CN106719121B - Feeding method for improving survival rate of young finless eels - Google Patents
Feeding method for improving survival rate of young finless eels Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719121B CN106719121B CN201611030906.3A CN201611030906A CN106719121B CN 106719121 B CN106719121 B CN 106719121B CN 201611030906 A CN201611030906 A CN 201611030906A CN 106719121 B CN106719121 B CN 106719121B
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- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241001290772 Limnodrilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 241001302187 Moina Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000238576 Daphnia pulex Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000207867 Pistia stratiotes Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006440 Pistia stratiotes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001325 yolk sac Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002659 acromion Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 241000238578 Daphnia Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylpyrrolidin-2-one;molecular iodine Chemical compound II.C=CN1CCCC1=O CPKVUHPKYQGHMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000153 Povidone-iodine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229960001621 povidone-iodine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000003285 Caltha palustris Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004859 Gamochaeta purpurea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001405846 Mauritiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000158704 Monopterus albus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000031169 hemorrhagic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels, which comprises the following steps: the young finless eels are put into the net cage, mixed bait consisting of cladocera and limnodrilus is fed once every afternoon, and the young finless eels can be cultivated after 30 days, so that the young finless eels enter the growth stage. According to the feeding behavior of different days of the young finless eel, the daphnia horneri, the daphnia polycephala, the daphnia magna and the limnodrilus which are wide in distribution, fast in propagation, easy to culture and rich in nutrition are reasonably matched, the requirement of the young finless eel on nutrition is met, and the method has the advantages of high survival rate of the young finless eel, convenience in material obtaining, wide application range, low culture cost, high economic benefit and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels.
Background
At present, the artificial breeding technology of the finless eel (Monopterus albus) in China is mature, the wild finless eel resources are reduced rapidly due to the fact that a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used in large-scale fishing and agricultural production, water pollution is aggravated, and hardening of ditches and lakes results, the large-scale breeding technology of the finless eel has no breakthrough progress so far, the amount of seedlings emerging per unit area is low, the survival rate of seedlings (particularly the period of no more than 30 days after the yolk sac of the finless eel seedlings basically disappears) is low, the finless eel fry supply is seriously insufficient, and the further development of the finless eel industry is restricted. The survival rate of the young finless eel is low, and the survival rate of the young finless eel is greatly related to a seedling extraction method, the type of bait, a feeding method, culture density, water quality, plant diseases and insect pests and the like. At present, limnodrilus is basically adopted as bait for young finless eels in production, but the nutrition of single bait is not comprehensive enough, and limnodrilus needs to be disinfected in time, otherwise, enteritis, hemorrhagic disease and the like of the finless eels are easily caused (Yanhaiping et al 2001), thereby influencing the survival rate of the young finless eels. Accordingly, there is a need for baits and feeding methods that better promote the survival rate of young fish.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels, which comprises the following steps:
feeding young finless eels of 6 days old with mixed bait consisting of cladocera and limnodrilus once every afternoon according to 6-10% of the weight of the finless eels, and finishing the cultivation of the young finless eels within 30 days; wherein the cladocera is Carnoea cornutum (C. cornuta), Moina magna (M. macrocropa) or Daphnia magna (D.pulex);
wherein the mixed bait of the goniothiaea and the limnodrilus is fed between 1 day and 6 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the goniothiaea accounts for 60-80% (weight ratio); feeding mixed baits of moina mauritiana and limnodrilus between 7 days and 15 days after the young fishes are put in, wherein the two baits respectively account for half (weight ratio); and feeding mixed baits of daphnia pulex and limnodrilus between 16 days and 30 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the two baits account for half of the weight ratio respectively.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
arranging an open and close mesh net cage in a pond or a greenhouse, throwing water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipes Solms) or water lettuce (Pistiastrotides L.) in the net cage, putting 6-day-old young finless eels in the net cage, feeding mixed bait consisting of cladocera and limnodrilus every afternoon according to 6-10% of the weight percentage of the finless eels every day, and finishing the cultivation of the young finless eels within 30 days;
wherein the meshes of the net cages are 40-60 meshes, and each net cage is 1m long, 1m wide and 80-100cm high;
the water hyacinth or water lettuce is used at a concentration of 20g/m before being put into the water hyacinth or water lettuce3Sterilizing copper sulfate for 2-3 hours;
the young finless eel is 6 days old, the yolk sac basically disappears, and the stocking density is 300-2；
Disinfecting the limnodrilus with 0.5% saline water for about 1 hour before feeding;
wherein mixed bait of the goniothiaea and the limnodrilus is fed between 1 day and 6 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the goniothiaea accounts for 60% -80%; feeding mixed baits of Moina spinosa and Megasyprick, wherein the amount of the mixed baits is half of that of the Moina spinosa and the Megasyprick, between 7 days and 15 days after the young fishes are put in; and feeding mixed baits of daphnia pulex and limnodrilus between 16 days and 30 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the amount of the mixed baits is half of that of the daphnia pulex and the limnodrilus.
Further, the feeding method for improving the survival rate of the young finless eels comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing and setting a net cage: sewing polyethylene knotless net sheets into open net cages, wherein the meshes of the net cages are 40-60 meshes, the diameters of upper and lower steel ropes of the net cages are 0.6cm, and each net cage is 1m long, 1m wide and 80-100cm high; the net cage is fixed in the pond or the greenhouse, and when the net cage is fixed in the pond, the position of the net cage is timely adjusted according to the change of the water level of the pond; the draught of the net cage is 0.1-0.5m, and the bottom of the net cage is 40-50cm away from the bottom of the tank; the net cages are arranged in parallel in a single row, and the distance between every two rows of net cages is about 0.1-0.3 m;
2) throwing aquatic weeds: 1/2-2/3 area of water hyacinth or water lettuce is put in the net cage, and 20g/m of water plants are used before putting3Sterilizing copper sulfate for 2-3 hours;
3) putting the young fishes: after the aquatic weeds are thrown for 10-20 days, the healthy young fishes of 6 days old are uniformly stocked in the net cage on sunny days, and 0.2g/m is splashed once in the whole pool 5-7 days before the young fishes are thrown3Povidone iodine is sprayed in the whole pool once at the same time after being put in the pool, and the concentration of the povidone iodine is 0.4g/m3The detoxification and stimulation are realized, the stocking density of the young finless eels is 300-2；
4) Feeding mixed bait: the mixed bait is fed once in the afternoon every day according to the weight of 6-10% of the weight of the finless eels, the mixed bait is eaten well on that day, and the limnodrilus is disinfected by 0.5% saline water for about 1 hour before being fed. Feeding mixed bait of the daphnia horneri and the limnodrilus between 1 day and 6 days after the young fishes are put in, wherein the daphnia horneri is taken as the main bait and accounts for about 60-80 percent; feeding mixed baits of moina pallidiflora and limnodrilus, wherein the two baits account for half of the amount of the mixed baits respectively, between 7 days and 15 days after the young fishes are put in; and feeding mixed baits of daphnia pulex and limnodrilus between 16 days and 30 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the amount of the mixed baits is half of that of the daphnia pulex and the limnodrilus.
According to the method for improving the survival rate of the young finless eels, different cladocera and limnodrilus are selected to be reasonably matched at different ages of days according to the feeding behavior of the young finless eels, so that the nutritional requirements of the young finless eels are met, and the survival rate of the young finless eels is improved. Has the following characteristics:
1. according to the ingestion behaviors of different days of young finless eel, the daphnia horneri, the moina magna, the daphnia magna and the limnodrilus are reasonably matched to meet the nutritional requirements of the young finless eel. Therefore, the survival rate of the young finless eel is over 90 percent, and the survival rate of the young finless eel in the conventional culture method is only about 60 to 80 percent generally.
2. The daphnia cornuta, the Moina magna and the daphnia magna are dominant populations of cladocera in watercourses of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, have natural advantages of wide distribution, quick propagation, easy culture, large biomass, rich nutrition and the like, are used as baits of young finless eels, and have the advantages of convenient material taking, wide application range, low culture cost, high economic benefit and the like.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples (place of implementation: everlasting City of Jiangsu province). The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a bait for improving the survival rate of young finless eels and a feeding method thereof comprise the following steps:
1) manufacturing and setting a net cage: sewing polyethylene knotless net sheets into open net cages, wherein the meshes of the net cages are 40 meshes, the diameters of upper and lower steel ropes of the net cages are 0.6cm, and each net cage is 1m long, 1m wide and 100cm high; the net cage is fixed in the greenhouse, the draught depth of the net cage is 0.3m, and the bottom of the net cage is 40cm away from the bottom of the tank; the net cages are arranged in parallel in a single row, and the distance between every two rows of net cages is about 0.1 m;
2) throwing aquatic weeds: the water lettuce with the area of 1/2 is put in the net cage, and 20g/m is used before all the water plants are put in3Sterilizing copper sulfate for 2 hours;
3) putting the young fishes: adding herba Otteliae Alismoidis 120 days later, adding 6 days old health yellowYoung eels (artificial ecological cultivation in a normal-maturing production base) are uniformly stocked in the net cages in clear days, 400 tails of the young eels are stocked in each net cage, and 0.2g/m is sprinkled once in the whole pond 7 days before the young eels are put in3Povidone iodine is sprayed in the whole pool once at the same time after being put in the pool, and the concentration of the povidone iodine is 0.4g/m3Detoxification and stress-relieving;
4) feeding mixed bait: the mixed bait (artificially cultured in a normal production base) is fed once every afternoon according to the weight of 8 percent of the weight of the finless eels, the mixed bait is eaten well on the same day, and the limnodrilus is sterilized for 1 hour by 0.5 percent saline before being fed. Feeding mixed baits of the daphnia horneri and the limnodrilus between 1 day and 6 days after the young fishes are put in, wherein each net cage is fed with 1.4 g of the daphnia horneri and 0.6 g of the limnodrilus every day; feeding mixed baits of moina and limnodrilus 7 days to 15 days after the young fishes are put in, wherein each net cage is fed with 8 g of moina and 8 g of limnodrilus every day; and feeding mixed baits of daphnia magna and limnodrilus between 16 days and 30 days after the larvae are thrown, wherein 16 g of zoea cornuta and 16 g of limnodrilus are fed in each net cage every day.
After 30 days, the survival rate of the young finless eel is checked to be 96%, and the average weight of each eel is 2.6 g.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels is characterized by comprising the following steps:
feeding the young finless eel of 6 days with mixed bait consisting of cladocera and limnodrilus every afternoon every day, and finishing the cultivation of the young finless eel within 30 days; wherein the cladocera is acromion, Moina spinosa or Daphnia magna;
wherein mixed bait of the goniothiaea and the limnodrilus is fed between 1 day and 6 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the goniothiaea accounts for 60% -80%; feeding mixed baits of Moina spinosa and Megasyprick, wherein the amount of the mixed baits is half of that of the Moina spinosa and the Megasyprick, between 7 days and 15 days after the young fishes are put in; and feeding mixed baits of daphnia pulex and limnodrilus between 16 days and 30 days after the young fish is thrown, wherein the amount of the mixed baits is half of that of the daphnia pulex and the limnodrilus.
2. The feeding method for improving the survival rate of the young finless eels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises the following steps:
an open and close mesh net cage is arranged in a pond or a greenhouse, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Solms) or water lettuce (Pistiastrotides L.) is thrown into the net cage, and young finless eels of 6 days old are put into the net cage.
3. The feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mesh of the net cages is 40-60 meshes, each net cage is 1m long, 1m wide and 80-100cm high.
4. The feeding method for improving the survival rate of young finless eels according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the young finless eels are 6 days old, yolk sacs are basically disappeared, the stocking density is 300-2。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611030906.3A CN106719121B (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2016-11-16 | Feeding method for improving survival rate of young finless eels |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611030906.3A CN106719121B (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2016-11-16 | Feeding method for improving survival rate of young finless eels |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106719121A CN106719121A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106719121B true CN106719121B (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101861937A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-20 | 尹克华 | Bait for fishing ricefield eel |
| CN103314896A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Intercropping method for finless eel and mud fish in lotus root pond |
| CN104488772A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 上海东保农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving aperture opening ratio of ricefield eels |
-
2016
- 2016-11-16 CN CN201611030906.3A patent/CN106719121B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101861937A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-10-20 | 尹克华 | Bait for fishing ricefield eel |
| CN103314896A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-09-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Intercropping method for finless eel and mud fish in lotus root pond |
| CN104488772A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-04-08 | 上海东保农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving aperture opening ratio of ricefield eels |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 黄鳝仔稚鱼食性与生长研究;沈艳兵;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）》;20140315;第D052-204页 * |
| 黄鳝食性的初步研究;杨代勤等;《水生生物学报》;19970331;第21卷(第1期);第24-30页 * |
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