JP6345779B2 - Water sampling apparatus and water sampling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a water collection device for collecting water from seawater, land water, a liquid sample in a plant, etc., and is associated with marine surveys, lake surveys, well water surveys, environmental surveys, liquid analysis surveys in plants, and marine construction. It can be used for investigation of turbidity components, investigation of the effects of hot effluent from power plants, investigation of diffusion of factory effluent, etc., and measurement of viscosity coefficient.

In the conventional water sampling device, a water sampling container having a certain volume is submerged to a specific depth, and a water sampling port is opened there (for example, refer to Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). In this method, the surrounding water tank may be disturbed by the cover. However, when investigating the abundance of living organisms, organisms often detect and escape turbulence generated by lid movement, which affects the accuracy of existing abundance measurements. It had been.
In lakes and oceans, the objects to be measured are distributed in the depth direction. However, when conducting distribution surveys by sampling by depth, it is necessary to consider that the original distribution structure is not disturbed as much as possible.
Further, in order to measure the depth distribution, for example, 10 water collection chambers are required if 10 layers of water are to be measured.
On the other hand, in order to measure the plankton existing amount, if the population density of the target plankton is n [pieces / ml], if the population density is about 10 individuals, the number density can be discussed as n / 10> 1. That's fine. For example, in the case of phytoplankton in the coastal area, the cell number density is usually 10 [cells / ml] or more, so water collection of about 1 [ml] is sufficient.
On the other hand, it is known from the measurements so far that there are fine vertical distributions and spatial distributions of chemical concentrations and biomass in oceans, lakes and rivers. Therefore, in order to examine these distributions, it is necessary to continuously collect water at different depths, different points, and different times. However, since the sea is vast and the situation changes frequently from time to time, it is necessary to collect water at many points and at many depths. Therefore, it is desirable that the water sampling device is inexpensive and the water sampling is completed in a short time.
The viscosity of seawater and water is highly temperature dependent, and it is desirable to measure while maintaining the temperature. The viscosity coefficient is measured using a rheometer as described in Non-Patent Document 3 or the like, or is measured using a capillary viscometer. For this reason, it was necessary to take the seawater to the laboratory and measure it. Therefore, there is a possibility that the viscosity of the sea area is changing, and in order to measure the viscosity coefficient by depth, location, and time, it was necessary to sample that number of samples.

Japan Meteorological Agency, “Ocean Observation Guidelines” 1999 Oliver, Wurl, ed. "Practical guidelines for the analysis of seawater" Chapter 1 Sampling and sample treatments., CRC Press (2009) I Jenkinson, `` Bulk-phase viscoelastic properties of seawater '', Oceanologica Acta 16 (4), 317-334 (1993)

A water sampling device that does not disturb the surrounding water tank during water sampling and does not disturb the layer as much as possible, and can be continuously sampled at different depths, different points, and at different times, and is small and inexpensive. An object is to provide a water sampling device.
Furthermore, it aims at providing the apparatus which measures the viscosity coefficient of the ocean and land water on-site.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a narrow tube for storing a sucked sample, a vacuum chamber, a solenoid valve provided in the middle of a pipe line connecting one end of the thin tube and the vacuum chamber, A water sampling apparatus comprising a suction port for sucking a sample, and a fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a conduit connecting the other end of the thin tube and the suction port, wherein the solenoid valve is a solenoid valve. When opened, one end of the thin tube communicates with the vacuum chamber and sucks the sample from the suction port by vacuum suction. The fluid insertion means separates the sample from the sample in the middle of the sucked sample. The sample held in the narrow tube by inserting the fluid is separated by the other fluid.
Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that, in the water sampling apparatus, the thin tube is wound around and accommodated in a water sampling bobbin that is detachable from the water sampling apparatus.
Further, the present invention is the above-described water sampling apparatus, wherein a sample arrival sensor is provided on the upstream side of the electromagnetic valve in a pipe line connecting one end of the thin tube and the vacuum chamber, and is sucked and held in the thin tube. The electromagnetic valve is closed upon detecting that the sample has reached the sensor position.
Further, in the water sampling apparatus according to the present invention, from the difference t between a certain time after starting the suction of the sample from the suction port into the thin tube and the pressure p _{1 of the} suction port, Viscosity coefficient measuring means for obtaining the viscosity coefficient η of the sample using Hagen-Poiseuille's law is provided. If the flow rate is in a state that can be regarded as steady, the time after a certain amount may be the time when the sample reaches the arrival sensor.
In the water sampling apparatus according to the present invention, the suction port pressure p ₁ is calculated from a depth of the suction port.
The present invention also provides a capillary tube for storing the aspirated sample, a pump provided in the pressure vessel, a pipe line connecting one end of the capillary tube and the suction side of the pump, and aspirating the sample. A water sampling apparatus comprising a suction port and a fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a conduit connecting the other end of the narrow tube and the suction port, and connected to the suction side of the pump by turning on the pump The sample is sucked from the suction port by sucking from one end of the thin tube, and the exhaust of the pump is exhausted into the pressure vessel, and the fluid insertion provided in the pressure vessel The means separates the sample held in the capillary by inserting a fluid different from the sample in the middle of the sample to be aspirated, the one end of the capillary and the end Above the pipe connected to the intake side of the pump A sample arrival sensor on the side and an electromagnetic valve on the downstream side, detecting that the sample sucked and held in the narrow tube has reached the position of the sample arrival sensor, closing the electromagnetic valve and turning off the pump It is characterized by.
Moreover, the present invention is characterized in that, in the water sampling apparatus, the thin tube is wound around and accommodated in a water sampling bobbin that is detachable from the water sampling apparatus.
Further, the present invention is a water sampling method in which an electromagnetic valve is opened so that one end of a thin tube communicates with a vacuum chamber, a sample is vacuum sucked from a suction port, and the sucked sample is stored in the thin tube. By inserting a fluid different from the sample into the middle of the sample to be sucked by the fluid inserting means provided in the middle of the pipe line connecting the suction port and the other end of the thin tube. The sample held in the container is divided by the another fluid.
Further, the present invention provides the above-described water sampling method, wherein the entire water sampling device including the narrow tube and the vacuum chamber is adjusted to adjust the buoyancy while free-floating or free-floating or between a specific depth or a specific depth (here, a specific depth). “Between” means that water is collected from a depth of “XX” to “XX” meters), and water is collected.
In addition, the present invention measures the suction time t from the time when the sample reaches one point from the suction port to another point by opening the solenoid valve so that one end of the thin tube communicates with the vacuum chamber. From the suction port pressure p _{1 at} time t, the viscosity coefficient η of the sample is determined by Hagen-Poiseuille's law η = πa ⁴ (p ₁ −p ₂ ) / (8QL)
Where a is the radius of the capillary, L is the distance from one point to another (eg, the length of the capillary), p ₂ = 0 (vacuum), and Q = πa ² L / t This is a viscosity coefficient measurement method. Since this law is a steady flow process, the flow velocity shall be measured where it can be regarded as a steady flow in the suction pipe.
Further, according to the present invention, in the above viscosity coefficient measuring method, the viscosity coefficient is obtained while free settling or free floating or just having a specific depth by adjusting the buoyancy of the whole water sampling apparatus including the narrow tube and the vacuum chamber. It is characterized by that.
Further, the present invention sucks a sample from one end of a thin tube connected to the suction side of the pump by turning on a pump provided in the pressure vessel and sucks a sample from a suction port. A water collection method for evacuating a pressure vessel and storing the sample in the narrow tube, wherein the sample is sucked by a fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a conduit connecting the suction port and the other end of the narrow tube. By inserting a fluid different from the sample in the middle of the sample, the sample held in the narrow tube is divided by the separate fluid, and one end of the narrow tube is connected to the suction side of the pump A sample arrival sensor is provided on the upstream side in the pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the downstream side. When it is detected that the sample has reached the position of the sample arrival sensor, the electromagnetic valve is closed and the pump is turned off. .
Further, the present invention provides the above-described water sampling method, wherein the entire water sampling device including the narrow tube and the vacuum chamber is adjusted to adjust the buoyancy while free-floating or free-floating or between a specific depth or a specific depth (here, a specific depth). “Between” means that water is collected from a depth of “XX” to “XX” meters), and water is collected.

In the present invention, since continuous suction is performed, the vertical resolution can be freely set by controlling the interval at which another fluid is inserted. Similarly, the horizontal resolution and time series resolution can be set freely.
In addition, since the structure is simple, a water sampling apparatus can be manufactured at low cost.
Moreover, since water is collected in the tube, analysis after water collection is easy.
Conventionally, for example, a turbidimeter is often used in the ocean as a device for measuring turbidity on the spot, and a chlorophyll meter is used for measuring a vertical profile. You can verify what you were measuring.

It is the figure which showed one Example of the water sampling apparatus of this invention. It is the figure which showed the case where it sinks slowly, moving up and down in the depth direction using the water sampling apparatus of this invention. In the figure, the depth increases in the downward direction, and as the time passes, as shown by the up and down arrows, it slowly sinks while moving up and down.

In the water sampling apparatus of the present invention, the sample is sucked into the narrow tube, so that the sample is stored in the narrow tube in a series corresponding to the sucked time, and the position information is maintained even when the sample is taken out from the thin tube.
Further, the maintenance of the positional information is ensured by inserting another fluid such as oil or gas (for example, bubbles) into the narrow tube at the time of water sampling or after the fact.
Also, water is collected by vacuum suction without using a pump. Therefore, in the water sampling device in which the water sampling chamber is filled with air in advance, a mechanism for escaping the air to the outside is necessary. However, the vacuum suction of the present invention makes such a mechanism unnecessary. Furthermore, in the case of the air suction method, the suction force is remarkably reduced in a shallow layer having a depth of 1 [m] or less, but the vacuum method of the present invention does not have such a concern. In addition, there is a conventional method of sucking using a syringe, but in this case, a syringe drive mechanism and drive energy are required, and it is necessary to prepare as many syringes and containers as the number of samples to be collected. However, in the present invention, if the timing of inserting the isolating fluid is made high, high-definition vertical decomposition water sampling becomes possible. Similarly, high-definition horizontal decomposition water sampling, high-definition time series decomposition water sampling, etc. It becomes possible.
Furthermore, in the present invention, since the sample is sucked into the thin tube and stored, when a flowing water type analyzer is used, the vertical distribution can be measured only by flowing the sample collected by this device. Moreover, since it is isolate | separated with the foam etc. for the water stop analyzer, what is necessary is just to collect and analyze the sample for every foam in a container. Similarly, it can be used for measuring time-series changes by using bubble separation.

It is known that when a capillary is sucked into a vacuum, the flow rate of the fluid in the capillary follows Hagen-Poiseuille's law. Assuming that the sample is filled in the narrow tube, the flow rate Q is determined by the fourth power of the pressure difference p ₁ -p ₂ between the narrow tube inlet and outlet and the radius a of the narrow tube, and can be calculated by the following equation (1).
Q = πa ⁴ (p ₁ −p ₂ ) / (8ηL) (1)
Here, η is the viscosity coefficient, and L is the length of the thin tube.
With regard to the amount of water collected in the thin tube, for example, if the thin tube diameter is 4 [mmφ] and the thin tube length is 40 [m], it is possible to collect approximately 500 [cc].

Example 1
FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment which is an embodiment of the water sampling apparatus of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the thin tube employs a tube having an outer diameter of 6 [mmφ], an inner diameter of 4 [mmφ], and a length of 40 [m], and is wound around and attached to a water sampling bobbin. The water sampling bobbin is fitted on the outside of a vacuum chamber having an outer diameter of 76 [mmφ] and an internal volume of 900 [cc] and attached with a water sampling bobbin removing screw. In a pressure vessel (PVC tube, outer diameter 140 [mmφ]) connected to the vacuum chamber, batteries (two single), vapor separator for water separation, landing sensor (2), water arrival sensor, solenoid valve, water absorption A vacuum regulator for speed adjustment, a piping system, and the like are accommodated. The pressure vessel is provided with a suction port communicating with the internal conduit and two couplers with a water sampling bobbin disconnecting valve, and a water landing sensor (1) is provided on the outside. The water-separating vapor injector has a push-type solenoid, a piston, a piston biasing spring, a compression chamber (volume 0.1 to 1 [cc]), and a check valve.
A water landing sensor (2) is provided in the middle of the pipeline connected to the suction port, and a compression chamber is connected to the middle of the following pipeline via a check valve. Separator air is injected, and the subsequent pipe line is connected to a coupler with a water sampling bobbin disconnection valve. One end of a tube wound around the water sampling bobbin is connected to the coupler with the water sampling bobbin disconnection valve by the coupler. The other end of the tube is connected to another coupler with a water sampling bobbin disconnect valve. A water arrival sensor, a solenoid valve, and a vacuum regulator for adjusting the water absorption speed are provided in the middle of the pipe connected to the coupler with the water sampling bobbin disconnect valve, and then the pipe is connected to the vacuum chamber. Yes. This coupler with a water sampling bobbin disconnect valve is connected to a vacuum pump and a coupler when the vacuum chamber is evacuated.
The total length of the illustrated water sampling apparatus is 700 [mm], and the maximum diameter portion is 180 [mmφ]. It should be noted that the dimensions and the like shown in the drawings are shown for illustrative purposes and are not limited thereto.

Next, the usage method which samples water using the water sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 is demonstrated below.
(1) After introducing the water sampling device, the water absorption sensor (1) and the water arrival sensor (2) are connected to the vacuum chamber by the opening of the solenoid valve, and vacuum absorption starts. 1 [cc] separator air is injected, and then vacuum water absorption and separator air injection are repeated. The landing sensor may be one that starts operating at a predetermined depth in conjunction with a depth gauge, or one that pulls on a rope and switches on.
(2) The water absorption speed is adjusted with the restriction (conductance) of a vacuum regulator (for adjusting the water absorption speed). However, a vacuum regulator can be omitted for cost reduction if adjustment is possible with narrow tube connection and length. For example, see the description in the figure “When a vacuum regulator is not required, connection is made with a φ1.8 × φ1 tube (that is, an outer diameter of 1.8 [mmφ] and an inner diameter of 1 [mmφ])”.
(3) When water absorption proceeds to the water arrival sensor (sample arrival sensor), the solenoid valve is closed, the vapor injector solenoid is stopped, the water sampling is completed, and the device is pulled up.
(4) To replace the water sampling bobbin, disconnect the two couplers with water sampling bobbin disconnect valves and remove the water sampling bobbin removal screws to replace them.
(5) Connect the vacuum pump to the coupler with the water sampling bobbin disconnect valve that communicates with the vacuum chamber, open the solenoid valve using the landing sensor, and restore the degree of vacuum in the vacuum chamber using the vacuum pump. (At this time, it is necessary to surely remove the water from the water arrival sensor).
(6) Install a new water sampling bobbin, connect the water sampling bobbin disconnect valve couplers at two locations, and perform the next water sampling.
(7) The power source is laid out with two dry batteries in the embodiment shown in the figure, but various power sources according to the power consumption can be used without being limited to a single battery.

(Example 2)
In the apparatus of the first embodiment, a method of collecting water into the tube by vacuum suction using a vacuum chamber was used, but water can also be collected into the tube by using a pump instead of the vacuum chamber.
That is, in the second embodiment using a pump, the tip of the pipe connected from the water arrival sensor shown in FIG. 1 to the solenoid valve is connected to the intake side of the pump, and the exhaust side of the pump is placed in the pressure vessel. If the exhaust is performed, the exhaust is not discharged into the seawater, and the water tank around the water sampling apparatus is not disturbed as in the vacuum chamber system of the first embodiment. If the pump exhaust side is opened in the pressure-resistant container through the buffer container filled with the water-absorbing material, when the solenoid valve is closed according to the output detected by the water arrival sensor, Even if one water is about to be discharged into the pressure vessel through the pump, the water is not absorbed by the water-absorbing material in the buffer vessel, so that the water does not overflow. Furthermore, if a three-way valve is connected between the pump exhaust side and the buffer container, and a pipe line is provided through which the water in the buffer container can be discharged from the outside of the pressure vessel, water is collected through the pipe line. After completion, the water in the buffer container can be drained.
In Example 1, the chamber wall of the vacuum chamber in FIG. 1 also serves as a support tube for the water sampling bobbin. However, in Example 2, a pump is used instead of the vacuum chamber. Since the support cylinder is constituted by a part of the pressure vessel, the support cylinder space can be used as a space for storing components such as a pump, a battery, and a control device.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

A method for using the water sampling apparatus of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described below.
(1) After introducing the water sampling apparatus of Example 2, the electromagnetic valve opens by the conduction of the landing sensor (1) and the landing sensor (2), and the pump is turned ON to start the water absorption. The injector injects 0.1 [cc] separator air, and then repeats water absorption and separator air injection. The landing sensor may be one that starts operating at a predetermined depth in conjunction with a depth gauge, or one that pulls on a rope and switches on.
(2) The water absorption speed is adjusted by pump current control or voltage control. It is also possible to temporarily stop water absorption by primarily turning off the pump halfway.
(3) When water absorption proceeds to the water arrival sensor (sample arrival sensor), the solenoid valve is closed, the pump is turned off, the vapor injector solenoid is stopped, the water sampling is completed, and the device is pulled up.
(4) To replace the water sampling bobbin, disconnect the two couplers with water sampling bobbin disconnect valves and remove the water sampling bobbin removal screws to replace them.
(5) Water from the water arrival sensor is surely removed from the coupler side with the water sampling bobbin disconnection valve. Also, the water in the buffer container is drained.
(6) Install a new water sampling bobbin, connect the water sampling bobbin disconnect valve couplers at two locations, and perform the next water sampling.
(7) The power source is laid out with two dry batteries in the embodiment shown in the figure, but various power sources according to the power consumption can be used without being limited to a single battery.
In the second embodiment, the sampling rate can be actively controlled by the current control or voltage control of the pump, and the air in the tube sucked by the pump is exhausted into the pressure vessel, so that the exhausted air is separated from the separator. It can be reused as air.

If this apparatus of Example 1 and 2 is arrange | positioned in two or more horizontal directions or vertical directions, the time change of the water tank structure of a depth direction or a horizontal direction can be measured.
In addition, various uses are possible by attaching a depth meter and a time recording device to the device (for example, water sampling from a depth of “OO” to “OO” meters).
Positive buoyancy or negative buoyancy can be obtained by slightly changing the density of the entire device with the surrounding medium. That is, it becomes free floating or free fall. In this way, the buoyancy is adjusted, for example, water is collected while allowing free sedimentation. As shown in FIG. 2, fine water sampling is possible between the set depths by sampling with this device at a depth that is impossible with conventional boat or mooring sampling. Even if it moves up and down as shown in the figure, it is possible to know the depth of water sampled from the number of separators or the volume of water, the record of foam injection, and the data of the recording depth meter built into the device. it can.

Conventionally, there is a method of immersing a filter or a glass plate in water as a method of collecting water from a thin layer in water. Then, it is a method of collecting the water on the surface with something like a wiper. In this method, for example, sampling from a layer of 1 [cm] or 5 [mm] is possible, but it is difficult to sample from many continuous layers.
Also, when sampling from a depth of “XX” [m], for example, turbulence is a problem as already written in the conventional Niskin bottle, but the uncertainty of depth during sampling is also a problem. It becomes. For example, even if a water sampler is taken from a ship, the ship vibrates with an amplitude of 0.5 to several [m] with respect to the water surface, and it becomes uncertain which depth. Therefore, the resolution of the vertical distribution measurement by water sampling is limited to 1 [m].
Then, although it is the water sampling apparatus of this invention, it shall be used by free settling. The water sampling device is equipped with a depth meter and a clock. As shown in FIG. 2, it sinks while moving up and down in the depth direction under the influence of flow and waves (although it sinks when the mass is heavy, it moves up and down when it sinks slowly (or floats)). This depth and time are recorded, and by referring to the timing at which the liquid separation bubbles are injected, the depth at which the water is sampled is analyzed later.
Moreover, if the buoyancy of this apparatus is adjusted to increase the buoyancy according to the amount of water sampled, it can be set to a constant depth that does not sink or rise. By setting the apparatus in this way, water at a depth determined by buoyancy can be collected. Can sample water or measure viscosity coefficient while moving with water tank.

Next, the possibility of simultaneously deploying a large number of water sampling devices will be described. A three-dimensional distribution can be measured by arranging a plurality of water sampling devices in the depth direction, a plurality in the horizontal direction, a matrix, or a cubic lattice.
In addition, another piston can be provided before and after injecting the foam, and a fixative such as formalin can be poured. This is to prevent plankton and bacterial organisms from increasing or decreasing the number of cells (eaten or die) due to their activity. Even when time elapses between sampling and analysis, the state at the time of sampling can be maintained.

(When using the water sampling device of Example 1 as a viscosity coefficient measuring device)
The viscosity coefficient of seawater is an important parameter governing ocean flow. Changes in the global environment are also closely related to ocean viscosity. However, it is often calculated from temperature and density. However, the viscosity of the actual sea varies greatly due to phytoplankton secretions, jellyfish mucus, or air bubbles. It is known that the viscosity of seawater varies greatly with temperature and salinity.
For measuring the viscosity coefficient, a method using a thin tube for a steady-state flow is conventionally known, and the viscosity coefficient of water is measured by measuring the intake start time of the water sampling device and the arrival time of the water arrival sensor. Can be measured. That is, from Hagen-Poiseuille's law of equation (1) described in paragraph 0009, the viscosity coefficient η is expressed by the following equation (2).
η = πa ⁴ (p ₁ −p ₂ ) / (8QL) (2)
Here, a is the radius of the capillary, (p ₁ -p ₂ ) is the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the capillary, Q is the flow rate, and L is the length of the capillary. Therefore, if the suction time t from the start of sampling to the operation of the water arrival sensor (sample arrival sensor) is measured, then Q = πa ² L / t at that time, and therefore, equation (2) is expressed as η = {a ² (p ₁ −p ₂ ) / (8L ² )} t. Further, regarding the pressure difference (p ₁ −p ₂ ) between the inlet and outlet of the narrow tube, since the outlet pressure p ₂ is vacuum, p ₂ = 0, and if the inlet pressure (suction port) pressure p ₁ is known, η = {A ² p ₁ / (8L ² )} t. The pressure at the suction port can be calculated from the depth of the suction port, but it can also be directly measured by providing a pressure gauge.
In the case of an unsteady flow, a viscosity coefficient can be obtained by flowing a fluid having a constant viscosity, measuring the flow velocity thereof, and obtaining a calibration equation.
Since the pressure difference is important, it is desirable to have a mechanism that keeps the depth constant by adjusting the buoyancy of the water sampling device, but it can be attached to an offshore structure even if it is suspended from a ship or fixed to the bottom of the sea. Also good. At that time, if the depth of the suction port of the water sampling apparatus can be accurately measured with a depth meter, the viscosity coefficient can be measured more accurately.

The present invention relates to seawater, land water, plant for marine surveys, lake surveys, well water surveys, environmental surveys, plant liquid analysis surveys, turbidity component surveys associated with offshore construction, surveys associated with sea sand collection, etc. It can be used as a water collection device for collecting water from an internal liquid sample or the like, and even other devices can be used in general for collecting liquid.
If this apparatus is arranged in a plurality of horizontal directions or vertical directions, it is possible to measure the time change of the water tank structure in the depth direction or the horizontal direction, and this apparatus can be used as a viscosity coefficient measuring apparatus.

Claims (12)

A thin tube for storing the sucked sample, a vacuum chamber, an electromagnetic valve provided in the middle of a pipe line connecting one end of the thin tube and the vacuum chamber, a suction port for sucking the sample, and the other of the thin tube A water sampling device provided with fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a pipe line connecting the end of the suction port and the suction port,
The electromagnetic valve opens the electromagnetic valve so that one end of the thin tube communicates with the vacuum chamber and sucks the sample from the suction port by vacuum suction.
The fluid insertion means is configured to classify the sample held in the narrow tube by the different fluid by inserting a fluid different from the sample in the middle of the aspirated sample. apparatus.   The said thin tube is wound around the water sampling bobbin which can be attached or detached to a water sampling apparatus, and is accommodated. A sample arrival sensor is provided on the upstream side of the solenoid valve in a pipe line connecting one end of the narrow tube and the vacuum chamber, and the sample sucked and held in the narrow tube has reached the position of the sample arrival sensor. The water sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic valve is closed upon detection of this. Using the Hagen-Poiseuille law from the suction time t from the time when the sample is sucked into the narrow tube through the suction port until the time when the sample reaches the sample arrival sensor and the pressure p _{1 of the} suction port 4. A water sampling apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a viscosity coefficient measuring means for determining the viscosity coefficient η of the water. The water sampling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the suction port pressure p ₁ is calculated from a depth of the suction port. A narrow tube for storing the sucked sample, a pump provided in the pressure vessel, a pipe line connecting one end of the thin tube and the suction side of the pump, a suction port for sucking the sample, and the thin tube A water sampling device provided with fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a pipe line connecting the other end of the suction port and the suction port,
The sample is sucked from the suction port by sucking from one end of the narrow tube connected to the suction side of the pump when the pump is turned on, and the exhaust of the pump is exhausted into the pressure vessel. ,
The fluid insertion means provided in the pressure vessel is configured to classify a sample held in the narrow tube by the another fluid by inserting a fluid different from the sample in the middle of the aspirated sample. Yes,
A sample arrival sensor is provided on the upstream side in the pipe line connecting one end of the narrow tube and the suction side of the pump, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the downstream side, so that the sample sucked and held in the narrow tube reaches the sample. A water sampling apparatus which detects that the position of the sensor has been reached, closes the electromagnetic valve, and turns off the pump.   The water sampling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the thin tube is wound around and accommodated in a water sampling bobbin that is detachable from the water sampling apparatus. A water collection method for opening a solenoid valve, communicating one end of a thin tube with a vacuum chamber, vacuuming a sample from a suction port, and storing the sucked sample in the thin tube,
The fluid is inserted in the middle of the pipe to be connected to the suction port and the other end of the thin tube, and is held in the thin tube by inserting a fluid different from the sample in the middle of the sample to be sucked. The water sampling method is characterized in that the sample to be processed is divided by the another fluid.   The water sampling method according to claim 8, wherein the water sampling is performed while adjusting the buoyancy of the entire water sampling apparatus including the narrow tube and the vacuum chamber while free-floating or free-floating or just having a specific depth. . The suction time t from the time when the vacuum suction is started to the time when the sample reaches the sample arrival sensor provided in the middle of the thin tube is measured, and the suction port pressure p _{1 at} that time t ₁ From the viscosity coefficient η of the sample to Hagen-Poiseuille's law η = πa ⁴ (p ₁ -p ₂ ) / (8QL)
9. The viscosity coefficient is given by using (where a is a radius of the thin tube, L is a length of the thin tube, p ₂ = 0 (vacuum), Q = πa ² L / t). Or the water sampling method of 9. When the pump provided in the pressure vessel is turned on, the sample is sucked from one end of a thin tube connected to the suction side of the pump and sucked from the suction port, and the exhaust of the pump is exhausted into the pressure vessel. A water sampling method for storing a sample in the narrow tube, wherein the sample is inserted in the middle of the sample to be sucked by a fluid insertion means provided in the middle of a conduit connecting the suction port and the other end of the narrow tube. An upstream side in a pipe line in which one end of the thin tube and the suction side of the pump are connected to each other by separating a sample held in the thin tube by inserting another fluid. A sample collection sensor is provided, and a solenoid valve is provided on the downstream side. When it is detected that the sample has reached the position of the sample arrival sensor , the solenoid valve is closed and the pump is turned off.   12. The water sampling is performed while adjusting the buoyancy of the entire water sampling apparatus including the narrow tube and the pump, while free settling or free floating, or while only having a specific depth or a specific depth. Water sampling method.

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