CN211235856U - Soil sample disintegration test device under action of flowing water - Google Patents
Soil sample disintegration test device under action of flowing water Download PDFInfo
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- CN211235856U CN211235856U CN201922321236.6U CN201922321236U CN211235856U CN 211235856 U CN211235856 U CN 211235856U CN 201922321236 U CN201922321236 U CN 201922321236U CN 211235856 U CN211235856 U CN 211235856U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a soil disintegration test technical field discloses a soil sample disintegration test device under action of flowing water, including the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates, the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates includes weighing device, elevating gear and holds the device, weighing device is connected with elevating gear, elevating gear is used for the drive to hold the device and follows vertical direction reciprocating motion, this test device still includes the test tube, blow the getter device and be equipped with the seal box of sealed lid, the test tube level is placed, the test tube top is located to the seal box, and bottom and test tube intercommunication, the lateral wall of seal box is sealed with the pipe wall of test tube, blow the getter device and be used for to the seal box in the exhaust air or exhaust air, the inside seal box is located to the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates. The utility model discloses not only can accomplish the disintegration test under the still water state, can also change flood peak pressure and velocity of water, research soil is under certain velocity of flow, the volume of disintegrating and the rate of disintegrating take place.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a soil disintegration test technical field particularly, relates to a soil sample disintegration test device under action of flowing water.
Background
The disintegration of soil is the phenomenon that the soil is dropped, dispersed and cracked on the surface after being soaked by water. The difficulty of soil disintegration is an important index of the strength of soil erosion resistance, and the disintegration amount and the disintegration rate are generally used as indexes for evaluating the soil erosion resistance. The soil disintegration capability is influenced by factors such as soil clay particle content, water content, dry density and the like, and the disintegration test is mainly carried out indoors.
The existing soil disintegration test device mostly adopts still water to carry out the soil disintegration test, for example, patent documents of application numbers '2017209666695', '2015210678707', '201310347377X' and the like, the technical means adopted by the patent documents are the soil disintegration test in the still water, however, in practice, the soil in the hydro-fluctuation zone at two sides of a river is usually disintegrated under the action of the moving water flow, so the soil disintegration test device in the prior art cannot simulate the influence of the moving water flow on the soil disintegration and erosion under the real condition, and the disintegration quantity and the disintegration rate of the soil under the action of the moving water flow cannot be obtained.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a move soil sample disintegration test device under rivers effect, it not only can accomplish the disintegration test under the still water state, can also change hydrohead pressure and velocity of water, and research soil takes place the volume of disintegrating and the rate of disintegrating under certain velocity of flow.
The embodiment of the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a soil sample disintegration test device under the action of flowing water, which comprises a soil sample disintegration component, wherein the soil sample disintegration component comprises a weighing device, a lifting device and a containing device, the weighing device is connected with the lifting device, and the lifting device is used for driving the containing device to reciprocate along the vertical direction; this test device still includes the test tube, blows the getter device and is equipped with the seal box of sealed lid, the test tube level is placed, the seal box is located test tube top, and the bottom with the test tube intercommunication, the lateral wall of seal box with the pipe wall of test tube is sealed, blow the getter device be used for to discharge air or exhaust air in the seal box, the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates is located inside the seal box.
Utility model human finds that the existing soil disintegration test device is the disintegration volume and the disintegration rate of test soil in still water, and can not simulate the influence of the disintegration volume and the disintegration rate of flowing water to soil under the real condition.
The utility model discloses people utility model a move soil sample test device that disintegrates under rivers effect in view of the above, this test device on current soil sample test device that disintegrates's basis, through add the test tube, blow getter device and seal box simulation real circumstances under the soil in the process of disintegrating that moves the rivers to accurate definite soil is at the volume of disintegrating and the speed of disintegrating in the rivers that move of certain velocity of flow.
Optionally, the testing device further comprises a circulating water supply system, the circulating water supply system comprises a water supply tank, a water supply pipe, a water collecting tank, a backflow pipe, a circulating water pump and a water discharging pipe, one end of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water supply tank, the other end of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water inlet end of the testing pipe, the water collecting tank is arranged at the water outlet end of the testing pipe, one end of the backflow pipe is communicated with the water collecting tank, the other end of the backflow pipe is communicated with the input end of the circulating water pump, one end of the water discharging pipe is communicated with the output end of the circulating water pump, the other end of the water discharging pipe is communicated with the water supply tank.
Optionally, the circulating water supply system further comprises a vertically arranged support, the water supply tank is mounted on the support, and a water head scale used for measuring the water level of the water supply tank is arranged on the support.
Optionally, the circulating water supply system further includes an overflow pipe, one end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the return pipe, the other end of the overflow pipe extends to the top edge of the water supply tank, and an overflow port matched with the overflow pipe for use is arranged at the top edge of the water supply tank.
Optionally, the lateral wall of seal box is equipped with the water level scale, the interior bottom of seal box is equipped with the permeable stone.
Optionally, the lifting device includes a hanger, the weighing device is connected to the top of the hanger, a releaser is installed at the top of the hanger, the containing device is provided with a hook, the containing device is hung on the releaser through the hook, the containing device is connected to the hanger in a sliding manner, and a fixing block for fixing the hanger is arranged inside the seal box.
Optionally, the air blowing and sucking device comprises an air pump, an air suction pipe, an air blowing pipe and a deflation valve, one end of the air suction pipe is communicated with the input end of the air pump, the other end of the air suction pipe is communicated with the seal box, one end of the air blowing pipe is communicated with the output end of the air pump, the other end of the air blowing pipe is communicated with the seal box, and the deflation valve is installed on the seal box and is communicated with the seal box.
Optionally, the circulating water supply system further comprises a sedimentation tank, the sedimentation tank is arranged between the water outlet end of the test tube and the water collecting tank, the sedimentation tank corresponds to the water outlet end of the test tube, and the sedimentation tank is communicated with the water collecting tank through a drainage tube.
The utility model discloses technical scheme has following advantage and beneficial effect at least:
the utility model provides a test device compares in current test device, not only can accomplish the disintegration test of soil under still water state, and more importantly can accomplish the disintegration test under the flowing water state for the test condition accords with the truth more, improves the accuracy of soil disintegration test result, provides more accurate data support for follow-up research to soil disintegration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Icon: 1-weighing device, 2-holding device, 3-testing tube, 4-sealing cover, 5-sealing box, 6-flow rate tester, 7-water supply tank, 8-water supply tube, 9-water collecting tank, 10-return tube, 11-circulating water pump, 12-water discharge tube, 13-first valve, 14-second valve, 15-bracket, 16-overflow tube, 17-permeable stone, 18-hanger, 19-releaser, 20-fixing block, 21-air pump, 22-air suction tube, 23-air blowing tube, 24-air release valve, 25-sedimentation tank and 26-drainage tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, the description is only for convenience of description and simplification, but the indication or suggestion that the device or element to be referred must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and thus, cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Examples
The embodiment of the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
please refer to fig. 1 to 2, the utility model provides a soil sample disintegration test device under action of flowing water, including the soil sample disintegration subassembly, the soil sample disintegration subassembly includes weighing device 1, elevating gear and holds device 2, the selection of above-mentioned weighing device 1 is confirmed according to actual conditions, such as electronic scale, tensiometer, weighing meter and so on, elevating gear then can select releaser 19, electric capstan and so on, and should hold device 2 and preferably be the basket so that place the soil sample, make silt, stone and other impurities after the soil sample disintegrates smoothly fall into the aquatic and separate with the soil sample simultaneously, weighing device 1 is connected with elevating gear, elevating gear is used for driving and holds device 2 and along vertical direction reciprocating motion, above-mentioned soil sample disintegration subassembly is prior art, here is not redundantly described;
in addition, the testing device also comprises a testing tube 3, a blowing and sucking device and a sealing box 5 provided with a sealing cover 4, wherein the testing tube 3 is horizontally placed on the ground, two ends of the testing tube 3 are respectively used as a water inlet end and a water outlet end, a water flow buffer area is arranged inside the testing tube close to the water inlet end so as to reduce the impact force of water flow on the tube wall of the testing tube 3 and realize the stable transition of water flow, meanwhile, in order to optimize the testing process, the testing tube 3 is made of flat square transparent tube materials, the stable flow of water flow inside the testing tube 3 is ensured and the observation is convenient, a flow rate measuring instrument 6 for measuring the water flow rate is arranged inside the testing tube 3, the flow rate of water flow can be determined in other modes in practice, such as water head calculation and the like, the sealing box 5 is also supported by transparent materials and is arranged above the testing tube 3, and the bottom of the sealing box 5 is provided with, the lateral wall of seal box 5 is sealed with the pipe wall of test tube 3, avoid seal box 5 and test tube 3's intercommunication position department to appear the gap, blow the getter device and be used for the air of discharging in 5 or the exhaust seal box 5 of seal box, with the content that changes 5 interior gas of seal box, realize changing 5 inside pressure of seal box, thereby reach the purpose of adjusting the surface of water height in the seal box 5, locate seal box 5 inside with the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates simultaneously, in order to disintegrate the experiment.
Through the arrangement, when a disintegration test is carried out, a soil sample is firstly placed in the containing device 2 in the seal box 5 to ensure that a test environment is in a constant temperature state (generally, the test environment is in a normal temperature state, and the temperature change of the test environment is not large), then the seal cover 4 is closed, water with a certain water head is introduced into the water inlet end of the test tube 3, the air in the test tube 3 is finally extruded out along with the continuous water flow passing through the test tube 3, the air content in the test tube 3 is enabled to be in a relatively closed state due to the fact that the air content in the water flow is small, the pressure in the seal box 5 is kept balanced with the external pressure, and then partial air in the seal box 5 is discharged through the air blowing and sucking device, so that the air content in the seal box 5 is reduced, the internal pressure of the seal box 5 is enabled to be smaller than the external pressure, and the water in the test tube 3 overflows into the seal box 5, make the water level in the seal box 5 rise, otherwise discharge the air in to the seal box 5 through blowing the getter device, with the pressure in the increase seal box 5, make the water level in the seal box 5 descend, utilize elevating gear to hold 2 intercommunication soil samples in the lump below to the bottom of seal box 5 immediately, make the bottom surface of soil sample and the water in the test tube 3 just contact and disintegrate, the water in the test tube 3 is in the mobile state all the time in the whole disintegration process, realize the process that the soil lower surface constantly disintegrates under the simulation flowing water stream effect.
Except the influence of foretell research flowing water to soil disintegration, this test device also can realize studying still water to the influence of soil disintegration, is about to circulating water pump 11 close for rivers in the test tube 3 and the water in the seal box 5 can carry out the disintegration test of soil under the still water state for still water.
In this embodiment, in order to realize the recycling of water resources, the testing apparatus further comprises a circulating water supply system, the circulating water supply system comprises a water supply tank 7 with an open top, a water supply pipe 8, a water collecting tank 9, a return pipe 10, a circulating water pump 11 and a drain pipe 12, one end of the water supply pipe 8 is communicated with the water supply tank 7, the other end of the water supply pipe 8 is communicated with the water inlet end of the testing pipe 3 for supplying water to the testing pipe 3, the water collecting tank 9 is arranged at the water outlet end of the testing pipe 3 for recovering the water flowing out of the testing pipe 3, one end of the return pipe 10 is communicated with the water collecting tank 9, the other end of the return pipe is communicated with the input end of the circulating water pump 11, one end of the drain pipe 12 is communicated with the output end of the circulating water pump 11, the other end of the drain pipe is communicated with the water supply tank 7, the water flowing, the water with a certain water head can be supplied by setting the installation height of the water supply tank 7, meanwhile, the water supply pipe 8 is provided with the first valve 13, the water outlet end of the test tube 3 is provided with the second valve 14, and air in the test tube 3 can be quickly discharged by adjusting the opening and closing states and the flow of the first valve 13 and the second valve 14 before the test is started;
meanwhile, the circulating water supply system also comprises a vertically arranged support 15, the water supply tank 7 is arranged on the support 15 through a high-strength adjusting bolt, and the water supply pipe 8 is a telescopic pipe, so that the installation height of the water supply tank 7 on the support 15 can be adjusted, the water supply pipe 8 can be self-adapted to the installation height of the water supply tank 7, the water head size can be adjusted according to the test requirement to meet the test requirement, and meanwhile, a water head scale for measuring the water level height of the water supply tank 7 is arranged on the support 15, so that the water head size can be conveniently and quickly determined;
in addition, this circulating water supply system still includes that telescopic overflow pipe 16 is used for the mounting height of self-adaptation feed water tank 7, overflow pipe 16 one end and back flow 10 intercommunication, and its other end extends to the top edge of feed water tank 7, and the top edge of feed water tank 7 is equipped with the overflow mouth that uses with overflow pipe 16 cooperation, and water in the feed water tank 7 overflows the back and can flow back to the back flow 10 again through overflow pipe 16 in, avoids water to spill over to ground or other devices and causes the wasting of resources, destroys experimental environment.
In this embodiment, in order to conveniently determine the water level in the seal box 5, a water level gauge is arranged on the side wall of the seal box 5, and meanwhile, in order to avoid the impact generated when the water in the test tube 3 flows into the seal box 5, a permeable stone 17 for buffering is arranged at the inner bottom of the seal box 5, so as to ensure the stability of the water in the seal box 5.
In this embodiment, the lifting device includes a hanger 18 made of stainless steel, the weighing device 1 is connected to the top of the hanger 18, the releaser 19 is installed on the top of the hanger 18, the holding device 2 is provided with a hook, the holding device 2 is hung on the releaser 19 through the hook, the holding device 2 is connected to the hanger 18 in a sliding manner, in an actual test, the weighing device 1 has an upward pulling effect on the hanger 18, the fixing block 20 is arranged inside the seal box 5, and the bottom of the hanger 18 is clamped to prevent the upward movement of the hanger 18. After the releaser 19 receives the command to release, the containing device 2 slides into the water along the height direction of the hanging bracket 18, and the hanging bracket 18 plays a guiding role and simultaneously can improve the stability of the containing device 2 in the falling process.
In this embodiment, foretell air blowing and sucking device includes air pump 21, breathing pipe 22, gas blow pipe 23 and bleed valve 24, the input intercommunication of breathing pipe 22 one end and air pump 21, its other end and seal box 5 intercommunication, 23 one end of gas blow pipe communicates with the output of air pump 22, its other end and seal box 5 intercommunication, bleed valve 24 installs on seal box 5, and communicate with seal box 5, air content in the regulation seal box 5 that can be more convenient and swift through bleed valve 24 and air pump 22's mating reaction, thereby realize the water level in the quick adjustment seal box 5.
In this embodiment, considering that the water flowing out of the test tube 3 contains the silt, stone and other impurities scattered after the soil sample is disintegrated, the circulating water supply system further includes a sedimentation tank 25, the sedimentation tank 25 is disposed between the water outlet end of the test tube 3 and the water collecting tank 9, the sedimentation tank 25 corresponds to the water outlet end of the test tube 3, the sedimentation tank 25 is communicated with the water collecting tank 9 through the drainage tube 26, so that the water flowing out of the test tube 3 firstly flows into the sedimentation tank 25, the impurities in the water are precipitated through the sedimentation tank 25 and then flow into the water collecting tank 9 through the drainage tube 26, and the blockage of the pipeline caused by the impurities flowing into the return tube 10 and the circulating water pump 11 is avoided.
A soil sample disintegration test method under the action of flowing water adopts the test device in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
s1, taking soil to obtain a soil sample, selecting a cutting ring to take soil in the soil taking process, coating vaseline on the cutting ring, taking the soil again, removing the cutting ring after taking the soil, and cleaning scattered soil on the surface of the soil sample to obtain the soil sample;
s2, opening a sealing cover 4 of a sealing box 5, zeroing the weighing device 1, putting the soil sample into the containing device 2, hanging the soil sample on the releaser 19 through a hook on the containing device 2, covering the sealing cover 4, and closing an air release valve 24 and an air pump 22;
s3, closing the first valve 13, determining a water head of water flowing out of the water supply tank 7 by adjusting the installation height of the water supply tank 7, adding water into the water collection tank 9, starting the circulating water pump 11 to enable the water in the water collection tank 9 to flow into the water supply tank 7, then opening the second valve 14 to be in a full-open state, then slowly opening the first valve 13 to introduce water with a certain water head into the water inlet end of the test tube 3, then slowly tightening the second valve 14 until the water in the test tube 3 is stable and free of air, and reading and recording the water flow speed v displayed by the flow rate tester 6; it should be noted that the absence of air is only relative, and does not mean absolute absence of air, but is based on the fact that the air content in water is low, and when the test tube 3 is filled with water, it is similar to the absence of air in the test tube 3;
s4, adjusting a blowing and sucking device, namely adjusting the air pump 22 to change the gas content in the seal box 5, so that the water surface in the seal box 5 is kept below the soil sample, the soil sample is just not contacted with water, and the soil sample is prevented from being damaged by the contact of the soil sample and the water before disintegration is started;
s5, remote control triggers elevating gear's releaser 19 for hold device 2 and soil sample transfer in the lump to the aquatic in seal box 5, make the bottom of soil sample just with the water contact in test tube 3, consider that soil sample has buoyancy of water and soil sample self to absorb water when just entering water and cause the influence to soil sample's weight, consequently soil sample's initial weight is the weight when soil sample's bottom surface just contacts with the water in the test tube, read and record the weight G of the soil sample that weighing device 1 shows when soil sample is submerged for the first time promptly1As the initial weight of the soil sample, the weight G of the soil sample at time t after disintegration is then obtained by the weighing device 12And the weight G of the soil sample at the end of disintegration3And the time t taken for the whole disintegration processe；
And S6, calculating and obtaining the disintegration amount and the disintegration rate of the soil sample under the action of the flowing water with the water flow velocity v according to the obtained data parameters.
The specific calculation method is as follows:
cumulative disintegration amount of soil sample at time t:
the disintegration rate of the soil sample within 0-t time is as follows:
the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A soil sample disintegration test device under the action of flowing water comprises a soil sample disintegration component, the soil sample disintegration component comprises a weighing device, a lifting device and a containing device, the weighing device is connected with the lifting device, the lifting device is used for driving the containing device to reciprocate along the vertical direction, and the soil sample disintegration test device is characterized in that,
still include the test tube, blow the getter device and be equipped with the seal box of sealed lid, the test tube level is placed, the seal box is located the test tube top, and the bottom with the test tube intercommunication, the lateral wall of seal box with the pipe wall of test tube is sealed, blow the getter device be used for to air or exhaust air are discharged in the seal box, the soil sample subassembly that disintegrates is located inside the seal box.
2. The soil sample disintegration tester under the action of running water flow as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a circulating water supply system, wherein the circulating water supply system comprises a water supply tank, a water supply pipe, a water collection tank, a return pipe, a circulating water pump and a drain pipe, one end of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water supply tank, the other end of the water supply pipe is communicated with the water inlet end of the test pipe, the water collection tank is arranged at the water outlet end of the test pipe, one end of the return pipe is communicated with the water collection tank, the other end of the return pipe is communicated with the input end of the circulating water pump, one end of the drain pipe is communicated with the output end of the circulating water pump, the other end of the drain pipe is communicated with the water supply tank, a first valve is arranged on the water.
3. The soil sample disintegration test device under the action of flowing water of claim 2, wherein the circulating water supply system further comprises a vertically arranged support, the water supply tank is mounted on the support, and a water head scale for measuring the water level of the water supply tank is arranged on the support.
4. The soil sample disintegration test device under the action of running water flow of claim 3, wherein the circulating water supply system further comprises an overflow pipe, one end of the overflow pipe is communicated with the return pipe, the other end of the overflow pipe extends to the top edge of the water supply tank, and the top edge of the water supply tank is provided with an overflow port matched with the overflow pipe for use.
5. A soil sample disintegration test device according to claim 1 wherein the side wall of the sealing box is provided with a water level gauge and the internal bottom of the sealing box is provided with a permeable stone.
6. The soil sample disintegration test device under the action of running water flow as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises a hanger, the weighing device is connected with the top of the hanger, a releaser is mounted on the top of the hanger, the containing device is provided with a hook, the containing device is hung on the releaser through the hook, the containing device is connected with the hanger in a sliding manner, and a fixing block for fixing the hanger is arranged inside the sealed box.
7. The soil sample disintegration test device under the action of running water flow of claim 1, wherein the air blowing and sucking device comprises an air pump, an air suction pipe, an air blowing pipe and a deflation valve, one end of the air suction pipe is communicated with an input end of the air pump, the other end of the air suction pipe is communicated with the seal box, one end of the air blowing pipe is communicated with an output end of the air pump, the other end of the air blowing pipe is communicated with the seal box, and the deflation valve is mounted on the seal box and is communicated with the seal box.
8. The soil sample disintegration test device under the action of flowing water of claim 2, wherein the circulating water supply system further comprises a sedimentation tank, the sedimentation tank is arranged between the water outlet end of the test tube and the water collecting tank, the sedimentation tank corresponds to the water outlet end of the test tube, and the sedimentation tank is communicated with the water collecting tank through a drainage tube.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113884652A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-01-04 | 淮河水利水电开发有限公司 | Test device and test method for measuring soil body disintegration amount and disintegration rate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113884652A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-01-04 | 淮河水利水电开发有限公司 | Test device and test method for measuring soil body disintegration amount and disintegration rate |
| CN113884652B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-02-27 | 淮河水利水电开发有限公司 | Test device and test method for measuring soil body disintegration quantity and disintegration rate |
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