CN106665017A - Method for cultivating high-yield potato tomatoes through vegetative propagation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating high-yield potato tomatoes through vegetative propagation, and relates to a breeding technique in the field of crops. Potatoes are adopted as stock, tomatoes are adopted as scions, distant related vegetative propagation is carried out, and therefore the high-yield character of the potatoes is transferred to the tomatoes. The problem of plant grafting between different genera is solved, and the result shows that potato tomato grafted seedlings grow vigorously, the height of mature plants is 2 m or above, tomato fruits do not crack, the yield is obviously increased, and potato tubers on root systems are mature at the same time. According to the cultivated potato tomato plants, the tomatoes are borne on the upper portions, potatoes grow on roots, two kinds of fruits are borne overground and underground on the same plants, and the method has the advantages of saving land and fertilizer, improving quality and increasing the yield and being very obvious in economic benefit. The method has the following advantages that the breeding technique is easy to operate, low in cost and short in cultivating period, and high-yield excellent potato tomato variety resources can be bred in the current year.

Description

The method that high yield Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is cultivated using asexual propagation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of edge breeding technique remote between the category in crops field, is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti Remote edge asexual propagation is carried out, so as to cultivate a kind of method of high yield Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.

Background technology

Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, Solanaceae Solanum is in the world in addition to corn, as the most important of mankind's staple food Cereal crops, extensively plant in the whole world, and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is extremely strong to the adaptability of soil, and its yield is very high, It is a kind of carrier for preferably improveing other crops.

Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Solanaceae tomato genus, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is one of large kind of the main vegetable of the mankind, but Fructus Lycopersici esculenti exists The substantial amounts of fertilizer of necessary for growth, and part tomato variety, in maturation, fruit is easy to crack not Easily storage, additionally, the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti takes measures further to improve.

In order to improve the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, we by the way of asexual hybridization, using Rhizoma Solani tuber osi as stock, Using Fructus Lycopersici esculenti as scion, remote edge asexual propagation is carried out, so as to the high yield characteristics of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi are transferred to kind Eggplant comes up, and the difficult point of the technology is Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is the equal plant not belonged to together, and grafting is difficult To survive, the precedent of grafting survival is there is no so far both at home and abroad, our scheme is to Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti Seedling stage grafting is carried out, because it is in plasticity most strong period, its nutrient substance and hereditary information Exchange is also most active period, is just possibly realized variation, while grafting is successfully possibly realized, Our scientific research result shows that the growth of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Tomato Grafting Seedling is vigorous, and ripe plant is up to more than 2 meters, , without cracking, substantially, the tuber of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is also simultaneously ripe particularly in soil for output increased for tamato fruit, The solid Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in this top, the vegetative propagation technique of root growth Rhizoma Solani tuber osi has accomplished a plant ground Two kinds of upper underground is solid, is characterized in saving soil, saves fertilizer, improve quality, increases yield.

The content of the invention

It is characteristic of the invention that successfully two plant grafts not belonged to together of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti to Rise, this distant grafting belongs to grafting forbidden zone, before this, also without successful precedent, it Great advantage is that to be combined into the advantage between remote edge plant new with powerful heterotic new product Kind, the technology has successfully been transferred to the high yield characteristics of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi on Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, makes the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti big Width is improved, and its upper grown Fructus Lycopersici esculenti on a grafting plant, root growth Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, economical Benefit is fairly obvious.

The technical scheme is that：

Excellent Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and tomato variety, the tuber of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi is selected to want full indefectible first.Due to Distant grafting success rate is low, and it is long to heal into current, therefore requires laboratory environment, including air, all Apparatus, water quality, personnel and medicated clothing, culture operation vessel etc. will do asepticization process, strictly disappear Poison, just can guarantee that grafting success, and grafting is healthy and strong to grow up.

The potato tuberss for choosing are carried out accelerating germination, is colonized, the same period will also carry out tomato seedling, letter Yan Zhi, will make the growth time of potato seedling and tomato seedling consistent, then in Seedling Stage with horse Bell potato is stock, and by scion of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti grafting is carried out, and grafting is entered using the combined method of cut-grafting and cleft grafting OK, grafting plant carries out Routine Management until maturation in field, the upper grown Fructus Lycopersici esculenti of grafting plant, Root growth Rhizoma Solani tuber osi, has accomplished that two kinds of a plant above ground underground is solid, be characterized in save soil, Save fertilizer, improve quality, increase yield.

The present invention has following features：The breeding technique is simple to operate, with low cost, and cultivation period is short, The excellent Rhizoma Solani tuber osi tomato variety resource of high yield can be selected then.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is solid Rhizoma Solani tuber osi tomato plant, and plant is up to more than 2 meters, its upper grown Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, root growth Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.

Fig. 2 is the feature of graft union, and 1 is scion Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in figure, and 2 is graft union, and 3 are Stock Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.

Specific embodiment

Below the present invention is described further, and its specific embodiment is as follows：

1, the selection of stock and scion：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is cultivated using the method for asexual hybridization, So during Selection parent, the improved seeds for adapting to local environmental conditions, potato tuberss must be selected It is intended to tomato seeds full indefectible.

2, because distant grafting success rate is extremely low, it is long to heal into current, therefore requires laboratory environment, Nothing will be done including air, all apparatus, water quality, personnel and medicated clothing, culture operation vessel etc. Bacteriumization process, strict sterilization, just can guarantee that grafting smoothly survives, healthy and strong after healing to grow up.

3, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi accelerating germination is carried out before grafting and is colonized and tomato seedling is carried out using conventional method：

(1), Rhizoma Solani tuber osi accelerating germination：By potato seed stripping and slicing, to promote oxygen exchange inside and outside tuber, break Except dormancy, the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery of stripping and slicing adopts centripetal rip cutting, and each stripping and slicing must be excellent with a top The eye of gesture, stripping and slicing will be more greatly so as to which nutrition deposit is sufficient, is specifically cut into 30-40 gram and is advisable, Then after the kind block for cutting being put into into 0.1-0.2% potassium permanganate liquids seed soaking 10-15 minutes, will plant Block is put into culture operation vessel sandy soil and covers placement, and temperature is 20 ° -25 °, and humidity is 60-70%, 10 days or so can rudiment.

(2), Rhizoma Solani tuber osi field planting：Rhizoma Solani tuber osi belongs to the crop intolerant to continuous cropping, is colonized the field of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Ground must select not planting the plot of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and other solanaceous crops in 3 years, the horse of rudiment The germination of bell potato kind block is sown into upwards field, and field planting is selected at dusk or the cloudy day is advisable, and the field planting initial stage will Sunshade, must not be exposed to the sun, and humidity is greater than 70%.

(3), Fructus Lycopersici esculenti seedling adopts conventional seedbed system method, but it must be ensured that tomato seedling Growth time is consistent with the growth of seedling time after Rhizoma Solani tuber osi field planting.

4, the detailed process of grafting：With potato seedling as stock, with tomato seedling as scion, adopt Grafting is combined with cut-grafting and cleft grafting, concrete grammar is as follows：

(1), when stock potato seedling grows to 10-15 centimetre high, by its mobile jib on distance ground Face 5-8 centimetre of eminence level cut-out, is cut into downwards long 1-1.2 centimetre and splits from section intermediate vertical Mouthful, while intercepting scion tomato seedling, retain 3-5 piece true leaves, it is whittled into 0.9-1.1 in its underpart both sides The two-sided wedge shape of centimeter length, is rapidly inserted into stock Rhizoma Solani tuber osi breach, and with fixing fillet fixation is penetrated, and is used in combination Plastic strip is wrapped up.

(2), the grafting procedures secret formula has 2：First grafting speed is fast, from cut-out Rhizoma Solani tuber osi Seedling must not exceed 1 minute to penetrating the set time with Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, otherwise can lose grafting because of oxidation Lose, two to be Rhizoma Solani tuber osi consistent with the diameter thickness of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti incision for it, even if variant, is grasping Also must assure that both exocuticles have energy close alignment on one side during work, because both are in laminating When, if exocuticle misplaces completely, can block scion and exchange with the nutrition of stock makes grafting fail.

(3) it is, fixed to use fixing fillet thickness 0.5-0.8 millimeter, its function mainly to prevent grafting from planting Strain, due to the effect that rejects, and makes scion come off from stock in growth course, and fixing fillet need not be extracted The calluss of graft union can flood fixing fillet in growth course.

(4), grafting wanted sunshade at initial 3-5 days, and humidity is greater than 70%, and grafting must be Seedling Stage is carried out, and is to force to connect because the stage is the two hereditary information exchanges most active period Can the stage of fringe absorption and assimilation stock potato nutritional, be the critical period that produce distant hybrid.

5, field management：Field management routinely careful operation, soil wants Jing often to keep moistening, modeling Material strip will loosen in time, after 20-25 days, you can remove plastic strip, and plant will fit in growth course When earth up, until Fructus Lycopersici esculenti and Rhizoma Solani tuber osi it is ripe.Fig. 1 is solid Rhizoma Solani tuber osi tomato plant, is planted Plant height up to more than 2 meters, its upper grown Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, root growth Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.Fig. 2 is graft union Feature, 1 is scion Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in figure, and 2 is graft union, and 3 is stock Rhizoma Solani tuber osi.

6, the present invention has following features：The breeding technique is simple to operate, with low cost, cultivation period It is short, the excellent Rhizoma Solani tuber osi tomato variety resource of high yield can be selected then.The kind has accomplished one Two kinds of plant above ground underground is solid, saves soil, saves fertilizer, improve quality, increases yield.

Claims (5)

1. the present invention relates to a kind of breeding technique, it is characterised in that first potato tuberss carry out accelerating germination and Field planting, by potato seed stripping and slicing before accelerating germination, the skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery of stripping and slicing adopts centripetal rip cutting, each stripping and slicing to carry The eye of one apical dominance, stripping and slicing size is 30-40 gram, and germination temperature is 20 ° -25 °, and humidity is 60-70%, kind block is put into culture operation vessel sandy soil covering and carries out accelerating germination.

2. breeding technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when potato seedling grows to 10-15 When centimetre high, i.e., it is that stock carries out grafting with it, by its mobile jib apart from 5-8 centimetre of ground eminence horizontal cutting It is disconnected, long 1-1.2 centimetre of breach is cut into downwards from section intermediate vertical, while it is scion to intercept tomato seedling, Retain 3-5 piece true leaves, in its underpart both sides the two-sided wedge shape of 0.9-1.1 centimeter lengths is whittled into, be rapidly inserted into Ma Ling Potato breach, with fixing fillet fixation is penetrated, and is wrapped up with plastic strip.

3. breeding technique according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the above-mentioned grafting of operation Process must not exceed 1 minute from cut-out potato seedling to penetrating the set time with Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Rhizoma Solani tuber osi and kind The diameter thickness of eggplant incision is consistent, even if variant, also must assure that both in operation Exocuticle has on one side can close alignment.

4. the breeding technique according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that fixing fillet thickness is used in fixation For 0.5-0.8 millimeters, fixing fillet need not be extracted in grafting growth course.

5. the breeding technique according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that grafting is most Just sunshade, humidity is wanted within 3-5 days to be greater than 70%, after treating seedling-slowing stage, then into Routine Management, Zhi Daocheng Ripe results.