CN108693328B - Method for measuring sand saturation - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 35
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring sand saturation, which comprises the following steps: (1) putting a sandy soil sample with the volume of V into a sample container, and vacuumizing the sandy soil sample in the sample container and a constant head device; (2) introducing carbon dioxide into the vacuumized sandy soil sample and the constant head device; (3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) for a plurality of times; (4) simultaneously vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and the constant head saturation device; (5) carrying out constant head saturation on the sandy soil sample by using a constant head device until the surface of the sandy soil sample is immersed by water liquid; (6) exposing the sandy soil sample saturated by the constant head to atmospheric normal pressure P1; (7) vacuumizing the sandy soil sample to P2 again; (8) measuring the change in the level of the liquid in the sample container at different pressures in steps (6) and (7) and obtaining therefrom the change in volume Δ V; (9) and then calculating the saturation Sr of the sandy soil sample by utilizing a saturation formula.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a geotechnical experiment technology, in particular to a method for measuring sandy soil saturation.
Background
In solving the geological problems associated with various types of engineering construction, it is necessary to know the engineering geology of the rock and soil, and the engineering geology of the soil includes physical, hydraulic and mechanical properties, wherein the physical properties are some properties indicating the physical state of the soil and are expressed by the basic physical indexes of the soil, some of the indexes directly measure, for example, water content, density, specific gravity, volume and the like, and some of the indexes calculate, for example, saturation and the like. The saturation degree of soil refers to the ratio of the volume occupied by water in soil pores to the volume of the soil pores, and represents the degree of filling of water in the pores. The saturation can reflect the dryness and the humidity and the property of the soil, and has important significance in the actual engineering. For the liquefaction of geotechnical engineering, the saturation of soil is an important index for judging the liquefaction of sandy soil, and the saturation test has important significance all the time.
The saturation measurement is obtained mainly indirectly by calculation, and the calculation is often biased by various factors. At present, no relevant saturation test method exists for model experiments.
Accordingly, there is a need for techniques in this regard.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for testing vacuum saturation and saturation, which can be used for testing the sand saturation and have the advantages of simple and convenient operation and visual and reliable result.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of determining sand saturation, comprising:
(1) and putting the sandy soil sample with the volume V into the sample container, and vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and the constant head device at the same time.
(2) Introducing carbon dioxide into the vacuumized sandy soil sample and the constant head device,
(3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) for a plurality of times,
(4) simultaneously vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and the constant head device;
(5) carrying out constant head saturation on the sandy soil sample by using a constant head device until the surface of the sandy soil sample is immersed by water liquid;
(6) exposing the sandy soil sample saturated by the constant head to atmospheric normal pressure P1;
(7) vacuumizing the sandy soil sample to the pressure of P2 again;
(8) measuring the change in the level of the liquid in the sample container at different pressures in steps (6) and (7) and obtaining therefrom the change in volume Δ V;
(9) the saturation Sr of the sandy soil sample is calculated by the following formula:
Sr＝Vw/Vv·100％
Vv＝Va+Vw
Vv＝V-Vs＝V-Ms/ρd
Va·P1＝V2·P2
V2＝Va+△V
wherein V is the total volume of the sandy soil sample, Vv is the pore volume in the sandy soil sample, Vw is the volume of water in the sandy soil sample, Vs is the solid volume in the sandy soil sample, Va is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P1 in the step (6), V2 is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P2 in the step (7), Ms is the solid mass of the sandy soil sample, ρdIs sandDry density of soil samples.
Further, the step (8) includes detecting a change Δ h in liquid level height using a saturation measuring device including a laser generator, and obtaining a change Δ V in volume using the change Δ h multiplied by a bottom area S of the sample container.
Further, the step (8) includes emitting the incident light by a saturation measuring device including a laser generator, detecting a change Δ L of the distance in the horizontal direction of the incident light at the liquid surface incidence position, and then obtaining a change Δ h of the liquid surface height by tan α ·Δl, where α is the incidence angle of the incident light with respect to the liquid surface.
Further, the step (8) includes emitting the incident light, which is perpendicularly incident on the liquid surface, by using a saturation measuring device including a laser generator, and measuring a change Δ h in the height of the liquid surface by using the reflected light.
Further, steps (8) and (9) are performed by a computer program element.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for vacuum saturation and saturation testing, comprising:
a vacuum saturation device 10; a constant head device 20; a vacuum pump 30; and a carbon dioxide gas delivery device 40, and a saturation measuring device 60;
wherein, the vacuum saturation device 10 comprises a sample vacuum box 11, a sample container 12 arranged in the sample vacuum box 11, and a pressure gauge 14 arranged on the sample vacuum box 11;
the saturation measuring device 60 comprises a laser emitter 61, and the saturation measuring device 60 is arranged on the vacuum saturation device 10;
the constant head device 20 comprises a constant head vacuum box 21, a constant head device body 22 arranged in the constant head vacuum box 21, a constant head water inlet pipe 23 and a constant head water outlet pipe 24; the constant head device body 22 comprises an inner cylinder 221, an outer cylinder 222 and an inlet and outlet water pump 223 connected with the inner cylinder 221 and the outer cylinder 222, and a constant head water inlet pipe 23 and a constant head water outlet pipe 24 penetrate through the constant head vacuum box 21 and are communicated with the inner cylinder 221;
the vacuum pump 30 is communicated with the vacuum saturation device 10 and the constant head device 20;
the gas pipe of the carbon dioxide gas transmission device 40 passes through the sample vacuum box 11 to be communicated with the sample container 12, and the constant head water outlet pipe 24 passes through the sample vacuum box 11 to be communicated with the sample container 12. Meanwhile, the gas conveying pipe of the carbon dioxide gas conveying device 40 is also communicated with the constant head device 20.
Further, the constant head device 20 further includes a pressure gauge disposed on the constant head vacuum tank 21.
Further, the constant head device 20 further includes a water inlet pump 25 connected to the constant head water inlet pipe 23.
Further, the saturation measuring device 60 is disposed on the inner top surface of the sample vacuum box 11 above the sample container 12.
Further, a switch device is arranged on the sample vacuum box 11.
Further, the system for determining the sand saturation further comprises a data processing unit 50, which receives the detection data of the saturation measuring device 60 and calculates the sand saturation accordingly.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the saturation measuring device 60 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the sample container 12, and the vacuum saturation device 10 further includes a floating plate 15 with a scale placed in the sample container 12.
Further, the top surface of the sample vacuum box 11 is transparent or provided with an observation window on the top surface.
Further, the constant head device 20 further includes a flow meter (not shown) disposed on the constant head water outlet pipe (24) for measuring the amount of water output from the constant head device 20 when the sample is saturated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system for vacuum saturation and saturation testing according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a constant head device (constant head vacuum box not shown) according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for determining sand saturation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of detecting a change in liquid level in a sample container using a saturation measuring device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the three phases solid, liquid and gas in a sandy soil sample in a sample container according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the change in volume and pressure of gas in a sandy soil sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for vacuum saturation and saturation testing according to one embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the vacuum saturation and saturation test system of the present invention includes: a vacuum saturation device 10, a constant head device 20, a vacuum pump 30, a carbon dioxide gas delivery device 40 and a data processing unit 50, and a saturation measuring device 60 (see fig. 4) including a laser generator 61.
As shown, the vacuum saturation apparatus 10 includes a sample vacuum box 11, a sample container 12 disposed in the sample vacuum box 11, and a pressure gauge 14 disposed on the sample vacuum box 11.
The sample container 12 is used for holding a sandy soil sample to be detected, and generally has a regular shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a cylinder, or the like, so that the length, width, and height thereof can be known in advance, and the change in volume can be obtained by detecting the change in the liquid level (after saturation with water) therein. The top surface of the sample container 12 is generally open, thereby facilitating sample placement and, if disposed thereon, the positioning and detection of the saturation measuring device 60. The sample container 12 is placed in the sample vacuum box 11 at a position not particularly limited as long as it is placed and fixed. The sample container 12 is provided at the bottom or side with a port (not shown) connected to the aeration tube of the carbon dioxide gas delivery device 40 and the constant head water outlet tube 24 of the constant head device 20, whereby aeration and filling of the sample can be performed.
The sample vacuum box 11 is used for containing the sample container 12 and for evacuating the sample container 12. The shape and material thereof are not particularly required as long as they are suitable for vacuum evacuation, and may be made of, for example, a transparent organic material. The sample vacuum box 11 may be provided with a pressure gauge for displaying the pressure in the sample vacuum box 11, for example, the pressure value after vacuum pumping. The sample vacuum box 11 is provided with a through hole (not shown) for the carbon dioxide gas transmission device 40 to pass through and the constant head water outlet pipe 24. Like the interface of the sample container 12, such a through hole provides a seal with the gas tube and water tube, and is impermeable to water or gas.
A saturation measuring device 60 comprising a laser emitter 61 is used to detect the level and volume change of the sample after it has been saturated with water, for example such a saturation measuring device 60 may be provided in the sample container 12, as shown in fig. 4. The saturation measuring device 60 is disposed on an upper portion of a sidewall of the sample container 12, and a graduated float 15 may be further disposed in the sample container 12. The float 15 may be substantially the same length as the sample container 12, but may vary, e.g., rise or fall, with changes in the liquid level in the sample container 12. As shown in fig. 4, the laser emitter 61 can emit laser light at a certain angle α (incident angle of incident light with respect to the liquid surface) onto the float 15 on the liquid surface in the sample container 12, and the float 15 is provided with a scale so that the value of the incident position can be recorded. When the liquid level rises (or falls), the float 15 changes, and the incident position of the incident light changes. Thereby, the difference L before and after the change of the incident position of the incident light can be obtained and further the change Δ h of the liquid level can be obtained.
The difference L can be obtained by recognition and calculation by the laser measuring device itself, or by observation with the human eye. For example, the top surface of the sample vacuum box 11 may be transparent or provided with an observation window on the top surface, whereby the incident position and the variation value can be determined by observation of human eyes.
Of course, the saturation measuring device 60 including the laser emitter 61 may also be disposed on other components of the vacuum saturation device 10, such as the sample vacuum box 11. The saturation measuring device 60 may be disposed on the inner top surface of the sample vacuum box 11 above the sample container 12. Thus, the laser measuring device emits incident light which is vertically incident on the liquid surface, and the change Δ h of the liquid surface height is measured by the reflected light. Such laser measuring devices are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In addition, a switching device (not shown), such as a switching valve, may be provided on the sample vacuum tank 11. The device can be closed while the sample vacuum box 11 is being evacuated, and can be opened when a vacuum is not needed, thereby being exposed to atmospheric pressure.
Referring to fig. 1, the constant head device 20 includes a constant head vacuum tank 21, a constant head device body 22 disposed in the constant head vacuum tank 21, a constant head water inlet pipe 23, a constant head water outlet pipe 24, and a water inlet pump 25 connected to the constant head water inlet pipe 23. The gas pipe of the carbon dioxide gas conveying device 40 is also communicated with the constant head device (20), for example, the constant head vacuum box 21, and the tightness of the connection should be kept when the gas pipe is communicated. In addition, a pressure gauge may be provided on the constant head vacuum tank 21 to monitor the vacuum condition of the constant head device 20.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a constant head device (constant head vacuum box is not shown) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The constant head device body 22 comprises an inner cylinder 221, an outer cylinder 222 and an inlet and outlet water pump 223 connected with the inner cylinder 221 and the outer cylinder 222, wherein a constant head water inlet pipe 23 and a constant head water outlet pipe 24 penetrate through the constant head vacuum box 21 to be communicated with the inner cylinder 221, and the connection tightness is kept when the constant head water inlet pipe 23 and the constant head water outlet pipe 24 are communicated; the constant head water outlet pipe 24 is communicated with the sample container 12 of the vacuum saturation device 10.
In operation, water continuously enters the inner barrel 221 through the water inlet pipe 23 under the action of the water inlet pump 25, the water in the inner barrel 221 overflows to the outer barrel 222 after being excessive, and the water in the outer barrel 222 circulates back to the inner barrel 221 through the action of the water inlet and outlet pump 223. Whereby the head of water in the inner drum 221 remains constant.
The vacuum pump 30 is communicated with the vacuum box 11 of the vacuum saturation device 10 and the vacuum box 21 of the constant head device 20, and the carbon dioxide gas transmission device 40 is also communicated with the constant head device 20 and the vacuum box 11 of the vacuum saturation device 10, so that the vacuum and the gas can be pumped or charged simultaneously. For example, by simultaneously evacuating and charging the constant head device 20 and the vacuum saturation device 10, the sufficiency of saturation can be ensured, the stability of the head can be maintained when the sandy soil is saturated, the gas dissolved in the saturated water in the constant head device 20 can be eliminated, and the detection accuracy can be improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the system of the present invention may further include a data processing unit 50. The data processing unit 50 can receive the detection data transmitted by the saturation measuring device 60 and process the detection data to calculate related parameters and the saturation of the sand. For example, data may be wirelessly transmitted between the data processing unit 50 and the saturation measuring device 60, and the data processing unit 50 processes the data to output a final result.
The process and operating principle of the present invention for saturation detection of a sand sample using the system of the present invention are described in detail below.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for determining sand saturation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
referring to fig. 3, according to the method for determining the sand saturation of the present invention, firstly, the vacuum saturation device 10 is vacuumized by the vacuum pump 30, that is, the sand sample is vacuumized, and simultaneously, the constant head device 20 is vacuumized, then the carbon dioxide is delivered to the sand sample and the constant head device 20 by the carbon dioxide gas delivery device 40, for example, the atmospheric pressure is reached, and then the steps of vacuuming and delivering carbon dioxide are repeated, for example, 5,6,7 times and so on. Then, the constant head device 20 and the vacuum saturation device 10 are simultaneously evacuated by the vacuum pump 30, and then the sandy soil sample is subjected to constant head saturation by the constant head device 20 in a vacuum state until the water surface is submerged over the surface of the sample (refer to fig. 4). After saturation, a switching device (not shown), such as an on-off valve, on the sample vacuum box 11 is opened, thereby exposing the sample to atmospheric pressure (P1). The sample is then evacuated to a pressure, such as P2, P2 may be 1/2,1/5, 1/10,1/20 of P1, and the like. In this process, a change Δ L in the horizontal direction distance of the incident light at the liquid surface incidence position under different pressures such as P1 and P2 is measured by the saturation measuring device 60 including the laser generator 61, and then a change Δ h in the liquid surface height is obtained by tan α ·Δl, where α is the incident angle of the incident light with respect to the liquid surface (refer to fig. 4), or the change Δ h in the liquid surface height is measured by the reflected light by emitting the incident light vertically incident on the liquid surface by the saturation measuring device 60 including the laser generator 61. The volume of change Δ V is then derived using Δ h × S, where S is the bottom area of the sample container 12.
The principle of the measurement of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of three phases, solid-liquid-gas, in a sandy soil sample in a sample container according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the change in volume and pressure of gas in a sandy soil sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, there are generally voids in the sand sample, and the voids in the saturated sample are occupied by water and gas, as shown in fig. 6. According to the Boyle's law, the product of the pressure and the volume of a gas (i.e., pV) has a constant value under the conditions of constant mass and constant temperature. Therefore, the gas contained in the sandy soil sample after saturation substantially conforms to the law, that is, P1 × V1 ═ P2 × V2, where P1 is the normal pressure, P2 is the pressure after evacuation, and V2-V1 ═ Δ V (see fig. 6). Note that since the pressure generated by the liquid level of water is substantially negligible with respect to the atmospheric pressure or the pressure P2 after evacuation, the pressure change due to the liquid level change is not considered in the calculation, and the influence thereof is negligible.
In the above process, the change in volume V2-V1 ═ Δ V can be obtained by Δ h × S, and then the value of V1, that is, another gas V1 (hereinafter also referred to as Va) contained in the saturated sample under normal pressure can be calculated from the above formula P1 × V1 ═ P2 × V2 (where P1 is normal pressure and is about 101.325kPa, and P2 is the pressure after evacuation).
The saturation Sr of the sand sample can be calculated in the definition of the saturation of the bonded soil. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Sr-Vw/Vv-100% saturation definitional formula
Vv＝Va+Vw
Vv＝V-Vs＝V-Ms/ρd
Wherein, V is the total volume of the sandy soil sample, Vv is the pore volume in the sandy soil sample, Vw is the volume of water in the sandy soil sample, Vs is the solid volume in the sandy soil sample, Va (V1) is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P1, V2 is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P2, Ms is the solid mass (dry weight) of the sandy soil sample, and ρ d is the dry density of the sandy soil sample.
Of these, V, Ms, ρ d can be measured by a conventional method, which is well known in the art and therefore not described in detail, before detecting the saturation.
The calculation can be performed manually or by a computer, for example, the system of the present invention may include a data processing unit 50 in which a designed software module is stored, and the saturation can be calculated after the data processing unit 50 receives the detection data transmitted from the saturation measuring device 60 including the laser generator 61.
Example-measurement of a Sand sample Using the System of the invention
A sandy soil sample is put into a sample container 12 of a vacuum saturation device 10, and the sample and a constant water head device are vacuumized and carbonated by using the device provided by the invention for three times;
vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and the constant head device again, and then performing constant head saturation on the sandy soil sample by using the constant head device until the surface of the sandy soil sample is immersed by the water liquid;
then exposing the sandy soil sample saturated by the constant head to atmospheric normal pressure P1;
the sand sample was again evacuated to a pressure of P2 (P1 of about 2/1);
measuring the change of the liquid level in the sample container under different pressures by emitting laser with an incidence angle alpha of 5.71 degrees by using a saturation measuring device 60, and calculating the change of the volume; and finally, calculating the saturation.
Experimental conditions and results: the sandy soil initially had a height of 50cm, a void ratio of 1, a laser incident angle α of 5.71 °, a P1 of about 101.325kPa, a P2 of 1/2P1, a laser incident position moving distance Δ L of 36.5mm, a rise height of 3.65mm, and a saturation of 97.08% as calculated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A method of determining sand saturation, comprising:
(1) putting a sandy soil sample with the volume of V into a sample container, and vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and a constant head device at the same time;
(2) introducing carbon dioxide into the vacuumized sandy soil sample and the constant head device;
(3) repeating the steps (1) and (2) for a plurality of times;
(4) simultaneously vacuumizing the sandy soil sample and the constant head saturation device;
(5) carrying out constant head saturation on the sandy soil sample by using a constant head device until the surface of the sandy soil sample is immersed by water liquid;
(6) exposing the sandy soil sample saturated by the constant head to atmospheric normal pressure P1;
(7) vacuumizing the sandy soil sample to the pressure of P2 again;
(8) measuring the change in the level of the liquid in the sample container at different pressures in steps (6) and (7) and obtaining therefrom the change in volume Δ V;
(9) the saturation Sr of the sandy soil sample is calculated by the following formula:
Sr＝Vw/Vv·100％
Vv＝Va+Vw
Vv＝V-Vs＝V-Ms/ρd
Va·P1＝V2·P2
V2＝Va+△V
wherein V is the total volume of the sandy soil sample, Vv is the pore volume in the sandy soil sample, Vw is the volume of water in the sandy soil sample, Vs is the solid volume in the sandy soil sample, Va is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P1 in the step (6), V2 is the gas volume in the sandy soil sample under the pressure of P2 in the step (7), Ms is the solid mass of the sandy soil sample, and ρ d is the dry density of the sandy soil sample.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step (8) comprises detecting a change Δ h in liquid level height using a saturation measuring device comprising a laser generator and obtaining a change in volume Δ V using Δ h multiplied by a bottom area S of the sample container.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step (8) comprises emitting the incident light with the saturation measuring device comprising a laser generator, detecting a change Δ L in a horizontal direction distance of the incident light at the liquid level incidence position, and then obtaining the change Δ h in the liquid level height with tan α ·Δl, where α is an incidence angle of the incident light with respect to the liquid level.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein step (8) comprises emitting incident light with the saturation measuring device comprising a laser generator, perpendicularly incident on the liquid surface, and measuring the change Δ h in the height of the liquid surface with the reflected light.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein steps (8) and (9) are performed by a computer program element.
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| CN113702119B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-10-14 | 同济大学 | Device and method for preparing low-disturbance high-saturation sandy soil sample in model test |
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