CN106753763B

CN106753763B - Processing technology of fresh-keeping soybean oil

Info

Publication number: CN106753763B
Application number: CN201611152392.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张理博; 薛宝臣; 罗淑年; 张佳宁; 姜蕾蕾; 姜元松
Original assignee: Jiusan Food Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiusan Food Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2016-12-14
Filing date: 2016-12-14
Publication date: 2021-01-29
Anticipated expiration: 2036-12-14
Also published as: CN106753763A

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing technology of fresh-keeping soybean oil, which comprises the following steps: firstly, transporting newly harvested or low-temperature stored soybeans to a fresh-keeping after-ripening barn, preserving for 7-10 days at the temperature of 22-27 ℃, and performing after-ripening treatment; secondly, squeezing or leaching the soybeans subjected to after-ripening treatment to obtain crude soybean oil; thirdly, carrying out hydration degumming on the soybean crude oil, and carrying out efficient alkali refining treatment to obtain alkali refined oil; and fourthly, the alkali refined oil enters an oil pipeline and an oil tank in a nitrogen atmosphere for storage after being decolored, deodorized and cooled. The invention optimizes the key node process from the source (soybean oil storage) to the completion of oil production, and achieves the aim of producing fresh-keeping soybean oil.

Description

Processing technology of fresh-keeping soybean oil

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable oil processing, and relates to a processing technology of fresh-keeping soybean oil.

Background

In the traditional soybean processing process, harvested soybeans are generally taken out of a warehouse and processed according to a processing plan in a first-in first-out principle; however, for soybean seeds, the harvest does not mean the complete maturity of soybeans, and the period from harvest maturity to physiological maturity is called the after-ripening period, which is influenced by factors such as temperature, humidity and time, for example, soybeans are processed without after-ripening, the oil yield is low, and the subsequent oil refining consumption is high; when no processing task is available, if new soybeans are directly put into a warehouse for after-ripening, because the physiological activities of soybean seeds in the after-ripening period are active, the long-term storage brings grain storage risks, and the phenomena of high-temperature soybean and carbonized soybean sometimes occur. The soybean is taken out of the warehouse and then is squeezed or leached to obtain crude oil, and the crude oil can be eaten by people after being refined. In the traditional refining process, the degummed oil reacts with acid and alkali in sequence to remove non-hydrated phospholipid, free fatty acid, some peptized impurities and the like in the crude oil, but according to relevant reports, the more the acid and alkali are added during alkali refining, the greater the damage to nutrients such as sterol, Ve and the like in the oil is; in addition, higher alkali addition is accompanied by higher neutral oil loss, resulting in increased production costs for grease processing enterprises. The grease after alkali refining and water washing is decolored and accompanied with some unpleasant odor (called as odor), the grease needs to be further treated by a deodorization working section, and substances such as micromolecule aldehyde, ketone, acid and the like which generate the odor are removed by adopting high temperature (240-260 ℃) and high vacuum (3-5 mbar) according to different vapor pressures, so that the aim of deodorization is fulfilled. In this state, the original dissolved air between the mixed triglyceride molecules is simultaneously taken away, and if the deodorized oil is directly contacted with the air, the air can rapidly enter between the mixed triglyceride molecules, so that the oil is oxidized or the phenomenon of color reversion is generated. In order to improve the storage stability of the grease, nitrogen is often used for storing the grease, and at present, the most widely applied nitrogen-filled oil storage processes mainly comprise two processes, namely, a certain amount of nitrogen is introduced into an oil storage tank, and the air in the tank is extruded out, so that the grease is stored under the nitrogen atmosphere; and the other method is that before the grease is filled into the gland, nitrogen gas is introduced into the packaging bottle or liquid nitrogen is dripped into the packaging bottle, and the air in the bottle is discharged, so that the grease is stored in an oxygen-isolated manner. However, in both of the above two nitrogen charging methods, the air in the grease storage environment is discharged after the deodorized refined grease contacts the air, and a good storage effect cannot be achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology, aiming at optimizing a key node technology from the source (soybean oil storage) to the completion of oil production and achieving the purpose of producing fresh-keeping soybean oil.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology comprises the following steps:

firstly, transporting newly harvested or low-temperature stored soybeans to a fresh-keeping after-ripening barn, preserving for 7-10 days at the temperature of 22-27 ℃, and performing after-ripening treatment;

secondly, squeezing or leaching the soybeans subjected to after-ripening treatment to obtain crude soybean oil;

carrying out hydration degumming on the soybean crude oil, and then carrying out grease alkali refining treatment to obtain alkali refined oil, wherein in the grease alkali refining process, the degummed oil and acid liquor are mixed under the condition of stirring and ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic treatment frequency 20000 Hz);

and fourthly, after the alkali refined oil is subjected to grease decoloring, deodorization and cooling, the alkali refined oil enters an oil tank in a nitrogen atmosphere through an oil conveying pipe to be stored.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the soybean is subjected to after-ripening treatment before being squeezed or leached, so that the oil yield of the soybean can be effectively improved, the generation of non-hydrated phospholipid is reduced, and the subsequent refining consumption is reduced.

2. In the process of the grease alkali refining working section, through the ultrasonic action, micro jet with strong impact force is formed, and the collision density between reaction media is greatly improved.

3. According to the invention, after the oil is decolorized, deodorized and cooled, high-purity nitrogen is introduced into the oil conveying pipe, and then the oil enters the oil tank in the nitrogen atmosphere for storage, so that the oil can be prevented from contacting with air (oxygen) from the source, and the quality and the storage stability of the oil are ensured.

4. After the process and the improvement are used, the phenomenon of grease color reversion can be well delayed, and the color change of the grease is shown in tables 1 and 2 by comparison after the grease is stored for one month (28 days).

TABLE 1 comparison of nitrogen-charged color of first-grade oil of Meiwan soybean

TABLE 2 comparison of nitrogen-charged color of Brazilian soybean first-grade oil

The grease caustic refining consumption and index comparison are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for processing fresh-keeping soybean oil;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fresh-keeping after-ripening granary;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram A of a nitrogen-filled fat preservation device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram B of a nitrogen-filled fat preservation device;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the wireless control oil filter layer.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below, but not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment provides a fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology, which starts from soybean storage, reforms a granary structure, and achieves the purpose of regulating and controlling the physiological process of soybean seeds, and as shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

when the raw material soybeans need to be processed, firstly, a transmission device is started, newly harvested or low-temperature stored soybeans are transported to a fresh-keeping after-ripening granary and stored for 7-10 days at the temperature of 22-27 ℃, after-ripening treatment is carried out, and the soybeans are subjected to after-ripening action, so that the soybean oil yield can be effectively improved, the generation of non-hydrated phospholipid is reduced, and the subsequent refining consumption is reduced.

The soybean is squeezed or leached to obtain crude oil, and the crude oil enters an alkali refining process after hydration degumming. An ultrasonic emitter is introduced in the process of the alkali refining reaction of the grease, and a micro jet with strong impact force is formed through the ultrasonic action, so that the collision density between reaction media is greatly improved. During this time, a large number of fine bubbles are generated, which collapse and at the same time generate an instantaneous high temperature and pressure. On the basis, the contact area of the degummed oil and acid and alkali is increased by matching with the movement of the stirring wings, so that the contact area of the non-hydrated phospholipid and the inorganic acid in the degummed oil and the contact area of the alkali and a reaction medium in the neutralization reaction are greatly increased, the reaction efficiency can be greatly improved, the acid and alkali consumption is reduced, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, by using the method, nutrients such as sterol and Ve which are sensitive to acid and alkali in the oil can be effectively protected, and the purpose of proper refining is achieved.

The alkali refined oil is in a high vacuum state after being decolored and deodorized, high-purity nitrogen (the nitrogen concentration is 99.9%) is introduced into a closed pipeline through a grease nitrogen-filled fresh-keeping device after grease is decolored, deodorized and cooled, and then the grease enters an oil tank in a nitrogen atmosphere for storage, so that the grease is prevented from contacting with air (oxygen) from the source, and the grease quality and the storage stability are ensured.

The second embodiment is as follows: in order to solve the problem that the existing grain storage technology cannot artificially start the soybean preservation or soybean after-ripening function, the embodiment provides the fresh-keeping after-ripening granary, which can effectively control the soybean preservation and after-ripening function and realize the purpose of reasonable and safe grain storage.

As shown in fig. 2, the fresh-keeping after-ripening granary comprises a granary body 24, wherein a grain inlet 24-1 is arranged at the top of the granary body 24, a grain outlet 24-2 is arranged at the bottom of the granary body 24, movable closing devices such as spiles and the like are arranged at the grain inlet 24-1 and the grain outlet 24-2, the movable closing devices can be opened when grains need to be fed or discharged, a temperature measuring cable 25 is arranged in the granary body 24, and the temperature of soybeans in the granary is monitored in real time; a visual detector 26 is arranged on the top of the bin, the storage quantity and the state of the soybeans in the bin are monitored in real time, and the storage quantity and the state are fed back to a terminal control room through 3D modeling; the grain outlet 24-2 at the bottom of the granary is arranged along a straight line, a group of horizontal scrapers 27 is arranged below the granary body 24 corresponding to the grain outlet 24-2, a bucket elevator 28 is arranged outside the granary body 24, a feed inlet of the bucket elevator 28 is arranged corresponding to a discharge end of the horizontal scrapers 27, soybeans in the granary body 24 fall onto the horizontal scrapers 27 from the grain outlet 24-2 at the bottom of the granary, then are conveyed into the bucket elevator 28 by the horizontal scrapers 27, are conveyed upwards by the bucket elevator 28, a group of horizontal scrapers 29 are arranged above the granary body 24, a discharge outlet of the bucket elevator 28 is arranged corresponding to a feed end of the horizontal scrapers 29, a discharge outlet is arranged at a position of the horizontal scrapers 29 corresponding to the granary top grain inlet 24-1, soybeans conveyed by the bucket elevator 28 fall into the granary body 24 through the discharge outlet of the horizontal scrapers 29, the soybeans can be subjected to circulating heat exchange inside and outside the bin; a grain bin cleaner 30 is arranged in the grain bin body 24, so that the soybeans in the bin are all circulated, and no dead angle is left; the bottom of the bin is also provided with a ventilation opening 24-3, if the temperature of soybeans in the bin body 24 is high, dry cold air can be introduced into the bin body 24 through the ventilation opening 24-3, the northeast region of China has special climate and is cold, dry and long in winter, and in a season with proper heat exchange at an external temperature, the horizontal scraper plate I27, the bucket elevator 28, the horizontal scraper plate II 29 and the bin cleaning device can be started to carry out external circulation heat exchange until the temperature in the bin is reduced to be below ten ℃; the mesh plate and the ventilation door are arranged at the ventilation opening 24-3, the mesh plate is used for preventing soybean from leaking at the ventilation opening 24-3, and the ventilation door is used for plugging the ventilation opening 24-3 when ventilation is not needed; the wall of the granary body 24 is provided with a heat insulation layer and a heat tracing pipe, and when the after-ripening temperature is not ideal, the heat tracing pipe can be used for temperature adjustment.

The third concrete implementation mode: in order to further ensure the quality and the storage stability of the grease, the embodiment provides the grease nitrogen-filled fresh-keeping device, which utilizes the principle that the density of nitrogen is smaller than that of air, so that the air in the oil tank is completely discharged to the outside of the oil tank, the mixing of the air and the grease is reduced, and the fresh-keeping time of the grease after nitrogen filling is longer.

As shown in fig. 3-5, the fat nitrogen-filled fresh-keeping device comprises: defeated oil pipe 9, gas-supply pipe 1, wherein:

one end of the gas pipe 1 is connected with a nitrogen generator, nitrogen flows in the gas pipe 1, a pressure regulator 2, a flow controller 3, a flow meter 4 and an electromagnetic valve 5 are arranged on the gas pipe 1, the other end of the gas pipe 1 is connected with a pipe hoop 7 through a one-way valve 6, the pipe hoop 7 is connected with an air flow distributor 8, and the air flow distributor 8 is arranged in an oil conveying pipe 9 in a built-in mode and has an upward air outlet direction;

defeated oil pipe 9 be the straight tube, defeated oil pipe 9 in be equipped with a set of wireless control and strain the oil reservoir, airflow distributor 8 set up and strain between the oil reservoir at two wireless control, wireless control oil filter layer including oil filter plate 10, oil filter plate 10 dress on pivot cover 11, pivot cover 11 in the one end of packing into pivot 12, the other end of pivot 12 open and to have counter bore 13, counter bore 13 in install the output shaft 14 of motor, motor 15 on set up wireless receiver 18, wireless receiver 18 (shanghai cheng special science and technology CT 5220) cooperation wireless transmitter (shanghai cheng special science and technology CT 5221) use, motor 15 in pack into fixed cover 16, the front end of fixed cover 16 set up sealed pad 17, the center of sealed pad 17 pass pivot 12.

In this embodiment, the one end of defeated oil pipe 9 set up branch oil pipe 19, branch oil pipe 19 connect the oil inlet 21 of oil tank 20, oil inlet 21 open the top surface at oil tank 20, oil inlet 21 in pack into infundibulate oil feed connecting pipe 22, the side upper end of oil tank 20 even have outlet duct 23.

In this embodiment, the pressure regulator 2, the flow controller 3, the flow meter 4, and the solenoid valve 5 are sequentially arranged from left to right.

In this embodiment, high-purity nitrogen gas (nitrogen gas concentration of 99.9%) generated by the nitrogen generator is controlled to 3% of the oil flow rate in the oil pipeline by the flow controller, and is dispersed in the oil pipeline by the gas flow distributor to be mixed with the deodorized and cooled oil.

In the embodiment, nitrogen is firstly introduced into the oil tank to fill the oil tank, air in the oil tank is discharged, after the oil tank is filled with the nitrogen, the oil conveying pipe is filled with a mixture of grease and the nitrogen, and after the oil tank is filled with the nitrogen, the grease is stored in a full nitrogen environment, so that the freshness of the grease is ensured.

Claims

1. A fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology is characterized by comprising the following processing steps:

thirdly, carrying out hydration degumming on the soybean crude oil, and then carrying out alkali refining treatment to obtain alkali refined oil; in the alkali refining treatment process, the degummed oil and the acid liquor are mixed under the condition of stirring and ultrasonic treatment;

fourthly, after grease decoloring, deodorizing and cooling, the alkali refined oil enters an oil pipeline and an oil tank in a nitrogen atmosphere for storage;

the fresh-keeping after-ripening granary comprises a granary body, wherein a granary top of the granary body is provided with a grain inlet, a grain outlet is formed in the granary bottom of the granary body, movable closing devices are arranged at the grain inlet and the grain outlet, and a temperature measuring cable is arranged inside the granary body; a visual detector is arranged on the top of the bin; the grain outlet at the bottom of the granary is arranged along a straight line, a group of horizontal scrapers I are arranged below the granary body corresponding to the grain outlet, a bucket elevator is arranged on the outer side of the granary body, a feed inlet of the bucket elevator is arranged corresponding to the discharge end of the horizontal scrapers I, a group of horizontal scrapers II are arranged above the granary body, a discharge outlet of the bucket elevator is arranged corresponding to the feed end of the horizontal scrapers II, and a discharge port is arranged at the position, corresponding to the grain inlet at the top of the granary, of the horizontal scrapers II; the bottom of the bin is also provided with a ventilation port; a mesh plate and a ventilation door are arranged at the ventilation opening; the granary wall of the granary body is provided with a heat insulation layer and a heat tracing pipe;

nitrogen is introduced into the oil conveying pipe through a grease nitrogen-filling fresh-keeping device; the grease nitrogen-filling fresh-keeping device comprises: defeated oil pipe, gas-supply pipe, wherein:

one end of the gas pipe is connected with a nitrogen generator, nitrogen flows in the gas pipe, a pressure regulator, a flow controller, a flow meter and an electromagnetic valve are arranged on the gas pipe, the other end of the gas pipe is connected with a pipe hoop through a one-way valve, the pipe hoop is connected with an airflow distributor, and the airflow distributor is arranged in the oil pipe and has an upward air outlet;

defeated oil pipe be the straight tube, defeated oil pipe in be equipped with a set of wireless control and strain the oil reservoir, air flow distributor set up and strain between the oil reservoir at two wireless control, the wireless control oil strain layer including the oil cleaner, the oil cleaner dress sheathe in the pivot, the pivot cover in the one end of pivot of packing into, the other end of pivot open and to have the counter bore, the counter bore in the output shaft of motor, the motor on set up wireless receiver, wireless receiver cooperation wireless transmitter use, the motor in pack into fixed cover in, the front end of fixed cover set up sealed the pad, sealed center of pad pass the pivot.

2. The fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology of claim 1, characterized in that a barn clearing machine is arranged in the barn body.

3. The process for processing fresh-keeping soybean oil according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic treatment frequency is 20000 Hz.

4. The process for preparing soybean oil for fresh keeping according to claim 1, wherein the amount of nitrogen in the oil pipe is 3% of the oil flow.

5. The fresh-keeping soybean oil processing technology of claim 1, wherein an oil distribution pipe is arranged at one end of the oil conveying pipe, the oil distribution pipe is connected with an oil inlet of the oil tank, the oil inlet is arranged on the top surface of the oil tank, a funnel-shaped oil inlet connecting pipe is arranged in the oil inlet, and an air outlet pipe is connected to the upper end of the side surface of the oil tank.

6. The fresh-keeping soybean oil processing process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure regulator, the flow controller, the flow meter and the electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged from left to right.