CN106631060B - 一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，主要成分为废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡、石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和六偏磷酸钠。本发明的原料中加入了回收耐火砖、铝矿渣和苛化白泥渣，成本比市场产品的成本低10‑20%；加入的回收耐火砖起到增强剂和耐火材料的作用；加入碱性的苛化白泥渣起与石蜡相互配合起到粘结剂的作用，效果良好；在传统的纸质浇道管内侧涂抹一层耐火表面涂层，从而提高纸质浇道管的耐久性；加入石墨烯可以增强电熔镁砂细粉与氧化铝的反应效果；本发明的纸质浇道管制备工艺简单，成本低廉，耐久性好，一般可以使用10次以上，使用后只需简单清理，无需经常更换，可以大大提高生产效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备方法。
背景技术
在当今现有技术中，铸造领域通常广泛使用的浇道管部件是采用陶、瓷等耐火材料所烧制而成。其制造过程为将原材料按一定规格要求制成坯体原料，经混料、陈腐、练泥等工序制成管状生坯，经干燥、煅烧窑炉高温烧制成耐火陶瓷浇道管部件。使用时埋入型砂内成为钢水进入型腔内的通道。其基本功能是保证钢水流动过程中不会造成冲砂、粘砂；钢水冷却后不粘铁、不粘砂。其实质是利用耐火材料的耐火性能将铁水和型砂隔离，以达到上述目的。该技术存在制造过程复杂、能耗高、环境污染大、重量大、易损坏、切割粉尘大、坚硬固体废弃物多，不易除去等缺陷。
中国发明专利申请200910117239.6公开了一种铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备工艺，该纸质浇道采用废纸纸浆作为纤维，但仍需加入成本较高的填充材料、粘结材料、增强剂和防潮剂，而且目前市场上的产品均为一次性使用的纸质浇道管，需要经常更换，耗时、耗工，不利于降低成本和提高生产效率，故有必要研究一种低成本的铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备方法。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管及其制备方法。
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，包括以下重量百分比的成分：
废纸浆 75-85%
回收耐火砖 6-10%
铝矿渣 1-3%
苛化白泥渣 4-8%
石蜡 0.2-0.5%
石墨烯 0.02-0.05%
六偏磷酸钠 0.5-1%
电熔镁砂细粉 余量。
优选的，所述的回收耐火砖的主要成分为刚玉和氧化铝。
优选的，所述的苛化白泥渣的含水量为8-20%。
我国是制浆造纸大国，目前采用化学制浆方法，化学制浆(分为烧碱法和亚硫酸盐法)就是利用各种化学药剂，在特定条件下将植物纤维原料中的大部分木素溶出来使之分散成纸浆。烧碱法主要用来生产某些草浆，如稻麦草、龙须草、芦苇等。亚硫酸盐法主要用来生产木浆，也有用于制竹浆和草浆。化学制浆方法，无论用何种原料都要产生黑液，黑液中含有大量的废碱和有机物，是水体的严重污染源之一。国内多数造纸厂不加任何处理便将黑液排放到河湖中，一方面浪费了大量的碱资源，另一方面严重污染了环境。碱回收是我国造纸工业环境治理的首选措施，它不仅有很好的经济效益，而且还有很好的社会效益，对改善环境有着非常重要的作用和意义。
我国造纸工业与欧美发达国家的本质区别在于制浆种类。国外以木浆为主，我国木浆、非木浆(稻草、麦草、龙须草、芦苇等为原料)造纸工艺约各占50％。造纸苛化白泥渣是指化学制浆法-烧碱法产生的制浆黑液经提取、蒸发浓缩形成固含量50％～70％的碱和有机物，然后将浓缩液放在碱回收锅炉中燃烧，烧去有机物，得到主要成分是碳酸钠和硫化钠的熔融物。熔融物溶于水中形成绿液，加入消化石灰，经过苛化工艺使碳酸钠转化为氢氧化钠，氢氧化钙形成碳酸钙沉淀。苛化后的悬浊液经澄清、洗涤、过滤后的滤液再循环用于制浆，同时得到的沉淀物碳酸钙经过浓缩、真空脱水形成-苛化白泥渣。
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将废纸和水制成废纸浆，并调节浓度为3-5%；
B、按照比例将废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡和一半重量的六偏磷酸钠混合后，搅拌均匀；
C、将调好的浆放入成型机中，成圆筒状；并将圆筒状的纸浆毛坯放入整形模具，热压整形；
D、将石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和剩余的六偏磷酸钠混合均匀后干法研磨，过250目筛，得到耐火表面涂层；
E、在整形后的纸浆脱模后内侧均匀涂抹步骤D的耐火表面涂层；
F、1200-1300℃高温烘干，即可。
优选的，所述的步骤E中，所述的耐火表面涂层的厚度不低于2mm。
本方案相比于传统方案的有益之处在于：
1、本发明的原料中加入了回收耐火砖、铝矿渣和苛化白泥渣，成本比市场产品的成本低10-20%，但产品的强度与市场产品并没有明显的区别，可以满市场需求；
2、加入的回收耐火砖起到增强剂和耐火材料的作用；
3、加入碱性的苛化白泥渣起与石蜡相互配合起到粘结剂的作用，效果良好；
4、在传统的纸质浇道管内侧涂抹一层耐火表面涂层，从而提高纸质浇道管的耐久性；
5、选用的耐火表面涂层的主要成分为石墨烯、六偏磷酸钠和电熔镁砂细粉，其中六偏磷酸钠的作用为粘合剂，即增加耐火表面涂层与原纸质浇道管的粘结效果，将六偏磷酸钠分成两份分别加入耐火表面涂层与原纸质浇道管，效果更好；电熔镁砂细粉本身具备非常好的耐火性能，同时在高温加热过程中与原纸质浇道管的氧化铝成分生成铝镁尖晶石结构，进一步提高表面涂层的耐火性能和强度，使表面可耐1600℃以上的高温；加入石墨烯并将其与电熔镁砂细粉共磨是为了增加电熔镁砂细粉的分散效果，从而增强电熔镁砂细粉与氧化铝的反应效果。
6、本发明的纸质浇道管制备工艺简单，成本低廉，耐久性好，一般可以使用10次以上，使用后只需简单清理，无需经常更换，可以大大提高生产效率。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，包括以下重量百分比的成分：
废纸浆 78%
回收耐火砖 6%
铝矿渣 2%
苛化白泥渣 7%
石蜡 0.3%
石墨烯 0.03%
六偏磷酸钠 0.8%
电熔镁砂细粉 余量。
所述的回收耐火砖的主要成分为刚玉和氧化铝。
所述的苛化白泥渣的含水量为15%。
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将废纸和水制成废纸浆，并调节浓度为4%；
B、按照比例将废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡和一半重量的六偏磷酸钠混合后，搅拌均匀；
C、将调好的浆放入成型机中，成圆筒状；并将圆筒状的纸浆毛坯放入整形模具，热压整形；
D、将石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和剩余的六偏磷酸钠混合均匀后干法研磨，过250目筛，得到耐火表面涂层；
E、在整形后的纸浆脱模后内侧均匀涂抹步骤D的耐火表面涂层；
F、1250℃高温烘干，即可。
所述的步骤E中，所述的耐火表面涂层的厚度为2.2-2.5mm。
实施例2：
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，包括以下重量百分比的成分：
废纸浆 85%
回收耐火砖 6%
铝矿渣 1%
苛化白泥渣 4%
石蜡 0.2%
石墨烯 0.05%
六偏磷酸钠 0.5%
电熔镁砂细粉 余量。
所述的回收耐火砖的主要成分为刚玉和氧化铝。
所述的苛化白泥渣的含水量为20%。
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将废纸和水制成废纸浆，并调节浓度为3%；
B、按照比例将废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡和一半重量的六偏磷酸钠混合后，搅拌均匀；
C、将调好的浆放入成型机中，成圆筒状；并将圆筒状的纸浆毛坯放入整形模具，热压整形；
D、将石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和剩余的六偏磷酸钠混合均匀后干法研磨，过250目筛，得到耐火表面涂层；
E、在整形后的纸浆脱模后内侧均匀涂抹步骤D的耐火表面涂层；
F、1300℃高温烘干，即可。
所述的步骤E中，所述的耐火表面涂层的厚度不低于2.4-2.6mm。
实施例3：
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，包括以下重量百分比的成分：
废纸浆 75%
回收耐火砖 10%
铝矿渣 3%
苛化白泥渣 8%
石蜡 0.5%
石墨烯 0.02%
六偏磷酸钠 1%
电熔镁砂细粉 余量。
所述的回收耐火砖的主要成分为刚玉和氧化铝。
所述的苛化白泥渣的含水量为8%。
一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将废纸和水制成废纸浆，并调节浓度为5%；
B、按照比例将废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡和一半重量的六偏磷酸钠混合后，搅拌均匀；
C、将调好的浆放入成型机中，成圆筒状；并将圆筒状的纸浆毛坯放入整形模具，热压整形；
D、将石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和剩余的六偏磷酸钠混合均匀后干法研磨，过250目筛，得到耐火表面涂层；
E、在整形后的纸浆脱模后内侧均匀涂抹步骤D的耐火表面涂层；
F、1200℃高温烘干，即可。
所述的步骤E中，所述的耐火表面涂层的厚度不低于2.3-2.7mm。
对比实施例1
将实施例1中的耐火表面涂层去除，其余条件不变。
对比实施例2
将实施例1中的石墨烯去除，其余条件不变。
将实施例1和对比实施例1中的纸质浇道管的耐久性和强度做对比，实施例1的纸质浇道管比对比实施例1中的纸质浇道管使用次数增加10次以上，强度也平均增加了45%；
将实施例1和对比实施例2中的纸质浇道管的耐久性和强度做对比，实施例1的纸质浇道管比对比实施例2中的纸质浇道管使用次数增加6-8次，强度也平均增加了18%；此检测数据只针对上述检测样品。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，其特征在于，包括以下重量百分比的成分：
废纸浆 75-85%
回收耐火砖 6-10%
铝矿渣 1-3%
苛化白泥渣 0.5-1%
石蜡 0.2-0.5%
石墨烯 0.02-0.05%
六偏磷酸钠 0.5-1%
电熔镁砂细粉 余量；
所述的低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将废纸和水制成废纸浆，并调节浓度为3-5%；
B、按照比例将废纸浆、回收耐火砖、铝矿渣、苛化白泥渣、石蜡和一半重量的六偏磷酸钠混合后，搅拌均匀；
C、将调好的浆放入成型机中，成圆筒状；并将圆筒状的纸浆毛坯放入整形模具，热压整形；
D、将石墨烯、电熔镁砂细粉和剩余的六偏磷酸钠混合均匀后干法研磨，过250目筛，得到耐火表面涂层；
E、在整形后的纸浆脱模后内侧均匀涂抹步骤D的耐火表面涂层；
F、1200-1300℃高温烘干，即可。
2.如权利要求1所述的低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，其特征在于，所述的回收耐火砖的主要成分为刚玉和氧化铝。
3.如权利要求1所述的低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，其特征在于，所述的苛化白泥渣的含水量为8-20%。
4.如权利要求1所述的低成本耐久型铸造用纸质浇道管，其特征在于，所述的步骤E中，所述的耐火表面涂层的厚度不低于2mm。
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