CN106758380A - 一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺 - Google Patents
一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106758380A CN106758380A CN201611188993.5A CN201611188993A CN106758380A CN 106758380 A CN106758380 A CN 106758380A CN 201611188993 A CN201611188993 A CN 201611188993A CN 106758380 A CN106758380 A CN 106758380A
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- dyeing
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- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
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- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及织物的印染技术领域，具体涉及一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，具体包括以下步骤：预处理；前处理；染色；后处理。本发明印染工艺简单易操作，染色均匀，染色后的布料光滑无荆棘、毛刺，而且经过乙醇固色能使得染料附着力大大增强，长期水泡、揉搓都不会掉色，印染处理不会造成布料的褶皱、缩水，而且印染中没有出现棉纤维和涤纶纤维的分断起球现象。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及织物的印染技术领域，具体涉及一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺。
背景技术
纺织工业是我国传统的支柱产业，包括纺织、印染、化纤、服装和纺织专用设备制造等五个部分。随着国民经济的快速发展，我国的印染业也进入了高速发展期，设备和技术水平明显提升，生产工艺和设备不断更新。印染工艺是指在生产过程中对各类纺织材料(纱线、织物)进行物理和化学处理的总称，包括对纺织材料的前处理、染色、印花和后整理的过程，统称为印染工艺。染色是使染料与纤维之间发生化学或物理化学的结合，或用化学方法在纤维上生成颜料，使整个纺织品具有一定坚牢色泽的加工过程。
印染工艺在纺织工业占据着举足轻重的地位，直接关系到织物的综合质量。印染质量的好坏直接影响到织物的外观，因此，对织物的染色过程要严格的控制。影响染色效果的因素有很多，主要有染液温度、浓度、时间等。其中，温度是影响染色效果的最重要因素之一，一般来说，温度高，染料的动能增加，同时因纤维膨胀，其内部空隙增大，便于吸附扩散，从而使上染加快，但是温度过高时，由于纤维空隙过大，染料粒子动能过大，反而会使染上纤维的部分重新溶入染液中，影响染色效果。
混纺织物具有两种或多种纤维混纺而成，由于各个纤维特性不一致，所以在印染时对印染工艺要求非常高，否则会造成染色不均匀、落色等等问题，从而造成织物的次品率高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：
一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)预处理：将布料用60℃的饱和浓度的盐水煎煮10分钟，然后将布料用43℃的醋糟覆盖并维持温度保温24-36小时，再用去离子水将布料洗净；
(2)前处理：将布料浸入具有前处理液的前处理槽中，控制前处理槽中浴比为2:3～6；
(3)染色：将布料置于水溶性壳聚糖溶液内，30分钟后向溶液内投入布料重量0.1％的亚甲基蓝，2小时后向溶液内投入布料重量0.2％的阳离子蓝SD-BL 100％(B-159)，然后将溶液升温至53～61℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，接着按以1～2℃/min速率降温至10℃，并向溶液中投入布料重量0.1％的腰果壳油摩擦粉，再接着按2～2℃/min速率升温至83-88℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，保温20～40min，最后以1～2℃/min的速率降温至32℃，染色过程完成；
(4)后处理：先在70℃烘焙2min，接着将布料置于浓度为8％、温度为25℃的乙醇溶液中固色，然后在100℃烘焙6min，在90℃皂洗30min，最后烘干(80℃，2h)，得到印染制品。
所述前处理液包含以下组分：山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯0.6～1g/L，N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺1～4g/L，木质素2～4g/L，瓜耳胶醚2～4g/L，枸缘酸6～11g/L，聚L-醇单月桂酸酯0.38～1.63g/L，大豆肽1.8～2.6g/L，元明粉0.95～1.65g/L，6-磷酸葡萄糖酸0.95～1.65g/L。
步骤(2)的前处理过程包括：先将布料置于40～50℃的前处理液中浸染40～60min，然后将前处理液加热至60～70℃，继续浸染10分钟，接着取出布料并用艾叶燃烧的烟气进行熏烤直至布料表面无液滴滴露。
艾叶熏烤后的布料用羧酸溶液加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤，然后再用蒸馏水加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤。
布料第一次置于45℃的前处理液中浸染。
所述染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇1～1.3g/L，油酸酰胺1～1.3g/L，水玻璃6～7g/L，染料18～22g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6～7g/L，4-P-赤藓糖0.5～1g/L，二甲基十八烷基[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]氯化铵1.15～1.35g/L，甜菜碱1.15～1.35g/L，儿茶素1.15～1.35g/L，莲心碱1～2g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚1～2g/L，鲸蜡醇1～2g/L。
优选地，所述染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇1.15g/L，油酸酰胺1.15g/L，水玻璃6.5g/L，染料20g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6.5g/L，4-P-赤藓糖0.8g/L，二甲基十八烷基[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]氯化铵1.25g/L，甜菜碱1.25g/L，儿茶素1.25g/L，莲心碱1.5g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚1.5g/L，鲸蜡醇1.5g/L。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明印染工艺简单易操作，染色均匀，染色后的布料光滑无荆棘、毛刺，而且经过乙醇固色能使得染料附着力大大增强，长期水泡、揉搓都不会掉色，印染处理不会造成布料的褶皱、缩水，而且印染中没有出现棉纤维和涤纶纤维的分断起球现象。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)预处理：将布料用60℃的饱和浓度的盐水煎煮10分钟，然后将布料用43℃的醋糟覆盖并维持温度保温24-36小时，再用去离子水将布料洗净；
(2)前处理：将布料浸入具有前处理液的前处理槽中，控制前处理槽中浴比为2:3～6；
(3)染色：将布料置于水溶性壳聚糖溶液内，30分钟后向溶液内投入布料重量0.1％的亚甲基蓝，2小时后向溶液内投入布料重量0.2％的阳离子蓝SD-BL 100％(B-159)，然后将溶液升温至53～61℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，接着按以1～2℃/min速率降温至10℃，并向溶液中投入布料重量0.1％的腰果壳油摩擦粉，再接着按2～2℃/min速率升温至83-88℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，保温20～40min，最后以1～2℃/min的速率降温至32℃，染色过程完成；
(4)后处理：先在70℃烘焙2min，接着将布料置于浓度为8％、温度为25℃的乙醇溶液中固色，然后在100℃烘焙6min，在90℃皂洗30min，最后烘干(80℃，2h)，得到印染制品。
前处理液包含以下组分：山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯0.8g/L，N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺3g/L，木质素3g/L，瓜耳胶醚3g/L，枸缘酸8g/L，聚L-醇单月桂酸酯1.0g/L，大豆肽2.2g/L，元明粉1.35g/L，6-磷酸葡萄糖酸1.35g/L。
步骤(2)的前处理过程包括：先将布料置于45℃的前处理液中浸染40～60min，然后将前处理液加热至60～70℃，继续浸染10分钟，接着取出布料并用艾叶燃烧的烟气进行熏烤直至布料表面无液滴滴露。
艾叶熏烤后的布料用羧酸溶液加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤，然后再用蒸馏水加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤。
染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇1.15g/L，油酸酰胺1.15g/L，水玻璃6.5g/L，染料20g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6.5g/L，4-P-赤藓糖0.8g/L，二甲基十八烷基[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]氯化铵1.25g/L，甜菜碱1.25g/L，儿茶素1.25g/L，莲心碱1.5g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚1.5g/L，鲸蜡醇1.5g/L。
实施例2
一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)预处理：将布料用60℃的饱和浓度的盐水煎煮10分钟，然后将布料用43℃的醋糟覆盖并维持温度保温24-36小时，再用去离子水将布料洗净；
(2)前处理：将布料浸入具有前处理液的前处理槽中，控制前处理槽中浴比为2:3～6；
(3)染色：将布料置于水溶性壳聚糖溶液内，30分钟后向溶液内投入布料重量0.1％的亚甲基蓝，2小时后向溶液内投入布料重量0.2％的阳离子蓝SD-BL 100％(B-159)，然后将溶液升温至53～61℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，接着按以1～2℃/min速率降温至10℃，并向溶液中投入布料重量0.1％的腰果壳油摩擦粉，再接着按2～2℃/min速率升温至83-88℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，保温20～40min，最后以1～2℃/min的速率降温至32℃，染色过程完成；
(4)后处理：先在70℃烘焙2min，接着将布料置于浓度为8％、温度为25℃的乙醇溶液中固色，然后在100℃烘焙6min，在90℃皂洗30min，最后烘干(80℃，2h)，得到印染制品。
前处理液包含以下组分：山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯0.6g/L，N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺1g/L，木质素2g/L，瓜耳胶醚2g/L，枸缘酸6g/L，聚L-醇单月桂酸酯0.38g/L，大豆肽1.8g/L，元明粉0.95g/L，6-磷酸葡萄糖酸0.95g/L。
步骤(2)的前处理过程包括：先将布料置于40℃的前处理液中浸染40～60min，然后将前处理液加热至60～70℃，继续浸染10分钟，接着取出布料并用艾叶燃烧的烟气进行熏烤直至布料表面无液滴滴露。
艾叶熏烤后的布料用羧酸溶液加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤，然后再用蒸馏水加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤。
染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇1g/L，油酸酰胺1g/L，水玻璃6g/L，染料18g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6g/L，4-P-赤藓糖0.5g/L，二甲基十八烷基[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]氯化铵1.15g/L，甜菜碱1.15g/L，儿茶素1.15g/L，莲心碱1g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚1g/L，鲸蜡醇1g/L。
实施例3
一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)预处理：将布料用60℃的饱和浓度的盐水煎煮10分钟，然后将布料用43℃的醋糟覆盖并维持温度保温24-36小时，再用去离子水将布料洗净；
(2)前处理：将布料浸入具有前处理液的前处理槽中，控制前处理槽中浴比为2:3～6；
(3)染色：将布料置于水溶性壳聚糖溶液内，30分钟后向溶液内投入布料重量0.1％的亚甲基蓝，2小时后向溶液内投入布料重量0.2％的阳离子蓝SD-BL 100％(B-159)，然后将溶液升温至53～61℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，接着按以1～2℃/min速率降温至10℃，并向溶液中投入布料重量0.1％的腰果壳油摩擦粉，再接着按2～2℃/min速率升温至83-88℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40％的染液，保温20～40min，最后以1～2℃/min的速率降温至32℃，染色过程完成；
(4)后处理：先在70℃烘焙2min，接着将布料置于浓度为8％、温度为25℃的乙醇溶液中固色，然后在100℃烘焙6min，在90℃皂洗30min，最后烘干(80℃，2h)，得到印染制品。
前处理液包含以下组分：山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯1g/L，N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺4g/L，木质素4g/L，瓜耳胶醚4g/L，枸缘酸11g/L，聚L-醇单月桂酸酯1.63g/L，大豆肽2.6g/L，元明粉1.65g/L，6-磷酸葡萄糖酸1.65g/L。
步骤(2)的前处理过程包括：先将布料置于50℃的前处理液中浸染40～60min，然后将前处理液加热至60～70℃，继续浸染10分钟，接着取出布料并用艾叶燃烧的烟气进行熏烤直至布料表面无液滴滴露。
艾叶熏烤后的布料用羧酸溶液加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤，然后再用蒸馏水加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤。
染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇1.3g/L，油酸酰胺1.3g/L，水玻璃7g/L，染料22g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 7g/L，4-P-赤藓糖1g/L，二甲基十八烷基[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]氯化铵1.35g/L，甜菜碱1.35g/L，儿茶素1.35g/L，莲心碱2g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚2g/L，鲸蜡醇2g/L。
试验
本发明实施例1、2、3工艺所印染的布料与普通印染工艺获得的布料的性能对比如下表：
| 项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 普通印染 |
| 皂洗色牢度/级 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 3 |
| 干摩擦牢度/级 | 4 | 4 | 3.5 | 2 |
| 湿摩擦牢度/级 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| 沾色牢度/级 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2 |
| 耐光牢度/级 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 |
| 手感 | 爽滑 | 爽滑 | 爽滑 | 粗糙 |
| 光泽度 | 很好 | 很好 | 很好 | 差 |
由上表可见，本发明印染工艺获得的印染效果相比普通印染工艺更出色。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (7)
1.一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
（1）预处理：将布料用60℃的饱和浓度的盐水煎煮10分钟，然后将布料用43℃的醋糟覆盖并维持温度保温24-36小时，再用去离子水将布料洗净；
（2）前处理：将布料浸入具有前处理液的前处理槽中，控制前处理槽中浴比为2:3～6；
（3）染色：将布料置于水溶性壳聚糖溶液内，30分钟后向溶液内投入布料重量0.1%的亚甲基蓝，2小时后向溶液内投入布料重量0.2%的阳离子蓝SD-BL 100% (B-159)，然后将溶液升温至53～61℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40%的染液，接着按以1～2℃/min速率降温至10℃，并向溶液中投入布料重量0.1%的腰果壳油摩擦粉，再接着按2～2℃/min速率升温至83-88℃，向溶液内投入布料重量40%的染液，保温20～40min，最后以1～2℃/min的速率降温至32℃，染色过程完成；
（4）后处理：先在70℃烘焙2min，接着将布料置于浓度为8%、温度为25℃的乙醇溶液中固色，然后在100℃烘焙6min，在90℃皂洗30min，最后烘干（80℃，2h），得到印染制品。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，所述前处理液包含以下组分：山梨醇酐脂肪酸酯 0.6～1 g/L，N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺 1～4g/L，木质素 2 ～4g/L，瓜耳胶醚 2 ～ 4 g/L，枸缘酸 6 ～ 11g/L，聚L-醇单月桂酸酯 0.38 ～ 1.63g/L，大豆肽 1.8 ～ 2.6g/L，元明粉 0.95 ～ 1.65g/L，6-磷酸葡萄糖酸 0.95 ～ 1.65g/L。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，步骤（2）的前处理过程包括：先将布料置于40～50℃的前处理液中浸染40～60min，然后将前处理液加热至60～70℃，继续浸染10分钟，接着取出布料并用艾叶燃烧的烟气进行熏烤直至布料表面无液滴滴露。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，艾叶熏烤后的布料用羧酸溶液加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤，然后再用蒸馏水加热产生的蒸汽进行洗涤。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，布料第一次置于45℃的前处理液中浸染。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，所述染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇 1～1.3 g/L，油酸酰胺 1～1.3g/L，水玻璃 6 ～ 7g/L，染料 18 ～ 22g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6 ～ 7g/L，4-P-赤藓糖 0.5 ～ 1g/L，二甲基十八烷基 [3-( 三甲氧基硅基 ) 丙基 ] 氯化铵 1.15 ～ 1.35g/L，甜菜碱 1.15 ～ 1.35g/L，儿茶素 1.15 ～1.35g/L，莲心碱 1～2 g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚 1～2 g/L，鲸蜡醇 1～2 g/L。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种涤纶棉混纺布料的印染工艺，其特征在于，所述染液包含以下组分：季戊四醇 1.15 g/L，油酸酰胺 1.15 g/L，水玻璃 6.5g/L，染料 20 g/L，活性艳蓝KN-R 6.5 g/L，4-P-赤藓糖 0.8 g/L，二甲基十八烷基 [3-( 三甲氧基硅基 ) 丙基 ] 氯化铵 1.25 g/L，甜菜碱 1.25 g/L，儿茶素 1.25 g/L，莲心碱 1.5 g/L，三聚氰酸三烯丙酯烯醚 1.5 g/L，鲸蜡醇 1.5 g/L。
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