CN206431025U - It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test - Google Patents
It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test Download PDFInfo
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- CN206431025U CN206431025U CN201720123615.2U CN201720123615U CN206431025U CN 206431025 U CN206431025 U CN 206431025U CN 201720123615 U CN201720123615 U CN 201720123615U CN 206431025 U CN206431025 U CN 206431025U
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- soil sample
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- infiltration coefficient
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Abstract
It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test, including supply tank, water pump, electrically-controlled valve, computer, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, penstocks and coupon for loading soil sample, penstocks upper end is connected by water inlet pipe with supply tank, penstocks lower end is connected in coupon lower end by outlet pipe, water pump is arranged on water inlet pipe, and electrically-controlled valve and pressure sensor are arranged on outlet pipe；The pressure and temperature of detection is transferred to computer by pressure sensor and temperature sensor, and computer control water pump and electrically-controlled valve are opened and closed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device for being used to measure soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test.
Background technology
Infiltration coefficient is an important mechanical index of soil, and it will be used for analyzing subsoil, dykes and dams and excavation of foundation pit side
The seepage stability on slope, determines dykes and dams section and calculates seepage discharge of dykes and dams and ground etc..Due to influenceing the factor ten of infiltration coefficient
Point complexity, the particle composition of such as soil, colloidal content, configuration state, density, the mineralogical composition of grogs and water etc., all it is enough to influence
Its correct measure.The infiltration coefficient that the various methods at current indoor and scene are determined is still a relatively coarse number
Value, the actually assay method of infiltration coefficient, among research and improvement.The infiltration system of soil is determined to different great soil groups
Number, should select different test methods.Test type is divided into constant head permeability test and variable head permeability test.Constant head permeates
Experiment is applied to coarse-grained soil, and variable head permeability test is applied to fine grained soil.The measure of infiltration coefficient, with scene draw water water flood survey
Determine result more reliable, but because equipment is complicated, expend big, just used only in special requirement.It is usually to be oozed with interior at present
Experiment determines infiltration coefficient thoroughly.
The selection of test apparatus is main to be determined according to following principle:It is that result of the test should be rationally reliable first；Next to that energy
Meet in fine grained soil and coarse-grained soil room and the need for field test；Moreover be that apparatus structure is simple, sealing is tight, it is easy to be vented.
The method of testing used in the past according to mentioned above principle, China has 70 types (Ji Mashi) permeameter method, soil sample pipe (Maeve Cummings base tube)
Permeameter method, suction type permeameter method, southern 55 type permeameter method, southern 59 type permeameter method and infiltration method etc. of testing pits.
70 type permeameters and soil sample pipe permeameter are applied to coarse-grained soil.Although soil sample tube method precision is poor, instrument and step
It is rapid easier, it is easy to grasp, can carry out at the scene.70 type permeameters are used for interior, due to there is pressure tap, can be segmented and take
Value, is mutually checked, and the result of the test in the more stable stage casing of desirable fluidised form, and its weak point is that stack shell makes for metal, inconvenience
The seepage flow situation inside observation sample, meets pneumatosis position and is difficult to find with excluding, and this shortcoming should note avoiding when filling sample.
Suction type permeameter and southern 55 type permeameter are suitable for the laboratory test of original state and disturbance fine grained soil.The instrument of suction type permeameter
Device construct and operate it is all cumbersome, advantage be it can with consolidation test combine carry out, and using one experiment measure it is various
Infiltration coefficient under void ratio, can avoid sample and the closely sealed bad shortcoming of ring wall, and appropriate to the occasion this method is used when sample is smaller.Southern 55 types
The characteristics of permeameter is that Instrument structure is simple, and sealing is tight, it is adaptable to two methods of constant head and varying head, belongs to oozing for sizing
Saturating instrument, each laboratory of China generally uses.Southern 59 type permeameters it is less.
The assay method of above-mentioned traditional penetration coefficient, it is seen that, all it is to need artificial calculation permeability coefficient, and press
According to《Soil test technique handbook》, often to repeat to survey 5-6 times, the infiltration coefficient determined under different beginning heads is allowing
When in difference range, terminate experiment.It is therefore seen that, traditional osmotic coefficient investigating method, i.e. labor intensive also expend the time, by
In less efficient, thus also it is unfavorable for experiment continuous operation, precision is also not necessarily accurate.In consideration of it, design is a kind of to utilize calculating
The intelligent apparatus and method that machine surveys infiltration coefficient are just very necessary.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention, which are to provide in a kind of laboratory soil test, to be used to measure soil sample infiltration coefficient
Device, can not only be operated continuously in experiment, and test accuracy is high, easy to operate, save manpower and time.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：It is used to measure soil in a kind of laboratory soil test
The device of sample infiltration coefficient, including supply tank, water pump, electrically-controlled valve, computer, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, penstocks
With for loading the coupon of soil sample, penstocks upper end is connected by water inlet pipe with supply tank, and penstocks lower end is by going out
Water pipe connection is arranged on water inlet pipe in coupon lower end, water pump, and electrically-controlled valve and pressure sensor are arranged on outlet pipe；Pressure
The pressure and temperature of detection is transferred to computer by sensor and temperature sensor, and computer control water pump and electrically-controlled valve are opened and closed.
The coupon includes transparent tube body and detachable, the sealed seal cap installed in transparent tube body two ends, on
Seal cap communicated drainage pipe is held, outlet pipe connection lower end seal cap after soil sample is filled into transparent tube body, is set at soil sample two ends
There is loaded filter.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：Compared with the assay method of traditional penetration coefficient, the present apparatus before the test cut by soil sample
Soil sample length and the parameter of penstocks cross-sectional area have been set in area, transparent tube body, are surveyed in real time using pressure sensor
The liquid level of penstocks and the difference in height of soil sample infiltration outlet are measured, each moment soil sample can be exported rapidly by computer
Infiltration coefficient, can solve current method and expend a large amount of manpowers and time, less efficient, be unfavorable for experiment continuous operation, precision
Not necessarily accurate the problem of；In addition by setting peak level and lowest water level in penstocks, automatic watering is realized.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is main structure diagram of the invention.
In figure：Supply tank 1, water pump 2, penstocks 3, electrically-controlled valve 4, pressure sensor 5, coupon 6, temperature are passed
Sensor 8, transparent tube body 61, seal cap 62, loaded filter 63, water inlet pipe 71, outlet pipe 72.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, it is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test, including supply tank 1, water
Pump 2, electrically-controlled valve 4, computer, pressure sensor 5, penstocks 3 and the coupon 6 for loading soil sample, the upper end of penstocks 3
Connected by water inlet pipe 71 with supply tank 1, the lower end of penstocks 3 is connected in the lower end of coupon 6 by outlet pipe 72, and water pump 2 is pacified
On water inlet pipe 71, electrically-controlled valve 4 and pressure sensor 5 are arranged on outlet pipe 72；Pressure sensor 5 passes the pressure of detection
Computer is defeated by, computer control water pump 2 and electrically-controlled valve 4 are opened and closed.
The coupon 6 includes transparent tube body 61 and detachable, the sealed sealing installed in the two ends of transparent tube body 61
Cap 62, the communicated drainage pipe of upper end seal cap 62, the connection lower end seal cap 62 of outlet pipe 72 is filled into transparent tube body 61 in soil sample
Afterwards, it is provided with loaded filter 63 at soil sample two ends.
Wherein loaded filter 63 be it is a kind of can cross water but only aggregate and soil combined material.
A kind of method for being used to measure the measurement device soil sample infiltration coefficient of soil sample infiltration coefficient in laboratory soil test, bag
Include following steps：
1) the experiment soil sample prepared is filled into transparent tube body 61；
2) in computer according to《Soil test technique handbook》Calculation Method in Penetrating Coefficient setup algorithm program：Infiltration system
Counting calculation formula is；
In formula：kTThe infiltration coefficient cm/s of test specimen during T DEG C of test temperature
2.3 be lg and ln conversion coefficient,
A is the cross-sectional area cm of penstocks 32,
t1Head initial time s is read to survey,
t2Head termination time s is read to survey,
H1For t1The liquid level of penstocks 3 and the difference in height cm of soil sample infiltration outlet during the time,
H2The liquid level of penstocks 3 and the difference in height cm of soil sample infiltration outlet during for the t2 times,
L is soil sample length cm in transparent tube body 61,
A is soil sample sectional area cm2；
k20The infiltration coefficient cm/s of test specimen during normal temperature；
ηT、η20The coefficient of dynamic viscosity of water, kPa.s, can be looked at respectively T DEG C and 20 DEG C《Soil test technique handbook》South
Capital Institute of Hydro-Technical Research table 1-12-2.
Wherein《Soil test technique handbook》It is to use " to be write by building research institute of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, the people
Traffic publishing house publishes in April, 2003《Soil test technique handbook》”；
Head is the liquid level of penstocks 3 and the difference in height of soil sample infiltration outlet；
Pressure sensor 5 and H1 and H2 relation is：1m head is equal to 0.01mpa, and pressure inductor can be institute
The pressure value measured, is converted into head value, such as pressure inductor measures pressure value for 0.005mpa, then can be output as 50cm
Head；
3) pressure limit of confining pressure water pipe 3 is preset in computer；
4) water pump 2 and electrically-controlled valve 4 are opened, and water is pumped into penstocks 3, after penetration by water soil sample, valve are closed, in water
When position rises to pressure sensor 5 and detects peak, water pump 2 is closed；
5) electrically-controlled valve 4 is opened, and computer recording head begins to decline time t1, while pressure sensor 5 will be detected
Pressure value is transferred to computer, and computer penetrates the liquid level and soil sample that pressure value now is converted to penstocks 3
The height difference H of mouth1；
6) with the decline of water level in penstocks 3, the termination fall time t of computer recording head2, while pressure is passed
Sensor 5 will detect pressure value and be transferred to computer, and computer is converted to pressure value now the liquid level of penstocks 3
The height difference H of outlet is permeated with soil sample2, temperature sensor 8 is by detection temperature T；
7) computer will detect data t1、t2、T、H1And H2Substitute into and infiltration system is calculated in infiltration coefficient calculation formula
Number.
For example：Soil sample sectional area is that A is 20cm2, soil sample length 14cm, the sectional area of penstocks 3 in transparent tube body 61
0.5cm2(the t in 10min1To t2Period) in, open survey head be 90cm, terminations head be 89cm, experiment 19 DEG C of water temperature,
Then computer calculates (during normal temperature) osmotic coefficient k20For：
Then：
Traditional survey soil sample infiltration coefficient method is all artificial to do experiment (its concrete operation method is shown in《Soil test skill
Art handbook》The first paragraph of page 69), record tests well obtained data, then calculates, and can only obtain the knot for surveying this period
Really, our this device, oneself can set Δ t=t2-t1, that is, time of measuring interval, and computer often crosses one
Individual Δ t just surveys a data, and the data that surveyed can also be analyzed, such as average, maximum, most in seclected time section
Small value, mean square deviation；Soil sample length and the cross-sectional area of penstocks 3 in soil sample sectional area before the test of the invention, transparent tube body 61
Parameter set, utilize pressure sensor 5 in real time measurement penstocks 3 liquid level and soil sample infiltration outlet height
Difference, can export the infiltration coefficient of each moment soil sample rapidly by computer, so solve current method expend a large amount of manpowers and
It is time, less efficient, it is unfavorable for the problem of experiment continuous operation precision is also not necessarily accurate.
Such as 1：Setting time section is 30min, and setting computer often crosses Δ t=10s and surveys an infiltration coefficient, then can gather
To 180 data, against 180 data, computer can automatically generate the curve map of time and infiltration coefficient, convenient directly perceived, and
These data can be screened out, the processing such as average, the data obtained precision is very high, human error is eliminated, as long as computer is opened
Begin to run, it is possible to operate continuously.
And the assay method of traditional penetration coefficient is exactly manually to go to survey data, go to calculate, then repeat to survey 5~6 times, seeing is
It is no in allowable error, terminate experiment.
Such as 2：If to study in engineering test, the native infiltration coefficient change rule in the case where continuing water Service Environment
Rule, then be accomplished by the permeability test in some days and carry out always, records the countless infiltration coefficients surveyed, and studies its rule
Rule, in this case, if Traditional Man goes to determine infiltration coefficient, it is necessary to the continual survey infiltration system that does experiment of experimenter
Number, this is that manpower is difficult completion, but the present invention can be so that as long as bringing into operation, it can just survey data always, it is possible to appointed
Meaning interval measures a data, and record surveys the time well.
Therefore, the present invention is compared with the assay method of traditional penetration coefficient, it is not necessary to expend a large amount of manpowers and time, efficiency
Height, is conducive to experiment to operate continuously, and precision there has also been raising.
Measuring the method for soil sample infiltration coefficient also includes the 8) step, described the 8) step be：In water level decreasing to pressure sensing
When device 5 detects the minimum of confining pressure value, electrically-controlled valve 4 is closed, water pump 2 is opened for computer control, when water level reaches constraint
During the peak of pressure value, computer control magnetic valve is opened, water pump 2 is closed.
By setting peak level and lowest water level in penstocks 3, i.e., pressure sensor 5 is detected peak and most
Low value, it is possible to achieve automatic watering, makes device full automation, and the water oozed out is recycled.
Also include the 1) in step in the method for measurement soil sample infiltration coefficient, the preparation method of experiment soil sample includes following step
Suddenly：
1) soil sample is gathered, in sampling process, soil sample must not be pressurized, by squeezing and being turned round, and avoid vibration broken in transportation
Bad soil structures；
2) block soil is ground and dissipated, if Water Content Tests in Soil Samples is larger, can first air-dried untill easily grinding and dissipating；
3) the soil sample quantity according to needed for experiment, the soil sample for grinding scattered is sieved；
4) first layer loaded filter 63 is loaded into transparent tube body 61, the experiment soil sample being sieved then is circulated into transparent tube body 61
After interior, reality is hit several times, and each striking times are determined according to the dry density of design；
5) second layer loaded filter 63 is loaded and hit in real experiment soil sample；
6) two seal caps 62 are sealed to the two ends of transparent tube body 61, so far test the preparation of soil sample and complete.
In the preparation method the 4) in step of experiment soil sample, after experiment soil sample is circulated into transparent tube body 61, reality is hit in four times,
The native sample compacting of transparent tube body 1/3 is poured into for the first time, and the native sample compacting of transparent tube body 1/3 is poured into for the second time, transparent pipe is poured into for the third time
The native sample compacting of body 1/6, reality is hit after the 4th time transparent tube body 61 is filled.
Claims (2)
1. it is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test, it is characterised in that：Including supply tank（1）、
Water pump（2）, temperature sensor（8）, electrically-controlled valve（4）, computer, pressure sensor（5）, penstocks（3）With for loading soil
The coupon of sample（6）, penstocks（3）Upper end passes through water inlet pipe（71）With supply tank（1）Connection, penstocks（3）Lower end leads to
Cross outlet pipe（72）Connection is in coupon（6）Lower end, water pump（2）Installed in water inlet pipe（71）On, electrically-controlled valve（4）And pressure sensing
Device（5）Installed in outlet pipe（72）On；Pressure sensor（5）And temperature sensor（8）The pressure and temperature of detection is transferred to
Computer, computer control water pump（2）And electrically-controlled valve（4）Open and close.
2. it is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient, its feature in a kind of laboratory soil test according to claim 1
It is：Coupon（6）Including transparent tube body（61）Transparent tube body is arranged on detachable, sealed（61）The seal cap at two ends
（62）, upper end seal cap（62）Communicated drainage pipe（73）, outlet pipe（72）Connect lower end seal cap（62）, it is filled into soil sample
Bright body（61）After interior, loaded filter is provided with soil sample two ends（63）.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720123615.2U CN206431025U (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201720123615.2U CN206431025U (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test |
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| CN206431025U true CN206431025U (en) | 2017-08-22 |
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| CN201720123615.2U Expired - Fee Related CN206431025U (en) | 2017-02-10 | 2017-02-10 | It is used for the device for measuring soil sample infiltration coefficient in a kind of laboratory soil test |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106644890A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-10 | 三峡大学 | Device for measuring soil sample permeability coefficient in indoor soil engineering test |
| CN109946211A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | A kind of porous pavement infiltration coefficient in situ detection instrument and method |
-
2017
- 2017-02-10 CN CN201720123615.2U patent/CN206431025U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106644890A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-10 | 三峡大学 | Device for measuring soil sample permeability coefficient in indoor soil engineering test |
| CN109946211A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-28 | 山东大学 | A kind of porous pavement infiltration coefficient in situ detection instrument and method |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170822 Termination date: 20180210 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |