CN106700343A - 改性pvc墙板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

改性pvc墙板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106700343A
CN106700343A CN201710015773.0A CN201710015773A CN106700343A CN 106700343 A CN106700343 A CN 106700343A CN 201710015773 A CN201710015773 A CN 201710015773A CN 106700343 A CN106700343 A CN 106700343A
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GUANGZHOU HENGDE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MATERIAL CO., LTD.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种改性PVC墙板及其制备方法，该改性PVC墙板，包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：PVC树脂45‑55份、木粉8‑20份、碳酸钙粉5‑15份、第一助剂4.5‑11份、第二助剂2.5‑6.5份；其中，所述第二助剂包括质量比为1.8‑2.2:1的改性AC发泡剂：碳酸氢钠，所述改性AC发泡剂包括质量比为1‑2:1‑2:1‑2:1‑2的钙锌稳定剂：稀土复合盐稳定剂：硬脂酸钡：AC发泡剂。上述改性PVC墙板具有优异的性能：拉伸性能、冲击性能、弯曲强度以及承载力均优于现有的市售产品。

Description

改性PVC墙板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种改性PVC墙板及其制备方法。
背景技术
常规的PVC管材和型材在与其它金属配件配合使用时由于承重不够，容易造成产品破损，甚至造成人身伤害。
木塑PVC结皮墙板是以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为主要原料，经过特殊发泡工艺制备而成，它芯部发泡，两面结皮，且可根据用户要求配制出各种颜色或通过覆膜及转印工艺在产品表面印上各种图案，增强装饰效果，并具有良好的阻燃性、耐水性、耐腐蚀性，二次加工也十分方便，是一种十分理想的绿色环保建筑装饰材料，但当前对木塑PVC结皮墙板的配方及加工工艺的研究较少。
目前现的有PVC结皮发泡墙板的强度仍然不是不够，容易出现形变、弯曲、断裂等情况，限制了它的使用范围。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的是提供一种改性PVC墙板。
具体的技术方案如下：
一种改性PVC墙板，包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：
其中，所述第二助剂包括质量比为1.8-2.2:1的改性AC发泡剂：碳酸氢钠，所述改性AC发泡剂包括质量比为1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2的钙锌稳定剂：稀土复合盐稳定剂：硬脂酸钡：AC发泡剂。
在其中一些实施例中，所述第一助剂包括质量比为9-10:15-19:1-2的发泡助剂：钙锌稳定剂：硬脂酸钡。
在其中一些实施例中，所述PVC树脂的性能指标为：粘数为118-107mL/g，表观密度＜0.45g/cm3。
在其中一些实施例中，所述木粉选自草本纤维和/或工业纤维边角料。
本发明的另一目的是提供上述改性PVC墙板的制备方法。
具体的技术方案如下：
上述改性PVC墙板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
混炼造粒：将所述木粉和所述钙粉进行前处理，然后与所述PVC树脂和所述第一助剂于混炼机内混合2-3h，冷却，加入所述第二助剂，混合均匀后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，得木塑母粒；
挤出成型：将所述木塑母粒通过单螺杆挤出机挤出，定型，冷却水冷却，切割，即得所述改性PVC墙板。
在其中一些实施例中，所述双螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，加热五区170～180℃，机头加热165～185℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min。
在其中一些实施例中，所述单螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，连体区150～170℃，口模180～195℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min。
在其中一些实施例中，所述混炼造粒步骤中，所述第二助剂加入前，物料温度冷却至35-45℃。
在其中一些实施例中，所述挤出定型步骤中，所述冷却水的温度为13-15℃。
上述改性PVC墙板采用改性AC发泡剂并配合特定的制备工艺，其中改性AC发泡剂采用钙锌稳定剂、稀土复合盐稳定剂以及硬脂酸钡对AC发泡剂进行改性，在制备过程中，由于AC发泡剂的分解温度已经远远超过木粉及PVC的分解温度，因此对AC发泡剂进行改性处理可明显降低其分解温度，达到控制发泡剂分解温度的目的，从而提高产品性能。制备工艺中通过控制单螺杆挤出机的冷却水的温度在13-15℃，可以使不发泡皮层厚度增大，芯部泡孔尺寸减小，泡孔结构均匀细密，制品表面质量优良，进而提高力学性能。
上述制备方法以及特定的原料配比得到的改性PVC墙板具有优异的性能：拉伸性能、冲击性能、弯曲强度以及承载力均优于现有的市售产品。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
实施例所使用的原料均为市售购得：
PVC树脂购自天津大沽化工股份有限公司，其性能指标如下：粘数为118-107mL/g，表观密度＜0.45g/cm3。
木粉选自草本纤维或工业纤维边角料(市售购得)；
钙锌稳定剂，成分为钙盐、锌盐、润滑剂、抗氧剂等，购自广东若天新材料科技有限公司；
稀土复合盐稳定剂购自南京惠恩实业有限公司；
AC发泡剂，成分为偶氮二甲酰胺，购自山东三润助剂科技有限公司；
发泡助剂，成分为ACR，购自山东日科化学股份有限公司。
实施例1-9
原料配比如下：
其中第二助剂由质量比为2:1的改性AC发泡剂和碳酸氢钠混合而成，所述改性AC发泡剂的原料质量比如下：
其中第一助剂的原料质量比如下：
实施例 发泡助剂 钙锌稳定剂 硬脂酸钡
1 10 15 2
2 9 17 2
3 9 18 1
4 10 16 2
5 10 17 2
6 9 15 2
7 9 16 1
8 10 18 2
9 10 19 1
上述AC改性墙板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
混炼造粒：将所述木粉和所述钙粉进行前处理，然后与所述PVC树脂和所述第一助剂于混炼机内混合2-3h，冷却至35-45℃，加入所述第二助剂，混合均匀后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，得木塑母粒；
其中双螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，加热五区170～180℃，机头加热165～185℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min。
挤出成型：将所述木塑母粒通过单螺杆挤出机挤出，所述单螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，连体区150～170℃，口模180～195℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min；定型，冷却水(温度为13-15℃)冷却，切割，即得所述改性PVC墙板。
上述制备得到的改性PVC墙板的性能数据(冲击性能测试标准：GB/T 1043-1993；拉伸性能测试标准：GB/T 1040-1992；弯曲性能测试标准：GB/T 9341-2000；)如下：
对比例1-3
原料配比如下：
其中，对比例1中第一助剂为ACR发泡助剂，第二助剂为AC发泡剂；对比例2中第二助剂为AC发泡剂；对比例3的制备方法中挤出定型步骤采用20℃冷却水冷却。其余组分和制备方法与相应的实施例1-3相同。
上述对比例得到的PVC墙板的性能数据如下：
实施例中的力学性能(如：拉伸性能和冲击强度)接近对比例的两倍，弯曲强度、弯曲模量及单点承载力也远远超过对比例中的产品，因此通过制备复配发泡剂及调整生产工艺可显著提高产品性能。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (9)

1.一种改性PVC墙板，其特征在于，包括如下重量份的原料制备而成：
其中，所述第二助剂包括质量比为1.8-2.2:1的改性AC发泡剂：碳酸氢钠，所述改性AC发泡剂包括质量比为1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2的钙锌稳定剂：稀土复合盐稳定剂：硬脂酸钡：AC发泡剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改性PVC墙板，其特征在于，所述第一助剂包括质量比为9-10：15-19：1-2的发泡助剂：钙锌稳定剂：硬脂酸钡。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的改性PVC墙板，其特征在于，所述PVC树脂的性能指标为：粘数为118-107mL/g，表观密度＜0.45g/cm3。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的改性PVC墙板，其特征在于，所述木粉选自草本纤维和/或工业纤维边角料。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的改性PVC墙板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
混炼造粒：将所述木粉和所述钙粉进行前处理，然后与所述PVC树脂和所述第一助剂于混炼机内混合2-3h，冷却，加入所述第二助剂，混合均匀后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，得木塑母粒；
挤出成型：将所述木塑母粒通过单螺杆挤出机挤出，定型，冷却水冷却，切割，即得所述改性PVC墙板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述双螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，加热五区170～180℃，机头加热165～185℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述单螺杆挤出机的工艺参数为：加热一区140～160℃，加热二区155～165℃，加热三区165～175℃，加热四区170～185℃，连体区150～170℃，口模180～195℃，挤出机螺杆转速控制在17.5～19.0r/min。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混炼造粒步骤中，所述第二助剂加入前，物料温度冷却至35-45℃。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述挤出定型步骤中，所述冷却水的温度为13-15℃。
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