的缺点，不能满足日常服用需求。
基于此，若能提供一种兼具透气舒适保暖和抗辐射功能的复合针织物，将会给针织物的功能性产品带来很大的革新。
发明内容
发明目的：为了解决现有技术所存在的问题，本发明提供了一种兼具透气舒适保暖功能和优异的防辐射功能的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法。
技术方案：为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)内织物层的制备：内织物层由45％-55％的羊毛混纺纤维、25％-35％的棉纤维，5％-10％的新型再生纤维以及余量的抗辐射植物纤维A复合而成；
所述抗辐射植物纤维A提取自吊兰、豆瓣绿、绿萝的叶纤维，具体提取方法为：首先采集各植物的健康饱满的新鲜叶片，粉碎制浆，用质量分数为2％的碱溶液进行精制纯化，再用质量分数为70％的NMMO溶液进行溶解充分，溶解后过滤杂质形成纺丝溶液，进而进行纺丝成型得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由不完全罗纹组织与平针组织复合而成的纬编工艺编织制成内织物层；
(2)外织物层的制备：所述外织物层包括25％-35％的羊毛羊绒纤维、6％-18％的金属纤维、5％-12％的纳米银纤维、18％-30％的抗辐射植物纤维B以及余量的芳香族聚酰胺纤维；
所需抗辐射植物纤维B提取自龟背竹、孔雀竹芋的韧皮纤维，具体提取方法为：首先取各植物的韧皮部，采用微波辐照方法进行预酸处理15-20min，水洗2次后采用微波辐照方法进行碱氧一浴5-10min，再水洗2次后打纤、抖松烘干得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由双轴向经编工艺编织制成外织物层；
(3)内外织物层的复合：将制备好的内织物层和外织物层复合形成双层织物层。
更为优选的，所述羊毛混纺纤维为羊毛、羊绒以及貂绒的混纺纤维，三者混纺的比例为3:2:1。
更为优选的，所述新型再生纤维为海丝纤维、柔丝蛋白纤维、蜘蛛丝三者质量比为4:3:1的混合物。
更为优选的，所述羊毛羊绒纤维中羊绒的含量不超过40％。
更为优选的，所述金属纤维为超细磁性纤维。
更为优选的，步骤(1)中所述NMMO溶液的处理温度为40-50℃，处理时间为20-30min。
更为优选的，步骤(2)中所述微波辐照方法中，微波辐照频率为800-1000W。
更为优选的，步骤(2)中所述预酸处理中采用的酸为盐酸，其浓度为1-2g/L。
更为优选的，步骤(2)中所述碱氧一浴中碱和双氧水的质量比为2:1。
更为优选的，步骤(2)中所述碱氧一浴的处理温度为80-90℃。
有益效果：本发明所提供的一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，具体的复合羊毛针织物由内织物层、外织物层双层织物层复合而成，内外织物层分别由不同的多种纤维成分混合再通过相应的不同的编织方法进行编织复合在一起，其中内外织物层中分别加入了一部分的抗辐射植物纤维进行提取制作，在提高其抗辐射能力的同时保证其舒适保暖透气性能。本发明一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法制备而成的抗辐射复合针织物不仅具有手感柔软触感舒适的优点，还具有优异的抗辐射能力。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明：
实施例1：
一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)内织物层的制备：内织物层由45％的羊毛混纺纤维、35％的棉纤维，5％的新型再生纤维以及余量的抗辐射植物纤维A复合而成；
所述抗辐射植物纤维A提取自吊兰、豆瓣绿、绿萝的叶纤维，具体提取方法为：首先采集各植物的健康饱满的新鲜叶片，粉碎制浆，用质量分数为2％的碱溶液进行精制纯化，再用质量分数为70％的NMMO溶液进行溶解充分，处理温度为40℃，处理时间为30min，溶解后过滤杂质形成纺丝溶液，进而进行纺丝成型得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由不完全罗纹组织与平针组织复合而成的纬编工艺编织制成内织物层；
(2)外织物层的制备：所述外织物层包括25％的羊毛羊绒纤维、18％的金属纤维、5％的纳米银纤维、30％的抗辐射植物纤维B以及余量的芳香族聚酰胺纤维；
所需抗辐射植物纤维B提取自龟背竹、孔雀竹芋的韧皮纤维，具体提取方法为：首先取各植物的韧皮部，采用微波辐照方法进行预酸处理15min，预酸处理采用的酸为盐酸，其浓度为1g/L，水洗2次后采用微波辐照方法进行碱氧一浴5min，处理温度为90℃，其中碱和双氧水的质量比为2:1；再水洗2次后打纤、抖松烘干得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；其中微波辐照频率为800W；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由双轴向经编工艺编织制成外织物层；
(3)内外织物层的复合：将制备好的内织物层和外织物层复合形成双层织物层。
其中，所述羊毛混纺纤维为羊毛、羊绒以及貂绒的混纺纤维，三者混纺的比例为3:2:1；所述新型再生纤维为海丝纤维、柔丝蛋白纤维、蜘蛛丝三者质量比为4:3:1的混合物；所述羊毛羊绒纤维中羊绒的含量不超过40％；所述金属纤维为超细磁性纤维。
实施例2：
一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)内织物层的制备：内织物层由55％的羊毛混纺纤维、25％的棉纤维，10％的新型再生纤维以及余量的抗辐射植物纤维A复合而成；
所述抗辐射植物纤维A提取自吊兰、豆瓣绿、绿萝的叶纤维，具体提取方法为：首先采集各植物的健康饱满的新鲜叶片，粉碎制浆，用质量分数为2％的碱溶液进行精制纯化，再用质量分数为70％的NMMO溶液进行溶解充分，处理温度为50℃，处理时间为20min，溶解后过滤杂质形成纺丝溶液，进而进行纺丝成型得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由不完全罗纹组织与平针组织复合而成的纬编工艺编织制成内织物层；
(2)外织物层的制备：所述外织物层包括35％的羊毛羊绒纤维、6％的金属纤维、12％的纳米银纤维、18％的抗辐射植物纤维B以及余量的芳香族聚酰胺纤维；
所需抗辐射植物纤维B提取自龟背竹、孔雀竹芋的韧皮纤维，具体提取方法为：首先取各植物的韧皮部，采用微波辐照方法进行预酸处理20min，预酸处理采用的酸为盐酸，其浓度为2g/L，水洗2次后采用微波辐照方法进行碱氧一浴10min，处理温度为80℃，其中碱和双氧水的质量比为2:1；再水洗2次后打纤、抖松烘干得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；其中微波辐照频率为1000W；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由双轴向经编工艺编织制成外织物层；
(3)内外织物层的复合：将制备好的内织物层和外织物层复合形成双层织物层。
其中，所述羊毛混纺纤维为羊毛、羊绒以及貂绒的混纺纤维，三者混纺的比例为3:2:1；所述新型再生纤维为海丝纤维、柔丝蛋白纤维、蜘蛛丝三者质量比为4:3:1的混合物；所述羊毛羊绒纤维中羊绒的含量不超过40％；所述金属纤维为超细磁性纤维。
实施例3：
一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)内织物层的制备：内织物层由50％的羊毛混纺纤维、30％的棉纤维，8％的新型再生纤维以及余量的抗辐射植物纤维A复合而成；
所述抗辐射植物纤维A提取自吊兰、豆瓣绿、绿萝的叶纤维，具体提取方法为：首先采集各植物的健康饱满的新鲜叶片，粉碎制浆，用质量分数为2％的碱溶液进行精制纯化，再用质量分数为70％的NMMO溶液进行溶解充分，处理温度为45℃，处理时间为25min，溶解后过滤杂质形成纺丝溶液，进而进行纺丝成型得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由不完全罗纹组织与平针组织复合而成的纬编工艺编织制成内织物层；
(2)外织物层的制备：所述外织物层包括30％的羊毛羊绒纤维、12％的金属纤维、9％的纳米银纤维、23％的抗辐射植物纤维B以及余量的芳香族聚酰胺纤维；
所需抗辐射植物纤维B提取自龟背竹、孔雀竹芋的韧皮纤维，具体提取方法为：首先取各植物的韧皮部，采用微波辐照方法进行预酸处理18min，预酸处理采用的酸为盐酸，其浓度为1.5g/L，水洗2次后采用微波辐照方法进行碱氧一浴8min，处理温度为85℃，其中碱和双氧水的质量比为2:1；再水洗2次后打纤、抖松烘干得到所需抗辐射植物纤维；其中微波辐照频率为900W；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由双轴向经编工艺编织制成外织物层；
(3)内外织物层的复合：将制备好的内织物层和外织物层复合形成双层织物层。
其中，所述羊毛混纺纤维为羊毛、羊绒以及貂绒的混纺纤维，三者混纺的比例为3:2:1；所述新型再生纤维为海丝纤维、柔丝蛋白纤维、蜘蛛丝三者质量比为4:3:1的混合物；所述羊毛羊绒纤维中羊绒的含量不超过40％；所述金属纤维为超细磁性纤维。
舒适透气保暖程度测试：
取上述实施例1-3制备的抗辐射复合针织物与市售普通具有抗辐射功能的织物，分为三个试验组和一个对照组进行织物成衣服用舒适度测试，每组选
取50名无皮肤疾病健康试穿对象，服用3天后进行调查回访。
服用评价指标如下：
A级：完全无不适现象发生，穿着舒适，柔软贴身，透气好。
B级：稍微有不适现象发生，穿着较为舒适，柔软度尚佳，透气尚好。
C级：不适现象明显，穿着舒适度不佳，柔软度不佳，透气性能不佳。
回访结果如表1所示：
表1：服用回访结果
从上表数据可看出，本发明一种抗辐射复合针织物，在保暖效果优异的前提下还具有较优的舒适透气度，广受消费者的喜爱。
防辐射性能测试：
测试方法：根据GB/T23463-2009《防护服装微波辐射防护服》测试实验面料对电磁波的屏蔽效能(SE)。在屏蔽室中放置一个穿着防辐射服的人体模型，人体模型前端安装有能够发射出不同频率电磁波的发射天线，人体模型内部的电场探头来接收信号，分别检测未穿着样衣时电磁波的电场强度E2(V/m)和穿着样衣时电磁波的电场强度E1(V/m)，再根据屏蔽效能SE＝20lg(E2/E1)进行计算。
本实验测试中测试频率分别为30MHz、300MHZ和3000MHz。
表2实施例1-3的织物在测试频率分别为30MHz、300MHZ和3000MHz的屏蔽效能
从上表数据可看出，本发明一种抗辐射复合针织物，在各测试频率下均保持较好的屏蔽效能，且洗涤10次后屏蔽效能降低不明显。
应当指出，以上具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
（1）内织物层的制备：内织物层由45%-55%的羊毛混纺纤维、25%-35%的棉纤维，5%-10%的新型再生纤维以及余量的抗辐射植物纤维A复合而成；
所述抗辐射植物纤维A提取自吊兰、豆瓣绿、绿萝的叶纤维，具体提取方法为：首先采集各植物的健康饱满的新鲜叶片，粉碎制浆，用质量分数为2%的碱溶液进行精制纯化，再用质量分数为70%的NMMO溶液进行溶解充分，溶解后过滤杂质形成纺丝溶液，进而进行纺丝成型得到所需抗辐射植物纤维A；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由不完全罗纹组织与平针组织复合而成的纬编工艺编织制成内织物层；
（2）外织物层的制备：所述外织物层包括25%-35%的羊毛羊绒纤维、6%-18%的金属纤维、5%-12%的纳米银纤维、18%-30%的抗辐射植物纤维B以及余量的芳香族聚酰胺纤维；
所需抗辐射植物纤维B提取自龟背竹、孔雀竹芋的韧皮纤维，具体提取方法为：首先取各植物的韧皮部，采用微波辐照方法进行预酸处理15-20min，水洗2次后采用微波辐照方法进行碱氧一浴5-10min，再水洗2次后打纤、抖松烘干得到所需抗辐射植物纤维B；
按配比取所需量的各种纤维由双轴向经编工艺编织制成外织物层；
（3）内外织物层的复合：将制备好的内织物层和外织物层复合形成双层织物层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述羊毛混纺纤维为羊毛、羊绒以及貂绒的混纺纤维，三者混纺的比例为3:2:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述新型再生纤维的组成为海丝纤维、柔丝蛋白纤维、蜘蛛丝三者质量比为4:3:1的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述羊毛羊绒纤维中羊绒的含量不超过40%。
5.如权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：所述金属纤维为超细磁性纤维。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（1）中所述NMMO溶液的处理温度为40-50℃，处理时间为20-30min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）中所述微波辐照方法中，微波辐照频率为800-1000W。
8.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）中所述预酸处理中采用的酸为盐酸，其浓度为1-2g/L。
9.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）中所述碱氧一浴中碱和双氧水的质量比为2:1。
10.根据权利要求1所述的抗辐射复合针织物的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（2）中所述碱氧一浴的处理温度为80-90℃。
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