CN106718717A - A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106718717A CN106718717A CN201611011543.9A CN201611011543A CN106718717A CN 106718717 A CN106718717 A CN 106718717A CN 201611011543 A CN201611011543 A CN 201611011543A CN 106718717 A CN106718717 A CN 106718717A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material, sieving seedling and open country 2 stages of field planting in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling carries out Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared；(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained；(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained；(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling.In turmeric seedlings root Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant in the present invention, mycorrhizas homobium is formed.Mycelia expands the absorption area of root system, improves absorption and use efficiency of the root system to nutrient；Mycorrhizal fungi secretes some growth substances stimulates growing for root system, strengthens turmeric root activity, promotes the accumulation of turmeric secondary metabolite.This is conducive to improving photosynthetic capacity, promotes the accumulation of soluble protein and sugar matter photosynthate, curcumin chemical compounds and volatile oil content is improved, so as to realize the raising of turmeric yield and effective component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to turmeric technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of raising turmeric quality of medicinal material.
Background technology
Curcuma is Zingiber perennial herb plant.Whole world curcuma there are about kind more than 60, its
Distribution is relatively broad, is distributed mainly on the torrid zones such as the countries in Southeast Asia such as India, Burma, Pakistan, Nepal and Australia
And subtropical zone.The distribution groups of China curcuma about 20, including kind, subspecies, mutation, variety, producing region from I
The state southeast to the west and south.The provinces and regions such as Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan are mainly distributed on, its turmeric point
Cloth species is more, reserves are larger.
Curcuma is that traditional autonomic drug is widely used, and medical value is also developed very early, with long
History.Turmeric is applied to many aspects by the traditional medicine on the ground such as China, India, Thailand.Modern study shows that its pharmacology is lived
Property predominantly anti-oxidant, antitumor, treatment type ii diabetes, inhibition thrombosis, treatment depression, remove free radical, anti-micro-
It is biological and to the many-side pharmacological action such as digestive system.Can be clinically used for treating cancer, reducing blood lipid, hepatic cholagogic, in recent years
Curcuma has turned into study hotspot both domestic and external, and the research field being related to is also more and more extensive.
Turmeric group culturation rapid propagating technology has succeeded, but test tube seedling production is slow, and active constituent content is low.At present in production
Or sowed with turmeric root-like stock so that the scale high-efficiency high-quality production of turmeric is restricted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, there is provided a kind of cultural method of raising turmeric quality of medicinal material.
Concrete technical scheme of the invention is as follows：
A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material, sieving seedling and open country 2 stages of field planting in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is carried out
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：
(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared：Mycorrhizal fungi is inoculated in the host plant screw oil expeller axle planted in cultivation matrix
The seedling of grass, after cultivating 2.5~3.5 months, the above-ground plant parts of red clover is cut off, after cultivation matrix is air-dried, will
Plant root is cut into the segment of 0.8~1.2cm, and root system and cultivation matrix are uniformly mixed, as mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, wherein wrapping
The mixture of mycorrhizal fungal spore, cystocarp, mycelium or mycorhiza root segment and cultivation matrix is included, above-mentioned cultivation matrix is peat soil
: vermiculite=3~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1；
(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained；
(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained；
(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling；
Above-mentioned turmeric is turmeric Curcuma longa L, Curcuma angustifolia Boxb Curcuma angustifolia Roxb., Bai Ding
Turmeric Curcuma albicoma, curcuma zedoary Curcuma aeruginosa, Guangxi zedoary C.kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et
C.F.Liang, root tuber of aromatic turmeric Curcuma aromatica Salisb, RADIX CURCUMAE from Sichuan of China Curcuma sichuanensis；Above-mentioned mycorhiza is true
Bacterium is Glomus versiforme Glomus versiforme and/or Glomus mosseae Glomus mosseae.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step (2) is：With turmeric root-like stock as explant, carry out
Axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strengthening seedling and rooting, obtain turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving is MS+6-
BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, the culture medium used by adventitious bud proliferation is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+
TDZ 0.05mg/L, the culture medium used by strengthening seedling and rooting is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step (3) is：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling that step (2) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm,
1 plant is planted per hole and the cultivation matrix is housed；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole,
Turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is put into, the microbial inoculum matrix of remaining void volume is added, it is ensured that the root system surface covering microbial inoculum of turmeric tissue-cultured seedling
Matrix, carries out sieve seedling and grows 1~2 month, obtains the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm, and above-mentioned microbial inoculum matrix is by above-mentioned
Cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum are constituted, wherein the weight ratio of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is 15
~20: 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step (3) is：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling that step (2) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm,
1 plant is planted per hole and the cultivation matrix is housed；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole,
Then 10~15g of the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is uniformly sprinkled on cultivation matrix surface, is then placed in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, it is ensured that root system
Mycorhiza agent is fully contacted, the cultivation matrix of remaining void volume is finally added, sieve seedling is carried out and is grown 1~2 month, obtain plant
Highly it is the turmeric seedling of 15~20cm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step (4) is：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric, good kind is dug
Plant hole, plants plant hole 14~16cm of diameter, 9~12cm of depth；First the thick microbial inoculums of 2~3cm are put into during plantation in the bottom of kind of plant hole
Composite interstitial substance, the turmeric seedling and the cultivation matrix for taking step (3) acquisition moves into kind of plant hole together, with the bacterium in kind of plant hole
Agent composite interstitial substance fixes turmeric seedling root, finally backfills table soil；Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance is the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and is combined
Matrix is constituted, and wherein mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and the weight ratio of composite interstitial substance is 1: 15~20, and composite interstitial substance is by turf and vermiculite group
Into wherein the weight ratio of turf and vermiculite is 1~2: 1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, in turmeric seedlings root Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant in the present invention, mycorrhizas homobium is formed.Mycelia expands root system
Absorption area, improve root system to the absorption and use efficiency of nutrient；Mycorrhizal fungi secretes some growth substances stimulates root system
Grow, increase adventitious root and lateral root number, so as to strengthen turmeric root activity.This is conducive to improving chlorophyll content,
Net Photosynthetic Rate increases, and promotes the accumulation of soluble protein and sugar matter photosynthate, so as to realize the raising of turmeric yield.
2nd, mycorrhizal fungi and turmeric root system homobium in the present invention, raising activities of antioxidant enzymes, scavenging capacity oxygen radical,
The effect of protection membrane permeability and structural stability, improve the resistance of turmeric；Mycorrhizal fungi can activate the signals such as salicylic acid
Material, strengthens curcumin biosynthesis pathway key enzyme PAL and curcumin synzyme isoreactivity, promotes turmeric
The accumulation of the secondary metabolites such as chlorins compound, increases the active constituent content of turmeric medicinal material.
2nd, cultural method of the present invention is simple, it is easy to spread, and productivity effect is notable, before showing good development
Scape.The present invention is that the scientic planting of Chinese medicine and the security of Producing medicinal herbs provide theoretical foundation, so as to promote Chinese medicine plant
The sustainable development of industry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the micro-structure diagram that mycorrhizal fungi infects turmeric root system in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further detailed and described below by way of specific embodiment combination accompanying drawing.
In following embodiments, turmeric is turmeric Curcuma longa L, Curcuma angustifolia Boxb Curcuma angustifolia
Roxb., Curcuma albicoma Curcuma albicoma, curcuma zedoary Curcuma aeruginosa, Guangxi zedoary C.kwangsiensis
S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang, root tuber of aromatic turmeric Curcuma aromatica Salisb, RADIX CURCUMAE from Sichuan of China Curcuma sichuanensi.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material, sieving seedling and open country 2 stages of field planting in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is carried out
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：
(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared：Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme) is inoculated in host plant screw oil expeller
Axle grass seedling (planting in cultivation matrix), after cultivating 3 months, above-ground plant parts is cut off, and after cultivation matrix is air-dried, will be planted
Strain root system is cut into the segment of 0.8~1.2cm, root system and cultivation matrix is uniformly mixed, as mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, including
Mycorrhizal fungal spore, cystocarp, the mixture of mycelium or mycorhiza root segment and cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix are peat soil: vermiculite
=3~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1；
(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained：With turmeric root-like stock as explant, axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strong sprout are carried out
Take root, obtain turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving is MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, no
Culture medium used by bud multiplication is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L, used by strengthening seedling and rooting
Culture medium is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L；
(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling warp that step (2) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm, often
Plant 1 plant in hole；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, be put into turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, then add
Enter the microbial inoculum matrix of remaining void volume, it is ensured that the root system surface of turmeric tissue-cultured seedling covering microbial inoculum matrix, carry out sieve seedling growth 1~
2 months, the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm is obtained, above-mentioned microbial inoculum matrix is true by above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorhiza
Bacteria agent is constituted, wherein the weight ratio of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is 15~20: 1；Or obtain step (2)
The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling for obtaining plants 128 holes for upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm in aperture sizes after hardening
Sieve seedling is carried out in hole tray, 1 plant is planted per hole；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, connect
And be uniformly sprinkled into the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum 10g on cultivation matrix surface, be then placed in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, it is ensured that root system fully connects
Mycorhiza agent is touched, the cultivation matrix of remaining void volume is finally added, sieve seedling is carried out and is grown 1~2 month, obtaining plant height is
The turmeric seedling of 15~20cm；
(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric, is dug and is planted plant hole, plant plant hole diameter 14
~16cm, 9~12cm of depth；The thick microbial inoculum composite interstitial substances of 2~3cm first are put into the bottom of kind of plant hole during plantation, step (3) is taken
The turmeric seedling of acquisition and cultivation matrix are moved into kind of plant hole together, and turmeric seedling is fixed with the microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance in kind of plant hole
Root, finally backfills table soil；Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance is that the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and composite interstitial substance are constituted, wherein mycorrhizal fungi bacterium
Agent is 1: 20 with the weight ratio of composite interstitial substance, and composite interstitial substance is made up of turf and vermiculite, and wherein the weight ratio of turf and vermiculite is 1
~2: 1；Turmeric growth period carries out conventional fertilizer application management according to soil fertility, while carrying out moisture, weeds, diseased plant and insect pest etc.
Conventional field management.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material, sieving seedling and open country 2 stages of field planting in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is carried out
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：
(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared：Glomus mosseae (Glomus mosseae) is inoculated in host plant screw oil expeller axle
Careless seedling (planting in cultivation matrix), after cultivating 3 months, above-ground plant parts is cut off, after cultivation matrix is air-dried, by plant
Root system is cut into the segment of 0.8~1.2cm, and root system and cultivation matrix are uniformly mixed, as mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, including bacterium
Mycorrhiza fungi spore, cystocarp, the mixture of mycelium or mycorhiza root segment and cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is peat soil: vermiculite=3
~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1；
(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained：With turmeric root-like stock as explant, axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strong sprout are carried out
Take root, obtain turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving is MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, no
Culture medium used by bud multiplication is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L, used by strengthening seedling and rooting
Culture medium is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L；
(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling warp that step (2) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm, often
Hole plants 1 plant, first loads the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, is put into turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, then add
Enter the microbial inoculum matrix of remaining void volume, it is ensured that the root system surface of turmeric tissue-cultured seedling covering microbial inoculum matrix, carry out sieve seedling growth 1~
2 months, the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm is obtained, above-mentioned microbial inoculum matrix is true by above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorhiza
Bacteria agent is constituted, wherein the weight ratio of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is 15~20: 1；Or obtain step (2)
The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling for obtaining plants 128 holes for upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm in aperture sizes after hardening
Sieve seedling is carried out in hole tray, 1 plant is planted per hole；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, connect
And be uniformly sprinkled into the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum 15g on cultivation matrix surface, be then placed in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, it is ensured that root system fully connects
Mycorhiza agent is touched, the cultivation matrix of remaining void volume is finally added, sieve seedling is carried out and is grown 1~2 month, obtaining plant height is
The turmeric seedling of 15~20cm；
(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric, is dug and is planted plant hole, plant plant hole diameter 14
~16cm, 9~12cm of depth；The thick microbial inoculum composite interstitial substances of 2~3cm first are put into the bottom of kind of plant hole during plantation, step (3) is taken
The turmeric seedling of acquisition and cultivation matrix are moved into kind of plant hole together, and turmeric seedling is fixed with the microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance in kind of plant hole
Root, finally backfills table soil；Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance is that the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and composite interstitial substance are constituted, wherein mycorrhizal fungi bacterium
Agent is 1: 15 with the weight ratio of composite interstitial substance, and composite interstitial substance is made up of turf and vermiculite, and wherein the weight ratio of turf and vermiculite is 1
~2: 1；Turmeric growth period carries out conventional fertilizer application management according to soil fertility, while carrying out moisture, weeds, diseased plant and insect pest etc.
Conventional field management.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method for improving turmeric quality of medicinal material, sieving seedling and open country 2 stages of field planting in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is carried out
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：
(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared：By Glomus versiforme (Glomus versiforme) and Glomus mosseae
(Glomus mosseae) is inoculated in host plant red clover seedling (planting in cultivation matrix) respectively, after cultivating 3 months,
Above-ground plant parts is cut off, after cultivation matrix is air-dried, plant root is cut into the segment of 0.8~1.2cm, by root system (earth's surface
Sacculus mould (Glomus versiforme) and Glomus mosseae (Glomus mosseae) corresponding root system are mixed by 2: 3)
Uniformly mix with cultivation matrix, as mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, including mycorrhizal fungal spore, cystocarp, mycelium or mycorhiza
The mixture of root segment and cultivation matrix, cultivation matrix is peat soil: vermiculite=3~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1；.
(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained：With turmeric root-like stock as explant, axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strong sprout are carried out
Take root, obtain turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving is MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, no
Culture medium used by bud multiplication is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L, used by strengthening seedling and rooting
Culture medium is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L；
(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling warp that step (2) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm, often
Plant 1 plant in hole；First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, be put into turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, then add
Enter the microbial inoculum matrix of remaining void volume, it is ensured that the root system surface of turmeric tissue-cultured seedling covering microbial inoculum matrix, carry out sieve seedling growth 1~
2 months, the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm is obtained, above-mentioned microbial inoculum matrix is true by above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorhiza
Bacteria agent is constituted, wherein the weight ratio of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is 15~20: 1；Or obtain step (2)
The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling for obtaining plants 128 holes for upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm in aperture sizes after hardening
Sieve seedling is carried out in hole tray, 1 plant is planted per hole；Cultivation matrix in hole is peat soil: vermiculite=3~4: 1 or peat soil: pearl
Rock=3~4: 1, first load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole, then on cultivation matrix surface
The mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum 12g is uniformly sprinkled into, turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is then placed in, it is ensured that root system is fully contacted mycorhiza agent, again finally
The cultivation matrix of remaining void volume is added, sieve seedling is carried out and is grown 1~2 month, obtain the turmeric that plant height is 15~20cm
Seedling；
(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric, is dug and is planted plant hole, plant plant hole diameter 14
~16cm, 9~12cm of depth；The thick microbial inoculum composite interstitial substances of 2~3cm first are put into the bottom of kind of plant hole during plantation, step (3) is taken
The turmeric seedling of acquisition and cultivation matrix are moved into kind of plant hole together, and turmeric seedling is fixed with the microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance in kind of plant hole
Root, finally backfills table soil；Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance is that the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and composite interstitial substance are constituted, wherein mycorrhizal fungi bacterium
Agent is 1: 18 with the weight ratio of composite interstitial substance, and composite interstitial substance is made up of turf and vermiculite, and wherein the weight ratio of turf and vermiculite is 1
~2: 1；Turmeric growth period carries out conventional fertilizer application management according to soil fertility, while carrying out moisture, weeds, diseased plant and insect pest etc.
Conventional field management.
Embodiment 4
(1) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained：With turmeric root-like stock as explant, axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strong sprout are carried out
Take root, obtain turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving is MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, no
Culture medium used by bud multiplication is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L, used by strengthening seedling and rooting
Culture medium is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L；
(2) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained：The turmeric tissue-cultured seedling warp that step (1) is obtained
Planted after hardening carries out sieve seedling in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm, often
Plant 1 plant in hole；Cultivation matrix in hole is peat soil: vermiculite=3~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1, during plantation
First load the cultivation matrix of 55~65% void volumes in hole, be put into turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, add remaining void volume
Cultivation matrix, carries out sieve seedling and grows 1~2 month, obtains the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm；
(3) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric, is dug and is planted plant hole, plant plant hole diameter 14
~16cm, 9~12cm of depth；The turmeric seedling and cultivation matrix for taking step (2) acquisition move into kind of plant hole together, with kind of a plant hole
In composite interstitial substance fix turmeric seedling root, finally backfill table soil；Composite interstitial substance is made up of turf and vermiculite, wherein turf and
The weight ratio of vermiculite is 1~2: 1；Turmeric growth period carries out conventional fertilizer application management according to soil fertility, while carrying out moisture, miscellaneous
The conventional field management such as grass, diseased plant and insect pest.
Embodiment 5
The various embodiments described above carry out root invasion detection after open country is colonized 1 month, and October turmeric growth animated period takes
Sample carries out physiological index determining, and yield and quality constituent analysis is carried out after the harvesting of January turmeric.
Interpretation of result：Mycorrhizal fungi infects the micro-structure diagram of turmeric root system in Fig. 1, and A is the earth's surface ball of embodiment 1 in Fig. 1
Capsule mould (Gv) infects the mycelia situation of turmeric root system；B is the Glomus mosseae (G of embodiment 2 in Fig. 1M) infect the bacterium of turmeric root system
Silk situation；C is the Glomus versiforme of embodiment 3 and Glomus mosseae (G in Fig. 1V+GM) infect the mycelia situation of turmeric root system；Fig. 1
Middle D is the microstructure without Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungi turmeric root system.Turmeric tissue-cultured seedling sieve seedling at the end of Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence 98% with
On, open country detects that Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence reaches 100% after being colonized 1 month.Therefore, can be efficiently real using 2 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungies
The Mycorrhizal of existing turmeric root system.
The turmeric seedling of embodiment 1,2,3 is different real in table 1 through the physiological property situation after Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant in table 1
Apply the various physiological properties of example and there is marked difference, inoculation Glomus versiforme (GV) or Glomus mosseae (GM) physical signs it is notable
Higher than there is no Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal biodegradation；And inoculation Glomus versiforme and Glomus mosseae (GV+GM) mix bacterium agent effect more
Significantly.As it can be seen from table 1 the chlorophyll content of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal biodegradation improves 93.41~140.50%, Net Photosynthetic Rate
Raising 12.85~51.01%, soluble sugar content raising 43.59~82.05%, content of soluble protein raising 44.19~
102.33%, superoxides gasification enzymatic activity raising 46.75~59.97%, peroxidase activity raising 73.36~
143.86%.It can be seen that, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungi improves root activity, promotes absorption of the root system to nutriment, increases blade and blade green
Cellulose content, improves the photosynthetic capacity of blade, promotes the generation of photosynthate soluble sugar；Meanwhile, fungi is conducive to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Improve membrane structure, improve activities of antioxidant enzymes, strengthen the Scavenging activity of superoxide anion, reduce active oxygen radical, from
And improve the resistance of turmeric cell.
Influence of the mycorrhizal fungi of table 1 to turmeric physiological property
Through Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungi, the yield and quality composition that turmeric is determined after harvesting contains the turmeric seedling of embodiment 1,2,3 in table 2
The situation of amount.The yield and quality component content of embodiment 1~3 is significantly increased；And inoculation Glomus versiforme and Moses's ball
Mould (the G of capsuleV+GM) mix bacterium agent effect it is more notable.From table 2 it can be seen that Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal biodegradation root-like stock strain output increased
43.47~70.40%, turmeric cellulose content raising 43.89~182.46%, Demethoxycurcumin content raising 32.14~
67.59%, Bisdemethoxycurcumin content improves 52.11~88.73%, and volatile oil content improves 9.58~20.51%.Can
See, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungi not only improves the yield of turmeric root-like stock, and significantly improve the curcumin chemical compounds in turmeric and
Volatile oil content.Therefore, mycorrhizal fungi promotes the accumulation of turmeric medicinal material medicinal ingredient, improves turmeric quality of medicinal material.
Influence of the mycorrhizal fungi of table 2 to turmeric yield and quality
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, therefore can not according to this limit the scope of present invention implementation, i.e.,
The equivalence changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description and modification, all should still belong in the range of the present invention covers.
Claims (5)
1. it is a kind of improve turmeric quality of medicinal material cultural method, it is characterised in that：Seedling is sieved in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling and open country is colonized 2
Stage carries out Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi fungal inoculant, specifically includes following steps：
(1) mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum is prepared：Mycorrhizal fungi is inoculated in and plants host plant red clover in cultivation matrix
Seedling, after cultivating 2.5~3.5 months, the above-ground plant parts of red clover is cut off, after cultivation matrix is air-dried, by plant
Root system is cut into the segment of 0.8~1.2cm, and root system and cultivation matrix are uniformly mixed, as mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, including bacterium
Mycorrhiza fungi spore, cystocarp, the mixture of mycelium or mycorhiza root segment and cultivation matrix, above-mentioned cultivation matrix are peat soil: leech
Stone=3~4: 1 or peat soil: perlite=3~4: 1；
(2) turmeric tissue-cultured seedling is obtained；
(3) sieve seedling is carried out to above-mentioned turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, turmeric seedling is obtained；
(4) open country field planting is carried out to turmeric seedling；
Above-mentioned turmeric is turmeric Curcuma longa L, Curcuma angustifolia Boxb Curcuma angustifolia Roxb., Curcuma albicoma
Curcuma albicoma, curcuma zedoary Curcuma aeruginosa, Guangxi zedoary C.kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et
C.F.Liang, root tuber of aromatic turmeric Curcuma aromatica Salisb, RADIX CURCUMAE from Sichuan of China Curcuma sichuanensis；Above-mentioned mycorhiza is true
Bacterium is Glomus versiforme Glomus versiforme and/or Glomus mosseae Glomus mosseae.
2. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (2) is：With turmeric root-like stock as explant
Body, carries out axillary bud deriving, adventitious bud proliferation and strengthening seedling and rooting, obtains turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, wherein, the culture medium used by axillary bud deriving
It is MS+6-BA 2.5mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L, the culture medium used by adventitious bud proliferation is MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA
0.5mg/L+TDZ 0.05mg/L, the culture medium used by strengthening seedling and rooting is 1/2MS+6-BA 0.1mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L.
3. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3) is：The turmeric that step (2) is obtained
Tissue-cultured seedling is planted after hardening and entered in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm
Row sieve seedling, 1 plant is planted per hole and the cultivation matrix is housed；First load the cultivation of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole
Training matrix, is put into turmeric tissue-cultured seedling, adds the microbial inoculum matrix of remaining void volume, it is ensured that cover on the root system surface of turmeric tissue-cultured seedling
Lid microbial inoculum matrix, carries out sieve seedling and grows 1~2 month, obtains the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm, above-mentioned microbial inoculum matrix
It is made up of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum, wherein the weight of above-mentioned cultivation matrix and the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum
Than being 15~20: 1.
4. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3) is：The turmeric that step (2) is obtained
Tissue-cultured seedling is planted after hardening and entered in aperture sizes are for the 128 hole disks of upper bore 3cm × 3.8cm high × lower relative aperture 1.5cm
Row sieve seedling, 1 plant is planted per hole and the cultivation matrix is housed；First load the cultivation of 55~65% void volumes during plantation in hole
Training matrix, is then uniformly sprinkled into 10~15g of the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum on cultivation matrix surface, is then placed in turmeric tissue-cultured seedling,
Ensure that root system is fully contacted mycorhiza agent, finally add the cultivation matrix of remaining void volume, carry out sieve seedling and grow 1~2 month,
Obtain the turmeric seedling that plant height is 15~20cm.
5. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (4) is：Seeding row spacing is planted according to turmeric,
Dig and plant plant hole, plant plant hole 14~16cm of diameter, 9~12cm of depth；First 2~3cm thickness is put into during plantation in the bottom of kind of plant hole
Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance, during the turmeric seedling and the cultivation matrix for taking step (3) acquisition move into kind of plant hole together, with kind of a plant hole
In microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance fix turmeric seedling root, finally backfill table soil；Microbial inoculum composite interstitial substance is the mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum
With composite interstitial substance composition, the wherein weight ratio of mycorrhizal fungi microbial inoculum and composite interstitial substance is 1: 15~20, composite interstitial substance by turf and
Vermiculite is constituted, and wherein the weight ratio of turf and vermiculite is 1~2: 1.
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| JPH04112724A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1992-04-14 | Yukio Takai | Formation of fungal colony in field of fungus of mycorrhiza |
| CN103052311A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-04-17 | Fb科技控股公司 | Microorganism compositions and methods |
| CN104540379A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2015-04-22 | 新能源农场有限公司 | Plant propagation |
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