CN106714985A - 快速均匀涂覆方法 - Google Patents
快速均匀涂覆方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106714985A CN106714985A CN201580052602.4A CN201580052602A CN106714985A CN 106714985 A CN106714985 A CN 106714985A CN 201580052602 A CN201580052602 A CN 201580052602A CN 106714985 A CN106714985 A CN 106714985A
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- base material
- coating
- coated media
- liquid
- liquid coated
- Prior art date
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminium silicon magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007210 heterogeneous catalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052773 Promethium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;platinum Chemical compound [Pt].O[N+]([O-])=O UYXRCZUOJAYSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZTGQMIOPBMQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum sulfurous acid Chemical compound S(O)(O)=O.[Pt] KZTGQMIOPBMQCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N promethium atom Chemical compound [Pm] VQMWBBYLQSCNPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/008—Feed or outlet control devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/02—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices for feeding measured, i.e. prescribed quantities of reagents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C7/00—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work
- B05C7/04—Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to the inside of hollow work the liquid or other fluent material flowing or being moved through the work; the work being filled with liquid or other fluent material and emptied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2825—Ceramics
- F01N3/2828—Ceramic multi-channel monoliths, e.g. honeycombs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00067—Liquid level measurement
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备废气催化剂的方法。具体地讲,该方法描述了一种涂覆基材的方式,所述方式最终导致涂覆时间的减少。
Description
说明书
本发明涉及一种制备废气催化剂的方法。具体地讲,该方法描述了一种涂覆基材的方式,所述方式最终导致涂覆时间的减少。
在内燃机领域中众所周知,燃料燃烧是不完全的,并会产生污染物排放,如未燃烧的碳氢化合物(HC)、一氧化碳(CO)、氮氧化物(NOx)和颗粒物(PM)。为改善空气质量,制定了排放限制法规,以减少来自固定应用和移动源的污染物排放。就客车这样的移动源来说,已经采取的主要措施能够实现污染物排放的减少。例如,改进燃料-空气混合的主要措施已大幅减少了污染物排放。然而,由于这些年以来推行更为严格的法规,使用非均相催化剂作为辅助措施在所难免。
生产这些非均相催化剂的一个重要方面是,考虑到例如涂覆长度、施涂的涂料量、涂层均匀度、涂覆长度一致性和沿纵轴的涂层梯度,精确地涂覆所使用的基材。为实现该目的,截至目前已采用了若干种涂覆策略,试图有利地在尽可能短的时间内提供良好涂覆的整块主体。
涂覆基材的一种可能是使其一侧上的开口与涂覆介质接触,然后向基材的相对侧施加真空,由此牵引液体涂覆介质穿过基材的开口(例如,通道)。如果只打算在所述通道的部分长度上涂覆,则由于通道与通道之间不可避免地产生单独的流动剖面,所以会出现不同通道的涂覆长度不同的不利现象。
如果涂覆介质被克服重力的压力压入通道,则在完全或均匀涂覆通道的情况下,随后需要检查(通常借助传感器)液体何时在顶部出现。然而,在这种情况下,也可能导致在整料的通道内的不均匀的涂层。如果建立了例如快速涂覆,则载体涂料(washcoat)有可能以相当层流的方式穿透通道,并且载体涂料速度在基材中心处比在基材周边中更大。在这种情况下,在基材中间的载体涂料将在顶部出现并且首先被检测到,这导致部分地被涂覆的基材。由于速度快,还可能使载体涂料从基材顶部溅落,传感器可能检测到这种溅落并发出信号,这也有可能导致仅部分被涂覆的基材。
在DE102010007499A1中,公开了优选的涂覆设备和方法,其中,圆柱形基材涂覆有液体涂覆介质,所述圆柱形基材各自具有两个端面、一个圆周表面和轴向长度L,其还由多个通道自第一端面横穿至第二端面。所考虑的设备具有填充了液体的气缸并具有活塞,其中所述填充了液体的气缸与罐连通,在所述罐内部以这样的方式布置位移主体:即,在活塞移动时,所述位移主体在液体作用下成比例地移动。所述罐与基材的涂覆装置连通,因此所述位移主体作用于液体涂覆介质,从而引起所述涂覆装置中液体涂覆介质的液位成比例地改变(参见该申请的图1)。两个传感器布置在所述涂覆装置中的同一高度上,以便检查涂覆室中浆料表面的位置是否已达到某个液位。
为了加速涂覆过程,一个关键因素是涂覆液体可被送入基材的速度。该速度被定义为载体涂料浆料或液体介质前端沿其纵轴穿透基材的速度。
在EP1180398A2中,公开了涂覆基材整料的方法,其中在实例1中提到3000L/h的涂覆速度。除了在该方法中使用克服重力的经典涂覆方法(其中涂覆速度在整料的涂覆长度上不改变,而是当吹制浆料在顶面附近上升时停止)的这一事实外,所提到的涂覆速度对于具有118.4mm的直径和约90%的空表面(没有壁朝向涂覆液体)的普通整料产品而言,换算为0.08m/s的涂覆速度。
已经发现,在均匀涂覆用于生产废气净化催化剂(尤其是机动车辆使用的废气净化催化剂)的基材的方法中,所述基材为圆柱形基材,并且每个具有两个端面、一个圆周表面和轴向长度L,并且由携带克服重力的液体涂覆介质的多个通道从第一端面横穿至第二端面,其中对将液体涂覆介质从下方引入到基材中以这样的方式进行控制,使得从部分轴向长度朝向基材端部的涂覆速度与将液体涂覆介质初始引入基材中的速度相比减小,从而可实现涂覆时间的大幅缩短,同时与恒定速度的常规涂覆相比实现更好的涂覆性能。例如,已经发现,可以在相当大的程度上降低有关沿着基材纵轴的涂层中梯度的均匀性。
涂覆速度的降低可由技术人员实现。例如,沿着基材纵轴的某一部分从下方开始以高速度涂覆基材的通道,然后根据选自以下的减速曲线类型减小新的载体涂料/液体涂覆介质的引入速度:线性、双曲线、抛物线、指数和对数曲线。在优选的涂覆方法中,在基材的一半已经用液体涂覆介质润湿之后才开始降低涂覆速度。更优选地,在开始根据上述限定的形状降低速度之前,仍以高速涂覆基材的纵向轴向长度的至少75%、最优选至少80%、首选至少90%。
涂覆速度的降低由将液体涂覆介质首先引入基材中的速度和在液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部(即,涂覆介质的引入停止)之前不久的有效速度限定。在优选的实施方案中,如果95%、优选97%、最优选98%的基材已经被液体涂覆介质涂覆,则到达在液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部之前不久的点。
在本发明方法的另一个有利方面,将液体涂覆介质初始引入到基材中时的涂覆速度是液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部之前不久(例如在基材的涂覆长度的95%处)时的涂覆速度的至少两倍、更优选至少三倍、更优选至少四倍大小。
在本发明方法的另一个有利方面,将液体涂覆介质初始引入到基材中时的涂覆速度是液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部之前不久(例如在基材的涂覆长度的97%处)时的涂覆速度的至少两倍、更优选至少三倍、更优选至少四倍大小。
在本发明方法的又一个有利方面,将液体涂覆介质初始引入到基材中时的涂覆速度是液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部之前不久(例如在基材的涂覆长度的98%处)时的涂覆速度的至少两倍、更优选至少三倍、更优选至少四倍大小。
在开始引入液体涂覆介质时的高涂覆速度的绝对值取决于待涂覆基材的类型,但高于或等于0.1m/s,更好地为0.2m/s,甚至更优选地为0.3m/s。上限仅由所使用的设备和基材给出,但可能不会超过0.5m/s,优选地为0.4m/s。
在另一个优选的方面,本发明的方法被设计成使得恰好在将涂覆室或装置中的载体涂料或液体涂覆介质引入基材之前检查所述载体涂料或液体涂覆介质的涂覆高度。这给出了根据本发明可从该点开始完成对基材的涂覆的精确起始点。就相当准确地到达必须开始对涂覆减速的点而言,该精确的起始点非常重要。涂覆高度可通过技术人员已知的手段来检查。通常,使用选自由电传感器、视觉传感器、电容传感器、IR传感器和振动传感器构成的组中的某些传感器来监测液体涂覆介质的高度。在本方法的更优选方式中,在液体涂覆介质进入基材之前,通过电导率传感器检查涂覆装置中的涂覆高度(在这方面,参见DE102010007499A1的图1)。在本发明的非常优选的实施例中,涂覆装置中的涂覆高度由EP14171938.5中提及的传感器系统监测。一旦传感器检测到液体涂覆介质,就将信号提供给中央处理单元以限定快速涂覆的起始点。
如已经指出的,根据本发明的液体涂覆介质的引入在涂覆浆料或液体涂覆介质出现在基材顶部时结束。这可通过技术人员已知的某些类型的传感器再次检验。特别地,在这方面可以优选地选择光学或超声类型的传感器(http://www.baumer.com或http://www.sick.com)。它们优选放置在基材上方,这有助于监测在基材顶部的液体涂覆介质的出现。一旦液体涂覆介质到达基材的顶部,就将信号提供给中央处理单元。
优选地可以执行本发明的装置还可以包括中央处理单元,该中央处理单元基于由相应的传感器发送的信号而自动地转向本发明的涂覆方法(也参见EP14171938.5的图1和其中公开的内容)。在非常优选的模式中,本发明被设计成使得刚才所说明的系统自学以根据上述参考边界条件优化涂覆方法。可以认为,对于在不同涂覆活动中使用的不同基材(例如金属或陶瓷)而言,该系统本身应用于例如初始涂覆速度、涂覆速度降低的位置以及涂覆速度降低到可实现的最佳结果的量方面是相当有用的。因此,当将第一基材提交到新的活动中时,系统被编程为使得其有利地试图自动地计算出最佳的涂覆条件。如果在相应基材上或相应基材中的涂层的差异在基材之间变得最小和/或对于基材上的涂层给出的规格符合可能的最高量的基材,则实现最佳涂覆结果。要针对该操作编程的自学软件乃是基于技术人员的知识。考虑到液体涂覆介质在活动期间(例如在粘度方面)可以改变的事实,后一方面甚至更有利,并且刚才所说明的自动电子系统可以通过例如以下方式来补偿这种改变:调整涂覆速度,并且提供与设想的理想涂覆标准偏差较小的涂覆基材。
已经强调的是,一旦涂覆步骤结束,涂覆浆料或液体涂覆介质在基材的顶部出现。这个动作也由传感器监测(见上文)。一旦相应的传感器指示浆料从基材渗出,则在通过相应传感器发出信号之后,通过中央处理单元停止引入新的液体涂覆介质。然而,由于所应用的涂覆方法的极大速度,可能发生一点浆料流出基材并污染例如基材的外边缘。该材料因催化而损失,因此被浪费。如果PGM存在于液体涂覆介质中,则这种材料的浪费在大的生产活动中可能变得相当昂贵。因此,在一个优选的实施例中,待涂覆的基材在基材的圆周表面处同时在其下端及其上端面处通过可充气密封件固定到涂覆工位。这有助于避免液体涂覆介质由于其被上密封件(参见图1)阻塞而导致的圆周表面的污染。多余的液体涂覆介质因此保留在基材的顶部上,并且在随后的抽吸步骤中简单地被吸回到基材中。
在本发明的另一个优选方面,液体涂覆介质具有在2mPa*s至200mPa*s之间的粘度。特别优选的是本发明的方法,其中使用具有填充有液体103并具有活塞101的气缸102的装置,其中所述填充了液体的气缸102与罐112连通,在所述罐内部以这样的方式布置位移主体111:即,在活塞101移动时,位移主体111在液体103作用下成比例地移动;并且罐112与基材1的涂覆装置3连通,其中位移主体111作用于液体涂覆介质113,从而引起涂覆装置3中的液体涂覆介质113的液位成比例地改变。
可用于本发明涂覆方法的基材是技术人员已知的。优选地,根据本发明的待涂覆的基材是所谓的壁流式过滤器或流通式整料。这里使用的基材可以由通常用于制备催化剂的那些材料制成,并且将优选包括陶瓷或金属蜂巢结构。
可采用任何合适的基材,诸如类型为具有细小平行气流通道的整体基材,所述通道从基材的入口或出口面穿过其中延伸,以使得通道对于流过其中的气流为开放的(称为蜂巢式流通基材)。所述通道为从其气流入口至其气流出口的基本直线路径,这些通道由壁限定,催化材料作为载体涂料涂覆于壁上或壁中,以使得流经该通道的气体接触催化材料。整体基材的气流通道为薄壁通道,其可具有任何合适的横截面形状和尺寸,诸如梯形、矩形、正方形、正弦曲线、六边形、椭圆形、圆形等。此类结构每平方英寸横截面可包含约400-900个或更多气体入口开口(即巢室)(62-140个巢室/cm2)。
陶瓷基材可由任何合适的耐火材料如堇青石、堇青石氧化铝、氮化硅、锆莫来石、锂辉石、铝硅镁、硅酸锆、硅线石、硅酸镁、锆石、透锂长石、氧化铝、硅酸铝等制成。可用于本发明的复合催化剂的基材还可为天然金属,并可由一种或多种金属或金属合金构成。采用的金属基材可呈各种形状,诸如波纹板或整体形式。优选地金属载体包括耐热金属和金属合金,诸如钛和不锈钢,以及以铁为基本或主要组分的其他合金。此类合金可包含镍、铬和/或铝中的一者或多者,并且这些金属的总量可有利地占合金的至少约15重量%,例如约10重量%至25重量%的铬、约3重量%至8重量%的铝以及最多约20重量%的镍。所述合金还可包含少量或痕量的一种或多种其他金属,诸如锰、铜、钒、钛等。可在高温(例如,约1000℃以及更高)下氧化金属基材的表面,以通过在基材的表面上形成氧化层来改善合金的耐腐蚀能力。此类高温诱导的氧化可增强耐火金属氧化物载体以及催化促进性金属组分对基材的粘附。
基材也可以是蜂巢壁流式过滤器。用于支撑涂料组合物的壁流式基材具有沿着基材的纵轴延伸的多个细小的、基本上平行的气流通道。通常,每个通道在基材主体的一端处被阻塞,其中交替的通道在相对的端面处被阻塞。用于本发明设备中的特定壁流式基材包括薄的多孔壁蜂巢体(整料),流体流通过其而不会引起跨该制品的背压或压降的太大增加。通常,干净的壁流式制品的存在将产生0.036psi至10psi的背压。这些陶瓷壁流式基材可由任何合适的耐火材料如堇青石、堇青石氧化铝、氮化硅、锆莫来石、锂辉石、铝硅镁、硅酸锆、硅线石、硅酸镁、锆石、透锂长石、氧化铝、硅酸铝等制成。它们优选由孔隙度为至少40%(例如,40%至70%)的材料形成,其平均孔径为至少5微米(例如,5至30微米)。更优选地,基材具有至少46%的孔隙度并且具有至少10微米的平均孔径。当用上述设备涂覆具有这些孔隙度和这些平均孔径的基材时,可以将足够量的涂料组合物装载到基材的孔上和/或孔中,以实现优异的污染物转化效率和燃尽烟灰。无论催化剂负载量如何,这些基材仍然能够保持足够的排气流动特性,即可接受的背压。合适的壁流式基材例如公开于美国专利No.4,329,162。
表述“涂层”应理解为是指在基本上惰性的基材上施加催化活性材料和/或储存组分,其可以上述壁流式过滤器或流通式整料的方式构建。该涂层执行实际的催化功能并且包含通常以高分散形式沉积在温度稳定的大表面积金属氧化物(见下文)上的储存材料和/或催化活性金属。涂覆通常通过将储存材料和/或催化活性组分(也称为载体涂料)的液体涂覆介质施加到惰性基材的壁上和/或壁中来进行。在施加液体涂覆介质后,将载体干燥并且在适当的情况下高温煅烧。该涂层可由一层组成或者由多个层构成,这些层一个在另一个之上(以多层形式)和/或相对于彼此偏移(以区域形式)施加到基材。
液体涂覆介质为例如用于涂覆机动车辆的废气催化剂的悬浮液或分散体(“载体涂料”),其含有催化活性组分或其前体和无机氧化物(诸如氧化铝、二氧化钛、氧化锆或其组合),所述氧化物可能掺杂例如硅或镧。钒、铬、锰、铁、钴、铜、锌、镍或稀土金属(诸如镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱)的氧化物或这些氧化物的组合可用作催化活性组分。贵金属诸如铂、钯、金、铑、铱、锇、钌及其组合也可用作催化活性组分。这些金属也可作为彼此的合金、与其他金属的合金或氧化物存在。所述金属也可作为前体存在,诸如所述贵金属的硝酸盐、亚硫酸盐或有机基团及其混合物;具体地讲,硝酸钯、亚硫酸钯、硝酸铂、亚硫酸铂或Pt(NH3)4(NO3)2可用于液体涂覆介质中。随后通过在约400℃至约700℃下煅烧前体,可由所述前体获得催化活性组分。要涂覆用于生产汽车废气催化剂的基材,可首先使用无机氧化物的悬浮液或分散体进行涂覆,接着在后续的涂覆步骤中,可施用含有一种或多种催化活性组分的悬浮液或分散体。然而,液体涂覆介质也可能含有这两种组分。液体涂覆介质(浆料/载体涂料)通常具有35%至52%的固体含量,以及2mPa*s至300mPa*s的粘度,优选15mPa*s至200mPa*s的粘度。
涂覆过程通常开始于,通过方向114将特定的涂覆浆料泵送到涂覆装置3中,直到传感器4和4发出达到正确的涂覆高度的信号。同时,通过对密封件10充气,将基材1从上方放置在涂覆装置3上并紧密固定(例如在DE102010007499A1、DE102010008700A1或中国实用新型201420126144.7中所述)。这些引用的出版物有利地也是关于如何可以优选地执行利用本发明设备的涂覆方法的本公开的一部分。
如果将涂覆浆料113在下一步骤中适当地填充到装置3中,则根据本发明将所述涂覆浆料进一步泵送到基材1中,直到到达所需的涂层,即液体涂覆介质出现在由传感器5发出信号的基材顶部。随后,从基材1下方抽出多余的涂覆浆料,并且可以用相同的载体涂料再次涂覆基材1,或者从涂覆室中释放并进一步处理基材1,例如用不同的载体涂料从另一方向或甚至第二次从相同方向再次涂覆,或者进行到称重、干燥或煅烧单元。
附图简要说明
图1:
1 基材
2 用于固定基材的单元
3 涂覆装置
4 用于监测涂覆装置中的填充液位的传感器
5 用于监测涂覆浆料在基材顶部的出现的传感器
6 中央处理单元
7 液体涂覆介质流
10 可充气密封件
图2:
100 致动器
101 活塞
102 气缸
103 流体
104 管线部分
111 位移主体
112 罐
113 液体涂覆介质
114 填充流方向
124 用于监测位移主体的传感器
125 中央处理单元
附图说明:
图1示出了用于涂覆基材1的本发明的布置。液体涂覆介质通过管线部分7填充到涂覆设备3中,其中涂覆设备3设置有基材1和用于精确地确定装置3中液体涂覆介质的第一液位的传感器4。由传感器4确定的值被传输到中央处理单元6,所述中央处理单元本身基于上述分析至少控制涂覆浆料的进一步泵送或抽吸。
在已经执行了在填充流动方向7上用涂覆介质将涂覆装置3填充到最高至第一液位(传感器4的液位)之后,并且在液体涂覆介质出现在基材1的顶部(其由传感器5监测)之后,可以沿回流方向吸出涂覆浆料,将其导向用于容纳多余涂覆介质并且将其保存好以供进一步使用的储存罐。为此目的,所有所需的控制命令优选地同样由中央处理单元6输出。
图2示出了用于涂覆基材的本发明的布置,在该布置中,在填充有液体103的气缸102中具有由致动器100致动的活塞101,并且通过气缸102的连接部104连接至位移主体111,从而允许在填充有液体涂覆介质113并且具有连接到涂覆单元的管线部分114的罐112中致动位移主体111。传感器124用于监测罐112中涂覆介质113的位移体积和位移主体111的状态。
由传感器124确定的值还被传输到中央处理单元125,该中央处理单元本身控制致动器100并因此控制活塞101。
优选地,同样通过中央处理单元(125[图2],6[图1])输出涂覆基材所需的并且基于源自4、5和124的信号的所有控制命令。
适于生产机动车辆的废气催化剂的成品基材在其壁部上或其壁部中具有特别均匀的涂层,该涂层至少特征在于,沿着纵向通道轴线的涂层的均匀性优于以较低但因此恒定的速度所得的涂层。已经检测到,高速度的涂覆实际上用于在至少催化物质的量和/或每单位催化剂的载体涂料量(单位为g/L)的梯度方面提供更多均匀性。本发明以非常容易但却令人惊讶的有效方式实现这个结果。由于应用了特殊的涂覆速度剖面,所以可以采用非常快速的涂覆方法,其令人惊讶地仍然有利地提供经涂覆的基材。这极大地有助于缩短循环时间(涂覆一个主体所需的时间),但另一方面也用于使较少的经涂覆整料超出规格。因此,本发明允许显著提高用于涂覆废气催化剂的方法的经济性。到本发明的日期为止,这从现有技术的教导内容来看不是显而易见的。
实例:
根据DE102010007499A1中所述的方法涂覆直径为143.8mm的2.5L基材。比较了根据本发明的快速涂覆的常规涂覆方法。当溢流传感器发出涂覆介质的引入结束的信号时,停止引入载体涂料。
工位测试设置
快速涂覆 2000mL/s 加速度3000mL/s2
正常速度涂覆 600mL/s 减速度3000mL/s2
给定的条件与真实的涂覆方法相若。可以看出,通过应用新的涂覆策略每块可以节省大量的时间。使用快速涂覆方法的涂层的质量比使用正常涂覆方法(600mL/s)的涂层的质量好得多,这是因为所使用的整体基材在引入液体涂覆介质时不能足够快地吸水,从而实质上改变了涂覆介质的粘度,同时涂覆介质仍被引入部件中。
Claims (8)
1.用于均匀涂覆生产废气净化催化剂,尤其是机动车辆使用的废气净化催化剂的基材(1)的方法,所述基材为圆柱形基材并且每个具有两个端面、一个圆周表面和轴向长度L,并且由携带克服重力的液体涂覆介质的多个通道从第一端面横穿至第二端面,
其中对将所述液体涂覆介质(113)从下方(7)引入到所述基材中以这样的方式进行控制,使得从部分所述轴向长度朝向所述基材的所述端面的涂覆速度与将所述液体涂覆介质初始引入所述基材(1)中的速度相比减小,并且
其中在所述液体涂覆介质(113)进入所述基材之前,通过电导率传感器(4)检查涂覆室中的涂覆高度,并且
在开始引入所述液体涂覆介质时的涂覆速度高于或等于0.1m/s,并且
在所述基材的一半已经用所述液体涂覆介质润湿之后才开始降低涂覆速度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中在将所述液体涂覆介质初始引入到所述基材中时的涂覆速度是在所述液体涂覆介质出现在所述基材(1)的顶部之前不久的涂覆速度的至少两倍大小。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中将在所述基材的95%的点处的涂覆速度视为所述液体涂覆介质出现在所述基材(1)的顶部之前不久的所述涂覆速度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中在所述液体涂覆介质(113)进入所述基材之前,通过电导率传感器(4)检查涂覆室中的涂覆高度。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中通过视觉传感器(5)监测所述液体涂覆介质(113)出现在所述基材的顶部。
6.根据前述权利要求中一项或多项所述的方法,其中所述基材同时在下端以及上端面处通过可充气密封件(10)固定到涂覆工位。
7.根据前述权利要求中一项或多项所述的方法,其中所述液体涂覆介质(113)的粘度在2mPa*s至200mPa*s之间。
8.根据前述权利要求中一项或多项所述的方法,其中使用具有填充有液体(103)并具有活塞(101)的气缸(102)的装置,其中所述填充有液体的气缸(102)与罐(112)连通,在所述罐内部以这样的方式布置位移主体(111):即,在所述活塞(101)移动时,所述位移主体(111)在所述液体(103)作用下成比例地移动;并且所述罐(112)与用于所述基材(1)的涂覆装置(3)连通,其中所述位移主体(111)作用于所述液体涂覆介质(113),从而引起所述涂覆装置(3)中的所述液体涂覆介质(113)的液位成比例地改变。
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CN110869124A (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-03-06 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 涂覆设备和方法 |
CN113466560A (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 广船国际有限公司 | 一种静电喷涂涂料导电率在线监测装置 |
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- 2015-09-11 WO PCT/EP2015/070792 patent/WO2016050483A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-09-11 BR BR112017006470A patent/BR112017006470A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-09-11 KR KR1020177008600A patent/KR102413256B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-09-11 US US15/511,971 patent/US10662849B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-11 EP EP15763303.3A patent/EP3200932B1/en active Active
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CN106975585A (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-25 | 佛山柯维光电股份有限公司 | 一种立式紫外线灯管内表面涂膜机 |
CN110869124A (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2020-03-06 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 涂覆设备和方法 |
CN110869124B (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2023-03-31 | 优美科股份公司及两合公司 | 涂覆设备和方法 |
CN107876300A (zh) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 杭州凯明催化剂股份有限公司 | 一种VOCs净化用不规则蜂窝陶瓷载体催化剂涂覆装置及其使用方法 |
CN113466560A (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 广船国际有限公司 | 一种静电喷涂涂料导电率在线监测装置 |
CN113466560B (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2024-02-20 | 广船国际有限公司 | 一种静电喷涂涂料导电率在线监测装置 |
Also Published As
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PL3200932T3 (pl) | 2019-08-30 |
KR102413256B1 (ko) | 2022-06-27 |
WO2016050269A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
JP6629306B2 (ja) | 2020-01-15 |
WO2016050483A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
BR112017006470A2 (pt) | 2017-12-12 |
JP2017530003A (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
EP3200932A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
CA2962302A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
US10662849B2 (en) | 2020-05-26 |
RU2698811C2 (ru) | 2019-08-30 |
KR20170063648A (ko) | 2017-06-08 |
US20170239650A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
RU2017115189A3 (zh) | 2019-02-19 |
EP3200932B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
RU2017115189A (ru) | 2018-11-02 |
CN106714985B (zh) | 2021-01-15 |
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