CN106716652B - 光电子组件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种光电子组件(405),所述光电子组件包括:载体(101);设置在载体(101)的表面上的光源,所述光源具有至少一个发光面,所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管(201,203)形成,其中在发光面上设置有透明的无转换器的间隔保持件(301),使得在间隔保持件的背离发光面的间隔保持件表面和发光面之间形成间距,并且其中光源借助于囊封料(401)来囊封,使得间隔保持件表面以与囊封料表面(403)齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于间隔保持件表面和囊封料表面(403)形成的面是平面,其中所述囊封料表面背离载体的表面。本发明还涉及一种另外的光电子组件以及一种用于制造光电子组件的相应的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光电子组件以及一种用于制造光电子组件的方法。
本申请要求德国专利申请DE 10 2014 112 883.4的优先权,其公开内容通过参考并入本文。
背景技术
除了LED(发光二极管,light-emitting diode)的主要的光电子特性之外,出于设计方面的原因,存在制造壳体/封装件的需求,所述壳体/封装件纯视觉地建立一定的色彩和几何印象。尤其在用于移动电话的LED闪光模块中通常期望:强调能够显示出多种色彩(多LED)。
尤其存在如下需求:组件在关断状态(关闭状态)下建立下述印象:发光面具有特定形状、几何尺寸和颜色。因此,这也代表整个移动电话的设计方面。
通常,由于LED芯片的或键合线的或封装壁(腔)的几何尺寸而受到限制,这引起特定的光学色彩印象。
发明内容
因此,本发明所基于的目的能够在于:提供光电子组件,所述光电子组件克服已知的缺点并且能够实现在产生特定的光学色彩印象方面的灵活性。
此外,本发明所基于的目的能够在于:提供用于制造光电子组件的相应的方法。
所述目的借助于本发明的相应的主题来实现。本发明的有利的设计方案是下面描述的主题。
根据一个方面,提供一种光电子组件,所述光电子组件包括:载体;设置在载体的表面上的光源,所述光源具有至少一个发光面,所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管形成,其中在发光面上设置有透明的无转换器的间隔保持件,使得在间隔保持件的背离发光面的间隔保持件表面和发光面之间形成间距,并且其中光源借助于囊封料来囊封,使得间隔保持件表面以与囊封料表面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于间隔保持件表面和囊封料表面形成的面是平面,其中所述囊封料表面背离载体的表面。
齐平就本发明而言尤其表示:通过间隔保持件在紧邻区域中确定组件上侧或组件的高度。这尤其表示:间隔保持件预设、即限制或限定组件的高度。由于在制造方法中的限制(例如囊封或转移模塑),表面必要时仍然能够具有一定的拓扑。
根据另一方面,提供一种光电子组件,所述光电子组件包括:载体;设置在载体的表面上的光源,所述光源具有至少一个发光面,所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管形成,并且其中光源借助于囊封料来囊封,使得囊封料表面以与发光面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于发光面和囊封料表面形成的面是平面,其中囊封料表面背离载体的表面。
根据又一方面提供一种用于制造光电子组件的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:提供载体;将光源设置到载体的表面上,其中光源具有至少一个发光面,所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管形成;将透明的无转换器的间隔保持件设置到发光面上,使得在间隔保持件的背离发光面的间隔保持件表面和发光面之间形成间距;并且借助于囊封料来囊封光源,使得间隔保持件表面以与囊封料表面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于间隔保持件表面和囊封料表面形成平面的面,其中囊封料表面背离载体的表面。
根据另一方面提供一种用于制造光电子组件的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:提供载体;将光源设置到载体的表面上,其中光源具有至少一个发光面,所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管形成;并且借助于囊封料来囊封光源,使得囊封料表面以与发光面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于发光面和囊封料表面形成平面的面,其中囊封料表面背离载体的表面。
因此,本发明尤其包括如下构思:提供一种光电子组件,所述光电子组件具有平面的面,所述面一方面借助于间隔保持件表面和囊封料表面形成,并且另一方面借助于发光面和囊封料表面形成。由于该平面的表面,有利地形成安装面,所述安装面良好地且有效率地适合于安装一个或多个另外的元件。这种另外的元件例如能够是转换器层、色彩散射层、光学元件、例如透镜、或透镜固持件。由于平面的面,不再限制载体表面连同设置在其上的元件、例如发光二极管或另外的电子组件的结构和几何尺寸,这涉及如下可行性:确保组件的特别的光学色彩印象。尤其在安装上述元件时不再受到限制,这涉及载体表面的结构和几何尺寸。
此外,通过设置间隔保持件还附加地产生如下技术优点:由此在发光面和囊封料表面之间形成间距,使得为处于发光面周围的如下元件提供空间或位置:例如用于电接触发光二极管的键合线。因此,包括间隔保持件的实施方式尤其适合于如下发光二极管:所述发光二极管在其上侧上被电接触。没有间隔保持件的实施方式尤其适合于如下发光二极管:所述发光二极管从其下侧被电接触。下侧是发光二极管的背离发光面的一侧。
间隔保持件是无转换器的,即尤其间隔保持件不具有转换特性,即不包括转换功能。即这尤其表示:不对穿过间隔保持件放射的光进行转换。
透明就本发明而言尤其表示:间隔保持件对于借助于发光二极管发射的光是透明的,即对于与该光相对应的波长的透射度为至少85%。用于制造光电子组件的根据本发明的方法根据一个实施方式是用于制造根据本发明的光电子组件的相应的方法。
囊封根据一个实施方式包括塑封。
塑封就本发明而言表示转移模塑,尤其薄膜辅助的转移模塑。这就是说:转移模塑法、尤其薄膜辅助的转移模塑法作为塑封的基础。这与传统的囊封工艺不同,在所述传统的囊封工艺中,不能够形成均匀的且平坦的表面。在此期间,在转移模塑时、尤其在薄膜辅助的转移模塑时,电子组件(二极管、芯片、NTC传感器、另外的电子组件)和另外的部件能够完全嵌入。在此,有利地形成限定的且光滑的表面。如果例如借助于薄膜在芯片表面上密封,那么包覆材料(囊封料)也处于相同的高度水平上。
在一个实施方式中提出:间隔保持件构成为电绝缘器。因此,间隔保持件构成为是电绝缘的。由此,尤其引起如下技术优点:间隔保持件能够将发光面电绝缘。
在一个实施方式中提出:间隔保持件以突出于发光二极管的背离载体表面的上侧的电接触部的方式构成。即间隔保持件突出于二极管的上侧的电接触部。因此,间隔保持件相对于二极管的上侧具有比电接触部更高的高度。由此例如引起如下技术优点:由于齐平的囊封,完整地囊封电接触部。电接触部例如包括键合线。
根据一个实施方式提出:在面上以至少部分地遮盖发光面的方式设置有转换器层。由此尤其产生如下技术优点:能够引起将借助于发光二极管发射的光的光谱转换成与其不同的光谱。因此,二极管例如能够放射或发射蓝色光,所述蓝色光借助于转换器层转换成例如绿色的、红色的或黄色的光。特别地,转换器层完整地遮盖发光面。
根据另一实施方式提出:在面上以露出发光面的方式设置有转换器层。由此尤其产生如下技术优点:能够实现组件的特定的光学色彩印象,而无需转换借助于二极管发射的光。光学色彩印象因此尤其借助于转换器层的色彩来引起或唤起。
根据一个实施方式,设有多个转换器层,所述转换器层以至少部分遮盖发光面的方式设置在面上(即一些转换器层至少部分地覆盖发光面)和/或以露出发光面的方式设置在面上(即一些转换器层不覆盖发光面)。因此,由于露出发光面的转换器层,有利地引起转换和组件的特定的光学印象。
根据又一实施方式提出:转换器层借助于丝网印刷或借助于囊封来制造。由此尤其产生如下技术优点:能够实现借助于已知的方法简单地制造转换器层。
根据另一实施方式提出:色彩散射层设置在转换器层上,所述色彩散射层用于借助于光在色彩散射层的背离面的色彩散射层表面上的散射来产生色彩。由此,尤其产生如下技术优点:与转换器层的色彩无关地,能够实现对应于色彩散射层的色彩印象。特别地,色彩散射层是白色的色彩散射层,即唤起白色的色彩印象。色彩散射层的另外的色彩例如为:红色、绿色、黄色、橙色或蓝色。
关于方法的实施方式以类似的方式从关于组件的实施方式中得出并且反之亦然。相应地做出的实施方案、所提出的优点和技术特征对于方法而言从组件中得出并且反之亦然。
根据一个方面,提供一种光电子组件,所述光电子组件是之前提出的、一次涉及具有间隔保持件和一次涉及没有间隔保持件的光电子组件的组合。即这就是说,在该光电子组件中,在载体上设置有至少两个发光二极管,其中在一个发光二极管上在发光面上设置有间隔保持件,并且在另一发光二极管上未设置有间隔保持件。当发光二极管例如具有不同高度时,这尤其是有利的。因此,借助于间隔保持件有利地引起不同高度的均衡,使得尽管高度不同,由间隔保持件表面、囊封料表面和一个发光面形成的平坦的面是可能的。尤其能够以有利的方式实现:在载体上一方面设置从其上侧起电接触的发光二极管,并且设置另一发光二极管,所述另一发光二极管从其下侧起电接触。
根据一个实施方式提出:发光二极管构成为发光二极管芯片(LED芯片)。“LED”代表“light emitting diode”,即发光二极管。
根据一个实施方式,多个光源设置在载体上。多个光源尤其相同或优选不同地形成。
根据一个实施方式,设有多个发光二极管,所述发光二极管尤其相同或优选不同地形成。
在一个实施方式中提出,每个发光二极管设有自身的转换器层。这就是说:在二极管的背离载体表面的相应的上侧上分别设置有转换器层。即设有多个彼此分开构成的转换器层。由此,尤其得到如下技术优点:能够为每个二极管单独地且有效率地设定自身的光转换。
包括一个光源和/或一个发光二极管的实施方式的技术功能类似地适用于包括多个光源和/或多个发光二极管的实施方式。
根据一个实施方式,载体是引线框,德语也称作为端子框(Anschluss-Rahmen)。根据一个实施方式,囊封的组件是所谓的QFN封装件。在此,“QFN”代表“Quad Flat No Leads,四方扁平无引脚”。因此,载体尤其是QFN衬底。
因此,发光二极管尤其作为表面安装的组件形成。英语应用术语“SurfaceMounted Device(SMD)”。
囊封料尤其也能够称作为塑封料。囊封就此而言尤其能够称作为塑封。针对术语层尤其能够应用术语“层片”。
囊封料根据一个实施方式包括二氧化钛(TiO2)。
根据一个实施方式,色彩散射层包括二氧化钛。
根据一个实施方式,色彩散射层的层厚度在1μm至40μm之间。
根据一个实施方式,转换器层的层厚度在10μm至400μm之间。
根据一个实施方式,间隔保持件的层厚度在70μm至300μm之间。
根据一个实施方式,间隔保持件是玻璃层或玻璃小板。
根据一个实施方式,间隔保持件粘贴到发光面上。这就是说,根据一个实施方式,间隔保持件粘贴在发光面上。
根据一个实施方式,发光二极管具有上侧和与上侧相对置的下侧。下侧例如设置在载体的表面上。载体的表面通常也能够称作为安装面。发光面位于上侧上。在表面上尤其设有用于电接触二极管的焊料垫。
附图说明
本发明的上面描述的特性、特征和优点以及如何实现所述特性、特征和优点的方式和方法结合下面对实施例的描述在理解上变得更加清晰和更加显而易见,所述实施例结合附图详细阐明。其中
图1-3分别示出用于制造光电子组件的方法中的不同的时间点,
图4-7分别示出光电子组件,
图8示出根据图5的光电子组件的俯视图,
图9和10分别示出用于制造光电子组件的方法中的一个时间点,
图11-14分别示出光电子组件,
图15示出根据图12的光电子组件的俯视图,
图16-18分别示出用于制造光电子组件的方法中的一个时间点,
图19-22分别示出光电子组件,
图23示出根据图20的光电子组件的俯视图,
图24示出用于制造光电子组件的方法的流程图,和
图25示出用于制造光电子组件的另一方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面,能够为相同的特征使用相同的附图标记。
图1至7、9至14和16至22示出侧视剖面图。
图1示出载体101,所述载体例如构成为QFN衬底。载体101具有表面103,所述表面用作为安装面。安装面下面同样用附图标记103表示。在安装面103上设置有两个保护二极管105。所述保护二极管105用作为对发光二极管进行保护防止静电放电,所述发光二极管设置到安装面103上(参见下面的附图)。
现在,图2示出载体101,所述载体包括两个设置在安装面103上的发光二极管201和203。两个发光二极管201和203分别具有发光面205,在发光二极管201、203运行时由所述发光面放射光。发射的光的放射方向借助具有附图标记215的箭头象征性地表示。为了概览,象征性示出的放射方向并非在每个附图中都绘出。
发光二极管201、203分别具有上侧207和与上侧207相对置的下侧209。下侧209设置在安装面103上。发光面205位于各发光二极管201、203的上侧207上。
为了电接触两个发光二极管201、203,分别设有键合线211,所述键合线引起安装面103和上侧207之间的电连接。要注意的是:借助于键合线211的电接触仅应是示意示出的电接触。对于本领域技术人员已知:如何借助于键合线211将发光二极管与载体101电接触。
两个发光二极管201、203形成光源213。
在一个未示出的实施例中,能够设有多于两个或少于两个的发光二极管201、203。
在图3中,在各二极管201、203的发光面205上设置有、例如粘贴有间隔保持件301。间隔保持件301是透明的并且是无转换器的。这就是说,间隔保持件301不具有转换功能或特性。
间隔保持件301具有间隔保持件表面303,所述间隔保持件表面背离发光面205。在此,间隔保持件301不覆盖二极管201、203的整个上侧207。更确切地说,为电接触、在此为键合线211保持位置或空间是空出的。由于间隔保持件301,在发光面205和间隔保持件表面303之间形成间距。在此,间隔保持件301的高度为,使得间隔保持件表面303突出于键合线211。这就是说,间隔保持件表面303相对于安装面103高于键合线211的最高点设置。
图4现在示出在囊封之后、尤其在为囊封工具的表面应用抗粘膜的囊封之后的根据图3的装置。囊封料用附图标记401表示。背离载体101的安装面103的囊封料表面用附图标记403表示。囊封实施为,使得间隔保持件表面303与囊封料表面403齐平地伸展,以至于借助于囊封料表面403和借助于间隔保持件表面303形成的面是平面。如图4示出,全部设置在安装面103上的电子组件借助于囊封料401来囊封。这引起对电子组件的良好的机械保护。
在图4中示出的装置用附图标记405表示并且为根据本发明的一个方面的电子组件。
图5示出根据图4的组件405,其中现在在面上设置有两个转换器层501、503。在此,转换器层501以覆盖二极管201的发光面205的方式设置在该面上。转换器层503以覆盖二极管203的发光面205的方式设置在该面上。两个转换器层501、503不同地形成,使得所述转换器层将借助于发光二极管201、203发射的光转换成不同的发射光谱。由于平面的面,不存在关于转换器层501、503的形状和精确结构和几何尺寸的限制,所述转换器层的形状和精确结构和几何尺寸否则由于载体101的表面结构以取决于设置在载体101上的各个电子组件的方式得出。因此,例如键合线211不再干扰转换器层501、503的安装。
图6示出光电子组件45的另一实施方式。在图6中示出的实施方式中,将包括例如二氧化钛的白色的色彩散射层601设置或施加到转换器层501、503上以及部分地设置或施加到平面的面上。例如,色彩散射层601能够被喷涂。通过白色的色彩散射层601,引起组件405的白色的光学总印象。特别地,安装面103和转换器层501、503上的各个器件借助于色彩散射层601至少部分地隐藏。
图7示出具有透镜固持件701的根据图6的装置、即组件405,所述透镜固持件包括未示出的透镜。在此,透镜固持件701具有包括两个相对置的支腿703的U形形状。透镜固持件701的尺寸设计为,使得载体101借助其侧壁贴靠支腿703的相对置的内侧。这是理想情况。由于公差,透镜固持件通常尤其略微大于载体。借助于在此未示出的透镜,能够有利地实现所发射的光的光学成像。
图8示出根据图5的组件405的俯视图。
附图标记801示出如下箭头,所述箭头象征性地表示:由于平面的面,转换器层501、503的大小、几何尺寸和形状可任意缩放。仅组件405的大小限制转换器层501、503的大小。
附图标记803表示下述区域:在所述区域中,键合线211接触上侧207。所述区域803不具有间隔保持件301,因此不被所述间隔保持件覆盖。
图9和10分别示出用于制造光电子组件的方法中的一个时间点。在此应用的发光二极管201、203设计为,使得经由其下侧209引起电接触。即这就是说:不再需要键合线211,所述键合线形成上侧207与安装面103的电连接。从中尤其得到如下技术优点:能够弃用间隔保持件301。在此,这于是使得在囊封时,囊封料表面403与发光面205齐平地形成。这在图11中示出。即平面的面在此借助于发光面205和借助于囊封料表面403形成。因此,在图11中示出的装置形成根据本发明的另一方面的光电子组件1101。
图12至14分别示出根据图11的光电子组件1101的一个改进形式。在此,在图12中类似于图5,转换器层501、503设置在平面的面上。在图13中类似于图6,白色的色彩散射层601设置、例如喷涂在转换器层501、503上并且部分地设置、例如喷涂到平面的面上。在图14中类似于图7,设有透镜固持件701。
图15示出根据图12的组件1101的类似于图8的俯视图。
图16至23各自对应于图1至8示出类似的示图。在图16至23中示出的装置中,发光二极管201、203的电接触同样从其下侧209引起。这因此类似于图9至15并且相反于图1至8。尽管如此,在此相反于图9至15,设有间隔保持件301,所述间隔保持件现在设置到整个上侧207上。因为在此键合线211不再进行干扰并且也不占据用于间隔保持件301的安装位置。于是,类似地囊封位于安装面103上的各个元件,使得形成平面的面,能够将转换器层和色彩散射层施加在所述面上。
图24示出用于制造光电子组件的方法的流程图。该方法包括如下步骤:
提供(2401)载体;将光源设置(2403)到载体的表面上,其中光源具有由至少一个发光二极管形成的至少一个发光面;将透明的无转换器的间隔保持件设置(2405)到发光面上,使得在发光面和间隔保持件的背离发光面的间隔保持件表面之间形成间距;并且借助于囊封料来囊封(2407)光源,使得间隔保持件表面以与背离载体表面的囊封料表面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于间隔保持件表面和囊封料表面形成平面的面。
图25示出用于制造光电子组件的另一方法的流程图。该方法包括如下步骤:
提供(2501)载体;将光源设置(2503)到载体的表面上,其中光源具有由至少一个发光二极管形成的至少一个发光面;并且借助于囊封料来囊封(2505)光源,使得背离载体表面的囊封料表面以与发光面齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于发光面和囊封料表面形成平面的面。
因此,本发明尤其包括如下构思:封装件、即光电子组件405与其囊封的元件在上侧上是平面的,即形成平面的面。
在一个实例中,分别将透明层片(结构元件)设置到LED上。所述透明层片用作为用于塑封工艺的间隔保持件301。由此,能够光学隐藏全部部件、即例如焊线、SMD部件。替选地,尤其提出:在应用倒装芯片的情况下,弃用该层并且直接地塑封芯片。
在一个实施方式中,例如借助于层丝网印刷或层塑封来制造层片、例如转换层的期望的大小、几何尺寸(不一般的设计优选是可行的,例如图标、圆、星等)。
层片安装在封装件的(囊封的)上侧上,例如通过粘贴来安装。
在通常情况下,该层片用于光转换并且安装在芯片的发光面之上。当然,附加地根据一个实施方式提出:层片几何尺寸位于发射面之外。这尤其用于视觉印象。一个极端的实例例如是:借助转换薄膜/彩色层片遮掩组件的大部分。
可选地例如提出:经由层片(转换层)在其之上还借助于喷射或喷涂覆层来涂覆TiO2。
本发明的一个显著的优点尤其在于层片的灵活性和可缩放性,其中层片的几何尺寸是可自由选择的并且不通过芯片的或焊线的或封装壁(腔)的几何尺寸而受到限制。
尽管通过优选的实施例详细说明和描述本发明的细节,本发明不通过所公开的实例来限制并且能够由本领域技术人员从中推导出其他的变型形式,而不会偏离本发明的保护范围。
附图标记列表
101 载体
103 安装面
105 保护二极管
201、203 发光二极管
205 发光面
207 上侧
209 下侧
211 键合线
213 光源
301 间隔保持件
303 间隔保持件表面
401 囊封料
403 囊封料表面
405 组件
501、503 转换器层
601 色彩散射层
701 透镜固持件
703 支腿
705 支腿的内侧
1101 组件
Claims (8)
1.一种光电子组件(405,1101),所述光电子组件包括:
-载体(101),
-设置在所述载体(101)的表面上的光源(213);
-所述光源具有至少一个发光面(205),所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管(201,203)形成,其中
-在所述发光面(205)上设置有透明的无转换器的间隔保持件(301),使得
-在所述间隔保持件(301)的背离所述发光面(205)的间隔保持件表面(303)和所述发光面(205)之间形成间距,并且其中
-所述光源(213)借助于囊封料(401)来囊封,使得所述间隔保持件表面(303)以与囊封料表面(403)齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于所述间隔保持件表面(303)和所述囊封料表面(403)形成平面,其中所述囊封料表面背离所述载体(101)的表面,其中所述发光二极管(201,203)在背离所述载体(101)的表面的上侧(207)上被电接触,并且其中所述间隔保持件(301)突出于电接触部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中在所述平面上以至少部分地遮盖所述发光面(205)的方式设置有转换器层(501,503)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中在所述平面上以露出所述发光面(205)的方式设置有转换器层(501,503)。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中所述转换器层(501,503)借助于丝网印刷或借助于囊封来制造。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中色彩散射层(601)设置在所述转换器层(501,503)上,所述色彩散射层用于借助于光在所述色彩散射层(601)的背离所述平面的色彩散射层表面上的散射来产生色彩。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中所述间隔保持件(301)构成为是电绝缘的。
7.根据权利要求2或3所述的光电子组件(405,1101),其中所述间隔保持件(301)是玻璃层或玻璃小板。
8.一种用于制造光电子组件(405,1101)的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
-提供(2401)载体(101);
-将光源(213)设置(2403)到所述载体(101)的表面上,其中所述光源(213)具有至少一个发光面(205),所述发光面由至少一个发光二极管(201,203)形成,
-将透明的无转换器的间隔保持件(301)设置(2405)到所述发光面(205)上,使得在所述间隔保持件(301)的背离所述发光面(205)的间隔保持件表面(303)和所述发光面(205)之间形成间距,并且
-借助于囊封料(401)来囊封(2407)所述光源(213),使得所述间隔保持件表面(303)以与囊封料表面(403)齐平伸展的方式形成,并且借助于所述间隔保持件表面(303)和所述囊封料表面(403)形成平面,其中所述囊封料表面背离所述载体(101)的表面,其中所述发光二极管(201,203)在背离所述载体(101)的表面的上侧(207)上被电接触,并且其中所述间隔保持件(301)突出于电接触部。
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