CN106717930A

CN106717930A - One high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut

Info

Publication number: CN106717930A
Application number: CN201611170998.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵廷超
Original assignee: Chongqing Luoyou Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Luoyou Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-16
Filing date: 2016-12-16
Publication date: 2017-05-31

Abstract

One high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut, comprises the following steps：1) soaked field soda：Sowing first 1 week or so, soaked field soda 2 to 3 times, steeped 2 days after pouring water every time, upper new water of fill again that then water being drained, by the soaked field soda of 2 to 3 times, the salinity in rice seedling bed drops to the state of suitable seedling growth, after soaked field is terminated, it is necessary to which seedling bed is arranged smooth, the seedling bed put in order, bed surface width is 1.5 meters, and length is 15 meters or so；2) desulfurated plaster is added；3) farm manure is applied；4) plough；5) ridge is built；6) sow；7) topdress；The routine field management such as weeding deinsectization, until peanut is ripe.

Description

One high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method, a high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut is referred specifically to.

Background technology

China is one has the big country of 1,300,000,000 populations, and land resource is less than world average level per capita.Land resource is non- Normal wretched insufficiency, land quality is poor in addition, and the development of China's agricultural is govern always.China salt-soda soil is large in number and widely distributed, and area reaches It is 99,130,000 hectares, is distributed mainly on northwest, North China, West of The Northeast China and coastal region, type is various, it is estimated that, China still has 80% or so salt-soda soil is not yet developed, and has huge agricultural production potential.Transformation is administered and reasonable development profit These resources are used, is one of important channel of Agricultural Sustainable Development in China, also to improving the ecological environment, thrust zone economy, Society and Ecological Sustainable Development have special significance.

Peanut is important oil crops and industrial crops, and peanut oil is one of main source of vegetable oil, and peanut is in Critical role is occupied in state's agricultural development and foreign exchange earning.According to this toward statistics and research, China's peanut area is on 80,000,000 mu of left sides The right side, wherein 80% is distributed on poor rainfed land, almost without peanut cultivation on salt-soda soil.Its main cause, one is due to peanut itself Salt resistance ability is relatively low, salt tolerant crop is not belonging to, more without the kind with stronger salt tolerance；Two is saline-alkali soil area many to plant salt tolerant Based on alkali crop cotton, two is that saline and alkaline tibet milkwort root is sporadicly planted, and its cultivated area is smaller, and planting technology is immature, and salt damage is caused The disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling protrude, yield is very low, inferior quality.Therefore, cause that salt-soda soil peanut production area is small, technology is low, produce Amount is unstable, and economic benefit, Social Ecology and ecological benefits are relatively low.

However, the better economic benefit of peanut production and the light letter of management, if improve planting technology of the peanut in salt-soda soil, Its yield is improved, for improving pattern of farming, increasing farmers' income and ensureing that edible oil and fat are respectively provided with safely important meaning.

The content of the invention

The present invention provides a high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut, and comprises the following steps：

1) soaked field soda：Sowing first 1 week or so, soaked field soda 2 to 3 times steeps 2 days, then water after pouring water every time Draining new water of fill again, by the soaked field soda of 2 to 3 times, the salinity in rice seedling bed drops to the state of suitable seedling growth, and soaked field is terminated Afterwards, it is necessary to which seedling bed is arranged smooth, the seedling bed put in order, bed surface width is 1.5 meters, and length is 15 meters or so；

2) desulfurated plaster is added：Desulfurated plaster is uniformly sprinkled into field face, per hectare applies 15000~30000kg to saline and alkaline Thrown in ground and apply improver special, wherein, pteridophyte 150-210kg/ mus of fermentation, ardealite 200-280kg/ mus, ammonium chloride 50-70kg/ mus, and using rotary cultivator by the farmland rotary tillage being exposed to the sun, the modifying agent and soil for making administration are sufficiently mixed, and watering makes Soil soaks enough, soil fermented, reacted 7-10 days；

3) farm manure is applied：10000 are pressed in farm manure:1~2 weight portion uniformly mixes 25% fentin acetate wettable powder Agent, per hectare applies 1.62~1.9kg；It is uniformly sprinkled into field；

4) plough：Rotary tillage soil-working is carried out with rotary cultivator, rotary tillage depth 20cm makes desulfurated plaster, farm manure and soil abundant Mixing；

5) ridge is built：Machinery builds ridge；Ridge 30~45cm high, 50~65cm of row spacing, ridge platform 20~30cm wide；

6) sow：Punched with groundnut planter live, 20 kilograms of good quality and high output peanut seed of mu；Two rows are broadcast on ridge, 20 centimetres of small line width, two are sowed per nest, and depth of planting is at 2 centimetres；

7) topdress：After planting monthly regular nitrogen fertilizer application 4-5kg/ mus, 10-15kg/ of composite fertilizer mus；Until peanut growth is sent out The phase is educated, foliage-spray is carried out with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.4%, even spray 3 times, every spray in 7 days once；

8) routine such as weeding deinsectization field management, until peanut is ripe.

Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The method of salt-soda soil plantation peanut is simple to operate, to applying Industry Waste in soil The organic fertilizers such as slag ardealite, the pteridophyte of fermentation, apply kind of a low cost, and it can not only improve alkaline land soil proterties, reduce soil Earth pH value, reduces soil total salt content, and, can make in soil rich in the nutrient needed for various crop growths, especially very It is adapted to the growth of peanut, improves the yield and quality of peanut.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below.

In Dongying salt-soda soil, salt content is about on 0.31% plot, plants peanut, and kind educates 21 for flower.Divide cell kind Plant, per the ridge of cell one, broad irrigation is first used before plantation, then play low ridge plantation, 0.8 meter of row spacing, ridge is long 3.3 meters, per the row of ridge two, 15 centimetres of hill spacing, per two, cave, after planting covers 0.015mm mulch films.After overlay film soil high, wide 20 centimetres, 15- high are covered in ridge surrounding 20 centimetres.3 cells are planted altogether as three repetitions.Compare as flower educates a 21 normally high ridge plantation, it is first unrestrained with flood before plantation Fill, ridge surrounding does not cover soil high after kind, ridge is long 3.3 meters, per the row of ridge kind two, 15 centimetres of hill spacing, per two, cave, is after planting covered 0.007mm common ground films, three ridge culture of plantation are three repetitions.Harvest time species test data are as follows：Alley film-covering planting pattern peanut Average a height of 45.8 centimetres of stem, side shoot is long 50.4 centimetres, average branch number 11, Fruit branch 9.8, and average product is about 301.67 kilograms；A height of 35.5 centimetres of the average stem of peanut of control, side shoot is long 40.0 centimetres, average branch number 9.1, fruitful branch Number 7.33, average product is about 233.66 kilograms.Result shows low ridge overlay film, and the cropping pattern that ridge surrounding covers soil high is substantially excellent In the normal cropping pattern of peanut.

Embodiment 2

In Dongying salt-soda soil, salt content is about on 0.29% plot, plants peanut, and kind educates 24 for flower.Divide cell kind Plant, per the ridge of cell one, broad irrigation is first used before plantation, then play low ridge plantation, 0.8 meter of row spacing, ridge is long 3.3 meters, per the row of ridge two, 15 centimetres of hill spacing, per two, cave, after planting covers 0.015mm mulch films.After overlay film soil high, wide 20 centimetres, 15- high are covered in ridge surrounding 20 centimetres.3 cells are planted altogether as three repetitions.Compare as flower educates a 24 normally high ridge plantation, it is first unrestrained with flood before plantation Fill, ridge surrounding does not cover soil high after kind, ridge is long 3.3 meters, per the row of ridge kind two, 15 centimetres of hill spacing, per two, cave, is after planting covered 0.007mm common ground films, three ridge culture of plantation are three repetitions.Harvest time species test data are as follows：Alley film-covering planting pattern peanut Average a height of 54.0 centimetres of stem, side shoot is long 62.3 centimetres, average branch number 7, Fruit branch 6.17, and average product is about 238.13 kilograms；A height of 40.7 centimetres of the average stem of peanut of control, side shoot is long 47.7 centimetres, average branch number 9.8, fruitful branch Number 7.0, average product is about 188.96 kilograms.Result shows low ridge overlay film, and the cropping pattern that ridge surrounding covers soil high is substantially excellent In the normal cropping pattern of peanut.

Claims

1. a high yield cultivating method cultivated peanut, comprises the following steps：

1) soaked field soda：Sowing first 1 week or so, soaked field soda 2 to 3 times is steeped 2 days after pouring water every time, and then water is drained New water is filled again, and by the soaked field soda of 2 to 3 times, the salinity in rice seedling bed drops to the state of suitable seedling growth, after soaked field is terminated, Seedling bed must be arranged smooth, the seedling bed put in order, bed surface width is 1.5 meters, and length is 15 meters or so；

2) desulfurated plaster is added：Desulfurated plaster is uniformly sprinkled into field face, per hectare applies 15000~30000kg in salt-soda soil Improver special is applied in throwing, wherein, pteridophyte 150-210kg/ mus of fermentation, ardealite 200-280kg/ mus, ammonium chloride 50- 70kg/ mus, and using rotary cultivator by the farmland rotary tillage being exposed to the sun, the modifying agent and soil for making administration are sufficiently mixed, and watering makes soil Earth soaks enough, soil fermented, reacted 7-10 days；

3) farm manure is applied：10000 are pressed in farm manure:1~2 weight portion uniformly mixes 25% fentin acetate wettable powder, Per hectare applies 1.62~1.9kg；It is uniformly sprinkled into field；

4) plough：Rotary tillage soil-working is carried out with rotary cultivator, rotary tillage depth 20cm is sufficiently mixed desulfurated plaster, farm manure and soil；

6) sow：Punched with groundnut planter live, 20 kilograms of good quality and high output peanut seed of mu；Two rows, small row are broadcast on ridge It is wide 20 centimetres, two are sowed per nest, depth of planting is at 2 centimetres；

7) topdress：After planting monthly regular nitrogen fertilizer application 4-5kg/ mus, 10-15kg/ of composite fertilizer mus；Until the Development of Peanut phase, Foliage-spray is carried out with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.3-0.4%, even spray 3 times, every spray in 7 days once；

8)) the routine such as weeding deinsectization field management, until peanut is ripe.