CN1068086A - 一种制备可膨胀石墨的新方法 - Google Patents

一种制备可膨胀石墨的新方法 Download PDF

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CN1068086A
CN1068086A CN92105437A CN92105437A CN1068086A CN 1068086 A CN1068086 A CN 1068086A CN 92105437 A CN92105437 A CN 92105437A CN 92105437 A CN92105437 A CN 92105437A CN 1068086 A CN1068086 A CN 1068086A
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electrolytic solution
graphite
black lead
expansible black
gas
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CN1024818C (zh
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白新德
白新桂
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Tsinghua University
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    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种可膨胀石墨的新制备方法,属材 料科学技术领域。本是发明是在制备可膨胀石墨的 过程中,对阳极氧化的电解液中通入气体,气体的种 类可以是空气、氩气或氮气等等,通气量小于4升/ 分钟。通气时间与氧化时间相同。在电解液中通入 气体,可以加快石墨氧化速度,减缓电解槽中阳极的 极化趋势,有利于提高可膨胀石墨的品质。

Description

本发明涉及一种制备可膨胀石墨的新方法,属材料科学技术领域。
电气化方法制造可膨胀石墨已有几种专利,如日本专利昭55-62807,56-90989,及美国专利USO3323869。这几种方法的基本原理都是相同的,以石墨和辅助阳极作为阳极,置于电解液中通电进行阳极氧化,将石墨取出水洗,干燥后即可得到可膨胀石墨。但是,几种专利方法各有不同,如有的用铂金电极,有的加压或反复氧化-还原。这些工艺方法复杂,成本昂贵,产品质量不稳定,难以工业化生产。
本发明的目的是针对已有技术中制备可膨胀石墨的不足之处,对工艺过程进行改进,以提高生产效率和产品质量。
本发明的内容是,制备可膨胀石墨的新的方法包括下列各步骤:
1.样品预处理,包括对样品进行水洗、除油。
2.在电解液中对样品进行阳极氧化,电解液为硫酸,浓度为75wt%~98wt%,电解液温度为20℃~100℃,电流密度为20mA/cm2~50mA/cm2,通电量为20A·小时/公斤~250A·小时/公斤。
3.在对样品进行阳极氧化的同时,向电解液中通入气体,目的是对试料进行搅拌,加快反应速度,通入的气体可以是空气、氩气或氮气中的任何一种,通气量小于4升/分钟。
4.对阳极氧化得到的石墨进行水洗,至水洗液的PH值为3~6。
5.对石墨进行脱水处理。
6.在60℃~100℃下将石墨烘干。
7.在600℃~1300℃下对石墨进行膨化处理,处理时间为2秒~10秒。
利用本发明的方法制备可膨胀石墨,由于在石墨阳极氧化的过程中对电解液通入气体,因而加快了石墨氧化速度,减缓了阳极板极化的趋势,有利于提高可膨胀石墨的品质。
下面是本发明的四个实施例。
实施例1:选用山东产5099高碳石墨75g为原料,电解液硫酸浓度为87%(ρ=1.78),电流密度为30mA/cm2,通电氧化50分钟,通入氩气搅拌,通气量为1升/分钟。电解温度为35℃~40℃,石墨氧化处理后在100±5℃下烘干。
按照GB10698-89方法测出可膨胀石墨样品膨化后的膨胀容积为203cc/g。
实施例2:选用内蒙产5099高碳石墨75g为原料,电解液硫酸浓度为80%(ρ=1.73),电流密度为35mA/cm2,通电氧化时间为50分钟,通入氮气搅拌,通气量为1升/分钟,电解温度为35℃~40℃,石墨氧化处理后在100±5℃下烘干。
按照GB10698-89方法,测得可膨胀石墨样品膨化后的膨胀容积为247cc/g。
实施例3:选用石墨原料及电化学工艺条件同实施例2,通入压缩空气搅拌,通气量为1升/分钟。
按照GB10698-89方法,测得可膨胀石墨样品膨化后的膨胀容积为183cc/g,挥发分为14%。
实施例4:选用的石墨原料及电化学工艺条件同实施例2,通入氮气搅拌,通气量加大至2升/分钟。
按照GB10698-89方法,测得可膨胀石墨样品膨化后的膨胀容积为183cc/g。

Claims (4)

1、一种制备可膨胀石墨的方法,其特征在于制备方法包括下列各步骤:
(1)样品预处理,包括对样品进行水洗、除油;
(2)在电解液中对样品进行阳极氧化,电解液为硫酸,浓度为75wt%~98wt%,电解液温度为20℃~100℃,电流密度为20mA/cm2~50mA/cm2,通电量为20A·小时/公斤~250A·小时/公斤;
(3)在阳极氧化的同时,向电解液中通入气体;
(4)对阳极氧化得到的石墨进行水洗,至水洗液的PH值为3~6;
(5)对石墨进行脱水处;
(6)在60℃~100℃下将石墨烘干;
(7)在600℃~1300℃下对石墨进行膨化处理,时间为2秒~10秒。
2、一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于其中所述的通入气体为空气、氩气或氮气中的任何一种,通气量小于4升/分钟。
3、一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于其中所述的电解液硫酸的浓度为87%,所述的电流密度为30mA/cm2,电解液温度为35℃~40℃,所述的通入气体为氩气,通气量为1升/分钟。
4、一种如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于其中所述的电解液硫酸的浓度为80%,电流密度为35mA/cm2,电解液温度为35℃~40℃,所述的通入气体为氮气,通气量为1升/分钟。
CN92105437A 1992-07-09 1992-07-09 一种制备可膨胀石墨的新方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1024818C (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0823398A4 (en) * 1995-04-28 1998-04-01 Viktor Vasilievich Avdeev METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING OXIDIZED GRAPHITE
CN102286753A (zh) * 2011-05-30 2011-12-21 黑龙江科技学院 一种制备高纯低硫膨胀石墨方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0823398A4 (en) * 1995-04-28 1998-04-01 Viktor Vasilievich Avdeev METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING OXIDIZED GRAPHITE
CN102286753A (zh) * 2011-05-30 2011-12-21 黑龙江科技学院 一种制备高纯低硫膨胀石墨方法

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