CN106665227A - Method for cultivating high-yield paddy rice in high tillering - Google Patents
Method for cultivating high-yield paddy rice in high tillering Download PDFInfo
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- CN106665227A CN106665227A CN201611151132.XA CN201611151132A CN106665227A CN 106665227 A CN106665227 A CN 106665227A CN 201611151132 A CN201611151132 A CN 201611151132A CN 106665227 A CN106665227 A CN 106665227A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/10—Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses method for cultivating high-yield paddy rice in high tillering, and the method comprises the steps of selecting a high-quality rice seed; removing miscellaneous and empty rice seed; keeping the seed at a low temperature and then planting the seed at a cool atmosphere; accelerating germination nutrimentally; preparing a seedling growing matrix; spreading the seed for seedling; and managing the seedling. According to the invention, the method is simple and practical; the method can be easily realized; the accelerating germination rate can be more than 72%; spreading saves time; the seedling rate can be more than 95%; the seedling grows tidy; the seedling is healthy and strong; the seedling can be ransplanted without relieving; the tillering capability is high and the tap rate is high; the resistance is strong; seed can be saved; the stress resistance is good; by spraying a foliar fertilizer, the yield can be up to 1200kg; workload is fewer; compared with traditional method, time and labor can be saved. Therefore, the method is suitable for cultivating paddy rice in northern are like Anhui.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, the strong high-yield rice breeding method of more particularly to a kind of tillering ability.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. originates in Tropical Asian, is annual gramineae plant, 24 chromosomes.After China widely plants, gradually
Travel to all over the world.Oryza sativa L. is tied and claim after the grain of rice shells rice or rice.Nearly half population in the world, all with rice as food.Greatly
The eating method of rice is varied, there is rice, congee, rice cake, rice cake, rice noodle rice wine etc..Oryza sativa L. can make shallow lake in addition to edible, also
Powder, wine brewing, vinegar processed, Testa oryzae can be refined sugar, extracts oil, extract furfural, and for industrial and pharmaceutical, rice husk, rice straw also have many use.I
State Oryza sativa L. main producing region is mainly the Northeast, the Yangtze river basin, Pearl River Delta.Oryza sativa L. happiness high temperature, how wet, short-day, will to soil
Ask not tight, rice soil is best.
The Genus Oryza system of fibrous root, adventitious root is flourishing, and fringe is panicle, self-pollination.It is annual cultivation corn.Stalk is straight
It is vertical, high 30~100cm.The row alternate of leaf two, wire lanceolar, tip of a leaf film quality, 2 split.Panicle is loose；Small ear Long Circle, two
Side pressure is flat, and containing 3 little Hua, clever pole is degenerated, only mark, and top little Hua both sexes, lemma boat-shaped has awns；Stamen 6；2 flowers degenerate only
Lemma is stayed to be located under hermaphrodite flower, constant error takes lepicena as.Caryopsis.Originate in China.It is one of world's staple food crop.China
Rice growing face accounts for the 1/4 of national cereal crops, and yield then accounts for more than half.Cultivation history is existing 14000~18000 years.
For important cereal crops；In addition to edible caryopsis, can starch processed, wine brewing, vinegar processed, Testa oryzae can be refined sugar, extracts oil, extract furfural, for work
Industry and pharmaceutical；Rice straw is good feedstuff and paper making raw material and braided material, and Fructus Setariae Germinatuss and rice root can hyoscines.
Because at present in Anhui northern area Rice Cropping, climate affects, Oryza sativa L. sowing quantity is cultivated greatly, increase peasant
Originally, while the disease resistance extreme difference of Oryza sativa L., applying pesticides are also easy to produce poisoning for production, while very big edible safety problem is there is also,
All it is first nursery in addition during conventional rice cultivating to improve the resistance of Oryza sativa L. and reducing production cost, Jing cultivates seedling
Seedling, then the step of transplant, and a kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability disclosed by the invention, Jing nursery is only needed, cultivate
The problems such as resistance and cost during to improve Rice Cropping, save the cultivation rice shoot of intermediate steps.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of strong high-yield rice cultivation side of tillering ability
Method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability, its method for culturing seedlings comprises the steps：
(1) high-quality seed rice is chosen, after going the removal of impurity, with heavy caliber container the brine ice of concentration 2% is contained, seed rice is uniformly removed in ice
The salt water surface sinks naturally by it, and the flat shell bubbled through the water column is pulled out immediately, then allows the full seed rice being sunken in water in brine ice
Immersion 2-3h, taking-up paves and is dried in the air ventilation in the moon, drains seed rice surface moisture, is not overlapped by between seed rice and is defined, and ambient temperature is
32-35 DEG C, wind speed is 4-6m/s, carries out the moon and dries in the air 6-8h；
(2) in the seed rice after step (1) process being placed on into temperature for 30-34 DEG C, the environment that humidity is 42-48%, uniformly pave
On burlap, paving thickness is 6-8mm, makes burlap be immersed in nutritional solution surface, is stirred once every 6h, and 7 points of every morning
Front taking-up seed rice is eluriated once with clear water, and the seed rice for having 65-70% after 5-6 days grows nursery by spore；
(3) in field mu organic fertilizer 1800-2200kg, and soil deeptillage 40-45cm, surface soil is dried, make topsoil
Water content is 18-22%, then applies in soil surface and removes biogas slurry, and mu applies biogas slurry 2600-2800kg, and soil 30-35cm is ploughed deeply again
Afterwards, it is 18-22% to continue to shine 3-5 angels Soil reference materials, and soil of then raking makees seedbed, then the pad paving 3- on seedbed
5mm is thick, macerate rotten Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell, then paving thickness is the seedling medium of 2-4cm on Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell；
(4) seedling medium on seedbed is sprayed water so as to which water content reaches saturation, and does not outwards seep water, then will grow spore
Seed rice uniformly remove and turn on the seedling medium in seedbed, it is 20-25mm to remove the seed rice spacing broadcast, and with plant ash seed rice bud is covered
Spore, then builds shed on seedbed, treats that rice shoot length is high to 7-10mm after 12-14 days, controls compound seedling medium water content for 40-
60%, daily 11 point 30-14 points 30 are opened shed two ends and are aerated, then rice shoot length is high to 3-4cm after 15 days, remove shed, control
, in 35-40%, rice shoot length is to 5-6cm after 7 days for compound seedling medium water content processed, you can cultivate Oryza sativa L.；
(5) in field, first mu organic fertilizer 2600-2800kg, N-P-K content are the compound fertilizer 40-50kg of 15-18-10,
The 26-30cm that turns over is carried out, the substrate on seedbed is cut into the substrate block containing 2-3 strain rice shoots by whole moisture in the soil of raking, from the straw of pad paving
Stalk layer takes out, and is spread for 10-14cm by spacing, then pours water into field, and the depth of water is submergence substrate block；
(6) after 10-15 days, rice shoot is grown after young leaves, weeding in combination, and 200-240kg foliage fertilizer A are sprayed to rice shoot mu,
Tillering stage mu sprays 280-300kg foliage fertilizer B, and heading stage mu sprays 260-290kg foliage fertilizer C, and pustulation period mu sprays 300-
320kg foliage fertilizer D；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, other same Routine Managements.
Further, the seedling medium described in step (1) is made up of following raw material：Sandy soil 30-40 parts, mud
10-14 parts, biogas residue 18-24 part, compound fertilizer's 2-4 parts that N-P-K content is 15-15-15, sterilization powder 10-14 parts, micro- fertile 1-3
Part；Its preparation process is：First mud is carried out into 35-42 DEG C of elevated-temperature seal to ferment 30-40 days, add sterilization powder, sandy soil abundant
After mix homogeneously, cover film is stacked 7-10 days, and biogas residue, the compound fertilizer that N-P-K content is 15-15-15, micro- fertilizer mixing is equal
It is even, obtain final product seedling medium.
Further, described micro- fertilizer is made up of following raw material：Copper sulfate 0.5-1 parts, zinc sulfate 0.1-0.5 parts,
Calcium nitrate 1-3 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.4 parts, sodium molybdate 0.3-0.5 parts.
Further, described sterilization powder is made up of following raw material：Realgar powder 0.5-1 parts, Radix Aucklandiae powder 1-3 parts, hardship
Skin rattan powder 10-12 parts, camphor powder 5-7 parts.
Further, the nutritional solution described in step (4) is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Triacontanol 2-5 parts, cell
Mitogen 1-4 parts, salicylic acid 0.8-1.3 parts, (1S,2S)-3-oxo-2-(2'-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentan-1-acetate 0.3-0.7 parts, water 100-120 parts.
Further, the foliage fertilizer A described in step (6) is by calcium nitrate 700-750mg/L, potassium nitrate 550-600mg/L, sulfur
Sour magnesium 350-400mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 140-160mg/L, remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer B is by magnesium sulfate 700-
740mg/L, one-lime phosphate 20-26mg/L, sodium nitrate 580-620mg/L, Sodium Chloride 100-140mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 140-
180mg/L, potassium sulfate 350-400mg/L, remaining be water composition；Described foliage fertilizer C is by calcium nitrate 800-860mg/L, nitric acid
Potassium 750-800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400-460mg/L, calcium superphosphate 820-860mg/L, remaining be water composition；Described foliage fertilizer
D is by calcium nitrate 960-1000mg/L, potassium nitrate 280-320mg/L, magnesium sulfate 230-260mg/L, calcium superphosphate 800-840mg/
L, remaining be water composition.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The method of the present invention is simple and practical, it is easy to accomplish, accelerating germination rate is removed and broadcasts province up to more than 72%
When, emergence rate is up to more than 95%, emerges neat, and rice shoot stalwartness growing way is good, and the seasoned transplanting of rice shoot is without the need for slow seedling, and tillering ability is strong
Tap coefficient is high, resistance, cultivates Oryza sativa L. province kind, good stress resistance, and Jing sprays foliage fertilizer per mu yield up to 1200kg, and workload is than tradition
Method more saves time, and saves labour, is adapted to Anhui northern area and cultivates Oryza sativa L..
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability, its method for culturing seedlings comprises the steps：
(1) high-quality seed rice is chosen, after going the removal of impurity, with heavy caliber container the brine ice of concentration 2% is contained, seed rice is uniformly removed in ice
The salt water surface sinks naturally by it, and the flat shell bubbled through the water column is pulled out immediately, then allows the full seed rice being sunken in water in brine ice
Immersion 2h, taking-up paves and is dried in the air ventilation in the moon, drains seed rice surface moisture, is not overlapped by between seed rice and is defined, and ambient temperature is 32
DEG C, wind speed is 4-6m/s, carries out the moon and dries in the air 6h；
(2) seed rice after step (1) process is placed in the environment that temperature is 30 DEG C, humidity is 42%, is uniformly paved in burlap
On, paving thickness is 6mm, makes burlap be immersed in nutritional solution surface, is stirred once every 6h, and takes out rice before 7 points of every morning
Plant and eluriated once with clear water, the seed rice for having 65% after 5 days grows nursery by spore；
(3) in field mu organic fertilizer 1800kg, and soil deeptillage 40cm, surface soil is dried, makes the Surfaces soil water content be
18%, then to apply in soil surface and remove biogas slurry, mu applies biogas slurry 2600kg, after soil 30cm is ploughed deeply again, continues to shine 3 angel's soil
Top layer water content is 18%, and soil of then raking makees seedbed, and then pad paving 3mm is thick on seedbed, macerate rotten Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell, then little
Paving thickness is the seedling medium of 2cm on wheat grain husk shell；
(4) seedling medium on seedbed is sprayed water so as to which water content reaches saturation, and does not outwards seep water, then will grow spore
Seed rice uniformly remove and turn on the seedling medium in seedbed, it is 20mm to remove the seed rice spacing broadcast, and covers seed rice spore with plant ash, so
Build shed on seedbed afterwards, treat that rice shoot length is high to 7mm after 12 days, it is 40% to control compound seedling medium water content, daily 11 point 30-
14: 30 opening shed two ends are aerated, then rice shoot length is high to 3cm after 15 days, removes shed, controls compound seedling medium water content
35%, rice shoot length is to 5cm after 7 days, you can cultivate Oryza sativa L.；
(5) in field, first mu organic fertilizer 2600kg, N-P-K content are the compound fertilizer 40kg of 15-18-10, are turned over
26cm, whole moisture in the soil of raking, by the substrate on seedbed the substrate block containing 2 plants of rice shoots is cut into, from pad paving stalk layer take out, by
Away to be spread for 10cm, then pour water into field, the depth of water is submergence substrate block；
(6) after 10 days, rice shoot is grown after young leaves, weeding in combination, and 200kg foliage fertilizer A, tillering stage mu are sprayed to rice shoot mu
280kg foliage fertilizer B are sprayed, heading stage mu sprays 260kg foliage fertilizer C, and pustulation period mu sprays 300kg foliage fertilizer D；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, other same Routine Managements.
Further, the seedling medium described in step (1) is made up of following raw material：30 parts of sandy soil, 10 parts of mud,
18 parts of biogas residue, N-P-K content for 15-15-15 2 parts of compound fertilizer, sterilization 10 parts of powder, micro- fertile 1 part；Its preparation process is：First will
Mud carries out 35 DEG C of elevated-temperature seals and ferments 30 days, add sterilization powder, sandy soil be sufficiently mixed it is uniform after, cover film is stacked 7 days,
It is compound fertilizer, micro- fertile mix homogeneously of 15-15-15 by biogas residue, N-P-K content, obtains final product seedling medium.
Further, described micro- fertilizer is made up of following raw material：0.5 part of copper sulfate, 0.1 part of zinc sulfate, calcium nitrate 1
Part, 0.2 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 part of sodium molybdate.
Further, described sterilization powder is made up of following raw material：0.5 part of Realgar powder, 1 part of Radix Aucklandiae powder, Celastrus angulatus
10 parts of powder, 5 parts of camphor powder.
Further, the nutritional solution described in step (4) is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：2 parts of triacontanol, cell point
Split 1 part of element, 0.8 part of salicylic acid, 0.3 part of (1S,2S)-3-oxo-2-(2'-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentan-1-acetate, 100 parts of water.
Further, the foliage fertilizer A described in step (6) is by calcium nitrate 700mg/L, potassium nitrate 550mg/L, magnesium sulfate
350mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 140mg/L, remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer B is by magnesium sulfate 700mg/L, one-lime phosphate
20mg/L, sodium nitrate 580mg/L, Sodium Chloride 100mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 140mg/L, potassium sulfate 350mg/L, remaining be water group
Into；Described foliage fertilizer C by calcium nitrate 800mg/L, potassium nitrate 750mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400mg/L, calcium superphosphate 820mg/L,
Remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer D is by calcium nitrate 960mg/L, potassium nitrate 280mg/L, magnesium sulfate 230mg/L, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 800mg/L, remaining be water composition.
Embodiment 2
A kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability, its method for culturing seedlings comprises the steps：
(1) high-quality seed rice is chosen, after going the removal of impurity, with heavy caliber container the brine ice of concentration 2% is contained, seed rice is uniformly removed in ice
The salt water surface sinks naturally by it, and the flat shell bubbled through the water column is pulled out immediately, then allows the full seed rice being sunken in water in brine ice
Immersion 3h, taking-up paves and is dried in the air ventilation in the moon, drains seed rice surface moisture, is not overlapped by between seed rice and is defined, and ambient temperature is 35
DEG C, wind speed is 6m/s, carries out the moon and dries in the air 8h；
(2) seed rice after step (1) process is placed in the environment that temperature is 34 DEG C, humidity is 48%, is uniformly paved in burlap
On, paving thickness is 8mm, makes burlap be immersed in nutritional solution surface, is stirred once every 6h, and takes out rice before 7 points of every morning
Plant and eluriated once with clear water, the seed rice for having 70% after 6 days grows nursery by spore；
(3) in field mu organic fertilizer 2200kg, and soil deeptillage 45cm, surface soil is dried, makes the Surfaces soil water content be
22%, then to apply in soil surface and remove biogas slurry, mu applies biogas slurry 2800kg, after soil 35cm is ploughed deeply again, continues to shine 5 angel's soil
Top layer water content is 22%, and soil of then raking makees seedbed, and then pad paving 5mm is thick on seedbed, macerate rotten Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell, then little
Paving thickness is the seedling medium of 4cm on wheat grain husk shell；
(4) seedling medium on seedbed is sprayed water so as to which water content reaches saturation, and does not outwards seep water, then will grow spore
Seed rice uniformly remove and turn on the seedling medium in seedbed, it is 25mm to remove the seed rice spacing broadcast, and covers seed rice spore with plant ash, so
Build shed on seedbed afterwards, treat that rice shoot length is high to 10mm after 14 days, it is 60% to control compound seedling medium water content, daily 11 point 30-
14: 30 opening shed two ends are aerated, then rice shoot length is high to 4cm after 15 days, removes shed, controls compound seedling medium water content
40%, rice shoot length is to 6cm after 7 days, you can cultivate Oryza sativa L.；
(5) in field, first mu organic fertilizer 2800kg, N-P-K content are the compound fertilizer 50kg of 15-18-10, are turned over
30cm, whole moisture in the soil of raking, by the substrate on seedbed the substrate block containing 3 plants of rice shoots is cut into, from pad paving stalk layer take out, by
Away to be spread for 14cm, then pour water into field, the depth of water is submergence substrate block；
(6) after 15 days, rice shoot is grown after young leaves, weeding in combination, and 240kg foliage fertilizer A, tillering stage mu are sprayed to rice shoot mu
300kg foliage fertilizer B are sprayed, heading stage mu sprays 290kg foliage fertilizer C, and pustulation period mu sprays 320kg foliage fertilizer D；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, other same Routine Managements.
Further, the seedling medium described in step (1) is made up of following raw material：40 parts of sandy soil, 14 parts of mud,
24 parts of biogas residue, N-P-K content for 15-15-15 4 parts of compound fertilizer, sterilization 14 parts of powder, micro- fertile 3 parts；Its preparation process is：First will
Mud carries out 42 DEG C of elevated-temperature seals and ferments 40 days, add sterilization powder, sandy soil be sufficiently mixed it is uniform after, cover film stacks 10
My god, it is compound fertilizer, micro- fertile mix homogeneously of 15-15-15 by biogas residue, N-P-K content, obtain final product seedling medium.
Further, described micro- fertilizer is made up of following raw material：1 part of copper sulfate, 0.5 part of zinc sulfate, calcium nitrate 3
Part, 0.4 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of sodium molybdate.
Further, described sterilization powder is made up of following raw material：1 part of Realgar powder, 3 parts of Radix Aucklandiae powder, Celastrus angulatus powder
12 parts, 7 parts of camphor powder.
Further, the nutritional solution described in step (4) is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：5 parts of triacontanol, cell point
Split 4 parts of element, 1.3 parts of salicylic acid, 0.7 part of (1S,2S)-3-oxo-2-(2'-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentan-1-acetate, 120 parts of water.
Further, the foliage fertilizer A described in step (6) is by calcium nitrate 750mg/L, potassium nitrate 600mg/L, magnesium sulfate
400mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 160mg/L, remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer B is by magnesium sulfate 740mg/L, one-lime phosphate
26mg/L, sodium nitrate 620mg/L, Sodium Chloride 140mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 180mg/L, potassium sulfate 400mg/L, remaining be water group
Into；Described foliage fertilizer C by calcium nitrate 860mg/L, potassium nitrate 800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 460mg/L, calcium superphosphate 860mg/L,
Remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer D is by calcium nitrate 1000mg/L, potassium nitrate 320mg/L, magnesium sulfate 260mg/L, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 840mg/L, remaining be water composition.
Embodiment 3
A kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability, its method for culturing seedlings comprises the steps：
(1) high-quality seed rice is chosen, after going the removal of impurity, with heavy caliber container the brine ice of concentration 2% is contained, seed rice is uniformly removed in ice
The salt water surface sinks naturally by it, and the flat shell bubbled through the water column is pulled out immediately, then allows the full seed rice being sunken in water in brine ice
Immersion 2.5h, taking-up paves and is dried in the air ventilation in the moon, drains seed rice surface moisture, is not overlapped by between seed rice and is defined, and ambient temperature is
34 DEG C, wind speed is 5m/s, carries out the moon and dries in the air 7h；
(2) seed rice after step (1) process is placed in the environment that temperature is 32 DEG C, humidity is 45%, is uniformly paved in burlap
On, paving thickness is 7mm, makes burlap be immersed in nutritional solution surface, is stirred once every 6h, and takes out rice before 7 points of every morning
Plant and eluriated once with clear water, the seed rice for having 67% after 5 days grows nursery by spore；
(3) in field mu organic fertilizer 2000kg, and soil deeptillage 42cm, surface soil is dried, makes the Surfaces soil water content be
20%, then to apply in soil surface and remove biogas slurry, mu applies biogas slurry 2700kg, after soil 32cm is ploughed deeply again, continues to shine 4 angel's soil
Top layer water content is 20%, and soil of then raking makees seedbed, and then pad paving 4mm is thick on seedbed, macerate rotten Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell, then little
Paving thickness is the seedling medium of 3cm on wheat grain husk shell；
(4) seedling medium on seedbed is sprayed water so as to which water content reaches saturation, and does not outwards seep water, then will grow spore
Seed rice uniformly remove and turn on the seedling medium in seedbed, it is 22mm to remove the seed rice spacing broadcast, and covers seed rice spore with plant ash, so
Build shed on seedbed afterwards, treat that rice shoot length is high to 8mm after 13 days, it is 50% to control compound seedling medium water content, daily 11 point 30-
14: 30 opening shed two ends are aerated, then rice shoot length is high to 3.5cm after 15 days, remove shed, and control seedling medium is aqueous
, 38%, rice shoot length is to 5.6cm after 7 days for amount, you can cultivate Oryza sativa L.；
(5) in field, first mu organic fertilizer 2700kg, N-P-K content are the compound fertilizer 43kg of 15-18-10, are turned over
28cm, whole moisture in the soil of raking, by the substrate on seedbed the substrate block containing 3 plants of rice shoots is cut into, from pad paving stalk layer take out, by
Away to be spread for 12cm, then pour water into field, the depth of water is submergence substrate block；
(6) after 13 days, rice shoot is grown after young leaves, weeding in combination, and 220kg foliage fertilizer A, tillering stage mu are sprayed to rice shoot mu
290kg foliage fertilizer B are sprayed, heading stage mu sprays 275kg foliage fertilizer C, and pustulation period mu sprays 310kg foliage fertilizer D；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, other same Routine Managements.
Further, the seedling medium described in step (1) is made up of following raw material：35 parts of sandy soil, 12 parts of mud,
21 parts of biogas residue, N-P-K content for 15-15-15 3 parts of compound fertilizer, sterilization 12 parts of powder, micro- fertile 2 parts；Its preparation process is：First will
Mud carries out 38 DEG C of elevated-temperature seals and ferments 35 days, add sterilization powder, sandy soil be sufficiently mixed it is uniform after, cover film is stacked 8 days,
It is compound fertilizer, micro- fertile mix homogeneously of 15-15-15 by biogas residue, N-P-K content, obtains final product seedling medium.
Further, described micro- fertilizer is made up of following raw material：0.8 part of copper sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, calcium nitrate 2
Part, 0.3 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of sodium molybdate.
Further, described sterilization powder is made up of following raw material：0.8 part of Realgar powder, 2 parts of Radix Aucklandiae powder, Celastrus angulatus
11 parts of powder, 6 parts of camphor powder.
Further, the nutritional solution described in step (4) is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：3.5 parts of triacontanol, cell
2.5 parts of mitogen, 1 part of salicylic acid, 0.5 part of (1S,2S)-3-oxo-2-(2'-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentan-1-acetate, 110 parts of water.
Further, the foliage fertilizer A described in step (6) is by calcium nitrate 720mg/L, potassium nitrate 580mg/L, magnesium sulfate
370mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150mg/L, remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer B is by magnesium sulfate 720mg/L, one-lime phosphate
23mg/L, sodium nitrate 600mg/L, Sodium Chloride 120mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 160mg/L, potassium sulfate 380mg/L, remaining be water group
Into；Described foliage fertilizer C by calcium nitrate 830mg/L, potassium nitrate 770mg/L, magnesium sulfate 430mg/L, calcium superphosphate 840mg/L,
Remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer D is by calcium nitrate 980mg/L, potassium nitrate 300mg/L, magnesium sulfate 245mg/L, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium 820mg/L, remaining be water composition.
Seedling cultivation of rice is carried out by the method for the invention described above, following data are obtained：
| Accelerating germination rate（%） | Emergence rate（%） | Tiller number after transplanting 60 days（Root） | Sickness rate（%） | Mu is saved plants（g） | Per mu yield（kg) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 72.5 | 95.1 | 14 | 3.1 | 169 | 1160 |
| Embodiment 2 | 72.1 | 94.2 | 19 | 2.8 | 173 | 1203 |
| Embodiment 3 | 71.8 | 94.8 | 18 | 3.2 | 182 | 1186 |
The method of the present invention is simple and practical, it is easy to accomplish, accelerating germination rate is removed to broadcast and saved time up to more than 72%, and emergence rate is up to more than 95%,
Emerge neat, rice shoot stalwartness growing way is good, the seasoned transplanting of rice shoot is without the need for slow seedling, and the strong tap coefficient of tillering ability is high, and resistance cultivates water
Rice saves to be planted, and good stress resistance, Jing sprays foliage fertilizer per mu yield up to 1200kg, and workload more saves time than traditional method, saves labour,
Suitable Anhui northern area cultivates Oryza sativa L..
Claims (6)
1. the strong high-yield rice breeding method of a kind of tillering ability, it is characterised in that its method for culturing seedlings comprises the steps：
(1) high-quality seed rice is chosen, after going the removal of impurity, with heavy caliber container the brine ice of concentration 2% is contained, seed rice is uniformly removed in ice
The salt water surface sinks naturally by it, and the flat shell bubbled through the water column is pulled out immediately, then allows the full seed rice being sunken in water in brine ice
Immersion 2-3h, taking-up paves and is dried in the air ventilation in the moon, drains seed rice surface moisture, is not overlapped by between seed rice and is defined, and ambient temperature is
32-35 DEG C, wind speed is 4-6m/s, carries out the moon and dries in the air 6-8h；
(2) in the seed rice after step (1) process being placed on into temperature for 30-34 DEG C, the environment that humidity is 42-48%, uniformly pave
On burlap, paving thickness is 6-8mm, makes burlap be immersed in nutritional solution surface, is stirred once every 6h, and 7 points of every morning
Front taking-up seed rice is eluriated once with clear water, and the seed rice for having 65-70% after 5-6 days grows nursery by spore；
(3) in field mu organic fertilizer 1800-2200kg, and soil deeptillage 40-45cm, surface soil is dried, make topsoil
Water content is 18-22%, then applies in soil surface and removes biogas slurry, and mu applies biogas slurry 2600-2800kg, and soil 30-35cm is ploughed deeply again
Afterwards, it is 18-22% to continue to shine 3-5 angels Soil reference materials, and soil of then raking makees seedbed, then the pad paving 3- on seedbed
5mm is thick, macerate rotten Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell, then paving thickness is the seedling medium of 2-4cm on Semen Tritici aestivi grain husk shell；
(4) seedling medium on seedbed is sprayed water so as to which water content reaches saturation, and does not outwards seep water, then will grow spore
Seed rice uniformly remove and turn on the seedling medium in seedbed, it is 20-25mm to remove the seed rice spacing broadcast, and with plant ash seed rice bud is covered
Spore, then builds shed on seedbed, treats that rice shoot length is high to 7-10mm after 12-14 days, controls compound seedling medium water content for 40-
60%, daily 11 point 30-14 points 30 are opened shed two ends and are aerated, then rice shoot length is high to 3-4cm after 15 days, remove shed, control
, in 35-40%, rice shoot length is to 5-6cm after 7 days for compound seedling medium water content processed, you can cultivate Oryza sativa L.；
(5) in field, first mu organic fertilizer 2600-2800kg, N-P-K content are the compound fertilizer 40-50kg of 15-18-10,
The 26-30cm that turns over is carried out, the substrate on seedbed is cut into the substrate block containing 2-3 strain rice shoots by whole moisture in the soil of raking, from the straw of pad paving
Stalk layer takes out, and is spread for 10-14cm by spacing, then pours water into field, and the depth of water is submergence substrate block；
(6) after 10-15 days, rice shoot is grown after young leaves, weeding in combination, and 200-240kg foliage fertilizer A are sprayed to rice shoot mu,
Tillering stage mu sprays 280-300kg foliage fertilizer B, and heading stage mu sprays 260-290kg foliage fertilizer C, and pustulation period mu sprays 300-
320kg foliage fertilizer D；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting, other same Routine Managements.
2. a kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (1)
The seedling medium stated is made up of following raw material：Sandy soil 30-40 parts, mud 10-14 parts, biogas residue 18-24 part, N P and K contain
Measure compound fertilizer's 2-4 parts, sterilization powder 10-14 parts, the micro- fertile 1-3 part for 15-15-15；Its preparation process is：First mud is carried out
35-42 DEG C of elevated-temperature seal is fermented 30-40 days, add sterilization powder, sandy soil be sufficiently mixed it is uniform after, cover film stacks 7-10
My god, it is compound fertilizer, micro- fertile mix homogeneously of 15-15-15 by biogas residue, N-P-K content, obtain final product seedling medium.
3. the strong high-yield rice breeding method of a kind of tillering ability according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described micro- fertilizer by
Following raw material is made：Copper sulfate 0.5-1 parts, zinc sulfate 0.1-0.5 parts, calcium nitrate 1-3 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2-
0.4 part, sodium molybdate 0.3-0.5 parts.
4. a kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described sterilization powder
It is made up of following raw material：Realgar powder 0.5-1 parts, Radix Aucklandiae powder 1-3 parts, Celastrus angulatus powder 10-12 parts, camphor powder 5-7 parts.
5. a kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (4)
The nutritional solution stated is made up of the raw material of following weight portion：Triacontanol 2-5 parts, basic element of cell division 1-4 parts, salicylic acid 0.8-1.3
Part, (1S,2S)-3-oxo-2-(2'-cis-pentenyl)cyclopentan-1-acetate 0.3-0.7 parts, water 100-120 parts.
6. a kind of strong high-yield rice breeding method of tillering ability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute in step (6)
The foliage fertilizer A for stating is by calcium nitrate 700-750mg/L, potassium nitrate 550-600mg/L, magnesium sulfate 350-400mg/L, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
140-160mg/L, remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer B by magnesium sulfate 700-740mg/L, one-lime phosphate 20-26mg/L,
Sodium nitrate 580-620mg/L, Sodium Chloride 100-140mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 140-180mg/L, potassium sulfate 350-400mg/L,
Remaining is water composition；Described foliage fertilizer C is by calcium nitrate 800-860mg/L, potassium nitrate 750-800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400-
460mg/L, calcium superphosphate 820-860mg/L, remaining be water composition；Described foliage fertilizer D is by calcium nitrate 960-1000mg/L, nitre
Sour potassium 280-320mg/L, magnesium sulfate 230-260mg/L, calcium superphosphate 800-840mg/L, remaining be water composition.
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| CN108934855A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2018-12-07 | 马鞍山市香泉湖米业有限公司 | A kind of chrome-enriched rice cultivation implantation methods |
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