CN106753428A - 一种反式pdlc液晶材料组合物、基板及显示器 - Google Patents
一种反式pdlc液晶材料组合物、基板及显示器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种反式PDLC液晶材料组合物,包括:垂直取向剂,液晶材料和丙烯酸单体;其中所述垂直取向剂分子中含有极性基团和非极性基团,其中所述液晶材料中垂直取向剂的质量百分含量为0.01‑5%,液晶材料的质量百分含量为80‑90%,丙烯酸单体的质量百分含量为10‑20%。本发明加入的垂直取向剂可以降低液晶分子在聚合物基体中的表面能,增加接触角,使得液晶分子垂直排列。由此制备的反式PDLC显示器在无外加电场时,液晶分子垂直排列,其有效折射率no与聚合物折射率np相匹配,光可通过;当施加电压时,液晶微粒的光轴取向随机呈现无序状态,其有效折射率no不与聚合物折射率np匹配,光不可通过。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种反式PDLC液晶材料组合物,还涉及一种反式PDLC基板材料,以及由此制备的反式PDLC显示器,属于液晶显示器领域。
背景技术
聚合物分散液晶(Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal,PDLC),是将低分子液晶与预聚物混合,在一定条件下经聚合反应,形成微米级的液晶微滴均匀地分散在高分子网络中,再利用液晶分子的介电各向异性获得具有电光响应特性的材料,它主要工作在散射态和透明态之间并具有一定的灰度。聚合物分散液晶膜(PDLC膜)是将液晶和聚合物结合得到的一种综合性能优异的膜材料。液晶分子赋予了聚合物分散液晶膜显著的电光特性,使其受到了广泛的关注,并有着广阔的应用前景。
相对于传统显示器件来说,聚合物分散型液晶显示器具有很多优点,例如不需偏振片和取向层,制备工艺简单,易于制成大面积柔性显示器等,目前已在光学调制器、热敏及压敏器件、电控玻璃、光阀、投影显示、电子书等方面获得广泛应用。
在无外加电压情形下,PDLC膜间不能形成有规律电场,液晶微粒的光轴取向随机呈现无序状态,其有效折射率no不与聚合物折射率np匹配,光不可通过;当施加外加电压时,液晶垂直排列,其有效折射率与聚合物折射率np相匹配,光可通过(如图1所示)。这种PDLC显示效果的影响因素有膜的薄厚、液晶与聚合物的混合比、相分离的时间、温度与驱动电压的频率等。
但是这种PDLC显示器,通常存在驱动电压高、透过率低、关态时雾度不够的、对比度差的问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有PDLC显示器存在的问题,本申请提供一种反式PDLC液晶材 料组合物及由此制备的基板材料和显示器,所述反式PDLC液晶材料组合物中通过加入了垂直取向剂来降低液晶分子在聚合物基体中的表面能,增加接触角,使得液晶分子垂直排列。将此液晶材料组合物涂布到基板上,制得反式PDLC基板材料。以此基板材料制备的反式PDLC显示器在在无外加电场时,液晶分子垂直排列,其有效折射率no与聚合物折射率np相匹配,光可通过;当施加电压时,液晶微粒的光轴取向随机呈现无序状态,其有效折射率no不与聚合物折射率np匹配,光不可通过。
根据本本发明的一个方面,提供了一种反式PDLC液晶材料组合物,包括:垂直取向剂、液晶材料和丙烯酸单体;其中所述垂直取向剂分子中含有极性基团和非极性基团。
垂直取向剂的极性基团部分与丙烯酸单体基团中的极性基团通过形成分子间作用力而相互吸引(例如氢键),其中的非极性基团伸展到液晶中,以立体障碍的方式达到使液晶分子垂直排列的目的。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例,所述液晶材料组合物中垂直取向剂的质量百分含量为0.01%-5%,优选为0.5-3%;液晶材料的质量百分含量为78%-90%,优选为80-85%;丙烯酸单体的质量百分含量为8%-20%,优选为10%-18%。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,所述垂直取向剂的结构通式为:Q-A-R(Ⅰ);
式中Q为极性基团,选自胺基、-OH、-COOH、-SH、-CN、-Si(CH3)3、-Si(OCH3)3或-SiCl3,其中所述胺基包括伯胺基、仲胺基或叔胺基中的一种或多种;
A为连接基团,包括柔性连接基团和/或刚性连接基团;
R为非极性基团,选自取代或未取代的C3-20的直链或支链烷基,其中一个或多个-CH2-可以任选地被-O-、-CONH-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-、或-CH=CH-取代,其中一个或多个H原子可任选地被氟原子或氯原子取代。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例,所述柔性连接基团的通式为:-(CH2)m-(Ⅱ),式中1≤m≤8,在一些具体的实施例中,其中一个或多个-CH2-可以任选地被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-O-COO-、-OCH2-或-CH2O-取代。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例,所述刚性连接基团的结构通式为
式中A为五元环、六元环、苯环或芳香稠环中的一种或多种,1≤n≤6,其中环A上的一个或多个H原子可任选地被卤素原子、烃基、烷氧基或酯基取代。
在一些具体的实施例中,适用于本发明的具体的垂直取向剂可以为式(Ⅳ)-式(Ⅷ)中的一种或多种:
OH-CH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-C12H15 (Ⅳ)
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式,所述液晶材料为负性液晶材料;对于所述负性液晶材料没有特别的限定,选择本领域公知的负性液晶材料即可。
在一些具体的实施例中,适用于本发明的负性液晶材料可以如式Ⅸ、式Ⅹ或式Ⅺ所示的化合物:
根据本发明的一个优选实施例,适用于本发明的丙烯酸单体可以为如式(ⅰ)、式(ⅱ)或式(ⅲ)所示的化合物:
根据本发明的另外一个方面,还提供了一种反式PDLC基板材料,包括将上述液晶材料涂布在基板上,经处理后,制得的基板材料。对于所述处理没有特别的限定,为本领域内常规的处理方法。
根据本发明的另外一个方面,还提供了一种反式PDLC显示器,其通过如下方法制备而成:
将上述液晶材料组合物涂布到基板上,得到基板材料;
将所述基板材料对接,经密封处理后得到液晶盒;
对所述液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,即得。
在一些具体的实施例中,所述反式PDLC显示器可按照如下方法制备而成:
(1)将上述负性液晶材料、丙烯酸单体和垂直取向剂混合均匀,得到反式PDLC液晶材料组合物;
(2)将上述反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到基板上,得到基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将所述基板材料与基板贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,并对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对上述液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,即得到所述反式PDLC显示器。
根据本发明反式PDLC显示器的制备方法,对于步骤(3)中的固化方式没有特别的限定,例如可采用热固化或紫外照射固化的方式。温度可以采用100~140℃,时间30min~90min;紫外照射波长可以为365nm,照度可以为60~110mW/cm2,时间可以为20~50s。
根据本发明反式PDLC显示器的制备方法,对于步骤(4)中的紫外照射处理没有特别的限定,例如可选择紫外光的波长为320~400nm,照度为60~100mW/cm2,照射时间为5~30min;优选选择紫外光的波长为365nm,照度为,照射时间为15min。
本发明的反式PDLC液晶材料中由于添加了垂直取向剂,其可以降低液晶分子在聚合物基体中的表面能,增加接触角,使得液晶分子垂直排列。由此制备的反式PDLC显示器在在无外加电场时,液晶分子垂直排列,其有效折射率no与聚合物折射率np相匹配,光可通过;当施加电压时,液晶微粒的光轴取向随机呈现无序状态,其有效折射率no不与聚合物折射率np匹配,光不可通过。本发明反式PDLC显示器驱动电压低,对比度高。
附图说明
图1为PDLC显示器在无外加电压时的光通过情况示意图;
图2为PDLC显示器在有外加电压时的光通过情况示意图;
图3为反式PDLC显示器在无外加电压时的光通过情况示意图;
图4为反式PDLC显示器在有外加电压时的光通过情况示意图;
附图标记说明:1、基板;2、聚合物;3、正性液晶材料;4、透射光;5、负性液晶材料。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案作一步的说明。
实施例1
(1)按照如下质量百分比备料制备反式PDLC液晶材料组合物:
垂直取向剂3%,负性液晶材料85%,丙烯酸单体12%;
其中,垂直取向剂为OH-CH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-C12H15,负性液晶材料为式Ⅸ所示的化合物,丙烯酸单体为式ⅰ所示的化合物;
(2)将反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到CF基板上,得到CF基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将CF基板材料和TFT基板贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,通过加热对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,选择紫外光的波长为365nm,照度为85mW/cm2,照射时间为15min,即得到反式PDLC显示器。
实施例2
(1)按照如下质量百分比备料制备反式PDLC液晶材料组合物:
垂直取向剂1%,负性液晶材料84%,丙烯酸单体15%;
其中,垂直取向剂为式Ⅴ所示的化合物,负性液晶材料为式Ⅹ所示的化合物,丙烯酸单体为式ⅱ所示的化合物;
(2)将反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到TFT基板上,得到TFT基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将CF基板和TFT基板材料贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,通过紫外照射的方式对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,选择紫外光的波长为330nm,照度为70mW/cm2,照射时间为20min,即得到反式PDLC显示器。
实施例3
(1)按照如下质量百分比备料制备反式PDLC液晶材料组合物:
垂直取向剂0.01%,负性液晶材料90%,丙烯酸单体9.99%;
其中,垂直取向剂为式Ⅵ所示的化合物,负性液晶材料为式Ⅺ所示的化合物,丙烯酸单体为式ⅲ所示的化合物;
(2)将反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到CF基板和TFT基板上,得到CF基板材料和TFT基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将CF基板材料和TFT基板材料贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,通过紫外照射的方式对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,选择紫外光的波长为320nm,照度为80mW/cm2,照射时间为30min,即得到反式PDLC显示器。
实施例4
(1)按照如下质量百分比备料制备反式PDLC液晶材料组合物:
垂直取向剂2%,负性液晶材料78%,丙烯酸单体20%;
其中,垂直取向剂为式Ⅶ所示的化合物,负性液晶材料为式Ⅺ所示的化合物,丙烯酸单体为式ⅲ所示的化合物;
(2)将反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到CF基板和TFT基板上,得到CF 基板材料和TFT基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将CF基板材料和TFT基板材料贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,通过紫外照射的方式对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,选择紫外光的波长为380nm,照度为100mW/cm2,照射时间为25min,即得到反式PDLC显示器。
实施例5
(1)按照如下质量百分比备料制备反式PDLC液晶材料组合物:
垂直取向剂5%,负性液晶材料87%,丙烯酸单体8%;
其中,垂直取向剂为式Ⅷ所示的化合物,负性液晶材料为式Ⅹ和式Ⅺ所示的化合物的混合物,丙烯酸单体为式ⅱ所示的化合物;
(2)将反式PDLC液晶材料组合物涂布到CF基板上,得到CF基板材料;
(3)在真空环境下,将CF基板材料和TFT基板贴合在一起,以密封胶密封,通过加热的方式对密封胶进行固化,得到液晶盒;
(4)对液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,选择紫外光的波长为400nm,照度为90mW/cm2,照射时间为5min,即得到反式PDLC显示器。
经检测,本发明实施例中制备的反式PDLC显示器的对比度为13-14,穿透率为89%-92%;而传统PDLC显示器的对比度为5-6,穿透率为75%,由此可以看出,本发明反式PDLC可显著提升对比度和穿透率。
在本发明中的提到的任何数值,如果在任何最低值和任何最高值之间只是有两个单位的间隔,则包括从最低值到最高值的每次增加一个单位的所有值。例如,如果声明一种组分的量,或诸如温度、压力、时间等工艺变量的值为50-90,在本说明书中它的意思是具体列举了51-89、52-88……以及69-71以及70-71等数值。对于非整数的值,可以适当考虑以0.1、0.01、0.001或0.0001为一单位。这仅是一些特殊指明的例子。在本申请中,以相似方式,所列举的最低值和最高值之间的数值的所有可能组合都被认为已经公开。
应当注意的是,以上所述的实施例仅用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的任何限制。通过参照典型实施例对本发明进行了描述,但应当理解为其中所用的 词语为描述性和解释性词汇,而不是限定性词汇。可以按规定在本发明权利要求的范围内对本发明作出修改,以及在不背离本发明的范围和精神内对本发明进行修订。尽管其中描述的本发明涉及特定的方法、材料和实施例,但是并不意味着本发明限于其中公开的特定例,相反,本发明可扩展至其他所有具有相同功能的方法和应用。
Claims (10)
1.一种反式PDLC液晶材料组合物,包括:垂直取向剂、液晶材料和丙烯酸单体;其中所述垂直取向剂分子中含有极性基团和非极性基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶材料组合物中垂直取向剂的质量百分含量为0.01%-5%;液晶材料的质量百分含量为78%-90%;丙烯酸单体的质量百分含量为8%-20%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述垂直取向剂的结构通式为:Q-A-R(Ⅰ);式中,Q为极性基团,选自胺基、-OH、-COOH、-SH、-CN、-Si(CH3)3、-Si(OCH3)3或-SiCl3;A为连接基团,包括柔性连接基团和/或刚性连接基团;R为非极性基团,选自取代或未取代的C3-20的直链或支链烷基,其中一个或多个CH2基团可任选地被-O-、-CONH-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CO-、或-CH=CH-取代,其中一个或多个氢原子可任选地被氟原子或氯原子取代。
4.根据权利要求3所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述柔性连接基团的通式为-(CH2)m-(Ⅱ);式中1≤m≤8,其中的一个或多个CH2基团可任选地被-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-OCOO-、-OCH2-或-CH2O-取代。
5.根据权利要求3所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述刚性连接基团的结构通式为:
式中A为五元环、六元环、苯环或芳香稠环中的一种或多种,1≤n≤6,环A上的一个或多个氢原子可任选地被卤素原子、烃基、烷氧基或酯基取代。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述垂直取向剂包括式(Ⅳ)-式(Ⅷ)所示化合物中的一种或多种:
OH-CH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-OCH2CH2O-C12H15 (Ⅳ)
7.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸单体选自如式(ⅰ)、式(ⅱ)或式(ⅲ)所示的化合物:
8.根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的液晶材料组合物,其特征在于,所述液晶材料为负性液晶材料。
9.一种反式PDLC基板材料,包括将权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的液晶材料组合物涂布在基板上,经处理后,制得的基板材料。
10.一种反式PDLC显示器,其通过如下方法制备而成:
将权利要求1-8中任意一项所述液晶材料组合物涂布到基板上,得到基板材料;
将所述基板材料对接,经密封处理后得到液晶盒;
对所述液晶盒进行紫外照射处理,即得。
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