CN106701146A - 一种生物柴油的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生物柴油的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106701146A
CN106701146A CN201611207236.8A CN201611207236A CN106701146A CN 106701146 A CN106701146 A CN 106701146A CN 201611207236 A CN201611207236 A CN 201611207236A CN 106701146 A CN106701146 A CN 106701146A
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esterification
preparation
mass parts
biodiesel
time
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王栋
麦丁雄
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Huizhou Xinlong Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Huizhou Xinlong Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/40—Thermal non-catalytic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/60—Controlling or regulating the processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
    • C10G2300/1007—Used oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/14—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production
    • C10L2290/141—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production of additive or catalyst
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种生物柴油。本发明的生物柴油是以食品加工生产线的残渣提取的动植物油脂为原料，经过预酯化、酯交换等步骤制备。本发明可以实现对食品加工废弃物的综合处理，实现资源的再生利用；本发明方法脂肪酸转化效率高，原料中的游离脂肪酸可以在温和的条件下得到甲酯化；甘油的分离效率高。

Description

一种生物柴油的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生物柴油的制备方法。
背景技术
食品加工残渣内含有动植物油脂可作为再生资源，通过油水分离工序分离出来。按照国内饮食习惯和常规的经验，食品加工残渣内含有约2%～5%的油脂，分离效率和工艺的需要一般可计提炼3.5%以上，50t食品加工残渣处理产生约2～3t油脂。动植物油脂通过酯化反应后是一种良好的生物柴油或脂肪酸甲酯，具有较高的价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含生物柴油的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：一种生物柴油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）将原料10-100质量份、浓硫酸5-100质量份、甲醇10-100质量份在反应器中预混合，升温至60-70℃进行预酯化反应5-10min，预酯化结束，离心，沉降；
（2）将反应体系温度降低至55-65℃，补充甲醇，加入醋酸甲酯，进行第一次酯化反应；第一次酯化反应结束，将反应体系降温至40-45℃加入脂肪酶，进行第二次酯化反应；
（3）将两次酯化反应结束得到的物料经过分馏塔进行分离，再经除溶剂、活性炭吸附、精滤步骤，制得生物柴油；所述原料为食品加工生产线的残渣提取的动植物油脂。
优选的，所述预酯化条件为：温度63℃，压力为常压。
优选的，所述酯交换反应温度为60℃。
所述补充甲醇的量是10-40质量份；加入醋酸甲酯的量为原料质量的1-5%。
所述第一酯化反应时间为0.5-1h；脂肪酶加入量为原料质量的1-5%，第二次酯化反应时间为45-55min。
本发明方法脂肪酸转化效率高，原料中的游离脂肪酸可以在温和的条件下得到甲酯化；甘油的分离效率高。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明，这些实施例仅用来说明本发明，并不限制本发明的范围。
实施例 采用以下步骤实现本发明：
（1）将食品加工生产线的残渣提取的动植物油脂77质量份、浓硫酸26质量份、甲醇58质量份在反应器中预混合，升温至70℃进行预酯化反应5min，预酯化结束，离心，沉降；
（2）将反应体系温度降低至65℃，补充甲醇27质量份，加入原料质量4%的醋酸甲酯，进行第一次酯化反应0.5h；第一次酯化反应结束，将反应体系降温至40-45℃加入脂肪酶，进行第二次酯化反应50min；
（3）将两次酯化反应结束得到的物料经过分馏塔进行分离，再经除溶剂、活性炭吸附、精滤步骤，制得生物柴油。

Claims (5)

1.一种生物柴油的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
（1）将原料10-100质量份、浓硫酸5-100质量份、甲醇10-100质量份在反应器中预混合，升温至60-70℃进行预酯化反应5-10min，预酯化结束，离心，沉降；
（2）将反应体系温度降低至55-65℃，补充甲醇，加入醋酸甲酯，进行第一次酯化反应；第一次酯化反应结束，将反应体系降温至40-45℃加入脂肪酶，进行第二次酯化反应；
（3）将两次酯化反应结束得到的物料经过分馏塔进行分离，再经除溶剂、活性炭吸附、精滤步骤，制得生物柴油；所述原料为食品加工生产线的残渣提取的动植物油脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述预酯化条件为：温度63℃，压力为常压。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述酯交换反应温度为60℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述第一次酯化反应时间为0.5-1h；脂肪酶加入量为原料质量的1-5%，第二次酯化反应时间为45-55min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：所述补充甲醇的量是10-40质量份；加入醋酸甲酯的量为原料质量的1-3%。
CN201611207236.8A 2016-12-23 2016-12-23 一种生物柴油的制备方法 Pending CN106701146A (zh)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1966614A (zh) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-23 香港中文大学 生物柴油的制备方法
CN101220289A (zh) * 2007-01-10 2008-07-16 北京华阳禾生能源技术发展有限公司 单相催化制备生物柴油的方法
CN101225324A (zh) * 2008-01-29 2008-07-23 国家粮食储备局无锡科学研究设计院 一种低酸催化油脂或脂肪酸一步制备生物柴油的方法
CN101284998A (zh) * 2008-05-06 2008-10-15 西北大学 一种催化反应与分离过程耦合制备生物柴油的工艺
JP2009138098A (ja) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-25 Saitama Univ 遊離脂肪酸のエステル化方法、およびこれを用いた脂肪酸エステル燃料の製造方法
CN104818125A (zh) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-05 浙江大学 以废弃油脂为原料的脂肪酸甲酯的制备方法
CN105462692A (zh) * 2014-08-20 2016-04-06 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 生物柴油制备方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1966614A (zh) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-23 香港中文大学 生物柴油的制备方法
CN101220289A (zh) * 2007-01-10 2008-07-16 北京华阳禾生能源技术发展有限公司 单相催化制备生物柴油的方法
JP2009138098A (ja) * 2007-12-06 2009-06-25 Saitama Univ 遊離脂肪酸のエステル化方法、およびこれを用いた脂肪酸エステル燃料の製造方法
CN101225324A (zh) * 2008-01-29 2008-07-23 国家粮食储备局无锡科学研究设计院 一种低酸催化油脂或脂肪酸一步制备生物柴油的方法
CN101284998A (zh) * 2008-05-06 2008-10-15 西北大学 一种催化反应与分离过程耦合制备生物柴油的工艺
CN105462692A (zh) * 2014-08-20 2016-04-06 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 生物柴油制备方法
CN104818125A (zh) * 2015-05-04 2015-08-05 浙江大学 以废弃油脂为原料的脂肪酸甲酯的制备方法

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