CN106634783A - 一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其应用 Download PDF

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CN106634783A
CN106634783A CN201610898670.9A CN201610898670A CN106634783A CN 106634783 A CN106634783 A CN 106634783A CN 201610898670 A CN201610898670 A CN 201610898670A CN 106634783 A CN106634783 A CN 106634783A
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候悖
王双田
郭腾
单素灵
卢宾
王顼珉
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Beijing Bluestar Cleaning Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其应用,其胶液分为A、B两个组分组;A、B组分组的重量比为:1:3~8,其中:A组分组包括几种聚醚多元醇混合物和改性液体MDI;两者重量比为50~80:20~50;B组分组包括聚醚多元醇10~40份、环保扩链剂1~10份、环保无味增塑剂10~40份、颜料1~10份、气相白炭黑1~10份、超细填料10~50份、纳米有机蒙脱土1~10份、抗氧剂0.1‑0.5份、抗紫外线剂,0.1‑0.5份。本发明制备的得到的纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料具有更加优异的耐候性、耐磨性、粘结性的同时,无毒无臭,对人体、环境无害。

Description

一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其应用,用所述粘结剂制备得到的纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料对人体无害,基本无刺激性气味。
背景技术
PU于20世纪60年代初由美国3M公司首先用于体育场地的铺装,经过多年的发展,到目前为止,PU已用于田径跑道、足球场、网球场、儿童游乐场地。体育馆地面。与传统的土质跑道相比,具有良好的弹性、防滑性、耐磨性、吸震性、场地清洁平整、易于维护管理、减震性好等特点。
几十年来,国内外相继开发了一系列PU跑道。从起初的TDI型改进为目前普遍使用,对人体伤害相对小很多的MDI型;又采用无机纳米材料进行改性,增加了跑道的强度;另外还有成本较高的水性PU、硅PU技术等等。之前使用最广泛的仍然是MDI-聚醚-MOCA-蒙脱土-氯化石蜡-滑石粉体系,成本低、性能好。
但是,近期多次爆发的毒跑道事件愈演愈烈。相应出台的环保标准也越来越严格。从之前的禁止TDI型和铅系催化剂的使用,到目前严格限制游离TDI、游离MDI、VOC、笨类、多环芳烃、可溶性重金属的含量,禁止使用MCOA扩链剂,禁止使用短链氯化石蜡、邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂,对气味严格要求等等。使得市场上大部分PU跑道胶都陷入不满足环保要求的境地。
本发明就是针对最新出台的严格环保要求,替换所有不合格原料,加入新原料新工艺对产品进行改性、补强,使得新配方跑道在满足环保要求,性能也有了一定的改善的同时,成本并没有增加,具有显著地经济效益。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂及其在制备纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料过程中的应用。
本发明采用如下技术方案:一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂,其胶液分为A、B两个组分组;A、B组分组的重量比为1:3~8,其中:A组分组包括一种或多种聚醚多元醇混合物和改性液体MDI,两者重量比为50~80:20~50;B组分组包括聚醚多元醇10~40份、环保扩链剂1~10份、环保无味增塑剂10~40份、颜料1~10份、气相白炭黑1~10份、超细填料10~50份、纳米有机改性蒙脱土1~10份、抗氧剂0.1-0.5份、抗紫外线剂0.1-0.5份,均以质量份计。
进一步,A组分中所选聚醚多元醇为N210、N220、N330中的一种或多种的组合;B组分中所选聚醚多元醇为N220、N330中的一种或两种的组合。
进一步,A组分中,-NCO/-OH 的摩尔比为3-5:1,NCO%为9%;B组分中扩链剂与聚醚多元醇的摩尔比为2-4:1。
进一步,B组分中所述环保扩链剂为DETDA、DMTDA、液体HER、液体HQEE、M-MEA、M-DEA中的一种或几种的组合。
进一步,所述环保扩链剂优选DMTDA与液体HER的组合,其比例为1:0.5-2。在施工时使用全自动喷涂机作业时,也可采用DETDA与DMTDA的组合,可以加快反应速度,提升效率。
进一步,所述环保无味增塑剂为环保长链氯化石蜡、合成植物酯、氯化植物酯、BENZOFLEX9-88、DINCH中的一种或两种的组合。
进一步,所述环保无味增塑剂优选环保长链氯化石蜡,或氯化植物酯与BENZOFLEX9-88的组合物,或氯化植物酯与DINCH的组合物。
进一步,所述氯化植物酯为氯化棕榈油甲酯经过加氢反应所得的饱和氯化脂肪酸甲酯,比重调节为1.2左右,粘度调节为1.15左右。此增塑剂由植物油反应制成,不含短链,无毒无味,增塑性能良好,同时又具有很高的阻燃性。粘度、比重调节合适后既具有较好的流动性和可操作性,又具有较好的相容性和承载力,保证B组分中固体填料与液体混合均匀,长时间放置不分层。
BENZOFLEX9-88和DINCH对聚氨酯材料具有非常优异的相容性,增塑性能突出,同时能有效降低体系的玻璃化转变温度,提高低温可操作性。
所述纳米有机改性蒙脱土是一种含羟基有机胺改性的高纯度有机蒙脱土,改性方法为现有技术中的原位聚合法。
本发明还保护所述的聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂在制备纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料过程中的应用,具体包括以下步骤:
A、制备A组分(聚氨酯预聚体):
将聚醚多元醇混合物在100 ~ 110℃下真空脱水2小时,之后冷却到40 ~ 50℃,然后慢慢加入计量好的MDI,反应温度控制在80-100℃,压强控制在4-6kg/cm2,反应时间为2-4个小时,反应至体系羟基基本反应完全;
B、制备B 组分:
先将上述B组分中聚醚多元醇、环保无味增塑剂、纳米有机改性蒙脱土混合均匀,使用行星搅拌器或者高剪切均质乳化器高速搅拌2-4小时,使纳米粒子充分分散,聚醚多元醇分子链能有效插层在纳米有机改性蒙脱土分子层之间;之后将混合后的胶体加入反应釜,将其余的原料也投入反应釜中混合均匀,温度控制在80-100℃;最后将反应产物用胶体磨研磨至少3遍,投入脱气反应釜,升温至100-110℃真空脱气2h,放入氮气保护的密闭容器中储存备用;
C、跑道底胶混合EPDM颗粒层的制备:以A 组分中的-NCO 与B组分的-OH的摩尔比为0.95~1.05的比例混合,以复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋为催化剂,添加EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌混合均匀后在预定场地铺设底胶并扫泡;
D、跑道面层的制备:待底胶完全成胶后,以A:B质量比为1:2-7的比例混合胶液,以复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋为催化剂,添加EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌均匀后用喷涂机喷涂在底胶之上。
进一步,所述复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋催化剂为高浓度无溶剂异辛酸锌和异辛酸铋的混合物,有效金属浓度达25%以上,二者比例为1-5:1,总添加量为跑道胶总质量的0.1%-0.5%。
与现有技术相比,本发明用环保扩链剂替代MOCA,同时用环保增塑剂代替氯化石蜡、邻苯二甲酸酯类有毒增塑剂,毒性大大降低的同时,气味有明显的改善。用纳米有机改性蒙脱土土替代常用的蒙脱土、膨润土改性聚氨酯,进一步提高了跑道的拉伸强度和伸长率。本发明制备的得到的无毒无味的纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料不仅各项指标达到普通聚醚型聚氨酯铺面材料的性能指标,而且与普通聚醚型聚氨酯铺装材料相比,具有更加优异的耐候性、耐磨性、粘结性的同时,无毒无臭,对人体、环境无害。
另外,本发明相对于其他环保铺装材料,所用原料价格较低,成本相对于普通聚醚型聚氨酯铺面材料并未有太多提高,具有广阔的市场应用空间。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
实施例1
A、制备A组分(聚氨酯预聚体):
将聚醚多元醇混合物在100℃下真空脱水2小时,之后冷却到50℃,通过计算得出NCO含量9%的A组分所需的聚醚多元醇和MDI比例,然后慢慢加入计量好的MDI,反应温度控制在80-100℃,压强控制在4-6kg/cm2,反应时间为2-4个小时,反应至体系羟基基本反应完全;
B、制备B 组分:
先将600g混合聚醚多元醇,1100g加氢氯化棕榈油、150g改性有机纳米蒙脱土混合均匀,使用行星搅拌器或者高剪切均质乳化器高速搅拌2小时;之后将混合后的胶体加入反应釜,将其余的600gDINCH,150g氧化铁红颜料,50g DMTDA,50g液体HER,250g钛白粉,100g气相白炭黑,1940g超细滑石粉,5g抗紫外线剂,5g抗氧剂等原料也投入反应釜中混合均匀,温度控制在80-100℃;最后将反应产物用胶体磨研磨至少3遍,投入脱气反应釜,升温至100-110℃真空脱气2h,放入氮气保护的密闭容器中储存备用;
C、跑道底胶混合EPDM颗粒层的制备
以A:B质量比为1:5的比例混合胶液,加入0.2%的比例为1:1的复合异辛酸锌、异辛酸铋为催化剂,添加5%的EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌混合均匀后倾倒在模具中并扫泡,保证底胶样块厚度在11mm之上;
D、跑道面层的制备
待底胶完全成胶后,以A:B质量比为1:5的比例混合胶液,加入0.3%的比例为1:2的复合异辛酸锌、异辛酸铋为催化剂,添加30%的EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌均匀后用喷涂机喷涂在底胶之上,保证样块总厚度13mm以上。
实施例2将700g混合聚醚,1000g加氢氯化棕榈油,700gBENZOFLEX9-88,100g改性有机纳米土,155g氧化铁红颜料,60g DMTDA,25g液体HER,150g气相白炭黑,2100g超细滑石粉,5g抗紫外线剂,5g抗氧剂按照实施例1所述方法配制成5kgB组分并合成跑道胶样块。
实施例1,2所制备的样块按照国标要求,老化14天后进行性能测试,结果如下:
表1 力学性能测试结果
表2 有害物质检测结果
可见,实施例1和2的材料与普通聚醚型聚氨酯铺装材料相比,具有更加优异的耐候性、耐磨性、粘结性。
尽管通过参照本发明的优选实施例,已经对本发明进行了描述,但本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂,其特征在于,其胶液分为A、B两个组分组;A、B组分组的重量比为1:3~8,其中:A组分组包括一种或多种聚醚多元醇混合物和改性液体MDI,两者重量比为50~80:20~50;B组分组包括聚醚多元醇10~40份、环保扩链剂1~10份、环保无味增塑剂10~40份、颜料1~10份、气相白炭黑1~10份、超细填料10~50份、纳米有机改性蒙脱土1~10份、抗氧剂0.1-0.5份、抗紫外线剂0.1-0.5份,均以质量份计。
2.根据权利要求1所述的胶粘剂,其特征在于,A组分中聚醚多元醇为N210、N220、N330中的一种或多种;A组分中,-NCO/-OH 的摩尔比为3-5:1,NCO%为9%;B组分中扩链剂与聚醚多元醇的摩尔比为2-4:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的胶粘剂,其特征在于,所述环保扩链剂为DETDA、DMTDA、液体HER、液体HQEE、M-MEA、M-DEA中的一种或几种的组合;优选DMTDA与液体HER的组合,其比例为1:0.5-2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的胶粘剂,其特征在于,所述环保无味增塑剂为环保长链氯化石蜡、合成植物酯、氯化植物酯、BENZOFLEX9-88、DINCH中的一种或两种的组合;优选环保长链氯化石蜡,或氯化植物酯与BENZOFLEX9-88的组合物,或氯化植物酯与DINCH的组合物;所述氯化植物酯为氯化棕榈油甲酯经过加氢反应所得的饱和氯化脂肪酸甲酯。
5.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的聚氨酯塑胶跑道胶粘剂在制备纳米PU塑胶跑道铺面材料过程中的应用,具体包括以下步骤:
A、制备A组分:
将聚醚多元醇混合物在100 ~ 110℃下真空脱水2小时,之后冷却到40 ~ 50℃,然后慢慢加入计量好的MDI,反应温度控制在80-100℃,压强控制在4-6kg/cm2,反应时间为2-4个小时,反应至体系羟基基本反应完全;
B、制备B 组分:
先将上述B组分中聚醚多元醇、环保无味增塑剂、纳米有机改性蒙脱土混合均匀,使用行星搅拌器或者高剪切均质乳化器高速搅拌2-4小时,使纳米粒子充分分散,聚醚多元醇分子链能有效插层在纳米有机改性蒙脱土分子层之间;之后将混合后的胶体加入反应釜,将其余的原料也投入反应釜中混合均匀,温度控制在80-100℃;最后将反应产物用胶体磨研磨至少3遍,投入脱气反应釜,升温至100-110℃真空脱气2h,放入氮气保护的密闭容器中储存备用;
C、跑道底胶混合EPDM颗粒层的制备:以A 组分中的-NCO 与B组分的-OH的摩尔比为0.95~1.05的比例混合,以复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋为催化剂,添加EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌混合均匀后在预定场地铺设底胶并扫泡;
D、跑道面层的制备:待底胶完全成胶后,以A:B质量比为1:2-7的比例混合胶液,以复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋为催化剂,添加EPDM橡胶颗粒,搅拌均匀后用喷涂机喷涂在底胶之上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述复合羧酸锌、羧酸铋催化剂为高浓度无溶剂异辛酸锌和异辛酸铋的混合物,有效金属浓度达25%以上,二者比例为1-5:1,总添加量为跑道胶总质量的0.1%-0.5%。
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