CN106758163A - 一种多层复合结构的红外隐身织物及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多层复合结构的红外隐身织物及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106758163A
CN106758163A CN201610984820.8A CN201610984820A CN106758163A CN 106758163 A CN106758163 A CN 106758163A CN 201610984820 A CN201610984820 A CN 201610984820A CN 106758163 A CN106758163 A CN 106758163A
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infrared shielding
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黄锋林
肖阳
刘文婷
宁景霞
卢真妮
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Jiangnan University
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    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
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    • D06M13/02Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
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    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
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Abstract

本发明提供一种新型红外屏蔽材料及其制备方法,该材料是将三层红外屏蔽材料通过磁控溅射技术添加到织物表面,第一层材料是用微胶囊包裹的相变材料,第二层材料是陶瓷材料,第三层材料是金属材料。利用静电喷雾技术和磁控溅射技术将材料按照相变材料、陶瓷材料、金属材料依次沉积到织物表面,达到对红外光谱的吸收、阻隔、反射的协同屏蔽作用和多级热能转变的协同作用,实现纺织面料的红外多波段隐身功能,从而提升织物对红外屏蔽的性能。

Description

一种多层复合结构的红外隐身织物及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织工业生产中对纺织材料进行真空溅镀和高聚物涂覆的复合制造技术和用这种方法制得的高效能红外隐身织物,产品可广泛应用于军工、科研等产业领域。
背景技术
随着科学的不断进步,各种高尖端侦察和制导设备被大量投入军事应用,目前,战场上投入使用较多的探测技术为红外探测,其在侦察距离、精度、隐蔽性及抗干扰性等方面有明显的优势,在军事上得到了广泛的应用。资料表明,热红外侦察技术的温度分辨率已由原来的0.1℃提高到目前的0.01℃,空间分辨率达到0.03mrad,高光谱遥感技术在热红外波段的光谱分辨率已达微米级,侦察已实现多频谱和高精度,而作为作战任务执行主体的士兵在作战行动中隐蔽能力的优劣,直接关乎现代高科技战争的成败。因此,以降低重要军事目标的红外发射率和削弱敌方红外探测器效能为目的的红外隐身技术,成为了世界各国军事上的一个重点。红外隐身技术是通过屏蔽、热抑制、低发射率涂料等措施来降低或改变目标自身的红外辐射强度和特性,从而可以实现目标的隐身目的。红外隐身功能纺织品作为隐身材料技术的一种,具有施工简单、成本低廉、可适应性强并且灵活多变等特点。并且随着探测技术精度的提高和多种尖端探测技术在战场上的并用,要求红外隐身涂料的研究工作开始向着多波段宽频带的方向发展。如:可见光/近红外/红外多波段隐身材料。
目前隐身纺织品大多使用涂层法进行加工,对织物本体性质影响较为明显(如手感);同时隐身面料也存在多频谱性能不够,以及长时间使用下隐身功效衰退的问题;此外,使用化学镀层的结合牢度也无法满足。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明旨在提出一种多层复合结构镀膜的制备红外隐身产品,以克服现有技术及产品的不足,提高红外隐身织物的手感等服用性能,同时改善其多频隐身、长时间使用及镀膜结合牢度等问题。
本发明提出的实现上述目的的技术方案如下:
本发明选取高密度的涤纶织物作为基体材料,在基体材料两侧先通过静电喷雾法进行相变材料的复合,然后通过磁控溅射技术先后沉积SiO2、金属Al,形成三层复合结构,制备多层复合结构的高效红外隐身织物。
进一步限定,所述基体材料为需热压处理,热压温度80℃,热压时间20min。
进一步限定,所述静电喷雾法沉积时间20min。
进一步限定,所述溅射SiO2使用的是射频源,功率80-90W,压强0.6Pa,沉积时间40min。
进一步限定,所述溅射金属Al使用的是直流源,功率40W,压强0.8Pa,沉积时间40min。
进一步限定,沉积层为1-5μm。
上述多层复合结构的高效红外隐身织物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将5.0g脲、0.5g氯化铵、0.5间苯二酚和200mL去离子水加入到500mL三口烧瓶中均匀搅拌,充分溶解后,用盐酸调节pH值到3.30-3.70,调节搅拌器转速,缓慢滴加液态石蜡形成乳液;稳定一段时间后,加入12.67g的37%甲醛水溶液,恒温水浴加热,反应4h。反应过程中适当加入热水以保持反应系的稳定,采用PHS-3B型pH计进行监测。反应完毕后,将反应液冷却,再进行分液、过滤、萃取、清洗、干燥。得到以石蜡为芯层的复合微胶囊相变材料。
2)使用静电喷雾法对纺织品进行相变材料的复合(第一层),以浸渍法整理到隐身纺织品表面。
3)固定靶材SiO2及相变材料复合织物,抽真空以达到本底真空度(8.5×10-4Pa),然后进行磁控溅射(第二层)。
4)固定Al靶材及步骤3)中制备的复合织物,抽真空以达到本底真空度(8.5×10- 4Pa),然后进行磁控溅射(第三层)。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1所制备的多层复合结构红外隐身织物的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例1所制备的多层复合结构红外隐身织物的原子力显微镜图。
具体实施方式
实施例1:首先使用热轧工艺对基体进行处理,通过静电喷雾法在热压过的基体上沉积相变微胶囊材料,沉积时间20min,完成第一层的复合;然后将该材料固定于磁控溅射镀膜仪的真空室内,装上SiO2靶材,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为80W,压强为0.6Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第二层的复合。最后将Al靶固定于真空室内,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为40W,压强为0.8Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第三层的复合,得到三层结构复合织物。
实施例2:首先使用热轧工艺对基体进行处理,通过静电喷雾法在热压过的基体上沉积相变微胶囊材料,沉积时间20min,完成第一层的复合;然后将该材料固定于磁控溅射镀膜仪的真空室内,装上SiO2靶材,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为85W,压强为0.6Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第二层的复合。最后将Al靶固定于真空室内,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为40W,压强为0.8Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第三层的复合,得到三层结构复合织物。
实施例3:首先使用热轧工艺对基体进行处理,通过静电喷雾法在热压过的基体上沉积相变微胶囊材料,沉积时间20min,完成第一层的复合;然后将该材料固定于磁控溅射镀膜仪的真空室内,装上SiO2靶材,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为90W,压强为0.6Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第二层的复合。最后将Al靶固定于真空室内,待真空度达到8.5×10-4Pa时,调节功率为40W,压强为0.8Pa进行磁控溅射,溅射时间40min,完成第三层的复合,得到三层结构复合织物。
与现有发明相比,本发明的优点如下:
使用磁控沉积技术制备具有不同波长的红外隐身纺织面料,达到对3-5um、7-14um波长红外波段的隐身效果(红外发射率小于0.6)。并且在保证隐身效果和结合牢度前提下,不显著影响隐身织物的手感和透湿性等服用性能。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种多层复合结构的红外屏蔽纺织面料的加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)织物前处理:使用热压技术对高密度涤纶织物进行预处理;
(2)第一层相变微胶囊的复合:将相变微胶囊以静电喷涂形式附着于步骤(1)中经热压处理的高密度涤纶织物表面,在织物表面形成相变层;
(3)第二层SiO2的沉积:将步骤(2)中的织物置于含有SiO2靶材的磁控溅射镀膜仪反应室中,通入氩气,在织物表面沉积SiO2层;
(4)第三层金属Al的沉积:将步骤(3)中的织物置于含有Al靶材的磁控溅射镀膜仪反应室中,通入氩气,在织物表面沉积Al层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的红外屏蔽纺织面料的加工方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)相变微胶囊沉积时间为20min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的红外屏蔽纺织面料的加工方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中溅射SiO2使用的是射频源,功率80-90W,压强0.6Pa,沉积时间40min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的红外屏蔽纺织面料的加工方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中溅射金属Al使用的是直流源,功率40W,压强0.8Pa,沉积时间40min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的红外屏蔽纺织面料的加工方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)和(4)中的反应气体为氩气,反应室真空度8.5×10-4Pa。
CN201610984820.8A 2016-11-09 2016-11-09 一种多层复合结构的红外隐身织物及制备方法 Pending CN106758163A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10889887B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2021-01-12 Honeywell International Inc. Chalcogenide sputtering target and method of making the same
US11946132B2 (en) 2016-08-22 2024-04-02 Honeywell International Inc. Chalcogenide sputtering target and method of making the same

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