CN106636216A - Acidification control method for anaerobic fermentation of organic refuse - Google Patents
Acidification control method for anaerobic fermentation of organic refuse Download PDFInfo
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to an acidification control method for anaerobic fermentation of organic refuses. The organic refuses of different concentrations are fermented through different fermentation concentrations, different amounts of inoculum and different anaerobic fermentation devices by using different treatment methods, the appropriate biogas slurry backflow concentration is adopted, an alkali production promoting bacterium agent is added to achieve the appropriate condition for fermentation of the refuses, the condition that whether acidification is conducted or not is judged through the pH value and the ratio TIC to VFA in the fermentation process of the refuses, and through the adjustment of simple technical measures, the acidification state of the system is guaranteed to be adjusted in time, and the organic refuses are normally fermented. The pertinence of the method is strong, the microbial flora in the anaerobic fermentation process of the organic refuses is adjusted through the method for combining the microbial technology and the technical skills, the technical problems of fermentation deterioration and aerogenesis delay, caused by the accumulation of organic acids, are solved, and the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of the refuses and the biogas output are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of organic domestic waste, specifically a kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation acidifying control
Method processed, belongs to technical field of methane.
Background technology
As expanding economy, growth in the living standard, urban and rural domestic refuse yield are sharply increased, component of refuse also occurs
Larger change.It has been reported that in rubbish 75% be biodegradable organic waste.Garbage problem, particularly cities and towns are organic
Refuse pollution problem has become earth public hazards, solves the problems, such as that cities and towns organic garbage treatment has become the focus of social concerns, difficult point
Problem.
At present, organic garbage treatment technology in cities and towns mainly has the technologies such as sanitary landfills, burning and biological treatment.Traditional fills out
Bury process and there is land seizure, underground water, soil pollution hidden danger, the problems such as waste recyclable resource.Incineration technology is to rubbish warm
Value has certain requirement, it is difficult to adapt to the process of high-moisture percentage cities and towns organic waste, and one-time investment is big, and operating cost is high,
Managerial skills and maintenance of equipment requirement are higher, and burning the flue gas for producing may produce " dioxin " pollution problem.
In order to reduce garbage loading embeading amount, rubbish is classified, for organic waste biological treatment be reduce processing cost,
Reclaim the effective ways of the energy.The biological treatment of organic waste includes Aerobic biological process (i.e. Composting) and anaerobic bio-treated
(i.e. anaerobic digestion).Composting Process energy consumption is big, produce foul smell, and high-moisture percentage refuse may cause the oxygen supply of heap body uneven, it is difficult to
Meet innoxious hygienic requirements.Organic waste adopts Anaerobic Digestion, not only can produce biogas；Residue after anaerobic digestion
With the organic fertilizer that biogas slurry is high-quality, farmland can be applied to, improved soil increases fertilizer efficiency；Anaerobic digestion can also eliminate smelly
Gas, reduces the discharge capacity of methane and carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas.Therefore, organic waste Anaerobic Digestion has obvious ring
Border and economic advantages.
However, organic waste anaerobic digestion techniques bottleneck is fermentation deteriorates, digestion time is long, homogeneous is difficult.Wherein most
Main technical problem is the speed mismatch of organic waste anaerobic digestion hydrolytic process and methanation, in earlier fermentation
Accumulation of Organic Acids caused by hydrolysis acidification excessive velocities is susceptible to, system difficulty in starting and operation failure is frequently resulted in.To make
Anaerobic digestion can really become the major way of garbage disposal, it is necessary to which solving these restriction organic waste anaerobic digestion engineerings should
Key issue.
Domestic current rubbish anaerobic treatment method concentrates on changing food waste and vegetable castoff, and a few studies have laid particular emphasis on
The device of machine rubbish fermentation.Process as Chinese patent literature CN105420083A discloses a kind of organic waste combined anaerobic digestion
Device and method.The method includes modified form plug flow type anaerobic reactor and the plug flow type anaerobic reactor being sequentially connected, plug flow
Biogas slurry reflux is provided with formula anaerobic reactor, the raw material in modified form plug flow type anaerobic reactor is sized mixing, connect
Kind, plug-flow and insulation.Chinese patent literature CN105695322A disclose the style refuse fermenter that a kind of aerobic-anaerobic combines and
Its fermentation process, by charging aperture, fermenter, discharge chamber, apparatus of oxygen supply, water inlet pipe, drainpipe, discharging tube and control system group
Into the fermentation process combined using aerobic-anaerobic, with small volume, flexible arrangement, is adapted to the characteristics of processing all kinds of house refuses.
Chinese patent literature CN104893958A discloses a kind of organic waste high-temperature dry-type anaerobic ferment devices, including hydrolysis acidification case
With horizontal anaerobic fermentation tank, intermittent feeding, continuous work, the automatic discharge of installation for fermenting are realized, both avoided causing discharge
The blocking of mouth, is also convenient for operation.
Above technology is improved for the physical characteristic of rubbish to existing apparatus mostly, can realize the suitable of solid waste
Sharp input and output material, but the product of rubbish fermentation process acid factor is not controlled, the influence factor during rubbish fermentation is lacked
Weary supporting technological means and measure, it is impossible to ensure the efficient anaerobic aerogenesis of rubbish.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation and is acidified control method, the method
To solve fermented caused by Accumulation of Organic Acids during organic garbage anaerobic fermentation and deteriorate and aerogenesis sluggishness, improve rubbish anaerobism and send out
Ferment efficiency and biogas output.
Term explanation
Organic waste：Organic waste refers to the discarded object containing organic components in house refuse also known as wet refuse.Mainly
It is paper, fiber, bamboo and wood, kitchen dish slag etc..More than 50% is organic waste in domestic waste.Solid holdup is with mass percent
It is calculated as 15～40wt%.
Inoculum：Refer to what the toggle speed in order to accelerate biogas fermentation was added with methane tank gas production amount is improved to methane-generating pit
Material rich in biogas bacterium.Inoculum is dirty by the anaerobism activity that anaerobic digestion bacterium, suspended material and colloidal substance are constituted
Mud.
TS：Solid content, refers to that dry biomass in discarded object accounts for the percentage of discarded object gross mass.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation is acidified control method, and the method includes：
(1) inoculum or inoculum are added in pending organic waste and alkali is produced and promotes microbial inoculum, fed in anaerobic fermentation
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out in reactor, described inoculum is the biogas residue in normal gas producing methane-generating pit；
(2) fermentation liquor backflow is carried out in sweat or is added to produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum；Fermentation system is judged in sweat
Whether it is acidified, such as fermentation system is acidified, adjustment fermentation liquor backflow amount and addition are produced alkali and promote microbial inoculum；Or addition plant ash or stone
Buck clarified solution；
(3) ferment after 25～40d, aerogenesis terminates, organic waste degradation rate is more than or equal to 50%, and residues can conduct
Organic fertilizer application is in farmland.
Currently preferred, the pending organic waste of step (1) was classified before inoculum is added, is crushed, and crushed
To 1～2cm of particle diameter, rubbish is divided into by the class of a, b, c tri- according to the TS concentration of rubbish；
A classes are organic waste of the TS contents 15～20%
B classes are organic waste of the TS contents 20～25%
C classes are organic waste of the TS contents more than 25%.
It is further preferred that different types of organic waste specifically processes as follows before step (1) anaerobic fermentation：
A classes rubbish is added and accounts for the inoculum of organic waste TS contents 30%～50%, and adds product alkali to promote microbial inoculum, produces alkali
The addition of microbial inoculum is promoted to be 1 with the mass ratio of organic waste:(150～200), the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
B classes rubbish adds the inoculum for accounting for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%, and the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
C class rubbish adds water or biogas slurry is diluted to TS 20～25%, is subsequently adding and accounts for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%
Inoculum, the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS.
Currently preferred, step (1) biogas residue moisture content is mass percent 80%～85%, it is preferred that biogas residue is aqueous
Rate is 50%～60%.Biogas residue moisture content in normal gas producing methane-generating pit is higher, can be being reduced by the way of separation of solid and liquid
Its moisture content.
It is currently preferred, in step (1), produce alkali and promote microbial inoculum by bacillus licheniformis Bacillus
Licheniformis ATCC 14580, bacillus cereus Bacillus cereus ATCC 4342, bacillus subtilis
Respectively Jing liquid fermentations acquisition zymotic fluid is mixed to prepare Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21005, in microorganism formulation effectively
Viable count is amounted to：(13～26) × 108Cfu/mL, wherein, bacillus licheniformis：Bacillus cereus：Withered grass pseudomonad
Living bacteria count ratio is：(3～6)：(3～6)：(2～4).Above bacterial strain is purchased from American type culture collection.
Liquid fermentation is carried out by this area existing conventional techniques.
It is currently preferred, by pending organic waste and inoculum or inoculum and product alkali rush during charging in step (1)
Enter microbial inoculum and be thoroughly mixed to be fed, a classes rubbish is fermented using semi continuous, loading frequency be 3～5d once, enter every time
Doses is 10～15% that reactor cell is held；C classes rubbish after b classes rubbish and dilution adopts Batch fermentation mode.
It is currently preferred, step (1) anaerobic fermentation be mesophilic digestion, 30～35 DEG C of temperature.
It is currently preferred, in step (2), during a class rubbish normal fermentations, carry out fermentation liquor backflow, fermentation liquor backflow ratio
For 20%～30%；B, c class rubbish is added in the 2～4d that ferments and produces alkali promotion microbial inoculum, is produced alkali and is promoted the addition of microbial inoculum and have
The mass ratio of machine rubbish is 1:(100～200).
It is currently preferred, in step (2), with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC alkali in sweat
Spend ratio to judge whether fermentation system is acidified.
It is further preferred that fermentation system whether to be acidified concrete criterion as follows：
A class rubbish pH is less than 6.0, and VFA/TIC ＞ 0.8, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
B, c class rubbish pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
Remaining situation is fermentation system normal fermentation.
It is currently preferred, in step (2), when a classes garbage fermentation system is acidified, adjustment a class garbage feedings frequency is 6～
8d, fermentation liquor backflow ratio is adjusted to 30%～50%, adds simultaneously during charging and produces alkali promotion microbial inoculum, the same step of microbial inoculum consumption (1).
It is currently preferred, in step (2), when b, c class garbage fermentation system is acidified, addition organic waste mass ratio 5%
～10% plant ash or 3%～5% limewash clarified solution.
A currently preferred technical scheme：
A kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation process is acidified control method, including step is as follows：
(1) organic waste after categorized consumer waste is crushed to into 1～2cm, it is standby, according to the TS concentration of rubbish by rubbish
It is divided into the class of a, b, c tri-；
(2) a classes rubbish is added and accounts for the inoculum of organic waste TS contents 30%～50%, and adds product alkali to promote microbial inoculum,
Produce alkali to promote the addition of microbial inoculum is 1 with the mass ratio of organic waste:(150～200), the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
B classes rubbish adds the inoculum for accounting for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%, and the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
C class rubbish adds water or biogas slurry is diluted to TS 20～25%, is subsequently adding and accounts for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%
Inoculum, the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
(3) by pending organic waste and inoculum or inoculum and produce alkali and promote microbial inoculum to be thoroughly mixed and feed in detesting
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out in aerobe fermentation reactor, described inoculum is the biogas residue in normal gas producing methane-generating pit, and moisture content is quality
Percentage 80%～85%；
A classes rubbish is fermented using semi continuous, and for 3～5d once, each inlet amount is what reactor cell was held to loading frequency
10～15%；
C classes rubbish after b classes rubbish and dilution adopts Batch fermentation mode；
(4) during a classes rubbish normal fermentation, fermentation liquor backflow is carried out, fermentation liquor backflow ratio is 20%～30%, charging every time
Shi Jinhang flows back；B, c class rubbish ferment 2～4d add produce alkali promote microbial inoculum, produce alkali promote microbial inoculum addition with it is organic
The mass ratio of rubbish is 1:(100～200)；
(5) fermentation system is judged with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratio in sweat
Whether it is acidified.
It is further preferred that fermentation system whether to be acidified concrete criterion as follows：
A class rubbish pH is less than 6.0, and VFA/TIC ＞ 0.8, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
B, c class rubbish pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
Remaining situation is fermentation system normal fermentation；
When a classes garbage fermentation system is acidified, adjustment a class garbage feedings frequency is 6～8d, and fermentation liquor backflow ratio is adjusted to
30%～50%, add simultaneously during charging and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, the same step of microbial inoculum consumption (1).
When b, c class garbage fermentation system is acidified, add the plant ash or 3%～5% of organic waste mass ratio 5%～10%
Limewash clarified solution；
(6) ferment after 25～40d, aerogenesis terminates, and, more than 50%, residues can be used as organic for organic waste degradation rate
Fertilizer is applied to farmland.
Above-mentioned crushing can be carried out using pulverizer, preferred model common grinder, commercially available.
Above-mentioned organic garbage anaerobic fermentation acidifying control method can be implemented using existing reaction unit.
A classes rubbish adopts semi continuous anaerobic fermentation reactor, and Publication No. is can use in actual production
The anaerobic reaction of invention in " a kind of organic waste high solid anaerobic reaction device and the anaerobic reaction method " of CN103614288B
Device.
B, c class rubbish adopts Batch fermentation anaerobic reactor, can select garage type anaerobic reactor.
Currently preferred, TIC, VFA are determined and are adopted Nordmann titrations, and concrete grammar is as follows：
First sample is carried out into filtration treatment, remove bulk impurity thing.The sample solution that volume is V is taken, is adopted
The dilute sulfuric acid volumetric soiutions of 0.05mol/L to pH value is 5.0, records the dilute sulfuric acid volume reading V for consuming1, what this process was consumed
Dilute sulfuric acid is by HCO in solution3-Or H2CO3CO is fully converted to Deng DIC2, it is 4.4 to continue volumetric soiutions to pH value, record
Dilute sulfuric acid volume reading V now2, V2- V1Dilute sulfuric acid act as VFA in solution being converted into molecular state by ionic state.VFA
It is with TIC mass concentration computing formula：
VFA/TIC=[(V2-V1)×6.64-0.15]×500/V1×1000
What raw materials used and equipment of the invention did not added specified otherwise is prior art.
The method of the present invention controls Accumulation of Organic Acids during organic garbage anaerobic fermentation, reduces aerogenesis sluggishness, organic
By producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, the starting stage controls rubbish TS between 20～25% to rubbish, in being more difficult what is be acidified
Scope, if this is because concentration is too low, hydrolysis acidification excessive velocities；If excessive concentration, material is difficult to homogeneous, local
Toxicant is accumulated.TS concentration it is too low it is too high all easily cause fermentation deteriorate.As concentration is less than 20%, the inventive method is employed
Add and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, improve the way of inoculum concentration, fermentative microflora can be allocated, neutralized system acid-base value promotes methane phase
The advantage function of bacterium.If acidification phenomenon has occurred in system, in time by adding microbial inoculum, adjusting backflow when adjustment charging
The technological means such as frequency, suppress the excessive multiplication of acid-producing bacteria, can effectively maintain the coordination between system microorganism, it is to avoid produce acid
Bacterium and the antagonism of methanogen, solve the technical barrier that fermentation deteriorates and aerogenesis is sluggish caused by Accumulation of Organic Acids, carry
High garbage anaerobic fermentation efficiency and biogas output.
Advantages of the present invention is as follows：
Easily it is acidified when the present invention is for organic garbage anaerobic fermentation, mass transfer is uneven, the problems such as deteriorating of fermenting, there is provided Yi Zhongyou
Machine garbage anaerobic fermentation process is acidified control method, to reach the purpose of normal fermentation efficient aerogenesis.
1st, the inventive method is with strong points.The present invention is directed to the concrete feature of difference TS concentration organic garbage anaerobic fermentations,
Using different technical methods, high-efficiency fermenting is realized.
2nd, the inventive method technology is reasonable.The method that the present invention is combined by microbial technique and technology, is adjusted
Microorganism species during organic garbage anaerobic fermentation, promote methanogen normally to act on, and improve gas producing efficiency.
3rd, the inventive method applicability is wide.Organic garbage anaerobic fermentation acidifying control method in the present invention, is applicable to
Including the process of the multiclass such as food waste, waste of vegetables and fruits, human and animal excreta, stationery and composting, and can be according to different fermentations material
Different fermentation parameters are chosen, it is applied widely.
4th, the technology of the present invention method is easy to operate.The index adopted in sweat, easy to detect, the technological means of employing
It is simple to operate, draw materials conveniently, it is practical, can be in rural area large-scale promotion application.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, and embodiment is used to carry out further the present invention
Illustrate, so that it is further understood that the present invention, it is impossible to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.Implement
Non- elaborate presses state of the art in example.
Microbial inoculum used in embodiment is commercial products, bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis
ATCC 14580, bacillus cereus Bacillus cereus ATCC 4342, bacillus subtilis Bacillus
Subtilis ATCC 21005 are purchased from American type culture collection.
Embodiment 1：Rural organic living waste, TS 16～18%.
Rural organic living waste main component is food waste, vegetables and fruits dish leaf, stationery etc..
Rural organic living waste anaerobic fermentation process is acidified control method, including step is as follows：
(1) rubbish is set to by a class rubbish according to the TS concentration of the rubbish, sorted organic waste is crushed to 1～2cm,
It is standby；
(2) in rubbish add 50% inoculum, and add product alkali promote microbial inoculum, produce alkali promote microbial inoculum addition with
The mass ratio of organic waste is 1:200.
It is bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis difference Jing liquid that described product alkali promotes microbial inoculum
Fermentation obtains zymotic fluid and is well mixed prepared, living bacteria count total in suppression acidifying microbes preparation：20×108Cfu/mL,
Wherein, bacillus licheniformis：Bacillus cereus：The living bacteria count ratio of bacillus subtilis is：4：4：3；
(3) above material is thoroughly mixed, loads the high solid anaerobic fermentation reactor described in CN103614288B
It is interior.Fermented using semi continuous, for 4d once, each inlet amount is 12% that reactor cell is held to loading frequency.
(4) fermentation liquor backflow is carried out when feeding every time, garbage fermentation liquid reflux ratio is 25%.
(5) whether decision-making system is come with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratios in sweat
Acidifying.
If pH is less than 6.0, and VFA/TIC ＞ 0.8, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state.Remaining situation system can
Normal fermentation.
As fermentation system is acidified, in the following manner is taken to be adjusted：
Loading frequency is adjusted to 6～8d by a classes rubbish, is added simultaneously during charging and is produced alkali promotion microbial inoculum, microbial inoculum consumption synchronization
Suddenly (2).Fermentation liquor backflow ratio is adjusted to 40%.
(6) normal operation 3d after-bays hold factor of created gase up to 1.0m3Biogas/m3Chi Rong, organic waste degradation rate 60% is reduced
More than aerogenesis lag phase 15d, residues can be as organic fertilizer application in farmland.
Embodiment 2：Intensive Vegetable area vegetable castoff rubbish, TS 20～23.
Intensive Vegetable area vegetable castoff rubbish main component is vegetables straw, leftovers leaf, surplus melon and fruit etc..
Intensive Vegetable area vegetable castoff garbage anaerobic fermentation process is acidified control method, including step is as follows：
(1) rubbish is set to by b class rubbish according to the TS concentration of the rubbish, sorted organic waste is crushed to 1～2cm,
It is standby；
(2) inoculum of rubbish TS contents 25% is added in rubbish.
(3) above material is thoroughly mixed, is loaded in garage type anaerobic fermentation reactor, carry out Batch fermentation.Send out
Ferment cycle 30d.
(4) add in fermentation 3d and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, produce alkali and promote the addition of microbial inoculum and the mass ratio of organic waste
For 1:150.
It is bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis difference Jing liquid that described product alkali promotes microbial inoculum
Fermentation obtains zymotic fluid and is well mixed prepared, living bacteria count total in suppression acidifying microbes preparation：15×108Cfu/mL,
Wherein, bacillus licheniformis：Bacillus cereus：The living bacteria count ratio of bacillus subtilis is：4：3：4；
(5) whether decision-making system is come with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratios in sweat
Acidifying.
If pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state.Remaining situation system can
Normal fermentation.
As fermentation system is acidified, in the following manner is taken to be adjusted：
The plant ash of addition rubbish mass ratio 5%～10%.
(6) pond holds factor of created gase up to 1.0m during fermenting3Biogas/m3Chi Rong.After fermentation 35d, aerogenesis terminates, and without acid
Change control rubbish to compare, shorten more than fermentation period 10d, organic waste degradation rate 50% during fermentation, residues can be made
It is organic fertilizer application in farmland.
Embodiment 3：Dispersion raiser's organic waste, TS 25～30%.
Dispersion raiser's organic waste main component is feces of livestock and poultry, stalk, organic domestic waste etc..
Dispersion raiser's organic garbage anaerobic fermentation process acidifying control method, including step is as follows：
(1) rubbish is set to by c class rubbish according to the TS concentration of the rubbish, sorted organic waste is crushed to 1～2cm,
It is standby；
(2) rubbish is added water or biogas slurry is diluted to TS 22%, and the inoculation of rubbish TS contents 30% is added in rubbish
Thing.
(3) above material is thoroughly mixed, is loaded in garage type anaerobic fermentation reactor, carry out Batch fermentation.Send out
Ferment cycle 33d.
(4) add in fermentation 4d and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, produce alkali and promote the addition of microbial inoculum and the mass ratio of organic waste
For 1:150.
It is bacillus licheniformis, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis difference Jing liquid that described product alkali promotes microbial inoculum
Fermentation obtains zymotic fluid and is well mixed prepared, living bacteria count total in suppression acidifying microbes preparation：13×108Cfu/mL,
Wherein, bacillus licheniformis：Bacillus cereus：The living bacteria count ratio of bacillus subtilis is：3：4：4；
(5) whether decision-making system is come with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratios in sweat
Acidifying.
If pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state.Remaining situation system can
Normal fermentation.
As fermentation system is acidified, in the following manner is taken to be adjusted：
The limewash clarified solution of addition rubbish mass ratio 3%～5%.
(6) pond holds factor of created gase up to 1.0m during fermenting3Biogas/m3Chi Rong.After fermentation 35d, aerogenesis terminates, and without acid
Change control rubbish to compare, shortening more than fermentation period 10d, organic waste degradation rate 55%, residues can be used as fertilizer
It is applied to farmland.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation is acidified control method, and the method includes：
(1) inoculum or inoculum are added in pending organic waste and alkali is produced and promotes microbial inoculum, fed in anaerobic fermentation reaction
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out in device, described inoculum is the biogas residue in normal gas producing methane-generating pit；
(2) fermentation liquor backflow is carried out in sweat or is added to produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum；Whether judge fermentation system in sweat
Acidifying, such as fermentation system is acidified, and adjustment fermentation liquor backflow amount and addition are produced alkali and promote microbial inoculum；Or addition plant ash or limewash
Clarified solution；
(3) ferment after 25～40d, aerogenesis terminates, organic waste degradation rate is more than or equal to 50%, and residues can be used as organic
Fertilizer is applied to farmland.
2. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that step (1) is waited to locate
Reason organic waste was classified, is crushed before inoculum is added, and was crushed to 1～2cm of particle diameter, according to the TS concentration of rubbish by rubbish
Rubbish is divided into the class of a, b, c tri-；
A classes are organic waste of the TS contents 15～20%
B classes are organic waste of the TS contents 20～25%
C classes are organic waste of the TS contents more than 25%.
3. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that step (1) anaerobism
Different types of organic waste specifically processes as follows before fermentation：
A classes rubbish is added and accounts for the inoculum of organic waste TS contents 30%～50%, and adds product alkali to promote microbial inoculum, is produced alkali and is promoted
The addition of microbial inoculum is 1 with the mass ratio of organic waste:(150～200), the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
B classes rubbish adds the inoculum for accounting for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%, and the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
C class rubbish adds water or biogas slurry is diluted to TS 20～25%, is subsequently adding and accounts for connecing for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%
Thing is planted, the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS.
4. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that step (1) biogas residue
Moisture content is mass percent 80%～85%, it is preferred that biogas residue moisture content is 50%～60%；In step (1), produce alkali and promote
Microbial inoculum is by bacillus licheniformis Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580, bacillus cereus Bacillus
Cereus ATCC 4342, bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis ATCC 21005 difference Jing liquid fermentations are sent out
Zymotic fluid is mixed to prepare, and living bacteria count is amounted in microorganism formulation：(13～26) × 108Cfu/mL, wherein, lichens gemma bar
Bacterium：Bacillus cereus：The living bacteria count ratio of withered grass pseudomonad is：(3～6)：(3～6)：(2～4).
5. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that step is entered in (1)
Promote microbial inoculum to be thoroughly mixed with inoculum or inoculum and product alkali pending organic waste during material to be fed, a class rubbish
Rubbish is fermented using semi continuous, and for 3～5d once, each inlet amount is 10～15% that reactor cell is held to loading frequency；B class rubbish
Rubbish and dilution after c classes rubbish adopt Batch fermentation mode, step (1) anaerobic fermentation be mesophilic digestion, 30～35 DEG C of temperature.
6. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that in step (2), a
During class rubbish normal fermentation, fermentation liquor backflow is carried out, fermentation liquor backflow ratio is 20%～30%；B, c class rubbish fermentation the 2nd～
4d is added and is produced alkali promotion microbial inoculum, and produce alkali to promote the addition of microbial inoculum is 1 with the mass ratio of organic waste:(100～200)；Step
(2) in, fermentation system is judged with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratio in sweat whether sour
Change.
7. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 6 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that whether fermentation system
It is acidified concrete criterion as follows：
A class rubbish pH is less than 6.0, and VFA/TIC ＞ 0.8, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
B, c class rubbish pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
Remaining situation is fermentation system normal fermentation.
8. organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 7 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that in step (2), a
When class garbage fermentation system is acidified, adjustment a class garbage feedings frequency is 6～8d, and fermentation liquor backflow ratio is adjusted to 30%～50%,
Add simultaneously during charging and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, the same step of microbial inoculum consumption (1)；In step (2), the acidifying of b, c class garbage fermentation system
When, add the plant ash or 3%～5% limewash clarified solution of organic waste mass ratio 5%～10%.
9. a kind of organic garbage anaerobic fermentation process acidifying control method, including step is as follows：
(1) organic waste after categorized consumer waste is crushed to into 1～2cm, it is standby, rubbish is divided into according to the TS concentration of rubbish
The class of a, b, c tri-；
(2) a classes rubbish is added and accounts for the inoculum of organic waste TS contents 30%～50%, and adds product alkali to promote microbial inoculum, produces alkali
The addition of microbial inoculum is promoted to be 1 with the mass ratio of organic waste:(150～200), the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
B classes rubbish adds the inoculum for accounting for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%, and the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
C class rubbish adds water or biogas slurry is diluted to TS 20～25%, is subsequently adding and accounts for connecing for organic waste TS contents 20%～30%
Thing is planted, the addition of inoculum is in terms of TS；
(3) promote microbial inoculum to be thoroughly mixed with inoculum or inoculum and product alkali pending organic waste to feed in anaerobism
Anaerobic fermentation is carried out in ferment reactor, described inoculum is the biogas residue in normal gas producing methane-generating pit, and moisture content is quality percentage
Than 80%～85%；
A classes rubbish using semi continuous ferment, loading frequency be 3～5d once, each inlet amount be reactor cell hold 10～
15%；
C classes rubbish after b classes rubbish and dilution adopts Batch fermentation mode；
(4) during a classes rubbish normal fermentation, fermentation liquor backflow is carried out, fermentation liquor backflow ratio is 20%～30%, is entered during charging every time
Row backflow；B, c class rubbish is added in the 2～4d that ferments and produces alkali promotion microbial inoculum, produces addition and organic waste that alkali promotes microbial inoculum
Mass ratio be 1:(100～200)；
(5) whether fermentation system is judged with zymotic fluid pH, VFA (volatile fatty acid) and TIC basicity ratio in sweat
Acidifying.
It is further preferred that fermentation system whether to be acidified concrete criterion as follows：
A class rubbish pH is less than 6.0, and VFA/TIC ＞ 0.8, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
B, c class rubbish pH is less than 5.5, and VFA/TIC ＞ 1.0, then fermentation system has been in acidifying state；
Remaining situation is fermentation system normal fermentation；
When a classes garbage fermentation system is acidified, adjustment a class garbage feedings frequency is 6～8d, fermentation liquor backflow ratio is adjusted to 30%～
50%, add simultaneously during charging and produce alkali promotion microbial inoculum, the same step of microbial inoculum consumption (1).
When b, c class garbage fermentation system is acidified, add the plant ash or 3%～5% stone of organic waste mass ratio 5%～10%
Buck clarified solution；
(6) ferment after 25～40d, aerogenesis terminates, and more than 50%, residues can be applied organic waste degradation rate as fertilizer
For farmland.
10. the organic garbage anaerobic fermentation according to claim 6 or 9 is acidified control method, it is characterised in that TIC, VFA
Determine and adopt Nordmann titrations, concrete grammar is as follows：
First sample is carried out into filtration treatment, remove bulk impurity thing, the sample solution that volume is V is taken, using 0.05mol/L's
Dilute sulfuric acid volumetric soiutions to pH value is 5.0, records the dilute sulfuric acid volume reading V for consuming1, the dilute sulfuric acid of this process consumption is will be molten
HCO in liquid3-Or H2CO3CO is fully converted to Deng DIC2, it is 4.4 to continue volumetric soiutions to pH value, records dilute sulfuric acid now
Volume reading V2, V2- V1Dilute sulfuric acid act as VFA in solution being converted into molecular state by ionic state.VFA and TIC mass is dense
Spending computing formula is：
VFA/TIC=[(V2-V1)×6.64-0.15]×500/V1×1000 。
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