CN106660999A - 新化合物 - Google Patents
新化合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106660999A CN106660999A CN201580039679.8A CN201580039679A CN106660999A CN 106660999 A CN106660999 A CN 106660999A CN 201580039679 A CN201580039679 A CN 201580039679A CN 106660999 A CN106660999 A CN 106660999A
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- compound
- salt
- chloro
- mixture
- Prior art date
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 242
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 68
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 67
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- -1 methoxyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 51
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbonitrile Chemical group C1=C(C#N)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003827 NRaRb Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycolonitrile Natural products N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 210000000068 Th17 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 10
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- 239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 201000002491 encephalomyelitis Diseases 0.000 description 9
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylcarbamic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(O)=O XBXCNNQPRYLIDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/496—Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D241/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings
- C07D241/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D241/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的类视黄醇相关孤儿受体γ(RORγ)调节剂以及它们在治疗由RORγ介导的疾病中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及新的类视黄醇相关孤儿受体γ(RORγ)调节剂以及它们在治疗由RORγ介导的疾病中的用途。
背景技术
类视黄醇相关孤儿受体(Retinoid-related orphan receptors,ROR)是转录因子,其属于类固醇激素核受体超家族(Jetten&Joo(2006)Adv.Dev.Biol.16:313-355)。所述ROR家族由三个成员组成,ROR alpha(RORα)、ROR beta(RORβ)和ROR gamma(RORγ),其各自由单独的基因(分别是RORA、RORB和RORC)编码。ROR包含由大多数核受体所共享的四个主要结构域:N-末端A/B结构域、DNA-结合结构域、铰链结构域和配体结合结构域。各ROR基因产生数种亚型,它们的区别仅在于其N-末端A/B结构域。RORγ的两种亚型已被鉴定:RORγ1和RORγt(也称为RORγ2)。RORγ是用于描述RORγ1和/或RORγt的术语。
虽然RORγ1表达于多种组织中,包括胸腺、肌肉、肾和肝,但RORγt仅唯一地表达于免疫系统的细胞中。RORγt已经被确定为Th17细胞分化的关键调节剂。Th17细胞是产生IL-17和其他促炎细胞因子的T辅助细胞的亚类。已经显示,Th17细胞在多种小鼠自身免疫疾病模型中(包括实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)和胶原诱发性关节炎(CIA))具有关键作用。此外,已经显示,Th17细胞或其产物与多种人类炎症和自身免疫疾病(包括多发性硬化、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病、强直性脊柱炎、克罗恩病和哮喘)的病理学有关(Jetten(2009)Nucl.Recept.Signal.7:e003;Manel等人(2008)Nat.Immunol.9:641-649;Miossec&Kolls(2012)Nat.Rev.Drug.Discov.10:763-776)。慢性自身免疫疾病(包括多发性硬化和类风湿性关节炎)的发病机制起因于对自身抗原耐受性的破坏和自体侵袭性效应T细胞浸润靶组织的发展。研究已显示,Th17细胞是组织特异性自身免疫中炎症过程的重要驱动因子之一(Steinman(2008)J.Exp.Med.205:1517-1522;Leung等人(2010)Cell.Mol.Immunol.7:182-189)。有证据表明,Th17细胞在疾病过程中被激活并负责募集其他炎症细胞类型,特别是嗜中性粒细胞,以介导靶组织中的病理(Korn等人(2009)Annu.Rev.Immunol.27:485-517)。
RORγt在Th17细胞的致病响应中起着决定性作用(Ivanov等人(2006)Cell 126:1121-1133)。RORγt缺陷的小鼠显示了非常少的Th17细胞。此外,RORγt缺陷导致EAE的改善。RORγt在自身免疫性或炎性疾病的发病中的作用的进一步证据可见于以下参考文献:Jetten&Joo(2006)Adv.Dev.Biol.16:313-355;Meier等人(2007)Immunity 26:643-654;Aloisi&Pujol-Borrell(2006)Nat.Rev.Immunol.6:205-217;Jager等人(2009)J.Immunol.183:7169-7177;Serafini等人(2004)Brain Pathol.14:164-174;Magliozzi等人(2007)Brain 130:1089-1104;Barnes(2008)Nat.Rev.Immunol.8:183-192;Miossec&Kolls(2012)Nat.Rev.Drug.Discov.10:763-776。
考虑到RORγ在疾病的发病学中所起的作用,期望的是制备能够调节RORγ活性的化合物,所述化合物可用于治疗RORγ介导的疾病。
发明内容
本发明涉及新的RORγ调节剂和它们在治疗由RORγ介导的疾病中的用途。特别地,本发明涉及式I化合物及其药学上可接受的盐
其中R1-R7如下文所定义。
在另一方面,本发明提供了式(I)化合物在治疗由RORγ介导的疾病中的用途。所述疾病的实例包括自身免疫性或炎性疾病,例如多发性硬化、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病和强直性脊柱炎。还在另一方面,本发明涉及治疗所述疾病的方法。
发明详述
术语和定义
“烷基”是指具有特定成员原子数的一价饱和烃链。例如,C1-C6烷基是指具有1-6个成员原子的烷基。烷基可任选被一个或多个本申请所定义的取代基取代。烷基可为直链或支链的。代表性的支链烷基具有一个、两个或三个支链。烷基的实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基(正丙基和异丙基)、丁基(正丁基、异丁基和叔丁基)、戊基(正戊基、异戊基和新戊基)和己基。
“环烷基”是指具有特定成员原子数的饱和烃环。环烷基是单环系统或是稠合或桥连的双环系统。例如,C3-C7环烷基是指具有3-7个成员原子的环烷基。环烷基可任选被一个或多个本申请所定义的取代基取代。环烷基的实例包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。
“对映体过量”或“ee”是一种对映体相对于另一种过量,以百分比表示。因此,当两种对映体以相等的量存在于外消旋混合物中时,所述对映体过量为零(0%ee)。但是,如果一种对映体富集使得其构成该产物的95%,那么该对映体过量将为90%ee(富集的对映体的量,95%,减去另一对映体的量,5%)。
“对映体纯”是指其对映体过量为99%ee或更大的产物。
“半衰期”是指一半量的物质在体外或体内转化成另一化学上不同的种类所需要的时间。
“卤代”是指卤素基团氟、氯、溴和碘。
“杂芳基”是指在环中含有1-4个作为成员原子的杂原子的芳香环。含有一个以上杂原子的杂芳基可含有不同的杂原子。杂芳基可任选被一个或多个本申请所定义的取代基取代。杂芳基是单环系统,或是稠合或桥连的双环系统。单环杂芳基环具有5-7个成员原子。双环杂芳基环具有7-11个成员原子。双环杂芳基环包括其中苯基与单环杂环烷基环连接形成稠合、螺环或桥连的双环系统的那些环以及其中单环杂芳基环与单环环烷基、环烯基、杂环烷基或杂芳基环连接形成稠合、螺环或桥连的双环系统的那些环。杂芳基的实例包括吡咯基、吡唑基、咪唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噁二唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、噻二唑基、呋喃基、呋咱基、噻吩基、三唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、三嗪基、四嗪基、四唑基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、吲嗪基、吲唑基、嘌呤基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、蝶啶基、噌啉基、苯并咪唑基、呋喃并吡啶基和二氮杂萘基。
“杂原子”是指氮、硫或氧原子。
“杂环烷基”是指在环中含有1-4个作为成员原子的杂原子的饱和环。但是,杂环烷基环不是芳香性的。含有一个以上杂原子的杂环烷基可含有不同的杂原子。杂环烷基可任选被本申请所定义的一个或多个取代基取代。杂环烷基是单环系统或是稠合、螺环或桥连的双环系统。单环杂环烷基环具有4-7个成员原子。双环杂环烷基环具有7-11个成员原子。杂环烷基的实例包括吡咯烷基、四氢呋喃基、二氢呋喃基、吡喃基、四氢吡喃基、二氢吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、吡唑烷基、噁唑烷基、噻唑烷基、哌啶基、高哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫吗啉基、氮杂环庚烯基、1,3-二氧杂环戊烷基、1,3-二氧杂环己烷基、1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷基、1,3-二噻烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、氧杂环丁烷基、氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛基和氧杂双环[2.2.1]庚基。
“成员原子”是指形成链或环的一个或多个原子。当在链中或在环内存在一个以上的成员原子时,各成员原子与该链或环中的相邻成员原子共价结合。构成链或环上取代基的原子不是该链或环的成员原子。
“任选取代的”是指基团,例如烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、环烷基、环烯基、杂环烷基或杂芳基,可为未取代的,或所述基团可被一个或多个所定义的取代基取代。
“RORγ”是指由RORC基因编码的所有亚型,其包括RORγ1和RORγt。
“RORγ调节剂”是指直接或间接抑制RORγ的活性的化合物。RORγ调节剂包括RORγ的拮抗剂和反激动剂。
“药学上可接受的”是指在合理的医学判断范围内,适用于与人和动物的组织接触而没有过度的毒性、刺激性或其他问题或并发症,且具有合理的利益/风险比的那些化合物、材料、组合物和剂型。
提及基团“取代的”时,表示与在基团中的成员原子相连的一个或多个氢原子被选自所定义的取代基的取代基替换。应当理解的是术语“取代的”包括隐含规定,即所述取代符合所取代的原子和取代基的允许的化合价,以及所述取代产生稳定的化合物(即,不会自发地通过诸如重排、环化或消除进行转化,且足以稳固以便经得起从反应混合物中分离的化合物)。当陈述一个基团可含有一个或多个取代基时,所述基团中的一个或多个(适当时)成员原子可被取代。此外,基团中的单个的成员原子可取代有超过一个取代基,只要这样的取代符合所述原子的允许的化合价。
化合物
本发明提供了式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐.
其中:
R1为:
-甲基,其被以下取代:i)C4-C6环烷基,其任选被a)1或2个F或b)OH取代;或ii)被C(O)CH3取代的5或6元杂环烷基;
-被CF3或-SO2CH3取代的C2-C3烷基;
-含有1或2个N原子的6元杂芳基,所述杂芳基任选被选自以下的1或2个取代基取代:C1-C3烷基、卤素、CN和甲氧基;或
-被CN取代的苯基;
R2为C1-C3烷基;
R3为卤素或CN;
R4为H;
R5为C1-C3烷基;
R6为H或甲基;和
R7选自:
-含有1个N原子的4-6元杂环烷基,其中所述杂环烷基任选被甲基取代;
-NRaRb,其中所述Ra为H或甲基,和所述Rb选自i)被C3-C4环烷基取代的甲基;ii)任选被甲基取代的C4-C5环烷基;和iii)C3-C4烷基;和
-ORc,其中所述Rc为i)C4-C5环烷基或ii)被C3-C4环烷基取代的甲基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及式I化合物,其中R1为含有1或2个N原子的6元杂芳基,其中所述杂芳基被1或2个C1-C3烷基取代。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R1为被甲基取代的吡啶基。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R1为被二甲基取代的吡啶基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及式I化合物,其中R1为被CN取代的苯基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R2为C1-C3烷基。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R2为甲基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R3为卤素。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R3为Cl。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R3为CN。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R4为H。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R5为甲基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R6为H。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为含有1个N原子的4-6元杂环烷基。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为吡咯烷基。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为哌啶基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为ORc,其中Rc为环戊基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为NHRb,和Rb为被环丙基取代的甲基。在一个实施方案中,本发明还涉及任意上述实施方案的化合物,其中R7为NHRb,和Rb为环戊基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中R1为被1或2个甲基取代的吡啶基,R2为甲基,R3为Cl,R4为H,R5为甲基,R6为H,和R7为NHRb,其中Rb为i)环戊基或ii)被环丙基取代的甲基。
在一个实施方案中,本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中R1为被甲基取代的吡啶基,R2为甲基,R3为Cl,R4为H,R5为甲基,R6为H,和R7为哌啶基;
在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中R1为被CN取代的苯基,R2为甲基,R3为Cl,R4为H,R5为甲基,R6为H,和R7为i)吡咯烷基或ii)NHRb,其中Rb为被环丙基取代的甲基。
还在另一实施方案中,本发明涉及式(I)化合物,其中R1为被甲基取代的吡啶基,R2为甲基,R3为Cl,R4为H,R5为甲基,R6为H,和R7为ORc,其中Rc为环戊基。
在一个实施方案中,所述式I化合物选自:
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5,6-二甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E1);
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(3-氰基苯甲酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,三氟乙酸盐(E24);
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-氰基苯甲酰胺(E25);
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-环戊基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E29);
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺(E30);
(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(E44)。
式I化合物可含有一个或多个不对称中心(也称为手性中心),因此可以单独的对映异构体、非对映异构体或其它立体异构体的形式或以其混合物的形式存在。手性中心诸如手性碳原子也可存在于取代基诸如烷基中。当存在于式I或本申请所说明的任何化学结构中的手性中心的立体化学未指明时,该结构意在包含所有单独的立体异构体及其所有的混合物。因此,含有一个或多个手性中心的式I化合物可以以外消旋混合物、对映异构体富集混合物或对映异构体纯的单独立体异构体存在。
含有一个或多个不对称中心的根据式I的化合物的单独立体异构体可以通过本领域技术人员已知的方法拆分。例如,可如下进行所述拆分:(1)通过形成非对映异构体盐、复合物或其它衍生物;(2)通过与立体异构体特异性试剂的选择性反应,例如通过酶促氧化或还原;或(3)通过在手性环境中的气-液色谱或液相色谱,所述手性环境例如在手性载体(例如连接有手性配体的硅胶)或在手性溶剂存在下。本领域技术人员将会理解,当将所需立体异构体通过上述分离方法之一转化成另一化学实体时,需要其它步骤来释放所需形式。或者,特异性立体异构体可通过使用光学活性试剂、基质、催化剂或溶剂的不对称合成法来合成,或通过不对称转化将一种对映异构体转化成另一种异构体。
式I的化合物也可含有双键或其它几何不对称中心。当存在于式I或本申请所说明的任何化学结构中的几何不对称中心的立体化学未指明时,所述结构旨在涵盖反式(E)几何异构体、顺式(Z)几何异构体,以及其所有的混合物。同样,所有互变异构形式也包括在式I中,不论这样的互变异构体以平衡形式还是主要以一种形式存在。
在某些实施方案中,式I的化合物可含有酸性官能团。在某些其他实施方案中,式I的化合物可含有碱性官能团。由此,本领域技术人员将理解,可制备式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐。实际上,在本发明的某些实施方案中,式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐相对于各自的游离碱或游离酸可能是优选的,因为这样的盐可赋予所述分子更大的稳定性或溶解性,由此促进配制为剂型。因此,本发明还涉及式I的化合物的药学上可接受的盐的用途。
本申请使用的术语"药学上可接受的盐"是指这样的盐,其保留主题化合物所需的生物活性并表现出最小的非期望的毒理学效应。这些药学上可接受的盐可以在化合物的最终分离和纯化过程中原位制备,或通过分别使呈其游离酸或游离碱形式的纯化的化合物分别与合适的碱或酸反应来制备。合适的药学上可接受的盐包括Berge、Bighley和Monkhouse,J.Pharm.Sci.(1977)66,第1-19页中描述的那些。
含有碱性胺或其他碱性官能团的所公开化合物的盐可通过本领域已知的任意合适方法进行制备,包括将该游离碱用无机酸或有机酸进行处理,所述无机酸例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等,所述有机酸例如乙酸、三氟乙酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、扁桃酸、富马酸、丙二酸、丙酮酸、草酸、羟乙酸、水杨酸、吡喃糖苷酸(例如葡糖醛酸或半乳糖醛酸)、α-羟基酸(例如柠檬酸或酒石酸)、氨基酸(例如天冬氨酸或谷氨酸)、芳香酸(例如苯甲酸或肉桂酸)、磺酸(例如对甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸等)。药学上可接受的盐的实例包括硫酸盐、焦硫酸盐、硫酸氢盐、亚硫酸盐、亚硫酸氢盐、磷酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、癸酸盐、辛酸盐、丙烯酸盐、甲酸盐、异丁酸盐、己酸盐、庚酸盐、丙炔酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、琥珀酸盐、辛二酸盐、癸二酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐,丁炔-1,4-二酸盐、己炔-1,6-二酸盐、苯甲酸盐、氯苯甲酸盐、甲基苯甲酸盐、二硝基苯甲酸盐、羟基苯甲酸盐、甲氧基苯甲酸盐、酞酸盐、苯基乙酸盐、苯基丙酸盐、苯基丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乳酸盐、γ-羟基丁酸盐、乙醇酸盐、酒石酸盐、扁桃酸盐和磺酸盐,例如二甲苯磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、丙磺酸盐、萘-1-磺酸盐和萘-2-磺酸盐。
含有酸性官能团的所公开化合物的盐可通过与合适的碱反应进行制备。这种药学上可接受的盐可用提供药学上可接受的阳离子的碱制备,其包括碱金属盐(特别是钠盐和钾盐)、碱土金属盐(特别是钙盐和镁盐)、铝盐和铵盐,以及由生理学可接受的有机碱制成的盐,所述有机碱例如三甲胺、三乙胺、吗啉、吡啶、哌啶、甲基吡啶、二环己胺、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、2-羟基乙胺、双-(2-羟基乙基)胺、三-(2-羟基乙基)胺、普鲁卡因、二苄基哌啶、去氢枞胺、N,N’-双去氢枞胺、葡萄糖胺、N-甲基葡萄糖胺、可力丁、胆碱、奎宁、喹啉和碱性氨基酸(例如赖氨酸和精氨酸)。
不是药学上可接受的其他盐可用于制备本发明化合物并且这些应被认为形成本发明的其他方面。这些盐,例如三氟乙酸盐,尽管其本身不是药学上可接受的,但可用于制备在获得本发明化合物和它们的药学上可接受的盐中用作中间体的盐。
如果将含有碱性胺或其他碱性官能团的本发明化合物作为盐分离,则该化合物相应的游离碱形式可通过本领域已知的任意合适的方法进行制备,包括用无机或有机碱处理该盐,适当的无机或有机碱具有比该化合物游离碱形式更高的pKa。同样地,如果含有酸性官能团的本发明化合物作为盐分离,那么该化合物的相应的游离酸形式可通过本领域已知的任意合适的方法进行制备,包括将该盐用无机或有机酸处理,适当的无机或有机酸具有比该化合物游离酸形式更低的pKa。
本申请所用术语“本发明化合物”是指式I化合物及其药学上可接受的盐。术语“本发明化合物”也出现在本申请中并且是指式I化合物和它的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明还包括各种氘化形式的式(I)化合物。与碳原子连接的各个可用的氢原子可独立地被氘原子替换。本领域技术人员将知晓如何合成氘化形式的式(I)化合物。在制备氘代形式的式(I)化合物时可使用市售的氘代起始物质,或它们可使用常规技术采用氘代试剂(例如氘代氢化锂铝)合成。
本发明化合物可以固体或液体形式存在。在固态时,本发明化合物可以晶体或非晶体形式或它们的混合物存在。对于呈晶体形式的本发明化合物,本领域技术人员将理解,可形成药学上可接受的溶剂合物,其中在结晶时溶剂分子被掺入晶格中。溶剂合物可包含非水溶剂例如乙醇、异丙醇、DMSO、乙酸、乙醇胺和乙酸乙酯,或者它们可包含水作为溶剂(该溶剂被掺入到晶格中)。其中水为溶剂(该溶剂被并入晶格中)的溶剂合物通常称为“水合物”。水合物包括化学计量的水合物以及含有可变量水的组合物(compositions)。本发明包括所有该类溶剂合物。
本领域技术人员还将理解,可以晶体形式(包括其各种溶剂合物)存在的本发明的某些化合物也可显示多晶型(即出现不同晶体结构的能力)。这些不同晶型,通常称为“多晶型物”。本发明包括所有这样的多晶型物。多晶型物有相同的化学组成,但是不同的堆积(packing)、几何排列和其它可描述的晶体固态的性质。因此,多晶型物可具有不同的物理性质,例如形状、密度、硬度、可变形性、稳定性和溶解性质。多晶型物通常具有不同的熔点、IR光谱和X-射线粉末衍射图,其可用于鉴定。本领域技术人员将会理解,可制备不同多晶型物,例如,通过改变或调整在制备所述化合物中所用的条件或试剂。例如,温度、压力或溶剂的变化可产生多晶型物。此外,一种多晶型物在某些条件下可自发转化成另一种多晶型物。
式I化合物及其药学上可接受的盐可单独使用或与其他治疗剂组合使用。因此本发明的组合疗法包括给药至少一种式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐并使用至少一种其他治疗活性剂。式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及所述其他治疗活性剂可在单一药物组合物中一起给药或分开给药,并且当分开给药时,可同时进行或以任意顺序连续进行。
在另一方面,提供了组合产品,其包含式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及一种或多种其他治疗活性剂和任选的药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
合适的其他治疗剂包括,但不限于,(1)TNF-α抑制剂;(2)非选择性COX-1/COX-2抑制剂;(3)COX-2抑制剂;(4)用于治疗炎性和自身免疫性疾病的其他药剂,包括糖皮质激素、甲氨蝶呤、来氟米特、柳氮磺胺吡啶、硫唑嘌呤、环孢菌素、他克莫司、青霉胺、布西拉明、阿克他利、咪唑立宾、氯苯扎利、环索奈德、羟氯喹、d-青霉胺、金硫代苹果酸盐、金诺芬或胃肠外或口服金、环磷酰胺、Lymphostat-B、BAFF/APRIL抑制剂,例如belimumab和CTLA-4-Ig或其模拟物;(5)白三烯生物合成抑制剂,5-脂氧合酶(5-LO)抑制剂或5-脂氧合酶活化蛋白(FLAP)拮抗剂;(6)LTD4受体拮抗剂;(7)PDE4抑制剂;(8)抗组胺H1受体拮抗剂;(9)a1-和a2-肾上腺素受体激动剂;(10)抗胆碱能药物;(11)β-肾上腺素受体激动剂;(12)胰岛素样生长因子I型(IGF-1)模拟物;(13)糖皮质激素;(14)激酶抑制剂,例如Janus激酶(JAK1和/或JAK2和/或JAK3和/或TYK2)、p38MAPK和IKK2的抑制剂;(15)B细胞靶生物剂(B-celltargeting biologies),例如利妥昔单抗;(16)选择性共刺激调节剂,例如阿巴他塞;(17)白介素抑制剂,例如IL-1抑制剂阿那白滞素、IL-6抑制剂托珠单抗(tocilizumab)或sirukumab、IL-12/IL-23抑制剂ustekinumab、IL-23抑制剂guselkumab和抗-IL17抗体;(18)抗-GM-CSF抗体;(19)检查点阻断(checkpoint blockade)和其他免疫疗法,例如抗-PD-1/抗-PD-L1抗体,包括pembrolizumab和nivolumab和抗-CTLA4抗体,包括易普利姆玛(ipilimumab);(20)BET抑制剂,例如GSK525762;和(21)其他肿瘤药物,例如氟尿嘧啶、贝伐单抗、盐酸依立替康、卡培他滨、西妥昔单抗、雷莫芦单抗(ramucirumab)、奥沙利铂、亚叶酸钙、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、瑞戈非尼(regorafenib)、阿柏西普(ziv-aflibercept)、曲妥珠单抗、甲磺酸伊马替尼、苹果酸舒尼替尼、甲苯磺酸索拉非尼、紫杉醇、依维莫司、盐酸厄洛替尼、盐酸吉西他滨、丝裂霉素C、达拉非尼(dabrafenib)、曲美替尼(trametinib)、拉帕替尼(lapatinib)、奥法木单抗(ofatumumab)、托泊替康(topotecan)、盐酸多柔比星和依鲁替尼(ibrutinib)。
化合物的制备
式I的化合物可使用常规有机合成制备。合适的合成途径描述在下文的以下一般反应方案中。
本领域技术人员将理解,若本申请描述的取代基与本申请所述的合成方法不相容,则可用对反应条件稳定的合适的保护基对所述取代基进行保护。可在反应顺序中的合适点脱除保护基,从而提供期望的中间体或目标化合物。合适的保护基和使用所述合适的保护基对不同的取代基进行保护和脱保护的方法对本领域技术人员而言是熟知的;其实例可参见T.Greene and P.Wuts,Protecting Groups in Chemical Synthesis(第3版),JohnWiley&Sons,NY(1999)。在一些情形中,可具体选择在使用的反应条件下具有反应性的取代基。在这些情况中,所述反应条件将所选的取代基转化为另一种取代基,所述另一种取代基要么是在中间体化合物中有用的,要么是靶标化合物中期望的取代基。
方案1
[示例性条件:a)BH3·THF,THF,0℃-RT;b)PCC,CH2Cl2;c)NaBH(OAc)3,HOAc,DCM,3;d)Pd,H2,乙醇,RT;e)R1CO2H,DIPEA,HATU,DMF;f)TFA,DCM;g)胺,三光气,DCM,DIPEA或醇,TEA,THF,氯甲酸酯]。
方案1代表制备式I化合物的一般反应方案,其中R1-R7如上文所定义。所述起始材料或试剂是市售可得的或是使用本领域技术人员已知的方法由市售可得的起始材料制备的。
苯甲酸1可由BH3·THF还原,以提供苯甲醇2。醇2可被PCC氧化成相应的醛然后用3还原胺化,以提供硝基化合物4。在H2的存在下,用Pd还原硝基化合物4得到胺,将其与各种酸反应得到酰胺5。5的Boc保护通过用TFA处理脱除并将所得胺与各种胺或醇反应,以提供最终的式I化合物。
方案2
[示例性条件:a)TFA,DCM,RT;b)胺,三光气,THF,0℃或醇,TEA,THF,氯甲酸酯,RT;c)SnCl2·2H2O,乙醇,RT;d)R1CO2H,HATU,DIPEA,DMF,50℃]。
方案2代表制备式I化合物的另一反应方案,其中R1-R7如上文所定义。所述起始材料或试剂是市售可得的或是使用本领域技术人员已知的方法由市售可得的起始材料制备的。
通过TFA脱除硝基化合物1上的Boc保护,以提供硝基胺2,然后可将其与各种胺或醇反应,得到相应的脲或羧化物3。通过氯化锡(II)脱水合物将所述硝基还原成胺,得到关键中间体4,然后将其与各种酸浓缩,得到最终式I化合物。
实施例
缩写
DCE 1,2-二氯乙烷
DCM 二氯甲烷
DIPEA N,N-二异丙基乙胺
DMAP N,N-二甲基吡啶-4-胺
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲基亚砜
EA 乙酸乙酯
EDC N-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-N′-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐
ESI 电喷雾离子化
HATU O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲六氟磷酸盐
HOBt 羟基苯并三唑
HPLC 高效液相色谱
LCMS 液相色谱质谱
MS 质谱
NBS N-溴琥珀酰亚胺
NMP N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
PE 石油醚
PCC 氯铬酸吡啶
PG 保护基
RT 室温
sat. 饱和
TEA 三乙胺
TFA 三氟乙酸
THF 四氢呋喃
色谱
除非另外提及,所有色谱均使用硅胶柱进行。
LCMS条件:
1)酸性条件:
移动相:含0.05%TFA的水/乙腈
柱:Agilent SB-C18 4.6x 30mm 1.8m
检测:MS和光电二极管阵列检测器(PDA)
2)碱性条件:
移动相:10mM NH4HCO3水溶液/乙腈
柱:Waters XBridge C18 4.6x 50mm 3.5m
检测:MS和光电二极管阵列检测器(PDA)
HPLC条件:
1)仪器:
PHG016
Gilson 281
Waters
2)柱:
Xbridge Prep C18 10μm OBD,19×250mm
Boston,pHlex ODS,21.2×250mm,10μm,100A
Shimadzu Shim-Pack,PRC-ODS,20×250mm,15μm
3)移动相:
酸性条件:含0.05%TFA的水/乙腈
碱性条件:含0.01%NH4HCO3的水/乙腈
在以下步骤中,各起始材料后通常提及中间体。这仅是为了帮助本领域化学人员。所述起始材料可能不一定是从所提及的批次制备的。
描述1
5,6-二氯烟酸甲酯(D1)
将5,6-二氯烟酸(5g)和亚硫酰氯(3.10g)在甲醇(20mL)中的混合物在25℃搅拌过夜。加入冷水(100mL)并将所得混合物用饱和NaHCO3溶液中和。将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取并将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥。过滤后,将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(5g),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C7H5Cl2NO2理论值205;实测值206[M+H]+。
描述2
5,6-二甲基烟酸甲酯(D2)
将K2CO3(1.342g)、三环己基膦(0.272g)、Pd2(dba)3(0.444g)、甲基硼酸(0.291g)和5,6-二氯烟酸甲酯(D1,1g)在1,4-二噁烷(20mL)中的混合物加热至110℃过夜。加入冷水(30mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=0%-50%洗脱),得到标题化合物(1g),其为黄色油。MS(ESI):C9H11NO2理论值165;实测值166[M+H]+。
描述3
5,6-二甲基烟酸(D3)
将氢氧化钠(121mg)和5,6-二甲基烟酸甲酯(D2,500mg)在甲醇(10mL)和水(10mL)中的混合物搅拌2小时。加入冷水(50mL)并将所得混合物的pH值用HCl溶液(7M)调节至5。将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(400mg),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C8H9NO2理论值151;实测值152[M+H]+。
描述4
5-氰基-2-羟基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D4)
将在圆底烧瓶中的2-(乙氧基亚甲基)丙二酸二乙酯(21.6g)和(E)-3-氨基丁-2-烯腈(8.20g)的混合物在150℃搅拌2小时,然后静置过夜。将该混合物过滤并将沉淀物用冰冷甲醇洗涤,得到标题化合物(5g),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C10H10N2O3理论值206;实测值207[M+H]+。
描述5
2-氯-5-氰基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D5)
将在圆底烧瓶中的5-氰基-2-羟基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D4,3000mg)和三氯氧磷(22300mg)的混合物在90℃搅拌5小时,然后静置过夜。将该溶液真空浓缩。将该残余物倒至冰上。将所得混合物过滤,得到标题化合物(3g),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C10H9ClN2O2理论值224;实测值225[M+H]+。
描述6
5-氰基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D6)
向2-氯-5-氰基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D5,1.5g)、甲醇(50mL)和钯(10%在炭上,0.071g)的混合物中加入甲酸铵(6.32g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌3小时,然后过滤。将该溶液真空浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=20%洗脱),得到标题化合物(1g),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C10H10N2O2理论值190;实测值191[M+H]+。
描述7
5-氰基-6-甲基烟酸(D7)
向5-氰基-6-甲基烟酸乙酯(D6,1g)、甲醇(15mL)和水(30mL)的混合物中加入氢氧化钠(2.103g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌30min。将该溶液的pH用盐酸调节至4。将该混合物用EA(2×100mL)洗涤。将合并的有机层真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(800mg),其为白色固体。1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.20(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),8.62(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),2.83(s,3H)。MS(ESI):C8H6N2O2理论值162;实测值163[M+H]+。
描述8
2-(4-羟基环己基)乙酸甲酯(D8)
将Rh/C(1g)和2-(4-羟基苯基)乙酸甲酯(2.2g)在甲醇(50mL)中的混合物在50℃氢气氛下(5巴)搅拌6小时。将该反应混合物过滤并将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(500mg)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):3.73(s,3H),2.51(s,2H),2.21-2.16(m,2H),1.72-1.32(m,7H),1.19-0.91(m,2H)。
描述9
2-(4-羟基环己基)乙酸(D9)
将氢氧化钾(326mg)和2-(4-羟基环己基)乙酸甲酯(D8,500mg)在甲醇(20mL)和水(20mL)中的混合物在60℃搅拌6小时。冷却至室温后,将该反应混合物浓缩并用HCl溶液(2M)酸化以调节pH值至1,然后用EA(50mL)萃取。将该有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(150mg),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C8H14O3理论值158;实测值159[M+H]+。
描述10
(3,3-二氟环丁基)甲醇(D10)
在氮气下,向在0℃冷却的3,3-二氟环丁烷甲酸(970mg)在THF(25mL)中的混合物中滴加硼烷二甲基硫醚络合物(1.354mL)。将该混合物在0℃搅拌4小时。将该混合物用浓HCl溶液淬灭。将该水层用DCM(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥并过滤。将该残余物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(650mg),其为无色油。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):3.62(d,J=5.2Hz,2H),2.75(brs,1H),2.62-2.54(m,2H),2.35-2.25(m,3H)。
描述11
4-甲基苯磺酸(3,3-二氟环丁基)甲酯(D11)
向(3,3-二氟环丁基)甲醇(D10,650mg)和TEA(1077mg)在DCM(20mL)中的溶液中加入4-甲基苯-1-磺酰氯(1218mg)在DCM(5mL)中的溶液。将该混合物搅拌过夜,然后真空浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=0%-30%洗脱),得到标题化合物(760mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):7.80(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.37(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),4.06(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),2.67-2.61(m,2H),2.49-2.47(m,4H),2.32-2.27(m,2H)。MS(ESI):C12H14F2O3S理论值276;实测值299[M+Na]+。
描述12
2-(3,3-二氟环丁基)乙腈(D12)
将4-甲基苯磺酸(3,3-二氟环丁基)甲酯(D11,720mg)和氰化钾(170mg)在DMF(6mL)中的混合物在50℃搅拌16小时。冷却至室温后,加入冷水(30mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用盐水洗涤并用Na2SO4干燥。过滤后,将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(310mg),其为无色油。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):2.89-2.78(m,2H),2.60-2.52(m,3H),2.46-2.34(m,2H)。
描述13
2-(3,3-二氟环丁基)乙酸(D13)
将2-(3,3-二氟环丁基)乙腈(D12,300mg)和NaOH(1830mg)在水(5mL)和甲醇(5mL)中的混合物在100℃搅拌36小时。冷却至室温后,加入HCl水溶液(1M)以调节pH至约2。将所得水层用DCM(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(120mg),其为黄色油。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):12.21(brs,1H),2.72-2.62(m,2H),2.55-2.26(m,5H)。
描述14
6-乙基烟酸甲酯(D14)
在0℃,向6-氯烟酸甲酯(5.5g)和乙酰丙酮铁(0.5g)在THF(100mL)和NMP(10mL)中的混合物中滴加乙基溴化镁(1M的THF溶液,40mL)。加入后,将该混合物在室温搅拌30分钟,然后倒至冰/水(300mL)中。将该混合物用EA(2×100ml)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥并蒸发,得到粗产物,将其用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=5%洗脱),得到标题化合物(2.7g),其为澄清油。MS(ESI):C9H11NO2理论值162;实测值163[M+H]+。
描述15
6-乙基烟酸(D15)
向6-乙基烟酸甲酯(D14,2.7g)在THF(20mL)中的溶液中加入NaOH(1.5g)的水(20mL)溶液。将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时,然后减压浓缩。将所得水相用HCl溶液(1M)酸化以调节pH至3。将该混合物真空浓缩并将该粗产物在室温在MeOH(30mL)中搅拌10分钟。将该混悬液过滤并将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(2.5g),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.16(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),8.88(dd,J=8.8Hz,2.0Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.15(q,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.45(t,J=7.6Hz,3H)。MS(ESI):C9H11NO2理论值151;实测值152[M+H]+。
描述16
2,6-二氯-5-氟烟酸甲酯(D16)
在室温,向2,6-二氯-5-氟烟酸(5g)和1滴DMF在DCM(20mL)中的混合物中滴加草酰氯(5mL)。将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时,然后浓缩。将所得酰氯再次溶于DCM(10mL)中,然后滴加至DCM(20mL)和MeOH(20mL)的混合物中。将所得混合物在室温搅拌另外1小时,然后浓缩,得到标题化合物(6g),其为油。MS(ESI):C7H4Cl2FNO2理论值223;实测值224[M+H]+。
描述17
2-氯-5-氟-6-甲基烟酸甲酯(D17)
将2,6-二氯-5-氟烟酸甲酯(D16,6g)、2,4,6-三甲基-1,3,5,2,4,6-三氧杂三硼杂己环(trioxatriborinane)(3.36g)、K2CO3(9.99g)和Pd(Ph3P)4(1.548g)在1,4-二噁烷(50mL)中的混合物加热至110℃,持续20小时。将该混合物过滤并将该滤液浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=1:10洗脱),得到标题化合物(3.5g),其为油。MS(ESI):C8H7ClFNO2理论值203;实测值204[M+H]+。
描述18
5-氟-6-甲基烟酸甲酯(D18)
在氢气氛下(1atm),将2-氯-5-氟-6-甲基烟酸甲酯(D17,4.2g)、Pd/C(0.5g)和乙酸钠(6.77g)在EA(50mL)中的混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该混合物过滤并将该滤液浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(EA:PE=1:10),得到标题化合物(3.5g),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C8H8FNO2理论值169;实测值170[M+H]+。
描述19
5-氟-6-甲基烟酸(D19)
向5-氟-6-甲基烟酸甲酯(D18,2.3g)在THF(10mL)和甲醇(10mL)中的溶液中加入NaOH(0.707g)在水(5mL)中的溶液。将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩。向该残余物中加入水(5mL)。将该混合物的pH调节至3。收集固体并真空干燥,得到标题化合物(800mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):8.83(s,1H),8.00(dd,J=1.2Hz,9.6Hz,1H),2.57(s,3H)。MS(ESI):C7H6FNO2理论值155;实测值156[M+H]+。
描述20
5-甲氧基-6-甲基烟酸(D20)
将5-氟-6-甲基烟酸甲酯(400mg)和甲醇钠(383mg)在DMF(2mL)中的混合物在120℃的微波中照射1小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合物用HCl水溶液(1M)酸化以调节pH至约3。将该水层用EA(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(180mg),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C8H9NO3理论值167;实测值168[M+H]+。
描述21
3-甲基环丁烷甲酸(D21)
将3-亚甲基环丁烷甲酸(1g)和Pd/C(0.19g)在MeOH(20mL)中的混合物在室温氢气球下搅拌过夜。将该混合物过滤并将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(760mg)。MS(ESI):C6H10O2理论值114;未获得质量数实测值。
描述22
(3-甲基环丁基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D22)
在80℃,将3-甲基环丁烷甲酸(D21,700mg)、TEA(1862mg)和二苯基膦酰基叠氮化物(diphenylphosphinyl azide)(2237mg)在叔丁醇(10mL)中的溶液搅拌过夜。冷却至室温后,将该混合物过滤并将该滤液用水稀释。将所得混合物用EA进一步萃取。将该有机层用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(320mg)。MS(ESI):C10H19NO2理论值185;未获得质量数实测值。
描述23
3-甲基环丁胺,盐酸盐(D23)
将(3-甲基环丁基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D22,310mg)在MeOH(5mL)中的溶液加至HCl溶液(4M的二噁烷溶液,0.837mL)中。将该混合物在室温搅拌4小时,然后减压浓缩,得到标题化合物(110mg),其为油。MS(ESI):C5H11N理论值85;未获得质量数实测值。
描述24
(环丙基甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D24)
将Boc2O(1.632mL)、DMAP(86mg)、TEA(711mg)和环丙基甲胺(500mg)在DCM(20mL)中的混合物在室温搅拌过夜。加入冷水(100mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(550mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):3.07-3.00(m,2H),1.60(brs,1H),1.49(s,9H),0.99-0.92(m,1H),0.52-0.48(m,2H),0.21-0.17(m,2H)。
描述25
(环丙基甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D25)
在0℃,向(环丙基甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D24,80mg)在THF(10mL)中的溶液中加入氢化钠(56.1mg)。30min后,加入碘甲烷(332mg)。将该混合物在这一温度搅拌1小时。将所得混合物温热至室温并搅拌过夜。缓慢加入冷水(30mL)以淬灭该反应。将该水层用DCM(2×50mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(80mg),其为黄色油。
描述26
1-环丙基-N-甲基甲胺,盐酸盐(D26)
将(环丙基甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(D25,80mg)和浓HCl(0.5mL)在甲醇(10mL)中的混合物搅拌3小时。将该溶剂真空蒸发,得到标题化合物(51mg),其为黄色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOH-d4):5.51(s,1H),2.92-2.90(m,2H),2.72(s,3H),1.18-1.07(m,1H),0.76-0.70(m,2H),0.45-0.4(m,2H)。
描述27
(环丁基甲基)氨基甲酸苄酯(D27)
向环丁基甲胺(150mg)和TEA(0.246mL)在DCM(20mL)中的溶液中加入氯甲酸苄酯(301mg)。将该混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将该混合物真空浓缩并将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=1:15洗脱),得到标题化合物(300mg),其为无色油。MS(ESI):C13H17NO2理论值219;实测值220[M+H]+。
描述28
(环丁基甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸苄酯(D28)
向(环丁基甲基)氨基甲酸苄酯(D27,300mg)在THF(20mL)中的溶液中加入NaH(60%,328mg)并将该混合物在室温搅拌30分钟。然后加入碘甲烷(0.257mL)至上述混合物中并将该反应在室温搅拌2小时。将该混合物用水(0.1mL)淬灭并真空浓缩,得到粗产物,将其用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=1:5洗脱),得到标题化合物(220mg),其为无色油。MS(ESI):C14H19NO2理论值233;实测值234[M+H]+。
描述29
1-环丁基-N-甲基甲胺(D29)
在室温,将(环丁基甲基)(甲基)氨基甲酸苄酯(D28,220mg)和Pd/C(20mg)在MeOH(20mL)中的混合物通入H2气体持续2小时。将该混合物通过硅藻土垫过滤并将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(90mg),其为无色油。
描述30
5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(D30)
将5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸(20g)分批加至冰冷的浓硫酸(98%,80mL)中。将该混合物在0℃搅拌直至所有固体溶解。分批加入硝酸(65%,6mL)和H2SO4(98%,12mL)的混合物。将该混合物逐渐温热至室温并在室温搅拌6小时。将所得混合物倒至冰(500mL)上。收集固体并用水(100mL)洗涤。将该固体再次溶于EA(200mL)中并用盐水洗涤。将该有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(11g),其为褐色固体。MS(ESI):C8H6FNO4理论值199;实测值198[M-H]-。
描述31
(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯基)甲醇(D31)
将5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(D30,11g)和BH3.THF(1M,72mL)的混合物加热至80℃,持续2小时。将MeOH(20mL)缓慢加至混合物中以淬灭该反应。将所得混合物真空浓缩。将该残余物溶于DCM(50mL)并用饱和NaHCO3溶液(2×50mL)和盐水(2×50mL)洗涤。将该有机相用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到标题化合物(9g),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C8H8FNO3理论值185;未获得质量数实测值。
描述32
5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲醛(D32)
向(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯基)甲醇(D31,9g)在DCM(100mL)中的混合物中分批加入PCC(14g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将溶剂真空除去,得到粗产物,将其用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=1:20洗脱),得到标题化合物(5g),其为淡黄色固体。MS(ESI):C8H6FNO3理论值185;未获得质量数实测值。
描述33
5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(D33)
在0℃,将2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(5g)溶于浓H2SO4(20mL)中。向该溶液中逐渐加入NBS(6.2g)。将所得混合物在0℃搅拌2小时,然后温热至40℃。在40℃搅拌3小时后,将该混合物倒至冰/水中。将白色固体沉淀物过滤并干燥,得到标题化合物(7g),其为灰白色固体。MS(ESI):C8H6BrNO4理论值259;未获得质量数实测值。
描述34
5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(D34)
在0℃,向5-氯-2-甲基苯甲酸(50g)在浓H2SO4(300mL)中的溶液中分批加入硝酸(65%,1.92g)和浓硫酸(50mL)的混合物。将该混合物搅拌6小时,然后倒至冰(1kg)上。将所得混合物用水(100mL)稀释。过滤后,收集固体和再次溶于EA(300mL)。将该溶液用盐水洗涤,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将该残余物用EA和PE(2:1,50mL)洗涤两次,得到标题化合物(39g),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C8H6ClNO4理论值215;实测值216[M+H]+。
描述35
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酰基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D35)
在0℃,向5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸(D34,32.3g)、(S)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(25g)和DIPEA(43.6mL)在DMF(100mL)中的溶液中加入HATU(57.0g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜,然后倒至水中。将所得混合物过滤。将该固体溶于EA并用盐水洗涤三次。将有机溶液用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(47g),其为亮橙色固体。MS(ESI):C18H24ClN3O5理论值397;实测值342[M-tBu+H+H]+。
描述36
(S)-4-(5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酰基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D36)
D36使用与D35所述类似的步骤制备。MS(ESI):C18H24BrN3O5理论值441;实测值464[M+Na]+。
描述37
(S)-4-(5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D37)
在0℃,将(S)-4-(5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酰基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D36,3.8g)溶于THF(20mL)。在冰浴下,向该溶液中逐渐加入NaBH4(1.625g)。然后小心地滴加BF3.OEt2(5.44mL)。将该混合物在0℃搅拌2小时并在室温搅拌过夜。加入甲醇以淬灭该反应。除去该溶剂后,将该残余物用EA(2×20mL)和水(2×20mL)萃取。将合并的有机相用硫酸钠干燥并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(4.28g),其为淡黄色油。MS(ESI):C18H26BrN3O4理论值427;实测值428[M+H]+。
描述38
(S)-4-(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D38)
向5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲醛(D32,10g)和(S)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(12.03g)在DCM(120mL)中的溶液中加入数滴乙酸(3.28g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时。在冰浴中加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(23.15g)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜并用饱和NaHCO3溶液淬灭。将该有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(22.17g)。MS(ESI):C18H26FN3O4理论值367;实测值368[M+H]+。
描述39
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D39)
在0℃,将BH3.THF(1.0M的THF溶液,151mL)滴加至(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苯甲酰基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D35,30g)在THF(200mL)中的溶液中,历时10min。将该反应混合物加热至75℃并搅拌1小时,然后真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(28g),其为黄色油。MS(ESI):C18H26ClN3O4理论值383;实测值384[M+H]+。
描述40
(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D40)
将在密封管中的(S)-4-(5-溴-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D37,1.28g)、二氰基锌(0.505g)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(0.276g)的混合物在150℃微波中搅拌5小时。将该反应混合物用EA(20mL)稀释,倒至水(50mL)中,然后过滤。将该滤液用EA(20mL)萃取。将该有机相洗涤,干燥并浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=10%-30%洗脱),得到标题化合物(370mg)。MS(ESI):C19H26N4O4理论值374;实测值397[M+Na]+。
描述41
(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D41)
向在50℃氮气氛下搅拌的(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D39,30g)和镍(4.59g)在甲醇(200mL)中的溶液中加入肼(80%,12.26mL)。将该反应混合物在50℃搅拌1小时。将催化剂过滤并将该滤液浓缩。将该残余物真空干燥,得到标题化合物(27g),其为亮黄色油状物。MS(ESI):C18H28ClN3O2理论值353;实测值354[M+H]+。
描述42
(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氰基-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D42)
向(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D40,1010mg)在乙醇(10mL)中的溶液中加入氯化锡(II)二水合物(2587mg)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该混合物的pH值用碳酸氢钠溶液调节至约8。将白色沉淀物用硅藻土过滤。将该滤液浓缩,然后用EA(2×20mL)萃取。将合并的有机相用水(2×10mL)洗涤。将所得有机相真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(630mg),其为黄色油。MS(ESI):C19H28N4O2理论值344;实测值345[M+H]+。
描述43
(S)-1-(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-3-甲基哌嗪,二盐酸盐(D43)
向(S)-4-(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D38,4g)在DCM(15mL)中的溶液中加入氯化氢/MeOH(27.2mL)。将该混合物脱气并在室温氮气氛下搅拌12小时。将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(3.1g)。MS(ESI):C13H18FN3O2理论值267;实测值268[M+H]+。
描述44
(S)-1-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-3-甲基哌嗪(D44)
向(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D39,1.5138g)在DCM(15mL)中的溶液中滴加TFA(3.04mL)。将所得混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该溶剂真空除去。将该残余物用DCM(10mL)稀释并用饱和Na2CO3溶液中和至pH=9。然后加入NaOH溶液(2M)以调节pH值至11。将该水相分离并用DCM(2×15mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(1.17g),其为淡黄色油。MS(ESI):C13H18ClN3O2理论值283;实测值284[M+H]+。
描述45
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(D45)
向(S)-1-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-3-甲基哌嗪(D44,489mg)和TEA(0.426mL)在THF(5mL)中的溶液中加入氯甲酸环戊酯(340mg)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该混合物溶于EA(20mL)中,然后用水(3×10mL)洗涤。将有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(530mg),其为黄色油。MS(ESI):C19H26ClN3O4理论值395;实测值396[M+H]+。
描述46
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D46)
将(S)-1-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-3-甲基哌嗪(D44,800mg),TEA(1.965mL)和三光气(669mg)在THF(20mL)中的混合物在0℃搅拌30分钟。然后加入环丙基甲胺(201mg),并将该混合物在室温搅拌20小时。将混合物真空浓缩并将该粗产物用柱色谱(用EA:PE=1:10至1:2洗脱)纯化,得到标题化合物(780mg),其为无色油。MS(ESI):C18H25ClN4O3理论值380;实测值381[M+H]+。
描述47-51
描述47-51使用与D46所述类似的步骤制备,具体反应溶剂和碱列于表中。
D47:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环丙基甲基酯
D48:(S)-(4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮
D49:(S)-(4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲酮
D50:(S)-(4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(3-甲基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)甲酮
D51:(S)-(4-(5-氟-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮
描述52
(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(D52)
向化合物(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(D45,530mg)在乙醇(10mL)中的溶液中加入氯化锡(II)二水合物(1284mg)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该混合物的pH值用碳酸氢钠水溶液调节至约8。将白色沉淀物用硅藻土过滤并将该滤液真空浓缩。将所得残余物用EA(2×20mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用水(2×10mL)洗涤并用无水Na2SO4干燥。过滤后,将该滤液真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(418mg),其为黄色油。MS(ESI):C19H28ClN3O2理论值365;实测值366[M+H]+。
描述53
(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环丙基甲酯(D53)
D53使用与D52所述类似的步骤制备。MS(ESI):C18H26ClN3O2理论值351;实测值352[M+H]+。
描述54
(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54)
向(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-硝基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D46,780mg)在甲醇(50mL)中的溶液中加入饱和氯化铵(1095mg)溶液和铁(915mg)。然后将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时。将该混合物通过硅藻土垫过滤并用MeOH洗涤。将该滤液浓缩并分配于EA和水之间。将该有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(670mg),其为无色油。MS(ESI):C18H27ClN4O理论值350;实测值351[M+H]+。
描述55-58
描述55-58使用与描述54所述类似的步骤制备。
D55:(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮
D56:(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲酮
D57:(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(3-甲基氮杂环丁烷-1-基)甲酮
D58:(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氟-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮
描述59
3-(2-((5-氯-3-(((S)-4-((环丙基甲基)氨基甲酰基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-2-甲基苯基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D59)
将EDC(82mg)、HOBT(43.6mg)、2-(1-(叔丁氧羰基)吡咯烷-3-基)乙酸(65.3mg)和(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,100mg)在DCM(10mL)中的混合物在25℃搅拌2天。加入冷水(50mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=0%-100%洗脱),得到标题化合物(150mg)。MS(ESI):C29H44ClN5O4理论值561;实测值562[M+H]+。
描述60
2-(2-((5-氯-3-(((S)-4-((环丙基甲基)氨基甲酰基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-2-甲基苯基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D60)
D60使用与D59所述类似的步骤制备,DCM/DIPEA作为溶剂/碱。MS(ESI):C29H44ClN5O4理论值561;实测值562[M+H]+。
描述61
(2S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(2-(吡咯烷-3-基)乙酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,二盐酸盐(D61)
将3-(2-((5-氯-3-(((S)-4-((环丙基甲基)氨基甲酰基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-2-甲基苯基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D59,120mg)和HCl溶液(4M的二噁烷溶液,1mL)的混合物搅拌2小时。将该溶剂蒸发,得到标题化合物(100mg),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C24H36ClN5O2理论值461;实测值462[M+H]+。
描述62
(2S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(2-(吡咯烷-2-基)乙酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,二盐酸盐(D62)
向2-(2-((5-氯-3-(((S)-4-((环丙基甲基)氨基甲酰基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-2-甲基苯基)氨基)-2-氧代乙基)吡咯烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D60,50mg)在甲醇(10mL)中的溶液中加入浓HCl(180mg)。将该混合物在60℃搅拌3小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(30mg),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C24H36ClN5O2理论值461;实测值462[M+H]+。
描述63
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-氟-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D63)
将(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D41,913mg)、5-氟-6-甲基烟酸(D19,400mg)、HATU(980mg)和DIPEA(0.450mL)在DCM(100mL)中的溶液在室温搅拌18小时。将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(1.2g),其为红色油。MS(ESI):C25H32ClFN4O3理论值490;实测值491[M+H]+。
描述64
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D64)
向6-甲基烟酸,盐酸盐(450mg)在DCM(10mL)中的混合物中缓慢加入草酰氯(1mL)。将该混合物在室温搅拌0.5小时。将该混合物真空浓缩并将该残余物用DCM(10mL)稀释并将该溶液缓慢加至(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D41,1.2g)和DIPEA(1.07mL)在DCM(10mL)中的溶液中。将该混合物在室温搅拌1小时。加入冷水(30mL)并将该混合物用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得残余物用柱色谱纯化(用EA:PE=1:1洗脱),得到标题化合物(1g),其为紫色油状物。MS(ESI):C25H33ClN4O3理论值472;实测值473[M+H]+。
描述65-66
描述65-66使用与描述64所述类似的步骤制备,具体反应溶剂和碱列于表中。
D65:(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-甲氧基-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯
D66:(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯
描述67
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-5-氟-6-甲基烟酰胺,2三氟乙酸盐(D67)
向(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-氟-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D63,1.2g)在DCM(20mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(1.883mL)。将该混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(900mg),其为黄色固体。MS(ESI):C21H27ClN4O2理论值390;实测值391[M+H]+。
描述68
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-5-甲氧基-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D68)
向(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-甲氧基-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D65,80mg)在MeOH(20mL)中的溶液中加入HCl溶液(4M的二噁烷溶液,0.112mL)。在60℃搅拌4小时后,将该混合物真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(100mg),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C21H27ClN4O2理论值402;实测值403[M+H]+。
描述69
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D69)
将(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D64,1.0g)在DCM(6mL)中的混合物中加入HCl溶液(4M的二噁烷溶液,1.057mL)。将该混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后真空浓缩,得到标题化合物(1.07g),其为亮黄色固体。MS(ESI):C20H25ClN4O理论值372;实测值373[M+H]+。
描述70
(S)-N-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D70)
将(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸叔丁酯(D66,300mg)加至HCl(5M的异丙醇溶液,1.294mL)的乙醇(20mL)溶液中。将该反应混合物在80℃搅拌过夜。将溶剂真空除去并将该残余物在EA中研磨,得到标题化合物(280mg),其为白色固体。MS(ESI):C21H25N5O理论值363;实测值364[M+H]+。
实施例1
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5,6-二甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E1)
向5,6-二甲基烟酸(D3,51.7mg)、HATU(162mg)和DIPEA(73.7mg)在DMF(1.5mL)中的混合物中加入(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,100mg)。将该混合物在50℃搅拌15小时。将该混合物用水淬灭并用EA(2×50mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。将该残余物用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(30mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):8.84(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),8.14(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.19(brs,1H),3.74(d,J=12.8Hz,1H),3.52(s,2H),3.10-3.02(m,3H),2.83(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),2.71(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.61(s,3H),2.44(s,3H),2.32(s,3H),2.26-2.22(m,1H),2.10-2.05(m,1H),1.25(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.03-0.99(m,1H),0.49-0.44(m,2H),0.22-0.18(m,2H)。MS(ESI):C26H34ClN5O2理论值483;实测值484[M+H]+。
实施例2-19
实施例2-19使用实施例1所述的类似步骤制备,具体反应溶剂和碱列于表中。
E2:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(3-(甲基磺酰基)丙酰基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊基酯
E3:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(3-(甲基磺酰基)丙酰基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环丙基甲基酯
E4:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺
E5:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺
E6:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-4,4,4-三氟丁酰胺
E7:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-氰基异烟酰胺
E8:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-氰基烟酰胺
E9:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-5-氰基-6-甲基烟酰胺
E10和E11:N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(((S)-3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-((1r,4S)-4-羟基环己基)乙酰胺和N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(((S)-3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-((1s,4R)-4-羟基环己基)乙酰胺
E12:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-5,5,5-三氟戊酰胺
E13:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-乙基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺
E14:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-氰基异烟酰胺
E15:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-氰基烟酰胺
E16:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-4,4,4-三氟丁酰胺
E17:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-甲基嘧啶-5-甲酰胺
E18:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(3-甲基氮杂环丁烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-氰基异烟酰胺
E19:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(3-甲基氮杂环丁烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-氰基烟酰胺
实施例20
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-2-(3,3-二氟环丁基)乙酰胺,三氟乙酸盐(E20)
将(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲酮(D56,97mg)、2-(3,3-二氟环丁基)乙酸(D13,40mg)、EDC(77mg)和DIPEA(0.093mL)在DMF(5mL)中的混合物搅拌16小时。加入冷水(30mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱(用EA:PE=50%-100%洗脱)和制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(10mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):7.45(brs,2H),4.39-4.38(m,2H),3.38-3.22(m,11H),2.77-2.75(m,2H),2.70-2.67(m,2H),2.62-2.60(m,1H),2.43-2.32(m,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.67-1.57(m,6H),1.28-1.24(m,3H)。19FNMR(376MHz,MeOD-d4):-77.13,-84.44,-96.75。MS(ESI):C25H35ClF2N4O2理论值496;实测值497[M+H]+。
实施例21
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(6-乙基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E21)
将6-乙基烟酸(D15,43.1mg)、(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,100mg)、EDC(82mg)和HOBT(65.5mg)在DMF(5mL)中的混合物在25℃搅拌2天。加入冷水(30mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得残余物用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(20mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.02(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.30(dd,J=8.0Hz,2.0Hz,1H),7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.30(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.17(brs,1H),3.72(d,J=12.8Hz,1H),3.50(s,2H),3.12-2.97(m,3H),2.94-2.89(m,2H),2.81(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),2.69(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.31(s,3H),2.25-2.21(m,1H),2.09-2.02(m,1H),1.34(t,J=7.6Hz,3H),1.23(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),1.04-0.95(m,1H),0.47-0.42(m,2H),0.21-0.17(m,2H)。MS(ESI):C26H34ClN5O2理论值483;实测值484[M+H]+。
实施例22
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-氯烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E22)
将5-氯烟酸(22.45mg)和亚硫酰氯(1mL)的混合物在60℃搅拌5小时。冷却至室温后,将该混合物减压浓缩至干。将该残余物再溶于DCM(10mL)中,将其在0℃缓慢加至(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,50mg)和DIPEA(5mL)在DCM(10mL)中的混合物。将该混合物在室温搅拌2小时,然后用水洗涤。将该有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到该粗产物,将其用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(30mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):9.07(s,1H),8.74(brs,2H),8.33(s,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.18(s,1H),4.52-4.49(m,1H),3.93(brs,1H),3.52(d,J=12.4Hz,1H),3.44(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.34(d,J=12.8Hz,1H),3.08-3.05(m,2H),2.96-2.89(m,1H),2.58-2.55(m,2H),2.28(s,3H),2.21-2.18(m,1H),1.94-1.87(m,1H),1.17(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),0.93-0.90(m,1H),0.51-0.46(m,2H),0.17(d,J=4.8Hz,2H)。MS(ESI):C24H29Cl2N5O2理论值489;实测值490[M+H]+。
实施例23
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-氟-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E23)
向5-氟-6-甲基烟酸(D19,44.2mg)在DCM(10mL)中的混合物中加入草酰氯(109mg)和2滴DMF。将该反应在0℃搅拌5小时。然后将该混合物减压浓缩至干。将该残余物再溶于DCM(10mL)中,将其在0℃缓慢加至(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,100mg)和DIPEA(5mL)在DCM(10mL)中的混合物中。将该反应混合物温热至室温并搅拌2小时。将该混合物用水(15mL)洗涤。将该有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩,得到粗产物,将其用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(24mg),其为白色固体。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):8.82(s,1H),7.97(s,1H),7.92(dd,J=8.8Hz,1.2Hz,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.18(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.47(t,J=5.2Hz,1H),4.03(brs,1H),3.64(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.46-3.38(m,2H),3.11-3.02(m,3H),2.70(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.63(d,J=3.2Hz,3H),2.60-2.56(m,1H),2.32(s,3H),2.26-2.22(m,1H),2.05-2.00(m,1H),1.22(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),0.98-0.95(m,1H),0.50-0.47(m,2H),0.19-0.17(m,2H)。MS(ESI):C25H31ClFN5O2理论值487;实测值488[M+H]+。
实施例24
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(3-氰基苯甲酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,三氟乙酸盐(E24)
向(S)-4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(D54,80mg)在DCM(10mL)中的溶液中加入3-氰基苯甲酰氯(37.8mg)和DIPEA(0.119mL)。搅拌4小时后,将该混合物浓缩,得到黄色油状物,将其用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(80mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):10.32(brs,1H),9.38(brs,1H),8.41(s,1H),8.27(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.78(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.65-7.60(m,2H),6.78(brs,1H),4.47(brs,2H),4.02-3.96(m,1H),3.31(brs,2H),3.10(brs,2H),2.95-2.87(m,2H),2.21(s,3H),1.20(brs,3H),0.95-0.88(m,1H),0.39-0.33(m,2H),0.23-0.16(m,2H)。19F NMR(376MHz,DMSO-d6):-74.3。MS(ESI):C26H30ClN5O2理论值479;实测值480[M+H]+
实施例25
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-氰基苯甲酰胺(E25)
向(S)-(4-(3-氨基-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(吡咯烷-1-基)甲酮(D55,160mg)和DMAP(167mg)在DCM(30mL)中的溶液中加入3-氰基苯甲酰氯(151mg)。将该混合物在40℃搅拌过夜。冷却至室温后,将该混合物浓缩并将所得残余物用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(20mg)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):8.52(s,1H),8.28(s,1H),8.21(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.89(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.80-7.78(m,1H),7.68(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.29-7.28(m,1H),4.23(d,J=14.0Hz,1H),4.12(d,J=13.6Hz,1H),3.67-3.64(m,1H),3.52-3.47(m,1H),3.36(brs,5H),3.25-3.22(m,1H),3.05-2.98(m,2H),2.31(s,3H),1.88-1.87(m,4H),1.42(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。MS(ESI):C26H30ClN5O2理论值479;实测值480[M+H]+。
实施例26
(S)-N-(5-氟-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺(E26)
使用与实施例25所述类似的步骤制备实施例26。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.01(s,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.4Hz,2.4Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.13-7.07(m,2H),3.99-3.97(m,1H),3.50(s,2H),3.45(d,J=13.2Hz,1H),3.37(brs,4H),3.26-3.19(m,1H),2.76(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),2.67-2.64(m,4H),2.32-2.29(m,4H),2.19-2.12(m,1H),1.86-1.85(m,4H),1.30(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。MS(ESI):C25H32FN5O2理论值453;实测值454[M+H]+。
实施例27
(2S)-4-(3-(2-(1-乙酰基吡咯烷-3-基)乙酰氨基)-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,三氟乙酸盐(E27)
在0℃,向TEA(0.030mL)和(2S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(2-(吡咯烷-3-基)乙酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺,二盐酸盐(D61,100mg)在DCM(10mL)中的溶液中加入乙酰氯(16.99mg)。将该混合物在这一温度搅拌30min。加入冷水(30mL)并将所得混合物用饱和NaHCO3溶液中和。将该水层用DCM(2×100mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将该残余物用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(20mg)。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):7.55-7.53(m,2H),4.52-4.42(m,3H),4.09(d,J=14.4Hz,1H),3.83-3.35(m,5.5H),3.29-3.24(m,2H),3.16-2.98(m,3.5H),2.80-2.52(m,3H),2.30-2.13(m,4H),2.06(d,3H),1.86-1.65(m,1H),1.30(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),1.05-0.95(m,1H),0.48-0.44(m,2H),0.21-0.18(m,2H)。19F NMR(376MHz,MeOD-d4):-77.28。MS(ESI):C26H38ClN5O3理论值503;实测值504[M+H]+。
实施例28
(2S)-4-(3-(2-(1-乙酰基吡咯烷-2-基)乙酰氨基)-5-氯-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E28)
实施例28使用与实施例27所述类似的步骤进行制备。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):7.57(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.52(s,1H),4.49-4.40(m,4H),4.10-4.07(m,1H),3.65-3.38(m,4.5H),3.28-3.21(m,1.5H),3.09-2.96(m,4H),2.52-2.46(m,1H),2.31(d,J=2.8Hz,3H),2.13-1.92(m,7H),1.31(d,J=7.2Hz,3H),1.06-0.96(m,1H),0.50-0.45(m,2H),0.23-0.19(m,2H)。MS(ESI):C26H38ClN5O3理论值503;实测值504[M+H]+。
实施例29
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-环戊基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E29)
向(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D69,100mg)、三光气(39.8mg)在DCM(15mL)中的溶液中加入DIPEA(0.281mL)。将该混合物搅拌1小时。然后将环戊胺(22.83mg)加至上述混合物中。将该混合物再搅拌2小时。加入冷水(30mL)并将该水层用DCM(2×30mL)萃取。将合并的有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将该残余物用柱色谱(用EA:PE=50%-100%洗脱)和制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(15mg)。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.00(d,J=1.2Hz,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.0Hz,2.0Hz,1H),7.48(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),4.18(brs,1H),4.06-4.00(m,1H),3.71(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),3.50(s,2H),3.11-3.04(m,1H),2.80(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.69(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),2.64(s,3H),2.30(s,3H),2.24-2.20(m,1H),2.08-2.01(m,1H),1.96-1.88(m,2H),1.75-1.66(m,2H),1.62-1.52(m,2H),1.48-1.39(m,2H),1.21(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。MS(ESI):C26H34ClN5O2理论值483;实测值484[M+H]+。
实施例30
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺(E30)
将(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D69,150mg)、TEA(0.280mL)和三光气(95mg)在DCM(20mL)中的混合物在0℃搅拌30分钟。加入哌啶(34.3mg)后,将该混合物在室温搅拌2小时。将该混合物真空浓缩并将该粗产物用制备型HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(52mg),其为白色固体。1H NMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.02(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.29(dd,J=8.0Hz,2.4Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.37(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),3.89-3.88(m,1H),3.51(s,2H),3.34-3.21(m,6H),2.74(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),2.65-2.61(m,4H),2.31-2.32(m,4H),2.17-2.15(m,1H),1.64-1.56(m,6H),1.28(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。MS(ESI):C26H34ClN5O2理论值483;实测值484[M+H]+。
实施例31-43
实施例31-43使用实施例30所述的类似步骤制备,具体反应溶剂和碱列于表中。
E31:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(3-甲基氮杂环丁烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺
E32:(S)-N-(3-((4-(氮杂环丁烷-1-羰基)-3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)-5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺
E33:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基-N-(3-甲基环丁基)哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E34:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E35:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丁基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E36:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-N,2-二甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E37:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-(环丁基甲基)-N,2-二甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E38:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-异丙基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E39:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-异丁基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E40:(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-环丁基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E41:(S)-N-(叔丁基)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
E42:(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-5-氟-6-甲基烟酰胺
E43:(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5-甲氧基-6-甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺
实施例44
(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(E44)
向(S)-N-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺,二盐酸盐(D70,40mg)和TEA(0.014mL)在THF(10mL)中的溶液中加入氯甲酸环戊酯(29.7mg)。将该混合物在室温搅拌过夜。将该混合物在EA中稀释并用水洗涤三次。将有机层用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得残余物用MADP纯化,得到标题化合物(4mg),其为白色固体。1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD-d4):9.11(brs,1H),8.49(d,J=7.83Hz,1H),7.87(brs,2H),7.67(d,J=7.82Hz,1H),5.12(brs,2H),4.69-3.86(m,3.5H),2.91-2.32(m,7.5H),2.11-1.51(m,9H),1.32(d,J=6.60Hz,5H)。MS(ESI):C27H33N5O3,理论值475;实测值476[M+H]+。
生物学数据
如上所述,所述式I化合物是RORγ调节剂且可用于治疗由RORγ介导的疾病。式I化合物的生物活性可使用用于确定作为RORγ调节剂的候选化合物的活性的任意合适测试以及组织和体内模型进行确定。
双重荧光共振能量转移(FRET)测试
该测试是基于这样的知识,即核受体以配体依赖性方式与辅因子(转录因子)相互作用。RORγ是典型的核受体,即其在配体结合域(LBD)中具有与辅激活因子相互作用的AF2结构域。相互作用的位点被绘图为辅激活因子SRC1(2)序列的LXXLL基序。含有LXXLL基序的短肽序列模拟全长辅激活因子的行为。
该测试测量辅激活因子肽与纯化的细菌表达的RORγ配体结合域(RORγ-LBD)的配体介导的相互作用,来间接评估配体结合。在不存在配体的情况下,RORγ具有与辅激活因子SRC1(2)的相互作用的基础水平,从而有可能发现抑制或增强RORγ/SRC1(2)相互作用的配体。
材料
产生RORγ-LBD细菌表达质粒
人RORγ配体结合域(RORγ-LBD)在大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中表达为氨基末端多组氨酸标记的融合蛋白。将编码该重组蛋白的DNA亚克隆至修饰的pET21a表达载体(Novagen)中。将修饰的多组氨酸标记(MKKHHHHHHLVPRGS)在框(frame)中融合至人RORγ序列的残基263-518。
蛋白质纯化
将约50g大肠杆菌细胞团粒再悬浮于300mL裂解缓冲液(30mM咪唑pH 7.0和150mMNaCl)中。通过超声处理裂解细胞,然后通过在4℃以20,000g离心30分钟来除去细胞碎片。澄清的上清液过滤通过0.45uM乙酸纤维素膜滤器。将澄清的裂解液装载至柱(XK-26)上,所述柱用ProBond镍螯合树脂(Invitrogen)填充,用30mM咪唑pH 7.0和150mM NaCl预平衡。用平衡缓冲液洗涤至基线吸收后,将柱用30-500mM咪唑pH 7.0的梯度展开。将含有RORγ-LBD蛋白的柱级份汇集并浓缩至体积5ml。将浓缩的蛋白质装载至Superdex 200柱上,所述柱用20mM Tris-Cl pH 7.2和200mM NaCl预平衡。将含有期望的RORγ-LBD蛋白的级份汇集在一起。
蛋白质生物素化
如下对纯化的RORγ-LBD进行缓冲液更换:相对PBS[100mM磷酸钠,pH 8和150mMNaCl]彻底透析[至少20体积的(>8000x)的3次更换]。RORγ-LBD在PBS中的浓度为约30uM。将5倍克分子浓度过量的NHS-LC-Biotin(Pierce)加入最小体积的PBS中。将该溶液在周围室温孵育60分钟,并不时轻轻混合。修饰的RORγ-LBD相对2次缓冲液更换-含有5mM DTT、2mM EDTA和2%蔗糖的TBS pH 8.0–进行透析,每次至少20倍体积。将修饰的蛋白质分配成等份,在干冰上冷冻,并在-80℃贮存。对生物素化的RORγ-LBD进行质谱分析以揭示经生物素化试剂修饰的程度。一般而言,约95%的所述蛋白质具有至少一个生物素化位点,以及生物素化的总体程度遵循范围为1-5个的多个位点的正态分布。使用类似方法产生对应于辅激活因子甾体激素受体共活化物SRC1(2)的氨基酸676至700(CPSSHSSLTERHKILHRLLQEGSPS)的生物素化的肽。
测试
制备铕标记的SRC1(2)肽:生物素化的SRC1(2)溶液如下制备:从100uM储备溶液中加入适量的生物素化的SRC1(2)至含有10mM新鲜添加的DTT(来自固体)的缓冲液,得到40nM的最终浓度。然后将适量的铕标记的链亲和素加到于管中的生物素化的SRC1(2)溶液中,得到10nM的最终浓度。将管轻轻倒置并在室温孵育15分钟。加入来自10mM储备溶液的过量20倍的生物素,然后将管轻轻倒置并在室温孵育10分钟。
制备APC标记的RORγ-LBD:生物素化的RORγ-LBD溶液如下制备:从储备溶液中加入适量的生物素化的RORγ-LBD至含有10mM新鲜添加的DTT(来自固体)的缓冲液,得到40nM的最终浓度。然后将适量的APC标记的链亲和素加到于管中的生物素化的RORγ-LBD溶液中,得到20nM的最终浓度。将管轻轻倒置并在室温孵育15分钟。加入来自10mM储备溶液的过量20倍的生物素,然后将管轻轻倒置并在室温孵育10分钟。
将等体积的上述铕标记的SRC1(2)肽和APC标记的RORγ-LBD轻轻混合在一起,得到20nM RORγ-LBD、10nM APC-链亲和素、20nM SRC1(2)和5nM铕-链亲和素。将反应混合物孵育5分钟。使用Thermo Combi Multidrop384stacker装置,将25ul反应混合物/孔加至384孔测试板,所述板每孔含有于100%DMSO中的1ul测试化合物。将板孵育1小时,然后在ViewLux上以EU/APC的Lance模式读取。
Jurkat细胞荧光素酶测试
已知RORγ结合至IL17启动子中的CNS(保守的非编码序列)增强子元件。在该测试中,RORγ活性使用荧光素酶报道分子构建物间接评价,所述荧光素酶报道分子构建物含有具有RORγ特异性CNS增强子元件的人IL17启动子。化合物对RORγ活性的抑制将导致用所述报道分子构建物转染的Jurkat细胞的荧光素酶活性的降低。
材料
Jurkat细胞系
对于荧光素酶报道分子质粒,从人基因组DNA对含有RORγ特异性CNS增强子元件的3Kb人IL17启动子进行PCR扩增,然后克隆到测序为XhoI-HindIII(1.1Kb)和KpnI-XhoI(1.9Kb)片段的pGL4-Luc2/hygro报道分子质粒中。对于1.1Kb片段,使用PCR从293T细胞的基因组DNA扩增人IL17近侧启动子区,使用的引物如下:正向引物,5'-CTCGAGTAGAGCAGGACAGGGAGGAA-3'(XhoI位点加了下划线)和反向引物,5'-AAGCTTGGATGGATGAGTTTGTGCCT-3'(HindIII位点加了下划线)。切割所述1.1kb DNA带,纯化,并插入到pMD19-T Simple载体(Takara)中。DNA序列测定确认后,所述1.1kb DNA用XhoI和HindIII消化并插入到pGL4.31[luc2P/GAL4UAS/Hygro](Promega)的XhoI/HindIII位点,产生所述pIL17-1kb-luc报道分子构建物。对于所述1.9Kb片段,使用PCR从基因组DNA扩增人IL17启动子区,使用的引物如下:正向引物,5'-GGTACCTGCCCTGCTCTATCCTGAGT-3'(KpnI位点加了下划线)和反向引物,5'-CTCGAGTGGTGAGTGCTGAGAGATGG-3'(XhoI位点加了下划线)。切割所得1.9kb DNA带,凝胶纯化,并克隆到pMD19-T Simple载体(Takara)中。DNA序列测定分析揭示,存在三个点突变,但是没有一个影响RORγ结合。通过用KpnI和XhoI双重消化释放1.9kb DNA片段并插入到pIL17-1kb-luc中,产生荧光素酶报道分子质粒“pIL17-3kb-CNS-luc.”。为了表达RORγt,将与所公开的序列NM_001001523一致的人RORγt的全长cDNA在KpnI-NotI克隆位点克隆到pcDNA3.1中,产生RORγt过表达质粒“CDNA3.1DhRORγ49-8”。
将荧光素酶报道分子质粒和RORγt过表达质粒转染到Jurkat细胞系中,然后鉴定稳定的克隆。将稳定的克隆在于RPMI(1640)中的10%透析的FBS中培养,所述RPMI(1640)含有800ug/ml遗传霉素和400ug/ml潮霉素。
测试
将化合物以三个浓度(10mM、400uM和16uM)溶于DMSO中,然后分别以40nl、12.5nl、5nl分配到384孔测试板中。用纯的DMSO调节体积,得到最终均一的体积40nl。对上述Jurkat细胞进行计数并离心。弃去生长培养基,然后将细胞用测试培养基(不含酚红的RPMI)以1E-6/ml再悬浮。将细胞加到测试板中的每种化合物中。细胞为未处理的或用CD3微珠子(Miltenyi Biotec)以1ul珠子/500,000个细胞处理。将细胞培养过夜并进行荧光素酶测试(Promega)。经ViewLux(使用荧光素酶Greiner 384设置)收集数据。
Th17细胞分化测试
ELISA
使用CD4+T细胞分离II试剂盒根据制造商(Miltenyi Biotec)指示纯化小鼠CD4+细胞。96孔板用抗mCD3抗体预涂覆。未涂覆的孔作为对照。将CD4+细胞再悬浮于RPMI 1640完全培养基中,然后加到所述96孔板中。然后将细胞因子混合物(Cytokine cocktail)和化合物加到孔中。用于所述测试的抗体和细胞因子(所有都来自R&D系统)选自以下:抗mCD3;抗mCD28;抗mIFNγ;抗mIL4;mIL-6;mIL-23;mIL-1β;hTGF-β1。将培养基在37℃孵育3天,然后收集上清液进行ELISA。根据制造商(R&D系统)指示进行IL-17ELISAs。结果使用Prism软件分析,用非线性回归确定pIC50。
细胞内染色
将上述的Th17分化培养基维持5天,然后根据制造商(BD Biosciences)指示经IL-17和IFN-γ细胞内染色分析细胞。
测试数据
如果进行多次测定,那么下述数据表示多次测试结果的平均pIC50值。应理解,根据进行该测试人员所用的具体条件和步骤,下示数据可具有合理的变化。
所有示例性化合物均在上述双重FRET测试中进行测定,除了实施例11、13、17、20、28和44。发现所有测试化合物均具有5-8的pIC50。
所有示例性化合物均在上述Jurkat细胞荧光素酶测试中进行测定,除了实施例2-16、18-20、22、25、26-28、30-33、35、36、38、42和43。发现所有测试化合物均具有6-9的pIC50。
所有示例性化合物均在上述Th17细胞分化测试中进行测定,除了实施例3、6、8-13、16-19、26-28、32、33和38-40。发现所有测试化合物均具有6-9的pIC50。
EAE研究
实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)是多发性硬化的动物模型。在EAE研究中测量了测试化合物改善EAE的能力。将C57BL/6(B6)品系的野生型小鼠维持在无病原体的条件下。EAE如下诱导:静脉注射100ng百日咳毒素(List Biological Laboratories),然后在第0天用由在PBS中的MOG35-55肽(300μg/小鼠)和等体积的完全弗氏佐剂(Difco Laboratories)组成的乳液进行皮下免疫,所述完全弗氏佐剂含有5mg/ml热灭活的结核分枝杆菌H37Ra,接着如前所述在第2天进行另一静脉注射100ng的百日咳毒素(Wang等人(2006)J.Clin.Invest.116:2434-2441)。为了治疗EAE,每种化合物或媒介物PBS从第0天开始以选自3、10、30和100mg/kg的不同剂量口服给药,一天两次。使用EAE评分系统对小鼠的每日疾病严重度进行评分(Wang等人(2006)J.Clin.Invest.116:2434-2441):0,没有明显的疾病迹象;1,柔弱的尾部(limp tail)或后肢无力但两者不同时存在;2,柔弱的尾部和下肢轻瘫(无力,一个或两个后肢不完全麻痹);3,截瘫(两个后肢完全麻痹);4,截瘫伴前肢无力或麻痹;5,濒死状态或死亡。临床评分数据可表示为平均值±S.E.M。
体外经皮研究
体外经皮研究旨在预测针对银屑病的局部制剂的化合物获得的经皮渗透水平。该测试与化合物的内在效能一起用于预测化合物与靶标接合的成功的可能性。经皮渗透与内在效能的比例越高,局部皮肤浓度与内在效能的比例就越高,因此在局部制剂中化合物与靶标接合的可能性就越大。
化合物在经pH=6的改性的水性乳膏中制备。
水性乳膏组成
该研究可以用来自三种皮肤供体的经植皮的(dermatomed)人腹部皮肤进行,使用2cm2Franz扩散池(diffusion cell)。接收流体由在0.1%w/v叠氮化钠/磷酸盐缓冲生理盐水中的牛血清白蛋白(4%w/v)组成,然后可在37℃加热,为的是在皮肤表面达到32℃。可将乳膏制剂施用在供体侧,以10mg剂量,即,5mg/cm2。可在以下时间点取样:t=0、3、6、9和24h。然后可如下测试接受者样品:使用基于用乙腈使蛋白质沉淀的方法,接着进行LC/MS/MS分析。可使用历时24小时每cm2渗透至接受者隔室的个体的API(以多种组成)确定经皮流量(表示为ng/cm2/小时)。
咪喹莫特-诱导的皮肤炎症
咪喹莫特是一种免疫调节剂,其有效地活化特异性Toll样受体(例如,TLR7)并诱导需要免疫系统IL23R/RORγ/IL17轴的皮肤的刺激/炎症(van der Fits等人,(2009)JImmunol;182:5836-5845;Gray等人,(2013)Nature Immunol;Jun;14(6):584-92)。所述咪喹莫特-诱导的皮肤炎症模型可用于评估RORγ抑制剂降低小鼠中Th17-驱动的炎症的能力。对于耳厚度用计数工程师的测径器(Mitutoyo PK-0505)测量的仅耳皮肤炎症模型而言,8-12周龄的雌性野生型C57BL/6NTac小鼠可获自Taconic(Hudson,NY),并被给予每日局部剂量的10mg市售咪喹莫特乳膏(5%)(Aldara;Medicis),所述乳膏在大约11:00h分布于双耳,连续至多4天。或者,在大约11:00h将72mg的Aldara分布于小鼠的双耳和剃毛/脱毛的背部皮肤上连续3天,以检测RORγ-依赖性基因表达(使用Qiazol从双耳分离RNA,然后用RNeasy方案(Qiagen,Germantown,MD)净化;Taqman探针/引物针对B2M(Mm00437762_m1)、IL-17A(Mm00439619_m1)、IL-17F(Mm00521423_m1)或IL-22(Mm00444241_m1)(ThermoFisher Scientific,Inc.,Waltham,MA)设置,并离体刺激(抗-CD3(2ug/ml,克隆eBio500A2,eBioscience,San Diego,CA)、抗-CD28(1ug/ml,克隆37.51,BD Bioscience,San Jose,CA)、重组小鼠IL-1β(20ng/ml,R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN)和重组小鼠IL-23(20ng/ml,R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN)全血中(Meso Scale Discovery,Rockville,MD)IL-17A蛋白的表达。对于治疗这些模型中的皮肤炎症,将各化合物或媒介物(甲基纤维素的水溶液,1%w/v,Sigma Aldrich,St.Louis,MO)在大约08:00h和16:00h,通过口服强饲法以选自1、3、10和30mg/kg的不同剂量每日给药。
人外周血CD4+T细胞培养和细胞因子分析
人生物样品是购自AllCells,LLC和/或Stemcell Technologies,Inc的冷冻保存的人CD4+T细胞。所述CD4+T细胞通过以下被分化成Th17亚型:在Th17偏移混合物(skewingcocktail)(包含IL-1β(10ng/mL)、IL-6(30ng/mL)、TGFβ(0.5ng/mL)、IL-21(10ng/mL)、IL-23(10ng/mL)、抗-IFNγ(10μg/mL)和抗-IL-4(10μg/mL))的存在下,在用抗-CD3抗体(2μg/mL)涂布的组织培养板中的Iscove改良的Dulbecco培养基(IMDM)中培养5天,所述培养基含有10%HI-FBS、55μM 2-巯基乙醇和可溶性抗-CD28(3μg/mL)。为了检测化合物对Th17极化的影响,将在补充有所有Th17极化混合成分(上文)的IMDM中的新鲜解冻的CD4+细胞以低细胞密度(20,000细胞/孔)直接接种到已含有连续稀释的化合物的抗-CD3涂布的圆底96孔板上。将细胞在37℃不受干扰地培养5天。培养后,分别立即通过MSD电化学发光细胞因子测定(Mesoscale Discovery)和ELISA(Quantikine assay,R&D Systems)分析上清液中的分泌的IL-17A和IL-22蛋白。化合物处理以一式三份进行。
使用方法
式(I)化合物是RORγ调节剂且可用于治疗由RORγ介导的疾病,特别是自身免疫性或炎性疾病。本发明炎性或自身免疫性疾病的实例包括多发性硬化、类风湿性关节炎、银屑病、强直性脊柱炎、克罗恩病、炎性肠病、斯耶格伦综合征、视神经炎、慢性阻塞性肺病、哮喘、Ⅰ型糖尿病、视神经脊髓炎、重症肌无力、葡萄膜炎、格林-巴利综合症、银屑病性关节炎、格雷夫斯病和变态反应。因此,在另一方面,本发明涉及治疗由RORγ介导的自身免疫性和炎性疾病的方法。
在另一方面,本发明还提供了式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物,其用于治疗。
在另一方面,本发明还提供了式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂合物,其用于治疗由RORγ介导的炎性和自身免疫性疾病。
在另一方面,本发明提供了式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗多发性硬化。
在另一方面,本发明提供了式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗强直性脊柱炎。
在另一方面,本发明涉及治疗由RORγ介导的炎性或自身免疫性疾病的方法,其包括向有此需要的人给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。
还在其他方面,本发明涉及治疗多发性硬化的方法,其包括向有此需要的人给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。
还在其他方面,本发明涉及治疗强直性脊柱炎的方法,其包括向有此需要的人给药治疗有效量的式(I)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一方面,本发明涉及式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗由RORγ介导的炎性或自身免疫性疾病的药物中的用途。
还在其他方面,本发明涉及式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗多发性硬化的药物中的用途。
还在其他方面,本发明涉及式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗强直性脊柱炎的药物中的用途。
本申请使用的"治疗"涉及病症时是指:(1)改善或预防所述病症的一种或多种生物学表现,(2)干扰(a)导致所述病症或对所述病症负责的生物学级联中的一个或多个点或(b)所述病症的一种或多种生物学表现,(3)减轻与所述病症相关的一种或多种症状或影响,或(4)减慢所述病症的进展或所述病症的一种或多种生物学表现。
如上所述,病症的"治疗"包括所述病症的预防。本领域技术人员将理解,"预防"不是一个绝对的术语。在医学上,"预防"被理解为是指对药物的预防性给药以基本上减小病症或其生物学表现的可能性或严重度,或延迟所述病症或其生物学表现的发作。
本发明化合物可以以任一合适的给药途径给药,包括全身给药和局部给药。全身给药包括口服给药、肠胃外给药、透皮给药、直肠给药和吸入给药。肠胃外给药表示除肠内、透皮或吸入以外的给药途径,通常为注射或输注。肠胃外给药包括静脉、肌内和皮下注射或输注。吸入表示给药至患者肺部,无论是通过嘴或是鼻通道吸入。局部给药包括施用至皮肤以及眼内、耳、阴道内和鼻内给药。
在给定时间内,本发明化合物可给药一次或根据给药方案以不同的时间间隔给药多个剂量。例如,剂量可以每天给药一、二、三或四次。剂量可以给药直到实现所需治疗效果,或无限期给药以维持所需治疗效果。本发明化合物的合适给药方案取决于化合物的药代动力学性质,例如吸收、分布和半衰期,其可由本领域技术人员确定。此外,本发明化合物的合适的给药方案(包括该给药方案的持续时间)取决于待治疗的病症、待治疗的病症的严重程度、待治疗的个体的年龄和身体状况、待治疗的个体的医学史、并行治疗的性质、所需治疗效果和本领域技术人员知识和专业内的类似因素。所述技术人员还将理解,合适的给药方案可根据个体对于给药方案的反应或由于个体需要随时间变化来进行调整。
典型的日剂量可取决于具体的所选的给药途径而变化。用于口服给药的典型的日剂量为0.1mg至1000mg。用于局部给药的典型的日剂量为约0.001%至约10%w/w(重量百分数),且优选约0.01%至约1%w/w。
此外,本发明化合物可作为前药给药。本申请使用的本发明化合物的“前药”是化合物的功能性衍生物,其一旦给药至个体,最终在体内释放本发明化合物。给药作为前药的本发明化合物可使得本领域技术人员能够进行以下的一种或多种:(a)调节化合物在体内的作用开始;(b)调节化合物在体内的作用持续时间;(c)调节化合物在体内的运输或分布;(d)调节化合物在体内的溶解度;以及(e)克服化合物遭受的副作用或其他困难。用于制备前药的典型的功能性衍生物包括在体内经化学或酶法断裂的化合物的修饰。这种修饰,包括制备磷酸酯、酰胺、酯、硫酯、碳酸酯和氨基甲酸酯,是本领域技术人员所熟知的。
组合物
在给药至个体前,通常(但不一定)将本发明化合物配制成药物组合物。因此,在另一方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,其包含本发明化合物和一种或多种药学上可接受的赋形剂。
本发明的药物组合物可被制备和包装成散装形式,其中可以提取安全且有效量的本发明化合物,然后给予个体,例如用粉末或浆状物的形式。或者,本发明的药物组合物可被制备和包装成单位剂型,其中每个物理离散单位含有安全且有效量的本发明化合物。当制备单位剂型时,本发明的药物组合物通常含有0.1mg到1000mg。
本发明的药物组合物通常含有一种本发明化合物。然而,在某些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物含有超过一种本发明化合物。例如,在某些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物含有两种本发明化合物。此外,本发明的药物组合物可任选还包含一种或多种另外的药学上可接受的化合物。
本申请使用的“药学上可接受的赋形剂”表示在给药形式中涉及的或与药物组合物相容的药学上可接受的物质、组合物或媒介物。当混合时,各赋形剂必须与药物组合物的其它成分相容,使得对个体给药时将基本上降低本发明化合物的功效的相互作用以及将导致药物组合物成为药学上不可接受的相互作用得以避免。此外,各赋形剂的纯度当然必须足够高,使其为药学上可接受的。
本发明化合物和药学上可接受的一种或多种赋形剂通常被配制成通过所需给药途径适于给药至个体的剂型。例如,剂型包括那些(1)适于口服给药的剂型,例如片剂、胶囊剂、小胶囊剂、丸剂、锭剂、粉末、浆状物、酏剂、悬浮液、溶液、乳剂、囊袋剂和扁囊剂;(2)适于肠胃外给药的剂型,例如无菌溶液、悬浮液和用于重构(reconstitution)的粉末;(3)适于透皮给药的剂型,例如透皮贴剂;(4)适于直肠给药的剂型,例如栓剂;(5)适于吸入的剂型,例如干粉、气雾剂、悬浮液和溶液;和(6)适于局部给药的剂型,例如乳膏、软膏、洗剂、溶液、糊剂、喷雾剂、泡沫剂和凝胶剂。
合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂将根据所选具体的剂型而变化。此外,可根据在组合物中所起的具体功能来选择合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂。例如,可根据促进制备均一剂型的能力来选择某些药学上可接受的赋形剂。可根据促进制备稳定的剂型的能力来选择某些药学上可接受的赋形剂。可根据在给药至个体后促进本发明化合物从身体的一个器官或部分携带或运输至身体的另一器官或部分的能力来选择某些药学上可接受的赋形剂。某些药学上可接受的赋形剂可根据其提高患者顺应性的能力进行选择。
合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂包括下列赋形剂类型:稀释剂、填充剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、助流剂、制粒剂、包衣剂、润湿剂、溶剂、共溶剂、助悬剂、乳化剂、增甜剂、调味剂、掩味剂、着色剂、防结块剂、保湿剂、螯合剂、增塑剂、增粘剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂和缓冲剂。本领域技术人员将理解,某些药学上可接受的赋形剂可以以多于一种功能和以替代性功能来使用,取决于所述赋形剂在制剂中存在多少和在制剂中存在何种其它成分。
具有本领域的知识和技术的技术人员能够选择出以适当量用于本发明的合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂。此外,有许多本领域技术人员可用的资源,这些资源描述了药学上可接受的赋形剂且其可用于选择合适的药学上可接受的赋形剂。实例包括Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences(Mack Publishing Company),The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives(Gower Publishing Limited),和The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients(the American Pharmaceutical Association and thePharmaceutical Press)。
本发明的药物组合物使用本领域技术人员已知的技术和方法制备。通常用于本领域的一些方法描述在Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences(Mack PublishingCompany)中。
一方面,本发明涉及固体口服剂型,例如片剂或胶囊剂,其包含安全且有效量的本发明化合物以及稀释剂或填充剂。合适的稀释剂和填充剂包括乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇、山梨醇、淀粉(例如玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉和预胶化淀粉)、纤维素及其衍生物(例如微晶纤维素)、硫酸钙和磷酸氢钙。口服固体剂型还可包含粘合剂。合适的粘合剂包括淀粉(例如玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉和预胶化淀粉)、明胶、阿拉伯胶、海藻酸钠、海藻酸、西黄蓍胶、瓜尔胶、聚维酮和纤维素及其衍生物(例如微晶纤维素)。口服固体剂型还可包含崩解剂。合适的崩解剂包括交聚维酮、淀粉羟乙酸钠、交联羧甲基纤维素、海藻酸和羧甲基纤维素钠。口服固体剂型还可包含润滑剂。合适的润滑剂包括硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙和滑石。
Claims (20)
1.式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐
其中:
R1为:
-甲基,其被以下取代:i)任选被a)1个或2个F或b)OH取代的C4-C6环烷基;或ii)被C(O)CH3取代的5或6元杂环烷基;
-被CF3或-SO2CH3取代的C2-C3烷基;
-含有1或2个N原子的6元杂芳基,所述杂芳基任选被1-2个选自以下的取代基取代:C1-C3烷基、卤素、CN和甲氧基;或
-被CN取代的苯基;
R2为C1-C3烷基;
R3为卤素或CN;
R4为H;
R5为C1-C3烷基;
R6为H或甲基;和
R7选自:
-含有1个N原子的4-6元杂环烷基,其中所述杂环烷基任选被甲基取代;
-NRaRb,其中所述Ra为H或甲基,和所述Rb选自:i)被C3-C4环烷基取代的甲基;ii)任选被甲基取代的C4-C5环烷基;和iii)C3-C4烷基;和
-ORc,其中所述Rc为i)C4-C5环烷基;或ii)被C3-C4环烷基取代的甲基。
2.权利要求1的化合物或盐,其中R1为被1或2个C1-C3烷基取代的吡啶基。
3.权利要求1或权利要求2的化合物或盐,其中R1为被甲基取代的吡啶基。
4.权利要求1或权利要求2的化合物或盐,其中R1为被二甲基取代的吡啶基。
5.权利要求1的化合物或盐,其中R1为被CN取代的苯基。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R2为甲基。
7.权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R3为Cl。
8.权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R3为CN。
9.权利要求1-8中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R4为H。
10.权利要求1-9中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R5为甲基。
11.权利要求1-10中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R6为H。
12.权利要求1-11中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R7为吡咯烷基。
13.权利要求1-11中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R7为哌啶基。
14.权利要求1-11中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R7为ORc,其中Rc为环戊基。
15.权利要求1-11中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R7为NHRb,其中Rb为被环丙基取代的甲基。
16.权利要求1-11中任一项的化合物或盐,其中R7为NHRb,其中Rb为环戊基。
17.权利要求1的化合物或盐,其中所述化合物选自:
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(5,6-二甲基烟酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E1);
(S)-4-(5-氯-3-(3-氰基苯甲酰氨基)-2-甲基苄基)-N-(环丙基甲基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E24);
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(吡咯烷-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-3-氰基苯甲酰胺(E25);
(S)-4-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-N-环戊基-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酰胺(E29);
(S)-N-(5-氯-2-甲基-3-((3-甲基-4-(哌啶-1-羰基)哌嗪-1-基)甲基)苯基)-6-甲基烟酰胺(E30);和
(S)-4-(5-氰基-2-甲基-3-(6-甲基烟酰氨基)苄基)-2-甲基哌嗪-1-甲酸环戊酯(E44)。
18.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-17中任一项的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂。
19.权利要求1-17中任一项的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗多发性硬化。
20.权利要求1-17中任一项的式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗强直性脊柱炎。
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WO2020211836A1 (zh) * | 2019-04-19 | 2020-10-22 | 北京酷瓴生物技术有限公司 | 苯甲烯哌啶衍生物及其制备方法、中间体和用途 |
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PE20170137A1 (es) | 2014-05-28 | 2017-03-05 | Glaxosmithkline Ip Dev Ltd | Nuevos compuestos |
EP3148975B1 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2018-11-28 | GlaxoSmithKline Intellectual Property Development Limited | Piperazine derivatives as ror-gamma modulators |
RU2771280C2 (ru) * | 2016-07-13 | 2022-04-29 | Лео Фарма А/С | Гетероароматические модуляторы ретинол-связанного орфанного рецептора гамма |
WO2019016110A1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Lonza Ltd | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 5-FLUORO-2-METHYL-3-NITROBENZOIC ACID AND METHYL ESTER |
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EP3148985A4 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
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