CN113548779B - Commercial kitchen waste treatment process - Google Patents
Commercial kitchen waste treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113548779B CN113548779B CN202110780283.6A CN202110780283A CN113548779B CN 113548779 B CN113548779 B CN 113548779B CN 202110780283 A CN202110780283 A CN 202110780283A CN 113548779 B CN113548779 B CN 113548779B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/04—Phase separators; Separation of non fermentable material; Fractionation
Abstract
The invention discloses a commercial kitchen waste treatment process, which comprises four steps of crushed aggregates separation, solid material treatment, liquid material separation and liquid phase treatment, wherein an acid-resistant degradation microbial agent is adopted to prepare an organic fertilizer in the liquid phase treatment or a compound degradation microbial agent is adopted to carry out low-temperature microorganism water treatment and decomposition to form small molecules meeting emission standards; or the organic fertilizer which is rich in soluble sugar, free amino acid and other small molecular substances can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, and can effectively improve the soil nutrient condition and increase the crop yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a kitchen waste treatment process, in particular to a commercial kitchen waste treatment process.
Background
In the prior art, in order to realize the reutilization of resources and the protection of the environment, the kitchen waste is generally converted and produced to obtain products such as gas, alcohol, grease and the like, but the existing process is single, so that the converted products are single in type, the recycling rate of the kitchen waste is low, and even a large amount of useless waste is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a commercial kitchen waste treatment process.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a commercial kitchen waste treatment process comprises the following steps:
step one, crushed aggregates separation: and discharging the collected kitchen waste into a crushing machine for crushing treatment, and transferring the crushed materials into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid materials and liquid materials respectively.
Step two, solid material treatment: and transferring the solid material into a wet anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, and introducing gas generated by the wet anaerobic fermentation into a gas treatment device, and discharging the gas into the atmosphere after the gas reaches the discharge standard after treatment.
Step three, separating liquid materials: and (3) carrying out oil-water separation treatment on the liquid material to obtain an oil phase and a liquid phase, and transferring the oil phase into an oil storage tank for recycling.
Step four, liquid phase treatment: transferring the liquid phase and the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum into a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank for high-temperature anaerobic treatment to prepare an organic fertilizer; or transferring the liquid phase and the composite degradation microbial inoculum into an anaerobic fermentation tank for low-temperature microbial water treatment, and introducing the gas generated by fermentation into a gas treatment device, and discharging the gas into the atmosphere after the gas treatment device is treated to reach the discharge standard.
In the second step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the wet anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during anaerobic fermentation, then the temperature of the wet anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is 25-30 days, and the wet anaerobic fermentation tank stays in a storage tank for 24h after fermentation, so that a small amount of solid residues are obtained.
In the fourth step, the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum is three or more than three of bacillus, staphylococcus, pseudomonas, lactobacillus salivarius and pallidum.
In the fourth step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment, and then the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 55-60 ℃ and the fermentation time is 15-20 days, so that the organic fertilizer is prepared.
In the fourth step, the composite degrading bacterial agent is three or more than three of cellulase, saccharomyces boulardii, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto and Bacillus licheniformis.
In the fourth step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during low-temperature microbial water treatment, then the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the fermentation time is controlled to be 15-20 days, and the generated water is gasified.
And the gas treatment devices in the second step and the fourth step are high-efficiency nanometer VOCs processors.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention takes the bionic technology as the core, adopts the crusher, the solid-liquid separation device and the anaerobic fermentation tank as the bionic machinery, and cooperates with the degradation colony to simulate the animal digestion function to treat the kitchen waste, so that the volume of the kitchen waste is greatly reduced. The degradation microbial inoculum has stronger enzyme production capability, a large amount of enzymes participate in the continuous decomposition of substances, large molecules such as starch, protein, fat and the like in kitchen waste are converted into small molecular substances which can be dissolved in water and discharged, the effective reduction rate is more than 95%, and the process is environment-friendly and has no peculiar smell; or decomposing kitchen garbage into organic fertilizer by using degradation microbial inoculum, which is rich in soluble sugar, free amino acid and other small molecular substances which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, thereby effectively improving soil nutrient condition and crop yield.
Detailed Description
In this example, the portions not particularly emphasized with respect to temperature and pressure are all at normal temperature and pressure.
A commercial kitchen waste treatment process comprises the following steps:
step one, crushed aggregates separation: and discharging the collected kitchen waste into a crushing machine for crushing treatment, and transferring the crushed materials into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid materials and liquid materials respectively.
Step two, solid material treatment: and transferring the solid material into a wet anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, and introducing gas generated by the wet anaerobic fermentation into a high-efficiency nanometer VOCs processor, and discharging the gas into the atmosphere after the gas reaches the discharge standard after treatment.
Step three, separating liquid materials: and (3) carrying out oil-water separation treatment on the liquid material to obtain an oil phase and a liquid phase, and transferring the oil phase into an oil storage tank for recycling, so that the liquid material can be used for preparing biological fuel.
Step four, liquid phase treatment: transferring the liquid phase and the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum into a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank for high-temperature anaerobic treatment to prepare an organic fertilizer; or transferring the liquid phase and the composite degradation microbial inoculum into an anaerobic fermentation tank for low-temperature microbial water treatment, and introducing gas generated by fermentation into a high-efficiency nanometer VOCs processor, and discharging the gas into the atmosphere after the gas reaches the discharge standard after treatment.
In the second step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the wet anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during anaerobic fermentation, then the temperature of the wet anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is 25-30 days, the fermentation is carried out for 24h in a storage tank, a small amount of solid residues are obtained, and the secondary composting is carried out for landscaping.
In the fourth step, the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum is three or more than three of bacillus, staphylococcus, pseudomonas, lactobacillus salivarius and pallidum.
Table 1 below shows the data for examples 1-4.
| Content of | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Bacillus sp | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.09 |
| Staphylococcus spp | 0.09 | 0.1 | 0.12 | 0.05 |
| Pseudomonas bacteria | 0.15 | 0.17 | 0.2 | 0.09 |
| Lactobacillus salivarius | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.05 |
| Pallidum bacillus | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.03 |
The common degradation microbial inoculum can inhibit NH in the degradation process of kitchen waste 3 And H 2 S is discharged, but the problem of acidification usually exists in the preparation process of the kitchen waste organic fertilizer, so that the kitchen waste organic fertilizer can be inhibitedAnd (5) quick degradation of garbage. Therefore, the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum is inoculated into the kitchen waste, so that the acidification phenomenon of the kitchen waste is effectively relieved. Meanwhile, the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum can accelerate the utilization rate of total sugar and reducing sugar, is beneficial to converting crude protein in kitchen waste into free amino acid, and ensures that the prepared organic fertilizer is rich in soluble sugar, free amino acid and other small molecular substances which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, and has better water solubility. Can effectively improve the soil nutrient condition and increase the crop yield.
In the fourth step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment, and then the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 55-60 ℃ and the fermentation time is 15-20 days, so that the organic fertilizer is prepared.
In the fourth step, the composite degrading bacterial agent is three or more than three of cellulase, saccharomyces boulardii, saccharomyces cerevisiae, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto and Bacillus licheniformis.
Table 2 below shows the data for examples 5-8.
| Content of | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Example 8 |
| Cellulase enzymes | 210U·g -1 | 230U·g -1 | 250U·g -1 | 180U·g -1 |
| Saccharomyces boulardii | 0.13％ | 0.12％ | 0.15％ | 0.12％ |
| Beer yeast | 0.03％ | 0.04％ | 0.06％ | 0.02％ |
| Lactobacillus plantarum | 0.08％ | 0.08％ | 0.05％ | |
| Lactobacillus casei | 0.07％ | 0.08％ | 0.1％ | |
| Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 0.02 | 0.04％ | ||
| Bacillus subtilis | 0.03％ | 0.03％ | 0.02％ | |
| Bacillus natto | 0.03％ | 0.04％ | ||
| Bacillus licheniformis | 0.03％ | 0.04％ | 0.04％ |
The mixed strain fermentation utilizes the mutual coordination among all strains to improve the fermentation efficiency. The cellulase preparation can quickly decompose crude fiber, so that bacillus can quickly reproduce, and various enzyme systems such as protease, lipase and amylase are secreted, so that the mixed strain can be fermented more comprehensively. The lactobacillus can ferment the carbohydrate in the kitchen waste into lactic acid, and meanwhile bacteriostasis substances such as bacteriocin, bacteriocin and the like are produced, so that the activity of harmful microorganisms and the rapid putrefaction and decomposition of organic matters are effectively inhibited. The optimal embodiment of the low-temperature microorganism biological water treatment is the embodiment 5, and the synergistic effect of the mixed microbial inoculum can enable the kitchen waste treatment to be more efficient and safer.
In the fourth step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during low-temperature microbial water treatment, then the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 20-25 ℃, the fermentation time is controlled to be 15-20 days, and the generated water is gasified.
The invention takes the bionic technology as the core, adopts the crusher, the solid-liquid separation device and the anaerobic fermentation tank as the bionic machinery, and cooperates with the degradation colony to simulate the animal digestion function to treat the kitchen waste, so that the volume of the kitchen waste is greatly reduced. The degradation microbial inoculum has stronger enzyme production capability, a large amount of enzymes participate in the continuous decomposition of substances, large molecules such as starch, protein, fat and the like in kitchen waste are converted into small molecular substances which can be dissolved in water and discharged, the effective reduction rate is more than 95%, and the process is environment-friendly and has no peculiar smell; or decomposing kitchen garbage into organic fertilizer by using degradation microbial inoculum, which is rich in soluble sugar, free amino acid and other small molecular substances which can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, thereby effectively improving soil nutrient condition and crop yield.
The invention adopts the shell with sound insulation function to pack the equipment, and the noise can be reduced to meet the environmental noise emission standard of industrial enterprise factory boundary
(GB 12348).
The antacid degradation microbial inoculum and the composite degradation microbial inoculum are detected according to GB15193.3 and GB/T4789.28, and the microbial inoculum has genetic stability, and the strain is effective and harmless to the environment.
1. Degradation efficiency detection
The Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (SCOD) was measured by GB 11914-89 "determination of Water quality chemical oxygen demand".
450 pieces of kitchen waste crushed aggregates are taken, mixed with distilled water in equal proportion, pH is adjusted to be neutral, the mixture is averagely split into three beakers, 3ml of acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum, 3ml of composite degradation microbial inoculum and 3ml of sterilized distilled water are respectively inoculated after sterilization, the mixture is respectively a first comparison group, a second comparison group and a third comparison group, and the mixture is cultured for 48 hours at 37 ℃, then detection is carried out, and each comparison group is respectively detected for three times.
The results of the organic matter concentration detection are shown in Table 3 below.
The detection results of SCOD are shown in Table 4 below.
As can be seen from Table 3, the organic matter concentration of the first and second comparative groups is obviously reduced, which indicates that the degradation and utilization efficiency of the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum and the composite degradation microbial inoculum on organic matters are better.
As can be obtained from table 4, after inoculating the anti-acidification degradation microbial agents and the composite degradation microbial agents, the SCODs of the comparison groups degrade part of macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular soluble matters first, and then microorganisms proliferate cells by utilizing the organic matters, so that the anti-acidification degradation microbial agents and the composite degradation microbial agents can be easily absorbed and utilized to synthesize new cells by soluble micromolecular matters in kitchen waste, and the growth and the propagation of the microorganisms are promoted.
According to the detection result, a comparison group using the acid degradation resistant microbial inoculum can rise in the later SCOD, which indicates that the acid degradation resistant microbial inoculum can continuously hydrolyze solid-phase macromolecular organic matters of kitchen waste into micromolecular substances, so that the SCOD rises. The anti-acidification degradation microbial inoculum can improve SCOD because kitchen waste contains rich easily-degradable organic matters, and the intermediate to-be-written products of the organic matters can greatly raise small molecular organic acids in the fermentation process, so that the environment becomes acidic, the activity of microorganisms is inhibited, and the degradation efficiency of the organic matters is further reduced. As the acidification degradation resistant microbial inoculum has stronger degradation capacity of small molecular acid, small molecular organic acid can be rapidly decomposed, and environmental acidification is avoided, so that degradation efficiency is improved.
The above embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications and variations without departing from the whole inventive concept, and they still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A commercial kitchen waste treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, crushed aggregates separation: discharging the collected kitchen waste into a crushing machine for crushing treatment, and transferring the crushed materials into a solid-liquid separation device for solid-liquid separation to obtain solid materials and liquid materials respectively;
step two, solid material treatment: transferring the solid material into a wet anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, and introducing gas generated by the wet anaerobic fermentation into a gas treatment device, and discharging the gas into the atmosphere after the gas reaches the discharge standard after treatment;
step three, separating liquid materials: oil-water separation treatment is carried out on the liquid material to obtain an oil phase and a liquid phase, and the oil phase is transferred into an oil storage tank for recovery;
step four, liquid phase treatment: transferring the liquid phase and the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum into a high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank for high-temperature anaerobic treatment, firstly blowing off the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank by using high-purity nitrogen for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation treatment, and then controlling the temperature of the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation tank to be 55-60 ℃ and the fermentation time to be 1-3 days to prepare an organic fertilizer, wherein the acid-resistant degradation microbial inoculum is three or more than three of bacillus, staphylococcus, pseudomonas, lactobacillus salivarius and pallidum; or transferring the liquid phase and the composite degradation microbial inoculum into an anaerobic fermentation tank for low-temperature microbial water treatment, firstly blowing off the anaerobic fermentation tank with high-purity nitrogen for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during the low-temperature microbial water treatment, then controlling the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank to be 20-25 ℃ and the fermentation time to be 1-3 days, introducing the generated water into a gas treatment device, and discharging the gas generated by fermentation into the atmosphere after the gas treatment reaches the discharge standard, wherein the composite degradation microbial inoculum is three or more than three of cellulase, saccharomyces boulardii, beer yeast, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus rhamnosus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto and bacillus licheniformis.
2. The commercial kitchen waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, high-purity nitrogen is firstly used for blowing off the wet anaerobic fermentation tank for 4-6min to exhaust air in the tank during anaerobic fermentation, then the temperature of the wet anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled to be 35-40 ℃, the fermentation time is 1-3 days, and the wet anaerobic fermentation tank stays in a storage pool for 6h after fermentation, so that a small amount of solid residues are obtained.
3. The process for treating kitchen waste in commercial use according to claim 1, wherein the gas treatment devices in the second and fourth steps are high-efficiency nano VOCs treatment devices.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000262277A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-09-26 | Washi Kosan Kk | Microbial preparation |
| CN104030738A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | 习建华 | Resource-based and harmless treatment method for kitchen waste |
| CN105802870A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 付顺林 | Method for treatment of organic waste with microbial composite inoculant |
| CN106636216A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Acidification control method for anaerobic fermentation of organic refuse |
| CN110479737A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-22 | 舟山新舟鱼粉机械有限公司 | A kind of method that rubbish from cooking prepares organic fertilizer |
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2021
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000262277A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-09-26 | Washi Kosan Kk | Microbial preparation |
| CN104030738A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-10 | 习建华 | Resource-based and harmless treatment method for kitchen waste |
| CN105802870A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 付顺林 | Method for treatment of organic waste with microbial composite inoculant |
| CN106636216A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-05-10 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Acidification control method for anaerobic fermentation of organic refuse |
| CN110479737A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-22 | 舟山新舟鱼粉机械有限公司 | A kind of method that rubbish from cooking prepares organic fertilizer |
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