CN106769198B - A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river - Google Patents
A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769198B CN106769198B CN201611050330.7A CN201611050330A CN106769198B CN 106769198 B CN106769198 B CN 106769198B CN 201611050330 A CN201611050330 A CN 201611050330A CN 106769198 B CN106769198 B CN 106769198B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
- G01N2001/1012—Suspensions
- G01N2001/1025—Liquid suspensions; Slurries; Mud; Sludge
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatuses in river, it is characterized in that, including acquisition device and apparatus for placing, the acquisition device is cube container, the acquisition device includes left plate, right side plate, bottom plate and cover board, water-stop sheet movable up and down is provided at the acquisition device open front and after-opening, the apparatus for placing includes several vertical flexible connections for placing the cabinet of the acquisition device, stretching device, top plate and the first attachment device being arranged on top plate, the cabinet includes left plate, right side plate and bottom plate, the box height is greater than the acquisition device height, the acquisition device is movably arranged in the box baseplate, the stretching device is connect with the water-stop sheet, the second attachment device is equipped at the top of the stretching device.The present invention can acquire the suspended load of different depth simultaneously, have the characteristics that simple in construction, easy to disassemble and assemble.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the devices that one kind can acquire the vertical different depth suspended load in river simultaneously, belong to sediment concentration measuring skill
Art field.
Background technique
China is one of more serious country of soil erosion, and distinct issues are that silt content of river is higher, such as the Yellow River
Basin, according to " Chinese river silt bulletin " data, the important hydrometric station actual measurement in 1950~2005 years the Yellow River mainstream downstreams is flat for many years
Equal sedimentary loading is 900,000,000 tons or so, and annual mean sediment concentration is 25kg/m3Left and right, local section is up to several hundred or even thousands of thousand
Gram every cubic metre.How quickly, accurately, continuously the measurement of silt content is the important content in the automatic monitoring system of soil erosion,
Measurement silt content is of great significance for soil erosion study, diversion irrigation, harbour shipping and hydraulic engineering operational safety etc..
Currently used suspended load sampler has instantaneous formula and product two class of up-to-date style.
(1) instantaneous formula sampler, mainly horizontal type sampler.Sampler barrel is made of thin-wall steel tube, and 0.5~2.0 liter of volume,
There is lid at both ends, and lid edge is equipped with tension spring.When sampling, cover is opened, water flow is flowed through from cylinder, then manipulation switch, borrows spring
Pulling force closes cover, acquires water sample.This apparatus structure is simple, applied widely.The disadvantage is that it is serious by silt pulsations affect,
The representativeness that single-point samples achievement is poor.
(2) time-integrating sampler has plot point formula and deep two kinds of the formula of product.Plot point formula sampler is that water sample is drawn on measuring point,
The instrument of mean sediment concentration in a certain period is measured, there is water sample storehouse and pressure regulating chamber in instrument, the two is connected with communicating pipe, and instrument enters
After water, water inlet in pressure regulating chamber, air is compressed to make external hydrostatic pressure in sampler balance each other, water inlet pipe when keeping instrument to sample
Interior flow velocity is consistent with natural flow velocity.Product depth formula sampler be it is a kind of continuously draw water sample along vertical line, measure vertical line mean sediment concentration
Instrument, be suitable for shallow river sample.When sampling, it is desirable that instrument lifts speed uniformly and is less than three points of mean velocity in vertical
One of.
In the measurement process of practical silt content of river, when we need while taking the suspended load of different depth,
Due to above-mentioned apparatus can only single-point sampling or vertical line mean sediment concentration can only be measured, be unable to satisfy current demand.Therefore, we
It needs to invent a kind of sampling apparatus that can acquire different depth suspended load simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind can acquire different depth suspended load in river simultaneously
Sampling apparatus, further provides that a kind of structure is simple, and sampling apparatus easy for installation, further providing one kind can divide
Sampling apparatus from different sediment size groups further provides a kind of acquisition device for acquiring different depth temperature, further
A kind of sampling apparatus that can measure sampling apparatus body depth in water is provided.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river, including acquisition device and apparatus for placing, the acquisition device are cube
Container, the acquisition device include left plate, right side plate, bottom plate and cover board, at the acquisition device open front and after-opening
It is provided with water-stop sheet movable up and down, the apparatus for placing includes several vertical flexible connections for placing the acquisition
Cabinet, stretching device, top plate and the first attachment device being arranged on top plate of device, the cabinet includes left plate, the right side
Side plate and bottom plate, the box height are greater than the acquisition device height, and the acquisition device is movably arranged on the cabinet
On bottom plate, the stretching device is connect with the water-stop sheet, and the second attachment device is equipped at the top of the stretching device.
The water-stop sheet top is equipped with the first protruding portion, and the stretching device is equipped with for fixing first protruding portion
The second fixed device.
The stretching device is U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure is opening down, and two sides of the U-shaped structure are respectively first
The described second fixed dress is symmetrically arranged on stretch rod and the second stretch rod, first stretch rod and second stretch rod
It sets.
There are two cards up and down towards setting in the plate face of the box house for the cabinet left plate or right side plate
Slot, first stretch rod and second stretch rod are movably arranged on respectively in two card slots.
First stretch rod and second stretch rod upper end are provided with third attachment device, first stretch rod with
Second stretch rod lower end is provided with the 4th attachment device matched with the third attachment device.
The cabinet left plate and/or right side plate are flexibly connected with the box baseplate, acquisition device bottom plate both ends
Equipped with the second protruding portion, the box baseplate both ends are equipped with the groove to match with second protruding portion.
Drainage hole is provided on the acquisition device left plate and/or right side plate lower face, the drainage hole is equipped with filter
Net, the aperture of filter screen are less than the minimum grain size for needing the silt studied.
From the front to the strainer for being equipped with multi-layer movable below and installing in the acquisition device, the aperture of filter screen is from front
To being gradually reduced below.
Thermometer is provided on the left plate or right side plate of the acquisition device.
First attachment device is telescopic device, is equipped with scale outside the telescopic device.
Advantageous effects of the invention: using the vertical connection of multiple cabinets and the combination settings of stretching device,
The suspended load in river at different depth can be acquired simultaneously, can also be applied to the river of different depth, and stretching device uses U
Type structure is connect with water-stop sheet, makes relatively simple for structure, facilitates operation；Stretching device is arranged in cabinet, can be made entire
Sampling apparatus structure is more compact, and two stretch rods of stretching device, can be in order to according to the depth of water using the setting being flexibly connected
The length of stretching device is adjusted, cabinet is detachably connected method using side plate, can damage in order to place acquisition device and replacement
Bad plate can measure the content of different-grain diameter in suspended load, using setting for thermometer using the setting of different-grain diameter strainer simultaneously
It sets, the temperature in different depth river can be acquired simultaneously, the first attachment device uses telescopic device, can reduce device volume,
Outside has scale, can measure the depth of sampling apparatus in water simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of acquisition device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the main view of acquisition device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the right view of acquisition device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top view of acquisition device of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus for placing of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following embodiment is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention
Technical solution, and not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river, including acquisition device 11 and apparatus for placing 12, the acquisition device 11
For cube container, the acquisition device 11 includes left plate, right side plate, bottom plate and cover board, 11 open front of acquisition device
With water-stop sheet 2 movable up and down is provided at after-opening, when pulling up the water-stop sheet 2, the acquisition device can be made
11 front and back openings when pulling up described 2 downwards, can make opening closure before and after the acquisition device 11, the apparatus for placing
12 include several vertical flexible connections for placing the cabinet 6 of the acquisition device 11, stretching device 10, top plate and setting
Set the first attachment device 5 on top plate, between the cabinet 6 can by rivet interlacement, pin connection, hook connection or other
Moveable connection method connection, the cabinet 6 include left plate, right side plate and bottom plate, and 6 height of cabinet is greater than the acquisition
11 height of device, can block the opening of acquisition device above, 6 left plate of cabinet to avoid the water fender of following acquisition device
It is flexibly connected with 6 bottom plate of cabinet, the 11 bottom plate both ends of acquisition device are equipped with the second protruding portion 8,6 bottom plate two of cabinet
End is equipped with the groove 9 that matches with second protruding portion 8, and when installation dismantles left plate, and the acquisition device 11 is caught in
It in the groove 9, in the case where not dismantling left plate, can also be connected by screw bolts, hook connection etc. is by the acquisition
Device 11 is movably arranged on 6 bottom plate of cabinet, and the stretching device 10 is connect with the water-stop sheet 2, on the water-stop sheet 2
One end is equipped with the first protruding portion 7 along its length in portion, and the stretching device 10 is U-shaped structure, and the U-shaped structure is opening down,
Two sides of the U-shaped structure are respectively the first stretch rod and the second stretch rod, first stretch rod and second stretch rod
On be symmetrically arranged with the described second fixed device, the described second fixed device is aperture matched with first protruding portion 7, will
After first protruding portion 7 is inserted into aperture, when pulling the stretching device 10 up and down, about 2 water-stop sheet can be driven living
Dynamic, first protruding portion 7 can also be arranged in 2 top edge of water-stop sheet or other positions, the stretching device
Position accordingly adjusts therewith, the second attachment device is equipped at the top of the stretching device 10, for pulling the stretching device up and down
10。
There are two cards up and down towards setting in the plate face of the box house for 6 left plate of cabinet or right side plate
Slot, first stretch rod and second stretch rod are movably arranged on respectively in two card slots, the stretching device 10
It can be slided up and down along the card slot, stretching device is arranged in cabinet, entire sampling apparatus structure can be made more compact.
First stretch rod and second stretch rod upper end are provided with third attachment device, first stretch rod with
Second stretch rod lower end is provided with the 4th attachment device matched with the third attachment device, in combination different number
When cabinet, required 10 length of stretching device is different, can be stretched using the above design by increasing stretch rod quantity to extend
The length of device.
Drainage hole 3 is set on 11 left plate of acquisition device and/or right side plate lower face, is set on the drainage hole 3
There is strainer, the aperture of filter screen is less than the minimum grain size for needing the silt studied, and after acquisition device obtains water sample, passes through draining
Water can be expelled directly out by hole from acquisition device.
From the front to the strainer 1 for being equipped with multi-layer movable installation below, 1 aperture of strainer in the acquisition device 11
From front to being gradually reduced below, the minimum-value aperture of strainer is less than the minimum grain size for needing the silt studied, in use, can be only
The water-stop sheet 2 of front is installed.
It is provided with thermometer 4 on the left plate or right side plate of the acquisition device 11, can be recorded simultaneously in acquisition
The temperature of different water depth.
First attachment device 5 is telescopic device, is equipped with scale outside the telescopic device, uses telescopic device can be with
Reduce the first attachment device and occupy volume, using scale design, can be used to calculate the depth of acquisition device in water.
When using the device, the h that fathoms is determined according to Practical Project situation first, obtains sampling apparatus quantity n=[h/m]
+ 1, m is the box height, is to guarantee there is certain surplus capacity under concrete condition, can suitably increase one or two sampling
Device, since the combination unit is generated biggish moment of flexure by linearly increasing water pressure under water, therefore quantity also can not mistake
It is more, it is contemplated that the rigidity of the material of producing device reasonably selects.
According to determining n value, n acquisition device, n cabinet, stretching device, top plate and the second attachment device are carried out
Assembling, the second protruding portion on acquisition device bottom plate is caught in the groove in box baseplate, the first of 2n water-stop sheet is dashed forward
Portion 7 is caught in the aperture on two sides of stretching device U-shaped structure out.
It places a device into water, pull-up stretching device 10 stands the stretching of pushing in one minute to pull-up water-stop sheet 2 after stablizing
Device 10 drives water-stop sheet 2 to close the opening on 11 front and back two sides of acquisition device, and Cong Shuizhong takes out the sampling apparatus, takes out acquisition
Water is discharged device, measures silt content using traditional weighing method, every layer of sample weighing quality m is taken out, wherein taking sampling apparatus
The product of length, width and height is volume V, and the silt content in each device is measured and has just obtained vertical silt content distribution, takes multiple groups
Such assembling device repeatedly measures available vertical silt content and is distributed the situation of change changed over time.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river, characterized in that described including acquisition device (11) and apparatus for placing (12)
Acquisition device (11) is cube container, and the acquisition device (11) includes left plate, right side plate, bottom plate and cover board, described to adopt
It is provided with water-stop sheet movable up and down (2) at acquisition means (11) open front and after-opening, the apparatus for placing (12) is if include
The cabinet (6) for placing the acquisition device, stretching device (10), top plate and the setting of dry vertical flexible connection are being pushed up
The first attachment device (5) on plate, the cabinet (6) include left plate, right side plate and bottom plate, and cabinet (6) height is big
In the acquisition device (11) height, the acquisition device (11) is movably arranged on the cabinet (6) bottom plate, the stretching dress
It sets (10) to connect with the water-stop sheet (2), the second attachment device, the water-stop sheet (2) is equipped at the top of the stretching device (10)
Top is equipped with the first protruding portion (7), and the stretching device (10) is solid equipped with second for fixing first protruding portion (7)
Determine device.
2. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1, characterized in that the stretching device (10)
For U-shaped structure, the U-shaped structure is opening down, and two sides of the U-shaped structure are respectively the first stretch rod and the second stretch rod,
The described second fixed device is symmetrically arranged on first stretch rod and second stretch rod.
3. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 2, characterized in that on the left of the cabinet (6)
There are two card slot up and down, first stretch rod and institutes towards setting in the plate face of the box house for plate or right side plate
The second stretch rod is stated to be movably arranged on respectively in two card slots.
4. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 2, characterized in that first stretch rod with
Second stretch rod upper end is provided with third attachment device, and first stretch rod is provided with second stretch rod lower end
The 4th attachment device matched with the third attachment device.
5. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1, characterized in that on the left of the cabinet (6)
Plate and/or right side plate are flexibly connected with the cabinet (6) bottom plate, and acquisition device (11) the bottom plate both ends are equipped with the second protruding portion
(8), cabinet (6) the bottom plate both ends are equipped with the groove (9) to match with second protruding portion (8).
6. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1, characterized in that the acquisition device (11)
It is provided on left plate and/or right side plate lower face drainage hole (3), the drainage hole (3) is equipped with strainer, the aperture of filter screen
Less than the minimum grain size for the silt for needing to study.
7. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1-6, characterized in that the acquisition
From the front to the strainer (1) for being equipped with multi-layer movable installation below in device (11), strainer (1) aperture is from front to below
It is gradually reduced.
8. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1-6, characterized in that the acquisition
Thermometer (4) are provided on the left plate or right side plate of device (11).
9. the vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in a kind of river according to claim 1-6, characterized in that described first
Attachment device (5) is telescopic device, is equipped with scale outside the telescopic device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611050330.7A CN106769198B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611050330.7A CN106769198B (en) | 2016-11-25 | 2016-11-25 | A kind of vertical suspended load sampling apparatus in river |
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| CN106769198A CN106769198A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106769198B true CN106769198B (en) | 2019-07-12 |
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| CN108414280B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2020-08-11 | 四川大学 | Suspended load sediment layered sampler for river model test and sampling method |
| CN108168959B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2020-08-18 | 江西理工大学 | Pushed sediment sampler and using method thereof |
| CN108344600B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2024-02-13 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Synchronous collection system for multiple particle size microplastic samples in water bodies of different depths |
| CN111521434B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-10-15 | 上海交通大学 | Synchronous measurement method for vertical distribution of suspended fine particulate matters in river |
| CN110006680A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-12 | 长江流域水环境监测中心 | A kind of quantitative collection device and method for canal for water conveyance zoobenthos |
| CN111721682A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-09-29 | 大连理工大学 | Device capable of synchronously measuring silt concentration at different water depths |
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| CN201425559Y (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2010-03-17 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Suspended load layered sampler |
| CN101592565A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2009-12-02 | 河海大学 | Be used to obtain the press-in type slide-vane sampler and the sampling method of rare soft mud sample |
| CN203629888U (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-06-04 | 国家海洋环境监测中心（国家海洋局海洋环境保护研究所） | Sediment capturing device with multilayer collection function |
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