CN106734078B - Solid garbage harmless treatment system and treatment method - Google Patents
Solid garbage harmless treatment system and treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106734078B CN106734078B CN201611161912.2A CN201611161912A CN106734078B CN 106734078 B CN106734078 B CN 106734078B CN 201611161912 A CN201611161912 A CN 201611161912A CN 106734078 B CN106734078 B CN 106734078B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a solid garbage harmless treatment system which sequentially comprises a light plastic primary selection device, a feeding device, a horizontal rotatable classifying screen, a drying closed container, a garbage collector and a gasification furnace; two ends of the classifying screen are open, a drying closed container is arranged outside the classifying screen, a heat supply pipeline is arranged between the drying closed container and the combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, a light plastic extraction port is arranged at the feed end of the classifying screen, and the classifying screen is connected with a plastic collection chamber, an exhaust fan and a waste gas purifier; the grading sieve is arranged step by step along the front, middle and rear sections, a fine particle bin and other particle bins are respectively and downwards arranged on the drying closed container, the fine particle bin is connected with the correspondingly arranged organic fertilizer fermentation tank, and the other particle bins are connected with the correspondingly and sequentially arranged metal reclaimer, the crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and the inorganic garbage treatment tank. The structure garbage treatment of the invention carries out combustion gasification on combustible garbage after sorting waste plastics for many times, and other garbage is classified and utilized, thus having good effect and environmental protection, avoiding pollution of dioxin produced after gasifying plastics to the atmosphere in the traditional process and basically realizing harmlessness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a solid garbage harmless treatment system and a solid garbage harmless treatment method.
Background
Solid waste treatment is a process for reducing its volume and accelerating its natural purification by physical means (such as crushing, compression, drying, evaporation, incineration, etc.) or biochemical actions (such as oxidation, digestive decomposition, absorption, etc.). Particularly, when the waste is treated, secondary pollution is avoided, and the toxic and harmful waste is ensured not to cause harm to human beings. It is essential to develop a comprehensive and comprehensive treatment plan for the solid wastes generated in cities. The comprehensive treatment aims at collecting various wastes in cities to a certain place, and combining various waste treatment processes into a system according to the characteristics of solid wastes so as to reasonably and intensively utilize substances and energy obtained by the processes. Can carry out effectual processing to the waste material through comprehensive treatment, reduce final waste discharge, alleviate the environmental pollution to the area, prevent secondary pollution's diffusion, can also accomplish simultaneously that the total treatment cost is low, the resource utilization efficiency is high.
The main approach for controlling the environmental pollution and the harm to the human health of the solid wastes is to carry out the recycling, harmless and reduction treatment of the solid wastes and sort and recycle the municipal wastes. The garbage is separated according to the chemical and physical properties of the garbage, such as specific gravity, electromagnetism, color, resilience, flammability and the like, and then treated by a dry method, a water slurry machine method, high-temperature or medium-temperature decomposition and other methods, so that materials such as metal, glass, paper making raw materials, plastics and the like are recovered from the garbage, and meanwhile, heat energy and combustible gas are recovered and recycled.
The adopted process of the existing solid garbage treatment equipment is a garbage carbonization process: vibrating material feeding → sorting → shredding → sieving → air separation → dehydration → drying → carbonization, and hot air can be used for drying after carbonization. All links of the treatment process need special equipment to be carried out step by step, and the used equipment is arranged in a row, so that the defects of complex process flow, large occupied area, high equipment input cost and the like exist, and importantly, in the prior art, the garbage carbonization process gasifies plastics completely, harmful components dioxin in combustion gas seriously exceed the standard, and the exhaust gas causes serious pollution to air. Therefore, it is not suitable for further popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a system and a method for harmless treatment of solid garbage, which optimize the production process and structure, have the advantages of compact structure, reasonable layout, small occupied area and low investment cost of production facilities, recycle waste plastics and avoid serious standard exceeding of dioxin in waste gas.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
designing a solid garbage harmless treatment system, which sequentially comprises a light plastic primary selection device, a feeding device, a horizontal rotatable classifying screen, a closed drying container, a garbage collector, a combustion gasification furnace, a plastic collection chamber and a waste gas purifier; the feeding device and the horizontal rotatable classifying screen are arranged obliquely downwards relative to a horizontal plane from front to back along the axial direction, and the light plastic primary selection device is arranged obliquely upwards relative to the feeding end of the feeding device; the two ends of the cylindrical grading sieve are open, a drying closed container is arranged outside the grading sieve, a heat supply pipeline is arranged between a drying chamber contained in the drying closed container and a combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, and the heat supply pipeline extends into the drying chamber from the rear end of the drying closed container; a light plastic extraction port is arranged on the closed drying container corresponding to the feed end of the classifying screen, and a plastic collection chamber, an exhaust fan and a waste gas purifier are sequentially connected to the light plastic extraction port; the grading sieve is arranged in a step-by-step manner by at least three sections of screens from front to back, the diameter of meshes of each section of screen from the first section of screen is gradually increased, and bins corresponding to each section of screen are respectively arranged downwards at the bottom of the drying closed container; the material bin corresponding to the first section of screen is connected with the organic fertilizer fermentation tank correspondingly arranged, and the material bins corresponding to the other screens are connected with the metal recovery machine, the crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and the inorganic garbage treatment tank correspondingly and sequentially arranged.
Preferably, in the above solid waste innocent treatment system, the system further comprises a receiving hopper and a waste bulk material diverter which are positioned at the feeding end of the light plastic primary separation device, wherein the waste bulk material diverter comprises a spiral reamer box, the receiving hopper is arranged at the upper part of the feeding side of the spiral reamer box, a spiral reamer is longitudinally and rotatably supported in the spiral reamer box, the discharging side of the spiral reamer box is communicated with a bulk material diversion trench, and the bottom of the spiral reamer box is provided with a grid; a diversion trench is connected between the right lower part of the grid and the feed end of the light plastic primary selection device.
Preferably, in the above system for harmless treatment of solid waste, the primary light plastic separator comprises a rotary cylinder and an air suction pipeline, one end of the air suction pipeline extends into the feeding end of the rotary cylinder, and the other end of the air suction pipeline is communicated with the plastic collecting chamber.
Preferably, in the above system for harmless treatment of solid waste, the light plastic primary sorting device is transversely and vertically crossed relative to the feeding device.
Preferably, in the above system for harmless treatment of solid waste, one end of the classifying screen is provided with a rotating carrier roller, the other end is connected with a driving mechanism, and the screen is arranged in a drying sealed container; and a fixed seal head is arranged at the discharge end of the classifying screen.
Preferably, in the above system for harmless treatment of solid waste, a belt conveyor is provided between the grain bin corresponding to the first section of screen mesh and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank.
Preferably, in the harmless treatment system for solid waste, the bins corresponding to the other screens share one set of metal recovery machine, crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and inorganic waste treatment pool.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned system for harmless treatment of solid waste, a belt conveyor is provided between the bins corresponding to the remaining screens and the common set of metal recovery machine, crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and inorganic waste treatment tank.
Preferably, in the above solid waste innocent treatment system, the inclination angles of the light plastic primary sorting device and the horizontal rotatable classifying screen with respect to the horizontal plane are in the range of 5 to 20 °.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned solid waste innocent treatment system, the feeding device is a ram-type feeding device or a screw-type feeding device.
In addition, the invention also provides a garbage disposal method adopting the solid garbage harmless disposal system, which comprises the following steps: solid garbage is selected by a light plastic primary selection device, then enters a closed drying container and a horizontal rotatable classifying screen through a feeding device to be dried and classified, firstly, light plastic is selected secondarily, then, the selected fine particle materials directly enter an organic fertilizer fermentation tank to be fermented, other selected particle materials are subjected to magnetic separation through a metal recovery machine to sort metals, then, the metals are crushed and classified through a crushing and sorting all-in-one machine, classified inorganic substances and glass crushed slag can be used as building materials for secondary utilization, plastic bottle fragments and product plastics are recycled, oversize matters after classification and sorting through the classifying screen are sent into a combustion chamber of a combustion gasification furnace through a garbage collector at the material outlet end of the classifying screen to be combusted and gasified, and hot air after gasification is sent into the drying closed container through a heat supply pipeline for drying; the plastic bag and the light plastic are pumped out by the exhaust fan along with hot waste gas and enter the plastic collection chamber for treatment and then are recycled, and the dried waste gas enters the waste gas purifier for harmless discharge.
Preferably, in the method for harmless treatment of solid waste, before the solid waste enters the light plastic primary separation device, the solid waste is lifted by a grab bucket and is put into a receiving hopper, the waste falls to a spiral reamer at the feeding side in a spiral reamer box, the blocks and the plastic packaging bag are hung and broken, and the broken waste falls onto a grid below the spiral reamer and further falls onto a dewatering vibrating screen; the wood blocks and large materials float on the spiral reamer and the crushed garbage, are pushed forward to the large material diversion trench and automatically flow out, and the large blocks and the wood plates are prevented from entering the next working procedure.
Preferably, in the above method for the harmless treatment of solid waste, when the solid waste moves down into the rotary drum of the light plastic primary selection device, the rotary light plastic is sucked up by the suction fan into the suction duct and then into the plastic collection chamber for collection and utilization.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the main part process of the invention is light plastic primary selection → drying, sorting → gasification, wherein sorting is carried out stage by stage through a classifying screen, the sorted fine particle materials directly enter an organic fertilizer fermentation tank for fermentation, the sorted other particle materials are subjected to magnetic separation to sort, then break and classify, the classified inorganic matters and glass broken slag can be used as building materials for secondary utilization, waste plastic bags and plastic bottles are broken and the product plastic is recycled, the screened matters after classifying screen sorting are clothes, large heating paper, shoes, caps, branches and other combustible matters at the material outlet end of the classifying screen and are sent into a combustion chamber of a gasification furnace by a garbage collector for combustion and gasification, the gasified hot air is used for drying through a pipeline, the plastic bags and the light plastic are secondarily extracted by an exhaust fan along with the hot waste gas and enter a plastic collecting chamber for treatment and recycling, and the dried waste gas enters a waste gas purifier for harmless emission.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1. structurally, the drying closed container with the temperature of about 300 ℃ is arranged outside the grading sieve, garbage is dried while being sorted, and the structure is compact; wherein the classifying screen is selected separately step by step for the segmentation, selects out the granule material of different size and different grade type in proper order, and the classification is handled respectively, and the combustible material that the bold can't be selected separately then gasifies, and the gasification hot gas is returned and is used for drying, and stoving waste gas then gets into the harmless emission of exhaust gas purifier. Therefore, the production process is optimized, the structural layout is more reasonable, the garbage treatment effect is good, the investment of production equipment and environment-friendly equipment is reduced, the energy is saved, the land area is saved, the environment is protected, and the harmlessness is basically realized.
2. Structurally, when the garbage is dried on the classifying screen, the plastic bag and the light stroking plastic are primarily selected and then pumped into the plastic collecting chamber along with hot drying air flow for recycling, so that pollution of dioxin in waste gas to the atmosphere is avoided.
3. Structurally, the screen surface of the grading screen of the light plastic primary separation device is obliquely arranged, so that garbage can automatically run downwards by means of self gravity in the screening process, and simultaneously, water in the garbage is removed, so that power is saved, energy is saved, and the production and use cost is low.
4. Structurally, add spiral reamer case, can hang brokenly big and small packing material and cubic, evenly scatter on the check net, and then fall among the plastics primary election device to light plastics are taken out in with rubbish, and billet and bold material then float on spiral reamer and garrulous rubbish, promote forward to big material guiding gutter department, and automatic outflow avoids bold and plank to get into the next procedure under reduction shredding equipment and process, in order to cause the jam.
5. Structurally, add light plastics primary election device before material feeding unit, when rubbish moves down to rotatory drum in, rotatory light plastics are taken out, get into plastics collection room in by the convulsions pipe, light plastics here through preliminary sorting, are selected separately to the secondary in the classifying screen, finally get into plastics collection room and are recycled. Thereby avoiding the pollution of the gasified component dioxin of the plastic to the atmosphere in the traditional treatment process, realizing the harmlessness and being beneficial to environmental protection.
6. Structurally, the light plastic primary selection device is transversely and vertically crossed relative to the feeding device, so that the longitudinal length of the equipment is further shortened, and the structure is more compact.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a configuration of a system for harmless treatment of solid waste according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 (with only the oven dry containment taken in section for clarity);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure shown in FIG. 1 in the direction A;
FIG. 4 is a process flow block diagram of the system shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the light plastic primary selection device, the material receiving hopper and the spiral reamer box;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the harmless treatment system for solid waste according to the present invention;
sequence numbers in the figure: 1. the device comprises a light plastic primary selection device, 2, a plunger type feeder, 3, a horizontal rotatable classifying screen, 4, a garbage collector, 5, a gasification furnace, 6, a drying closed container, 7, a heat supply pipeline, 8, an exhaust fan, 9, a plastic collection chamber, 10, a waste gas purifier, 11, a fine particle bin, 12, a medium particle bin, 13, a large particle bin, 14, an organic fertilizer fermentation tank, 15, a metal recovery machine, 16, a crushing and sorting integrated machine, 17, an inorganic garbage tank, 18, a rotating carrier roller wheel, 19, a driving mechanism, 20, a fixed end enclosure, 21, 22, a belt conveyor, 23, a receiving hopper, 24, a spiral reamer box, 25, a spiral reamer, 26, a large material diversion trench, 27, a grid, 28, a rotating cylinder, 29, an air extraction pipeline, 30 and a diversion trench.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in detail and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, and all the apparatus components referred to in the following examples are conventional apparatus components unless otherwise specified.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-3, the harmless treatment system for solid waste of the present invention comprises a light plastic primary selection device 1, a plunger type feeder 2, a horizontal rotatable classifying screen 3, a waste collector 4, and a gasification furnace 5 in sequence; wherein the plunger type feeder 2 and the horizontal rotatable classifying screen 3 are arranged obliquely downwards relative to the horizontal plane from front to back along the axial direction, and the light plastic primary selection device 1 is arranged obliquely upwards relative to the feeding end of the plunger type feeder 2; the light plastic primary sorting device 1 is arranged transversely and perpendicularly across the plunger type feeder 2.
Two ends of the classifying screen 3 are open, a drying closed container (shaped like an upper circle and a lower circle) 6 is arranged outside the classifying screen 3, a heat supply pipeline 7 is arranged between a drying chamber contained in the drying closed container 6 and a combustion chamber of the gasification furnace 5, and the heat supply pipeline 7 extends into the drying chamber from the rear end of the drying closed container 6; for 3 feed end openness departments of classifying screen, be equipped with air exhauster 8 at 6 tops of stoving closed container, be equipped with plastics collection chamber 9 on the 8 entrances of air exhauster, be equipped with exhaust gas purifier 10 on the 8 exports of air exhauster.
Wherein the screen mesh in the classifying screen 3 is arranged step by multiple sections along the front direction and the back direction, and a fine particle bin 11 and more than 2 bins are respectively arranged downwards on the drying closed container 6; the fine particle bin 11 is connected with a correspondingly arranged organic fertilizer fermentation tank 14, and the other bins are correspondingly and sequentially provided with a metal reclaimer 15, a crushing and sorting integrated machine 16 and an inorganic garbage treatment tank 17 which are connected.
Specifically, in order to realize the effective rotation of the classifying screen, one end of the classifying screen 3 is provided with a rotating carrier roller 18, the other end is connected with a driving mechanism 19, and the driving mechanism 19 can comprise a belt transmission mechanism including a belt pulley arranged on one end of a main shaft of the classifying screen; and a fixed seal head 20 is arranged at the discharge end of the classifying screen 3. In order to realize that the garbage can automatically move backwards by means of self gravity in the screening process, the inclination angle alpha of the light plastic primary selection device 1 and the horizontal rotatable classifying screen 3 relative to the horizontal plane is 5-10 degrees.
Referring to fig. 5, the light plastic primary separation device includes a rotating cylinder 28 and an air draft duct 29, one end of which extends into the feed end of the rotating cylinder and the other end of which communicates with a plastic collection chamber.
The specific working process is approximately as follows:
solid garbage is conveyed to a light plastic primary separation device 1 by a forklift, when the garbage rotates from top to bottom in the light plastic primary separation device, light plastic in the garbage is sucked into an air suction pipeline by an exhaust fan and then enters a plastic collection chamber 9, the garbage enters a plunger type feeder 2 and is conveyed into a grading sieve 3, the grading sieve 3 is horizontal and rotatable and is provided with two open ends, the grading sieve 3 is positioned in a closed drying container 6 and is dried in the screening process, the grading sieve firstly screens out fine particle garbage (less than 10 mm), then screens out larger blocks, plastic bottles, glass bottles and the like respectively, the screened objects are clothes, large paper, shoes, caps, branches and the like, plastic bags and the light plastic are blown to an open end of a garbage feeding end along with reverse hot air flow while the grading sieve rotates, are pumped out along with the hot waste gas by the exhaust fan 8 and enter the plastic collection chamber 9 for recycling, and the dried waste gas enters a waste gas purifier 10 for harmless discharge.
Combustible materials such as waste clothes, shoes, hats, paper, waste wood and the like are fed into a combustion chamber of a gasification furnace 5 by a garbage collector 4 at the discharge end of the classifying screen for combustion and gasification, high-temperature waste gas after combustion is fed into a drying chamber by a heat supply pipeline 7 for drying garbage, and finally the waste gas is purified by a waste gas purifier 10 and then is discharged harmlessly.
The fine particles with the particle size of less than 5mm are sieved out from the front section of the classifying screen 3 and are directly sent to an organic fertilizer fermentation tank 14 for fermentation, the sieved materials from other bins are sent to a metal recovery machine 15 by a belt conveyor, the metal materials are detected, the rest garbage enters a crushing and classifying integrated machine 16, inorganic substances and glass crushed slag are collected by an inorganic garbage treatment tank 17 and are used as building materials, and plastic bottle fragments and product plastics are recycled.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1 and 4, the method for treating garbage by using the above-mentioned solid garbage innocent treatment system of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, primarily extracting light plastics from solid garbage by a light plastics primary separation device 1, then feeding the solid garbage into a closed drying container 6 and a horizontal rotatable classifying screen 3 through a plunger type feeder 2 (also can be a spiral feeding stranding cage) for drying and sorting, directly feeding the sorted fine particle materials into an organic fertilizer fermentation tank 14 for fermentation, magnetically separating the sorted other particle materials by a metal recovery machine 15, crushing and classifying the metal by a crushing and sorting all-in-one machine 16, secondarily utilizing the classified inorganic matters and glass debris as building materials, recycling plastic fragments and product plastics of plastic bottles, sending oversize matters after classifying and sorting by the classifying screen into a combustion chamber of a combustion gasification furnace 5 by a garbage collector 4 at the discharging end of the classifying screen for combustion and gasification, sending hot air after gasification into the drying closed container for drying through a heat supply pipeline 7, secondarily extracting plastic bags and light plastics by a hot waste gas 8 into a plastic collection chamber 9 for treatment, and recycling the dried waste gas into a waste gas exhaust fan 10 for harmless discharge.
The lightweight plastic rotating in the rotating drum is drawn up by the suction fan into the plastic collection chamber as the solid waste moves down into the lightweight plastic primary sorting device. The light plastics are primarily sorted by the step, are secondarily sorted in the grading sieve, and finally enter the plastic collection chamber to be recycled. Therefore, the lightweight plastic is fully recycled, the pollution of the gasified component dioxin of the plastic to the atmosphere in the traditional treatment process is avoided, and the harmlessness is realized, thereby being beneficial to environmental protection.
Therefore, compared with the traditional process, the invention is optimized, the structural layout is more reasonable, the garbage treatment effect is good, and the environment is protected; the light plastic can be fully recycled, thereby avoiding the pollution of the gasified component dioxin of the plastic to the atmosphere and realizing the harmlessness.
Example three:
referring to fig. 5, the structure of the present embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment, and like numbers in the drawings represent the same meanings, and will not be repeated here, with the difference that: this embodiment still includes receiving hopper 23 and spiral reamer case 24, and receiving hopper 23 is established on the feed side upper portion of spiral reamer case 24, and the vertical rotation supports has spiral reamer 25 in the spiral reamer case 24, and spiral reamer case 24 delivery side intercommunication is equipped with big material guiding gutter 26, and spiral reamer case 24 bottom is graticule mesh 27, is connected with guiding gutter 30 under graticule mesh 27 between the rotatory drum 28 feed end.
Example four:
when the solid garbage is treated, the treatment method is the same as the second embodiment, and the parts with the same steps are not repeated, so that the differences are as follows: this embodiment is when handling solid-state rubbish, solid rubbish is at first mentioned by the grab bucket, put into receiving hopper 23 with rubbish, when whereabouts to spiral reamer 25 department, cubic and plastic packaging bag hang brokenly, garrulous rubbish falls into spiral reamer down on the graticule mesh 26, fall on (slot type) dehydration shale shaker 1 again, billet and bold material then float on spiral reamer and garrulous rubbish, promote forward to the big material guiding gutter 27 department, automatic outflow, avoid bold and plank to get into next procedure, can effectively prevent to block up, guarantee entire system's effective normal operating.
Example five:
referring to fig. 6, the structure of the present embodiment is similar to that of the embodiment, and like numbers in the drawings represent the same meanings, and will not be repeated here, with the difference that: the embodiment is convenient for carry far away, satisfies the organic fertilizer fermentation vat and sets up the long-distance needs, is equipped with belt conveyor 22 between fine particle feed bin and organic fertilizer fermentation vat.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes may be made to the specific parameters of the embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, for example, the plunger feeder may be replaced by a screw feeder or other feeder, the light plastic sorting cylinder and the horizontal rotatable sorting screen may have an inclination angle α of 15 ° to 20 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, and the like, to form a plurality of specific embodiments, which are common variations of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.
Claims (8)
1. A solid waste innocent treatment system is characterized in that: the device sequentially comprises a light plastic primary selection device, a feeding device, a horizontal rotatable classifying screen, a closed drying container, a garbage collector, a combustion gasification furnace, a plastic collection chamber and a waste gas purifier; the feeding device and the horizontal rotatable classifying screen are arranged obliquely downwards relative to a horizontal plane from front to back along the axial direction, and the light plastic primary selection device is arranged obliquely upwards relative to the feeding end of the feeding device; two ends of the grading sieve are open, a drying closed container is arranged outside the grading sieve, a heat supply pipeline is arranged between a drying chamber contained in the drying closed container and a combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, and the heat supply pipeline extends into the drying chamber from the rear end of the drying closed container; a light plastic extraction port is arranged on the closed drying container corresponding to the feed end of the classifying screen, and a plastic collection chamber, an exhaust fan and a waste gas purifier are sequentially connected to the light plastic extraction port; the grading sieve is arranged in a step-by-step manner by at least three sections of screens from front to back, the diameter of meshes of each section of screen from the first section of screen is gradually increased, and bins corresponding to each section of screen are respectively arranged downwards at the bottom of the drying closed container; the material bin corresponding to the first section of screen is connected with the organic fertilizer fermentation tank correspondingly arranged, and the material bins corresponding to the other screens are connected with the metal recovery machine, the crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and the inorganic garbage treatment tank correspondingly and sequentially arranged;
the garbage bulk material diverter comprises a spiral reamer box, the receiving hopper is arranged at the upper part of the feeding side of the spiral reamer box, a spiral reamer is longitudinally and rotatably supported in the spiral reamer box, the discharge side of the spiral reamer box is communicated with a bulk material diversion trench, and a grid is arranged at the bottom of the spiral reamer box; a diversion trench is connected between the right lower part of the grid and the feed end of the light plastic primary selection device;
the light plastic primary separation device comprises a rotary cylinder and an air suction pipeline, wherein one end of the air suction pipeline extends into the feeding end of the rotary cylinder, and the other end of the air suction pipeline is communicated with a plastic collection chamber.
2. The solid waste innocent treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the light plastic primary selection device is transversely and vertically crossed relative to the feeding device; the feeding device is a plunger type feeding device or a spiral type feeding device.
3. The solid waste innocent treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the classifying screen is provided with a rotating carrier roller wheel, the other end of the classifying screen is connected with a driving mechanism, and the screen is arranged in the drying sealed container; a fixed seal head is arranged at the discharge end of the classifying screen; a belt conveyor is arranged between the grain bin corresponding to the first section of screen and the organic fertilizer fermentation tank.
4. The solid waste innocent treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: and the bins corresponding to the other screens share one set of metal reclaimer, the crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and the inorganic garbage treatment pool, and a belt conveyor is arranged between the bins corresponding to the other screens and the shared set of metal reclaimer, the crushing and sorting all-in-one machine and the inorganic garbage treatment pool.
5. The solid waste innocent treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the light plastic primary selection device and the inclination angle of the horizontal rotatable classifying screen relative to the horizontal plane are respectively 5-20 degrees.
6. A refuse treatment method using the solid refuse harmless treatment system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising: solid garbage is selected from plastics by a light plastic primary selection device, then enters a closed drying container and a horizontal rotatable classifying screen through a feeding device for drying and sorting, the selected fine particle materials directly enter an organic fertilizer fermentation tank for fermentation, the other selected particle materials are subjected to magnetic separation by a metal recovery machine to sort metals, then are crushed and classified by a crushing and sorting all-in-one machine, classified inorganic matters and glass cullet can be used as building materials for secondary utilization, plastic bottle fragments and product plastics are recycled, oversize matters after being selected by the classifying screen are sent into a combustion chamber of a combustion gasification furnace from a garbage collector at the material outlet end of the classifying screen for combustion and gasification, hot air after gasification is sent into the drying closed container through a heat supply pipeline for drying, plastic bags and the light plastics are secondarily extracted by an exhaust fan along with hot exhaust gas and enter the plastic collection chamber for treatment and recycling, and the dried exhaust gas enters a waste gas purifier for harmless emission.
7. The method for detoxifying solid waste as claimed in claim 6, wherein: before solid garbage enters the light plastic primary separation device, the solid garbage is lifted by a grab bucket and is put into a receiving hopper, the garbage falls to a spiral reamer at the feeding side in a spiral reamer box, a block and a plastic packaging bag are hung and broken, and broken garbage falls onto a grid below the spiral reamer and further falls into the light plastic primary separation device; the wood blocks and large materials float on the spiral reamer and the crushed garbage, are pushed forward to the large material diversion trench and automatically flow out, and the large blocks and the wood plates are prevented from entering the next working procedure.
8. The method for detoxifying solid waste according to claim 7, wherein: when the solid garbage moves downwards to the light plastic primary selection device, the rotating light plastic is pumped by the exhaust fan to enter the exhaust pipeline and then enter the plastic collection chamber for collection and utilization.
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| CN107552534A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-09 | 平湖纬宸机械科技有限公司 | A kind of sorting retracting device of building waste |
| CN107672086B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2024-01-19 | 江苏润大橡塑材料有限公司 | Environment-friendly and energy-saving drying and screening machine for recycled plastics |
| CN107824602B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2023-10-31 | 清华大学 | Household garbage microwave plasma gasification and recovery integrated system |
| CN108636991A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-12 | 潍坊百特尔机械有限公司 | A kind of Domestic garbage crushing, screening, drying integral machine |
| CN110152798A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-08-23 | 李长征 | Garbage classification system and technique |
| CN110369104A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-10-25 | 赵胜 | Solid waste screening installation and refuse disposal system |
| CN112893127A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-04 | 美欣达欣智造(湖州)科技有限公司 | Combined disk screen |
| CN113441528A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-28 | 深圳市保洁恒环境产业有限公司 | Compression device with light separation structure for garbage disposal and use method thereof |
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