CN106665070A - Pleionebulbocodioides potted flowers cultivation method - Google Patents
Pleionebulbocodioides potted flowers cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106665070A CN106665070A CN201611144867.XA CN201611144867A CN106665070A CN 106665070 A CN106665070 A CN 106665070A CN 201611144867 A CN201611144867 A CN 201611144867A CN 106665070 A CN106665070 A CN 106665070A
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- pseudobulb
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pleionebulbocodioides potted flowers cultivation method. The method comprises the steps of 1, selection of pseudo bulbs; 2, allocation of base materials; 3, selection of flower pots; 4, potting; 5, cultivating;6, water and fertilizer management; 7, shaping and adjusting; and 8, prevention of plant diseases and insect pests. The quality of pleionebulbocodioides can be improved, the flower period can be prolonged, and the ornamental value of the pleionebulbocodioides potted flowers is increased by the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower.
Background technology
Pleione bulbocodioides (Pleionebulbocodioides) also known as Aspidlsiraelatior, orchid family Pleion plant but pleione bulbocodioides are given birth to more
On the rock wall that lichen covers in the rock edge being longer than more than humus or mountain stream basin, height above sea level 1800-2500 rice is mainly distributed on four
The river west and south and northwestern Yunnan Province；Its coniform avette pseudobulb height is up to 3.0-4.0cm, straight stem 2.0-2.5cm, fresh weight
4.0-5.0g, dry weight 1.5-1.9g；Being dried pseudobulb has the effects such as heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, dissipating phlegm and resolving masses.Its scape is upright, and top is normal
Open 1 flower, petal piece is lanceolar, in lilac red, flower aubergine, petal falls lanceolar for sickle shaped, lip subcircular,
Color and luster is shallower but has purple red color spot and white gusset, and the straight stem of corolla is 6-8cm, and flower pattern is peculiar, beautiful in colour, and the natural florescence is 4-
May, the single flower florescence is longer, and blade is smaller when blooming, and belongs to and first spend posterior lobe type.
If changing its planting environment, larger is affected on its florescence, cultivated according to existing floriculture method solely
Bulbus Allii is blue, may cause its occur the florescence it is shorter, it is poor quality the problems such as, it is impossible to meet people and demand viewed and admired to it.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, can be effective
Solve pleione bulbocodioides when planting environment changes, appearance it is poor quality, the florescence is shorter, it is impossible to meets people and views and admires demand to it
Problem.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, comprises the following steps：
(1) pseudobulb is selected
The pseudobulb for choosing more than 2.5g is standby；
(2) substrate is configured
It is 6.0~7.0 to adjust substrate pH value, and using first 3 days substrate is being carried out disinfection with disinfectant, the substrate bag
Humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil are included, wherein, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 3
~5：3~5：1~3；
(3) flowerpot is selected
Light color, basin height and the straight stem of basin mouth is selected to be 8*8cm and the vinyon basin conduct for there are multiple prefabricated osculums
Planting container, and be padded on vinyon basin bottom part with haydite, forms the air-permeable layer of 1.0~1.5cm, according to plant height with
Basin is at high proportion 3:2 principle, 1~3 plant of plantation, every plant of 4~5cm of spacing, pseudobulb is 2~2.5cm with the distance of basin edge；
(4) basin on
Pseudobulb is planted in basin soil, the thickness of earth-fill cover of pseudobulb is concordant with root neck to be defined just to cover its root system, and
And its root system is laid in soil, distance is 1~2cm between soil surface, then in basin adds substrate full to basin again；
(5) cultivate
Pseudobulb after upper basin is placed in greenhouse, 15~20 DEG C of greenhouse temperature daytime, 15~20 DEG C of evening, relative humidity
90%~95%, 3000~3300lx of light intensity, 80~150ppm of gas concentration lwevel on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel 200~
300ppm, daily 14~16h of illumination, morning 6 of the greenhouse after per 3 days:00~7:Take a breath once when 00, by false squama in greenhouse
Stem culture is to bud stage；
(6) water and fertilizer management
On pseudobulb after basin, root water is once poured, during culture, ventilation water poured once per 15 days, until bud with
Till leaf bud starts growth；
Pleione bulbocodioides bud stage and early stage of blooming apply pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer without the need for fertilising, florescence and new bulb growth phase, will
Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer and water are 1 in mass ratio:100 mixing, are adsorbed with dry haydite, will be dry according still further to the dose of every 1~2g of basin
Haydite is loaded in vinyon basin；The pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, biphosphate
Potassium and sodium dihydrogen phosphate；Wherein, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate
For 1.0：1.0：1.0：0.3：1.0：0.5；
(7) shaping is adjusted
Its scape is smeared in pleione bulbocodioides bud stage with the gibberellins of 50mg/L, is smeared three times, smeared once per 4 days, until
Corolla bursts forth completely；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease control：With Bravo, zineb or carbendazim spraying plant, leaf spot is prevented and treated；Use 70% thiophanate methyl
Wettable powder or Mancozeb spraying blade, prevent and treat anthrax；
Pest control：Planting environment ventilation is kept, then uses manila board gluing, trap and kill aphid, when worm amount increases, killed using enemy
It is dead to kill aphid.
Further, the pseudobulb of harvesting is classified as by weight superfine, one-level, two grades and three-level in step (1)；Wherein
Superfine is more than 4.0g, and one-level is 2.5g~4.0g, and two grades is 1.0g~2.5g, and three-level is below 1.0g.
Further, disinfectant includes 50% carbendazol wettable powder and water in step (2)；Wherein, 50% carbendazim
Wettable powder and water weight ratio are 1:1000.
Further, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 4 in step (2) substrate：4：2.
Further, step (5) medium temperature chamber condition is：Greenhouse experiment is：20 DEG C of day temperature, 15 DEG C of evening temperature, phase
To humidity 90%, light intensity 3100lx, gas concentration lwevel 150ppm on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel 280ppm, daily illumination
16h。
Further, root water described in step (6) and ventilation water are the soft water that pH value is 6.0~7.0.
Further, simultaneously also with green plastic support bar and dovetail clip Auxiliary support scape in step (7).
The pleione bulbocodioides potted flower obtained using above-mentioned cultural method culture.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil are mixed in proportion the culture matrix as pleione bulbocodioides, can be in people
The kind of pleione bulbocodioides is kept under work cultivation condition, meanwhile, the growth of pleione bulbocodioides root system is promoted, pleione bulbocodioides are improved in summer
Survival rate, can also effectively lift the flowering quality of pleione bulbocodioides, extend its florescence.
Scape is shorter when blooming because of pleione bulbocodioides, so in bud stage, using gibberellins scape is smeared, increases scape length
Degree, lifts the appreciation effect of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, meanwhile, also with green plastic support bar and dovetail clip Auxiliary support scape, make flower
Sequence is more stood upright, and lifts the sight of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower.
Subpackage is carried out to haydite by the fertilizer amount of every 1~2g of basin, be both avoided that unskilled consumers purchase spend after apply fertilizer overrich,
It is excessive and excessively frequent, cause fertilizer damage to burn root dead leaf, or even the danger that Herb is dead, and cost of growing flower can be reduced.
The method of the present invention can effectively lift the quality of pleione bulbocodioides, extend its florescence, and that improves pleione bulbocodioides potted flower views and admires valency
Value.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, comprises the following steps：
(1) pseudobulb is selected
Pseudobulb is both the nutrition organs and organ of multiplication of pleione bulbocodioides, and the quality of pseudobulb is directly connected to the matter of potted flower
Amount, therefore, answer great care during harvesting pseudobulb.
After pleione bulbocodioides blade yellowing comes off, pseudobulb is carefully harvested, note protecting plumelet, it is impossible to by pseudobulb
Bud removes or destroys, and otherwise new plant and new bulb can not be formed；Keep root system complete as far as possible, root organ can be bud and new
The growth of root absorbs and supplies moisture and nutrition, plant is smoothly completed succession of the old by the new and is updated；Pseudobulb is thin except surface layer
Born of the same parents' comparatively dense, with defencive function outside, pseudobulb inside be made up of the higher parenchyma cell of water content substantially, resist the energy of pathogenic bacteria
Power is relatively low, and wound is easily caused pathogenic bacteria invasion, it is thus impossible to form wound on pseudobulb.
The pseudobulb of results is divided into into four groups by quality, superfine：Pseudobulb of the quality more than or equal to 4.0g；One-level：Quality
More than or equal to pseudobulbs of the 2.5g less than 4g；Two grades：Pseudobulb of the quality more than or equal to 1.0g less than 2.5g；Three-level：Quality is little
In 1.0 pseudobulb.
Under Proterozoic weather conditions, using Proterozoic soil incubation, the pseudobulb of above-mentioned 4 grades is planted to same
Find in plot, using same management method, count when May blooms, it the results are shown in Table 1；Found by table 1, flowering quality,
Florescence and flowering rate are optimal with superfine pseudobulb, its scape most it is long it is most hard, upright degree is good, corolla is maximum, color is good, the florescence most
It is long, flowering rate 100%；Firsts and seconds is all preferable, and scape is harder, be of moderate length, corolla is larger, pattern good, florescence length, bloom
Rate more than 85%；Three-level is worst, and softer shorter, the upright effect of scape is bad, corolla is minimum, pattern is shallower, the florescence is shorter, blooms
Rate is low, and only 50%.So preferred superfine pseudobulb during plantation, but because superfine pseudobulb limited amount, firsts and seconds is false
Bulb is better suited selection Object of Development.
Therefore, during plantation, the pseudobulb for choosing 3.5g is standby.
(2) select and configure substrate
Lichen and the retention of pleione bulbocodioides aulophyte group predominantly on rock wall from the point of view of the soil of pleione bulbocodioides wild environment
Thin loam, the thin loam and leaf mould on border cliff, soil layer is relatively thin, and plant part root system is all exposed or the absorption of half bare area
On cliff, pseudobulb is flickering among lichen.
Select pearlite interstitial substance, fertile soil substrate, Proterozoic soil matrix, fertile soil and Vermiculitum mixed-matrix, fertile soil,
Vermiculitum and Proterozoic mixing with soil substrate, and 5 kinds of substrate pH value are adjusted to into 6.0~7.0, wherein, humus and Vermiculitum
Volume ratio is 1:1, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and Proterozoic soil is 4:4:2；Using first 3 days, sprayed with disinfectant
5 kinds of substrate are stated, is carried out disinfection.
Disinfectant includes the carbendazol wettable powder (purchased from the rich agro-chemical companies of love) and water of effective content 50%, will be effective
The carbendazol wettable powder of content 50% is added to the water, and stirs, wherein, the mass ratio of carbendazol wettable powder and water
For 1：1000.
The pseudobulb of 3.5g is chosen, each plantation 20 in above-mentioned 5 kinds of substrate, then substrate is fitted in disc type planting groove,
The hypothalluses of 10cm thickness are formed, planting groove is put in the cloudy canopy of high 1.8m, and cloudy canopy is built by sunshade net, and shading rate is
60%, timely moisturizing increases air humidity during unified fertilizing, watering, more summer, and adds a cover double-deck shading net cooling, observes and counts
One annual period pleione bulbocodioides growth and survival state, it the results are shown in Table 2.
It can be seen from table 2, in addition to perlite, remaining substrate affects substantially on flowering quality, but the growth to new ball and
Quality has significantly impact, wherein, humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic mixing with soil substrate can be under artificial cultivation conditions
The kind of pleione bulbocodioides, more summer storage rate highest are kept, and other substrate have the phenomenon of bulb deterioration, therefore, cultivate pseudobulb
When, with humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic mixing with soil substrate as optimal medium matter.
(3) flowerpot is selected
The plant height at pleione bulbocodioides florescence is less than 12cm, and the straight stem of corolla is 6~8cm, and pattern is bright-coloured, and blade is spoilt during the florescence
It is little, colored principle is seen according to focusing on, light flowerpot should be selected, the flowerpot with pure white color system is optimal；From the plant scale of construction and kind
From the point of view of planting the size matching of container, according to plant height and basin a height of 3:2 principle, single-strain planting needs to select basin high and basin
The flowerpot of the straight stem 8cm*8cm of mouth, if 2-3 strains plant, is also suitable for selecting the high flowerpot with the straight stem 8cm*8cm of basin mouth of basin.
Secondly, plant flowerpot and be preferably selected hard, basin bottom central authorities height, edge is low, and with multiple prefabricated osculums
Vinyon basin, the basin is good and cheap, should not crush, and is easy to carry, and can preferably protect plant, then haydite is soaked in water
Take out after 12-24 hours, with haydite pad in flowerpot bottom, as the air-permeable layer of 1.0-1.5cm.
(4) basin on
In the culture of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, the process of root system, planting density and depth are extremely important；With long 20-25cm's
Small wooden separates pseudobulb root system, in being gently put into basin soil so as to which root system toward surrounding distribution, notices that root system can not be pressed close to as far as possible
Basin edge, just to cover root system, root neck is concordant is defined with its, it is impossible to cover pseudobulb for the thickness of earth-fill cover of pseudobulb, in order to avoid pseudobulb
Rot, meanwhile, pseudobulb root system is laid in soil shallow top layer, is 1~2cm with the distance between soil surface.
Then add substrate in basin to basinful, shake basin body, make substrate consolidation, forefinger and middle finger are together on the inside of basin edge
Pressing, the belt feedwater shallow ridges of formation one makes substrate in basin be in middle height, around low dome shape, also, it is noted that after upper basin only
The substrate of nearly basin edge can be pressed against, in order to avoid hinder root.
The planting density of pseudobulb is：Superfine pseudobulb is adapted to single-strain planting, i.e. 1 plant of 1 basin, high with basin to be with the straight stem of basin mouth
The flowerpot of 8cm*8cm, pseudobulb is positioned over flowerpot center；Firsts and seconds pseudobulb is adapted to 3 plants of plantations, i.e. 3 plants of 1 basin,
Flowerpot high with basin and that the straight stem of basin mouth is 8cm*8cm, 3 pseudobulb triangularity arrangements, spacing 4.0-5.0cm, each false squama
The distance between stem and basin edge are 2.0-2.5cm；Three-level pseudobulb can be planted for more than 3 plants simultaneously, and during plantation, pseudobulb is simultaneously
It is put into, and root system can intersect in flowerpot.
(5) cultivate
Pseudobulb after upper basin is placed in into temperature (morning 5 on daytime:00 to evening 21:00) 20 DEG C, in (evening 21 in the evening:00
To the next morning 5:00) 15 DEG C, relative humidity 90%, gas concentration lwevel 150ppm on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel
In the greenhouse of 280ppm, under conditions of light intensity 3100lx, daily light application time section is morning 5:00 to evening 21:00, altogether
16h, morning 6 of the greenhouse after per 3 days:00~7:Take a breath once when 00, by pseudobulb culture to bud stage in greenhouse.
(6) water and fertilizer management
On pseudobulb after basin, root water is once poured, during culture, ventilation water poured once per 15 days, until bud with
Till leaf bud starts growth, ventilation water and root water are poured with the water pipe of 150mm mouth stems from basin edge, until basin bottom has
Till significantly current are discharged, to keep substrate to moisten；Try not to be poured onto on pseudobulb when watering, and root water and ventilation water
It is the soft water that pH value is 6.0~7.0.
Nutrient needed for pleione bulbocodioides are bloomed mainly is supplied by pseudobulb, and the nutrient of bud stage and early stage substrate of blooming is entirely capable of
Needed for supplying its growth, therefore cultivate and need not be applied fertilizer to before blooming, when culture to alabastrum is expanded when just opening, you can sale,
In order that pleione bulbocodioides do not take off after sale fertilizer, realize that trophophase balances fertilizer, florescence and new bulb growth phase follow it is thin apply principle, apply
Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer.
Pleione bulbocodioides bud stage and early stage of blooming apply pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer without the need for fertilising, florescence and new bulb growth phase, will
Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer and water are 1 in mass ratio:100 mixing, are adsorbed with dry haydite, calculate suction of per the dry haydite to fertilizer
Amount, according still further to the dose of every basin 2g, dry haydite is loaded in vinyon basin, watering substrate of be dissolvable in water after drenching
In；Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, wherein, urine
Element, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate mass ratio are 1.0：1.0：1.0：0.3：1.0：
0.5。
(7) shaping is adjusted
Scape is shorter when pleione bulbocodioides are bloomed, and affects the ornamental value of potted flower, is to increase its flower stem length, in bud stage,
Its scape is smeared with the gibberellins of 50mg/L, is smeared three times, smeared once per 4 days, until corolla bursts forth completely, meanwhile, also use
Dovetail clip and length are the green plastic support bar Auxiliary support scape of 15cm, make inflorescence more stand upright.
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease control
Leaf spot：Leaf spot is to cultivate incidental a kind of fungal disease during pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, main harm
The blade of pleione bulbocodioides, is typically susceptible in hot and humid environmental condition；To prevent plant with leaf spot, Bravo can be used
1000 times of liquid spraying plant, monthly, if there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease respectively with zineb and carbendazim 500-
600 times of liquid replace spraying plant, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Anthrax：Anthrax is also the Major Diseases for endangering pleione bulbocodioides, and the fleck of black occurs during morbidity on leaf,
There is brown circle scab in initial stage, and the later stage black point occurs, easily falls ill under high humidity hot conditionss, keeps the logical of planting environment
Wind is breathed freely and cuts off disease leaf in time can prevent anthrax；If there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease, 70% methyl is used respectively
600-800 times of liquid of thiophanate wettable powder and Mancozeb replaces spraying blade, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Pest control
Aphid：Aphid breeds quickly, typically occurs at the florescence, endangers spire and petal, and easily induces sooty mould, affects to plant
Strain growth promoter, keeps planting environment ventilation, then uses manila board gluing, can trap and kill aphid, when worm amount increases, enemy may also be employed
Kill 800 times of liquid to spray 1~2 time, you can kill aphid.
Embodiment 2
(1) pseudobulb is selected
After pleione bulbocodioides leaf abscission, pseudobulb is harvested, the pseudobulb for choosing 3.0g is standby；
(2) substrate is configured
It is 6.0 to adjust substrate pH value, and using first 3 days substrate is being carried out disinfection with disinfectant, and the substrate includes corruption
Grow matter, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil；Wherein, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 3：3：
1；
(3) flowerpot is selected
Light color, basin height and the straight stem of basin mouth is selected to be 8*8cm and the vinyon basin conduct for there are multiple prefabricated osculums
Planting container, and be padded on vinyon basin bottom part with haydite, forms the air-permeable layer of 1.0~1.5cm, according to plant height with
Basin is at high proportion 3:2 principle, 1~3 plant of plantation, every plant of 4~5cm of spacing, and the distance of pseudobulb and basin edge be 2~
2.5cm；
(4) basin on
Pseudobulb is planted in basin soil, the thickness of earth-fill cover of pseudobulb is concordant with root neck to be defined just to cover its root system, and
And its root system is laid in soil, distance is 1cm between soil surface, then in basin adds substrate full to basin again；
(5) cultivate
Pseudobulb after upper basin is placed in greenhouse, 15 DEG C of Greenhouse day temperature, 15 DEG C of evening temperature, relative humidity
95%th, light intensity 3000lx, gas concentration lwevel 80ppm on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel 200ppm, daily illumination 14h, greenhouse
Morning 6 after per 3 days:00~7:Take a breath once when 00, by pseudobulb culture to bud stage in greenhouse；
(6) water and fertilizer management
On pseudobulb after basin, root water is once poured, during culture, ventilation water poured once per 15 days, until bud with
Leaf bud starts growth；
Pleione bulbocodioides bud stage and early stage of blooming apply pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer without the need for fertilising, florescence and new bulb growth phase, will
Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer and water are 1 in mass ratio:100 mixing, are adsorbed with dry haydite, according still further to every basin 1g dose by dry haydite
Loaded in vinyon basin；The pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer include carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate；Wherein, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is
1.0：1.0：1.0：0.3：1.0：0.5；
(7) shaping is adjusted
Its scape is smeared in pleione bulbocodioides bud stage with the gibberellins of 50mg/L, is smeared three times, smeared once per 4 days, until
Corolla bursts forth completely；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease control
Leaf spot：Leaf spot is to cultivate incidental a kind of fungal disease during pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, main harm
The blade of pleione bulbocodioides, is typically susceptible in hot and humid environmental condition；To prevent plant with leaf spot, Bravo can be used
1000 times of liquid spraying plant, monthly, if there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease respectively with zineb and carbendazim 500-
600 times of liquid replace spraying plant, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Anthrax：Anthrax is also the Major Diseases for endangering pleione bulbocodioides, and the fleck of black occurs during morbidity on leaf,
There is brown circle scab in initial stage, and the later stage black point occurs, easily falls ill under high humidity hot conditionss, keeps the logical of planting environment
Wind is breathed freely and cuts off disease leaf in time can prevent anthrax；If there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease, 70% methyl is used respectively
600-800 times of liquid of thiophanate wettable powder and Mancozeb replaces spraying blade, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Pest control
Aphid：Aphid breeds quickly, typically occurs at the florescence, endangers spire and petal, and easily induces sooty mould, affects to plant
Strain growth promoter, keeps planting environment ventilation, then uses manila board gluing, can trap and kill aphid, when worm amount increases, enemy may also be employed
Kill 800 times of liquid to spray 1~2 time, you can kill aphid.
Embodiment 3
(1) pseudobulb is selected
After pleione bulbocodioides leaf abscission, pseudobulb is harvested, the pseudobulb for choosing 2.5g is standby；
(2) substrate is configured
It is 7.0 to adjust substrate pH value, and using first 3 days substrate is being carried out disinfection with disinfectant, and the substrate includes corruption
Grow matter, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil；Wherein, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 5：5：
3；
(3) flowerpot is selected
Light color, basin height and the straight stem of basin mouth is selected to be 8*8cm and the vinyon basin conduct for there are multiple prefabricated osculums
Planting container, and be padded on vinyon basin bottom part with haydite, forms the air-permeable layer of 1.0~1.5cm, according to plant height with
Basin is at high proportion 3:2 principle, 1~3 plant of plantation, every plant of 4~5cm of spacing, and the distance of pseudobulb and basin edge be 2~
2.5cm；
(4) basin on
Pseudobulb is planted in basin soil, the thickness of earth-fill cover of pseudobulb is concordant with root neck to be defined just to cover its root system, and
And its root system is laid in soil, distance is 2cm between soil surface, then in basin adds substrate full to basin again；
(5) cultivate
Pseudobulb after upper basin is placed in greenhouse, 20 DEG C of Greenhouse day temperature, 20 DEG C of evening temperature, relative humidity
93%th, light intensity 3300lx, gas concentration lwevel 140ppm on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel 300ppm, daily illumination 15h, temperature
Morning 6 of the room after per 3 days:00~7:Take a breath once when 00, by pseudobulb culture to bud stage in greenhouse；
(6) water and fertilizer management
On pseudobulb after basin, root water is once poured, during culture, ventilation water poured once per 15 days, until bud with
Leaf bud starts growth；
Pleione bulbocodioides bud stage and early stage of blooming apply pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer without the need for fertilising, florescence and new bulb growth phase, will
Pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer and water are 1 in mass ratio:100 mixing, are adsorbed with dry haydite, according still further to every basin 1.5g dose by dry pottery
Grain is loaded in vinyon basin；The pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer includes carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
And sodium dihydrogen phosphate；Wherein, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is
1.0：1.0：1.0：0.3：1.0：0.5；
(7) shaping is adjusted
Its scape is smeared in pleione bulbocodioides bud stage with the gibberellins of 50mg/L, is smeared three times, smeared once per 4 days, until
Corolla bursts forth completely；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease control：Leaf spot：Leaf spot is incidental a kind of fungal disease during culture pleione bulbocodioides potted flower,
The blade of main harm pleione bulbocodioides, is typically susceptible in hot and humid environmental condition；To prevent plant with leaf spot, can
With 1000 times of liquid spraying plant of Bravo, monthly, if there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease respectively with zineb and many bacterium
Clever 500-600 times of liquid replaces spraying plant, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Anthrax：Anthrax is also the Major Diseases for endangering pleione bulbocodioides, and the fleck of black occurs during morbidity on leaf,
There is brown circle scab in initial stage, and the later stage black point occurs, easily falls ill under high humidity hot conditionss, keeps the logical of planting environment
Wind is breathed freely and cuts off disease leaf in time can prevent anthrax；If there are Disease symptoms, at the initial stage of a disease, 70% methyl is used respectively
600-800 times of liquid of thiophanate wettable powder and Mancozeb replaces spraying blade, per 5 days once, 3-4 next course for the treatment of.
Pest control：Aphid：Aphid breeds quickly, typically occurs at the florescence, endangers spire and petal, and it is dirty easily to induce coal
Disease, affects vine growth and development, uses manila board gluing, can trap and kill aphid, when worm amount increases, 800 times of decis may also be employed
Liquid sprays 1~2 time, you can kill aphid.
The different brackets pleione bulbocodioides flowering quality of table 1 and flowering rate are counted
The indices statistics of pleione bulbocodioides under the different substrates culture of table 2
Old ball is the pseudobulb of plantation in table 2, and new ball is newborn pseudobulb.
Experimental example
The pseudobulb that 20 weight are 3.8g is taken, the method that traditional cultivation method and present invention offer is respectively adopted is entered to it
Row culture, observes and counts florescence and flowering rate, and it the results are shown in Table 3.
The florescence of pleione bulbocodioides and flowering rate under the different disposal method of table 3
As shown in Table 3, the cultural method that the present invention is provided can effectively lift pleione bulbocodioides flowering rate, extend its florescence, meanwhile,
It is 100% that it gets over summer storage rate, improves the economic worth of pleione bulbocodioides, reduces toxigenic capacity.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) pseudobulb is selected
After pleione bulbocodioides leaf abscission, pseudobulb is harvested, the pseudobulb for choosing more than 2.5g is standby；
(2) substrate is configured
It is 6.0~7.0 to adjust substrate pH value, and using first 3 days substrate is being carried out disinfection with disinfectant, and the substrate includes corruption
Grow matter, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil；Wherein, the volume ratio of humus, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 3~5：
3~5：1~3；
(3) flowerpot is selected
Select light color, basin high and the straight stem of basin mouth is 8*8cm and has the vinyon basin of multiple prefabricated osculums as plantation
Container, and vinyon basin bottom part is padded on haydite, the air-permeable layer of 1.0~1.5cm is formed, high according to plant height and basin
Ratio is 3:2 principle, 1~3 plant of plantation, every plant of 4~5cm of spacing, and pseudobulb is 2~2.5cm with the distance of basin edge；
(4) basin on
Pseudobulb is planted in basin soil, the thickness of earth-fill cover of pseudobulb is concordant with root neck to be defined just to cover its root system, and its
Root system is laid in soil, and distance is 1~2cm between soil surface, then in basin adds substrate full to basin again；
(5) cultivate
Pseudobulb after upper basin is placed in greenhouse, 15~20 DEG C of greenhouse temperature daytime, 15~20 DEG C of evening, relative humidity 90%
~95%, 3000~3300lx of light intensity, 80~150ppm of gas concentration lwevel on daytime, evening gas concentration lwevel 200~
300ppm, daily 14~16h of illumination, morning 6 of the greenhouse after per 3 days:00~7:Take a breath once when 00, by false squama in greenhouse
Stem culture is to bud stage；
(6) water and fertilizer management
On pseudobulb after basin, root water is once poured, and during culture, ventilation water was poured once per 15 days, until bud and leaf bud
Start growth；
Pleione bulbocodioides bud stage and early stage of blooming apply pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer without the need for fertilising, florescence and new bulb growth phase, by DUSUAN
Blue special fertilizer and water are 1 in mass ratio:100 mixing, are adsorbed with dry haydite, according still further to every 1~2g of basin dose by dry haydite
Loaded in vinyon basin；The pleione bulbocodioides special fertilizer include carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate；Wherein, the mass ratio of carbamide, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate is
1.0：1.0：1.0：0.3：1.0：0.5；
(7) shaping is adjusted
Its scape is smeared in pleione bulbocodioides bud stage with the gibberellins of 50mg/L, is smeared three times, smeared once per 4 days, until corolla
Burst forth completely；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Disease control：With Bravo, zineb or carbendazim spraying plant, leaf spot is prevented and treated；It is wettable with 70% thiophanate methyl
Property powder or Mancozeb spraying blade, prevent and treat anthrax；
Pest control：Planting environment ventilation is kept, then uses manila board gluing, trap and kill aphid, when worm amount increases, killed using decis
Go out aphid.
2. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The false squama of harvesting in step (1)
Stem is classified as by weight superfine, one-level, two grades and three-level；Wherein superfine is more than 4.0g, and one-level is 2.5g~4.0g, two grades
For 1.0g~2.5g, three-level is below 1.0g.
3. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Disinfectant described in step (2)
Including 50% carbendazol wettable powder and water；Wherein, 50% carbendazol wettable powder and water weight ratio are 1:1000.
4. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is rotten in step (2) substrate
The volume ratio for growing matter, Vermiculitum and pleione bulbocodioides Proterozoic soil is 4：4：2.
5. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (5) medium temperature chamber condition is：
20 DEG C of day temperature, 15 DEG C of evening temperature, relative humidity 90%, light intensity 3100lx, gas concentration lwevel 150ppm on daytime, evening
Gas concentration lwevel 280ppm, daily illumination 16h.
6. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Root water described in step (6)
The soft water that pH value is 6.0~7.0 is with ventilation water.
7. the cultural method of pleione bulbocodioides potted flower according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Simultaneously also with green in step (7)
Color plastic support rods and dovetail clip Auxiliary support scape.
8. the pleione bulbocodioides potted flower for being obtained using the cultural method culture described in any one of claim 1~7.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110024675A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybrid orchid tiltedly plants the method for inspiring seedling |
| CN114586627A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-07 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Planting method for promoting growth and effective component accumulation of Pleione |
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| CN110024675A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of hybrid orchid tiltedly plants the method for inspiring seedling |
| CN110024675B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2021-03-05 | 福建省农业科学院作物研究所 | Method for promoting hybrid orchid to grow seedlings in inclined planting mode |
| CN114586627A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-07 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Planting method for promoting growth and effective component accumulation of Pleione |
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