CN106673677B - 矿热炉用环保无水炮泥及制备方法 - Google Patents

矿热炉用环保无水炮泥及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106673677B
CN106673677B CN201611218948.XA CN201611218948A CN106673677B CN 106673677 B CN106673677 B CN 106673677B CN 201611218948 A CN201611218948 A CN 201611218948A CN 106673677 B CN106673677 B CN 106673677B
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唐勋海
高栋
郑期波
范咏莲
李晓伟
徐自伟
张雯文
张君博
徐焱慧
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Central Research Institute of Building and Construction Co Ltd MCC Group
China Jingye Engineering Corp Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种矿热炉用环保无水炮泥及其制备方法，无水炮泥按重量份计，镁橄榄石：10～20重量份，镁砂：10～45重量份，碳化硅：10～20重量份，焦炭：10～25重量份，沥青：5～15重量份，黏土：10～20重量份，氮化物：5～15重量份，蓝晶石：3～10重量份，石英粉：0～15重量份，炭黑油：12～20重量份，蒽油：2～8重量份，以及增塑剂：0.5～2重量份,其中，氮化物为氮化硅铁、氮化硅、氮化铝和氮化钛中的一种或几种混合,预混炭黑油和蒽油形成复合环保结合剂备用；原材料称好，加入混碾机干混；加入结合剂，混碾；加入增塑剂，搅拌；挤压成型。本发明对人体和环境安全，且高性能、低消耗、有良好的抗熔渣侵蚀、耐冲刷性能。

Description

矿热炉用环保无水炮泥及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及铁合金用耐火材料领域，特别是涉及一种矿热炉用环保无水炮泥及制备方法。
背景技术
矿热炉作为铁合金行业主要的冶炼设备，为长时间连续性生产，生产时间一般为1-5年甚至更长，随着我国铁合金行业的不断发展壮大，矿热炉向大功率化及冶炼品种多元化发展，矿热炉的冶炼强度不断增强，“高效、低耗、环保、长寿”是矿热炉新经济形势下发展目标。作为矿热炉出铁(渣)口使用的炮泥，对炉眼出铁口的要求也随之提高，对材质与质量提出了更高的要求，已从单纯的耗材转向多功能、高性能、环保性材料。
目前矿热炉用炮泥广泛采用焦油和沥青结合的无水炮泥或水炮泥，在生产和使用过程中污染比较大，性能比较低，稳定性差，不能满足新环保形势和矿热炉发展的需要。树脂作为结合剂的无水炮泥仍然以沥青作为结合剂，没有做到真正的环保，同时树脂结合剂的炮泥对现场的适应性差，容易出现打不动，硬炮现象，不能保证矿热炉冶炼生产的高效顺行，市场接受程度低。
解决矿热炉发展中无水炮泥和水炮泥遇到的环保、高消耗、性能差的问题，是现代矿热炉发展的迫切需求。
发明内容
鉴于上述不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种环保、具有良好抗熔渣侵蚀、耐冲刷性能、易施工的矿热炉用环保无水炮泥。
本发明的一个方面，矿热炉用环保无水炮泥，按重量份计，其原料组成如下：
镁橄榄石：10～20重量份，
镁砂：10～45重量份，
碳化硅：10～20重量份，
焦炭：10～25重量份，
沥青：5～15重量份，
黏土：10～20重量份，
氮化物：5～15重量份，
蓝晶石：3～10重量份，
石英粉：0～15重量份，
炭黑油：12～20重量份，
蒽油：2～8重量份，以及
增塑剂：0.5～2重量份；
其中，所述氮化物为氮化硅铁、氮化硅、氮化铝和氮化钛中的一种或几种混合。
优选地，所述的镁橄榄石为粒径是小于等于3mm的颗粒料。
优选地，所述镁砂为烧结镁砂、电熔镁砂中的一种或两种混合。
优选地，所述蒽油为脱晶蒽油。
优选地，所述炭黑油中水含量小于0.1％。
优选地，所述增塑剂为烷基苯磺酸(司马化工生产的CLYDOL N 2002，结构简式为R-C6H4-SO3-R)等材料的添加，使得矿热炉炮泥达到绿色环保。
本发明的另一个方面，矿热炉用环保无水炮泥的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按比例预混炭黑油和蒽油形成混合油，备用；
2)按比例将原材料称量好，混合均匀后装入袋中备用；
3)将步骤2)中混合好的散料加入混碾机中干混2～3分钟；
4)在步骤3)形成的混料中加入步骤1)预混的混合油，混碾15～20分钟；
5)按比例加入增塑剂，搅拌3～5分钟，经挤压成型；
6)记录步骤5)中得到的炮泥的温度，检测，合格后形成产品。
本发明无水炮泥中各组分的主要作用简述如下：
一、本发明镁橄榄石原料和氮化物的加入，由于氮化物高温分解N2，有效抑制固液元素之间的相互渗透和侵蚀，降低熔融渣铁对固体材料化学侵蚀，镁质材料高熔点增强了材料的抗高温抗侵蚀性，大大提高材料的使用性能。
二、本发明中采用预混炭黑油和蒽油形成复合环保结合剂代替传统的焦油和沥青做结合剂，同时添加增塑剂烷基苯磺酸(司马化工生产的CLYDOL N 2002，结构简式R-C6H4-SO3-R)；采用复合环保结合剂的新型无水炮泥，不仅初期硬化快,而且易钻孔；同时炮泥的VOC排放达到欧盟标准，产品绿色环保，对人体和环境的伤害在安全范围内。
三、本发明的增塑剂烷基苯磺酸(司马化工生产的CLYDOL N 2002，结构简式R-C6H4-SO3-R)通过材料表面的分散，减少颗粒之间的摩擦，材料的塑性大大增加，同时保质期增长，产品稳定性提高。
相对于传统无水炮泥，本发明的无水炮泥具有如下技术效果：
本发明在已有高炉用Al2O3-SiC-C炮泥的基础上，改变结合系统，采用环保的炭黑油和脱晶蒽油制备成复合环保结合剂，同时添加增塑剂代替传统炮泥的焦油和沥青，制备无水炮泥，产品的VOC排放量达到环保标准，达到甚至超过欧盟标准，生产和使用过程中对人体和环境的伤害在安全范围，做到产品的绿色节能环保，体现在如下几点：材料消耗少，堵口效果好，耐磨性能好，易钻孔，冒烟少，无难闻刺激气体，苯并芘浓度降低，出铁过程中铁流稳、不喷溅。引入镁橄榄石、镁砂原料，添加蓝晶石等膨胀剂，提高了材料的抗侵蚀、耐冲刷和致密性，材料使用寿命也得到明显提高。
表1：传统矿热炉用无水炮泥与本发明炮泥性能对比
表1传统炮泥与本发明炮泥性能对比
具体实施方式
实施例
本发明的矿热炉用环保无水炮泥各实施例的原料及其按质量份计的含量如表2所示。
表2各实施例
各实施例的制造方法相同，其制造方法如下：
①按照表2中设计比例预混炭黑油和蒽油形成复合环保结合剂，备用；
②按照质量份计量比例，称取各种耐火原料，混合均匀后装入袋中备用；
③按照顺序首先把混合好的散料(耐火原料)倒入试验用混碾机中混合2～3分钟，均匀后；然后加入按比例预混好的复合环保结合剂混碾，混碾15～20分钟左右，复合环保结合剂对散料润湿均匀后；按表2中设计比例添加增塑剂调整炮泥塑性；最后用马夏仪测定马夏值，马夏值达到规定标准即可包装，产品入库。
将实施例1-6制备的炮泥，经过在40mm×40mm×160mm的标准模具中压制成型，脱模后在电炉内对试块进行200℃的烘干处理及1450℃的埋炭热处理后，按照国家/行业标准中的规定测定抗折、耐压强度性能指标，线变化率、显气孔率、马夏值等性能指标，结果示于下面表3中。
表3专利产品性能指标
综上所述，本发明通过采用环保的炭黑油、蒽油和增塑剂代替传统炮泥的焦油和沥青，制备矿热炉新型绿色环保无水炮泥，抗折强度和耐压强度增强，抗熔渣、抗铁液侵蚀和冲刷性能提高；保证矿热炉出铁口工作状态的稳定，满足矿热炉强化冶炼的需要。同时良好的控制了有害气体的排放量，生产和使用过程中对人体和环境的伤害和污染在正常范围内，本发明环保无水炮泥具有较高的经济效益和社会效益。
以上对本发明优选实施例进行了描述，但本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，并不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下，在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可以做出很多形式，这些均属于本发明保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种矿热炉用环保无水炮泥，其特征在于，按重量份计，其原料组成如下：
镁橄榄石：10～20重量份，
镁砂：10～45重量份，
碳化硅：10～20重量份，
焦炭：10～25重量份，
沥青：5～15重量份，
黏土：10～20重量份，
氮化物：5～15重量份，
蓝晶石：3～10重量份，
石英粉：0～15重量份，
炭黑油：12～20重量份，
蒽油：2～8重量份，以及
增塑剂：0.5～2重量份，
其中，所述氮化物为氮化硅铁、氮化硅、氮化铝和氮化钛中的一种或几种混合；所述炭黑油和所述蒽油混合后作为复合环保结合剂，所述蒽油为脱晶蒽油，所述炭黑油中水含量小于0.1％；所述增塑剂为烷基苯磺酸。
2.如权利要求1所述的矿热炉用环保无水炮泥，其特征在于，所述的镁橄榄石为颗粒料，粒径小于等于3mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的矿热炉用环保无水炮泥，其特征在于，所述镁砂为烧结镁砂、电熔镁砂中的一种或两种混合。
4.如权利要求1所述的矿热炉用环保无水炮泥的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)按比例预混炭黑油和蒽油形成混合油，备用；
2)按比例将原材料称量好，混合均匀后装入袋中备用；
3)将步骤2)中混合好的散料加入混碾机中干混2～3分钟；
4)在步骤3)形成的混料中加入步骤1)预混的混合油，混碾15～20分钟；
5)按比例加入增塑剂，搅拌3～5分钟，经挤压成型；
6)记录步骤5)中得到的炮泥的温度，检测，合格后形成产品。
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