CN106613836B - The method that zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol - Google Patents
The method that zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol Download PDFInfo
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- CN106613836B CN106613836B CN201611037698.XA CN201611037698A CN106613836B CN 106613836 B CN106613836 B CN 106613836B CN 201611037698 A CN201611037698 A CN 201611037698A CN 106613836 B CN106613836 B CN 106613836B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses the methods that zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol, and during substrate culture tomato, the control of 0% discharging of waste liquid rate is carried out since the first inflorescence Post flowering；During matrix salt accumulation, nutrient solution concentration is improved, is the first inflorescence Post flowering the 3rd week to the 5th week during nutrient solution raising；During improving nutrient solution concentration, nutrient solution concentration is to be increased to 2.4dS/m from EC1.6dS/m to be reduced to 1.6dS/m again；During substrate culture tomato, substrate water flow controls on the basis of -2~-1kPa, and discharging of waste liquid rate is controlled 0%, matrix solution EC value is made to rise to 10~20dS/m, it is improved while during rising on it and irrigates nutrient solution concentration, promote the accumulation of Medium Culture salinity.The present invention reduces bleed rate and the short-term nutrient solution concentration that improves effectively increases tamato fruit pol in substrate culture, and operating method is simple, at low cost, as a result reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the regulation of substrate culture Tomato Quality and the fields that develops skill, and carry out especially for high pol tomato
The method of regulation combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit sugar in substrate culture more particularly to a kind of zero bleed rate
The method of degree.
Background technique
Tomato is one of main vegetables in the maximum vegetables of cultivated area and people's ordinary meal in the world.With
The raising of living standards of the people, demand of the consumer to tomato change from scalar type to mass type.In recent years, existed both at home and abroad
Tomato Quality regulation aspect achieves biggish progress.For example, Japan carries out the cultivation of high pol tomato since 1975
Training, Shizuoka's county's agricultural experiment station develops root zone restricted type nutrient solution culturing device, can the high pol tomato of steady production (Brix:
8-10%).Realize high-quality vegetables highly dense corresponding cultivation techniques, scientific optimization in management, high-quality, high yield in production,
Low consumption, efficient novel planting type.Currently, the high-quality such as high pol, high hycopene, high GABA (γ-Amino Butyric Acid)
Tomato has been carried out branding and commercialized large-scale production in Japan, and is liked deeply by the majority of consumers.China's benefit
With " deficit irrigation " technology, i.e., gives crop one moderate Drought Stress by moderate control soil moisture, improve tomato fruit
The content of the soluble matter such as sugar, organic acid, vitamin in reality, soluble sugar content can be increased to 8 from 5% (commonly pouring water) in fruit
~10%, strong tomato flavor and mouthfeel obtain people's high evaluation.Due to the current establishment planting technology developing water in China
Flat and consumer is still in conceptual phase to the cognition degrees of high-quality vegetables, high pol tomato.
So-called high pol tomato, refers to pol 7% (soluble solid) or more, with appearance is good, pulp is hard, resistance to storage
The features such as hiding, commodity value is high.Sugar content is the key factor for determining Tomato Quality in fruit.Studies have shown that improving tomato
The most basic method of pol is that cultivation has the kind for being easy to improve pol, but the kind that pol is easy to improve generally has yield
Downward trend.Therefore, mostly important method is continued to optimize in cultivation technique.After the 1990s, China is successive
Many modern greenhouses have been introduced, while also having introduced matched cultivation technique without soil, compared with soil cultivation, soilless cultivation tool
There is water-saving to save fertilizer, laborsaving saving of labor, the advantages that being easily managed while avoiding soil continuous cropping obstacle, and not by territorial restrictions, can fill
Point utilize space, greatly promote ground and the underground environment controllability of crop, give full play to the productive potentialities of crop, quality with
Yield is greatly improved.
In today that water resources crisis becomes increasingly conspicuous, soil " deficit irrigation " technology is applied more on vegetables.Base at present
Matter cultivated area accounts for 90% or more of China's soilless cultivation area.In substrate culture, regulated and controled by water deficit, that is, passed through
There is not been reported for the pol for adjusting waste liquid discharging amount and nutrient solution concentration to adjust tamato fruit, the research of high pol tomato for
The development of high efficiency, Labor-saving, low cost, high-quality in China's agricultural modernization process is pushed to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The side for combining short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol it is an object of the invention to propose zero bleed rate
Method, this method is easy to operate, at low cost, significant effect and stabilization.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention: zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol
Method carries out the control of 0% discharging of waste liquid rate during substrate culture tomato since the first inflorescence Post flowering；In matrix
During salt accumulation, nutrient solution concentration is improved, is the first inflorescence Post flowering the 3rd week to the 5th week during nutrient solution raising.
Preferably, during improving nutrient solution concentration, nutrient solution concentration is that 2.4dS/m is increased to from EC1.6dS/m again
It is reduced to 1.6dS/m.
Preferably, during substrate culture tomato, substrate water flow is controlled on the basis of -2~-1kPa, and waste liquid is arranged
Put rate control 0%, so that matrix solution EC value is risen to 10~20dS/m, on it rise during while improve irrigate nutrient solution
Concentration promotes the accumulation of Medium Culture salinity.
Preferably, during improving nutrient solution concentration, specifically by raising nutrient solution intermediate ion concentration or addition
NaCl。
Preferably, the state of high salt accumulation is kept in fruit mast and maturity period, fruit pol can reach 6.5%~
8.1%, and single fruit weight is in 95~105g.
Preferably, this method is suitable for the tomato of trickle irrigation substrate culture.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) in trickle irrigation substrate culture tomato the technical scheme is that utilize reduction
Bleed rate and the short-term nutrient solution concentration that improves effectively improve the pol of fruit while guaranteeing its stable yield, it was demonstrated that shows
The feasibility of the high pol tomato of soilless cultivation in generationization facility；(2) excellent using being that an environmental protection is effective and easy-to-use technology
Gesture is prominent；(3) operating method of the invention is simple, at low cost, as a result reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the substrate water flow change curve schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 2 is solution E C value change curve schematic diagram in the matrix of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention two with matrix solution EC value raising fruit pol change curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 be two plant of the embodiment of the present invention in the matrix at growth period solution E C value change schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that schematic diagram is arranged in three treatment region nutrient solution concentration of the embodiment of the present invention and waste liquid discharging amount.
Fig. 6 is solution E C value change curve schematic diagram in the matrix of the embodiment of the present invention three.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
1.1 test materials and test method
Test carries out in College of Horticulture, Agricultural University Of South China vinyl house, will be long to the first flower on May 11st, 2014
" greenhouse Momotaro " tomato plant that room is bloomed is colonized in the non-woven fabrics monomer cultivation bowl that volume is 750mL, and coconut palm is filled in alms bowl
Chaff, as cultivation matrix.To the 4th inflorescence Post flowering of plant, top stays two panels leaf to pinch, and every fruit room stays 4 fruits.After field planting, prison
The diurnal variation for surveying the matrix mesostroma flow of water carries out automatic dripping irrigation (such as Fig. 1) lower than -2kPa, and nutrient solution is Japanese vegetable garden experimental formula
EC1.6dS/m(NO3- N 11me/L, P 3.0me/L, K 5.0me/L, Ca 5.0me/L, Mg 3.0me/L), EC2.4dS/m
(NO3-N 16me/L、P 4.0me/L、K 8.0me/L、Ca 8.0me/L、Mg 4.0me/L)。
By adjusting the feed flow frequency of automatic irrigation, daily discharging of waste liquid rate is controlled as 0% and 20% two
Processing.Therefore, 3 treatment regions of experimental design, 0%EC 1.6,20%EC 1.6,0%EC 1.6/0.8 (enter the fruit mast phase
0.8) nutrient solution EC value is dropped to by 1.6,3 repetitions of each processing, 16 plants of each repetition.Test process uses weekly needle after starting
Pipe is sampled the nutrient solution in cultivation matrix, measures its EC value.The digital refractometer of ATAGO company, fruit utilization Japan is straight
Connect soluble solid (Brix%) content in measurement tamato fruit ventricle.
1.2 results and analysis
Fig. 2 shows, with the growth of plant, blooms, fruit mast and mature, and ascendant trend is presented in matrix solution EC value,
Reduction of the picking time with picking time fruit number, the decline of plant water absorption, EC value also decline therewith.Not due to discharge rate
Together, EC value ascensional range is different, and 0% is higher than 20%.In the fruit mast phase, 0% EC value has reached 10dS/m, and in fruit
Maturity period still keeps higher level, and fruit pol is 6.7%.And 20% EC value is less than 10dS/m in entire growth period, fruit
Real pol is also below 0% treatment region.After plant is pinched, EC1.6/0.8 treatment region is since nutrient solution EC value is lowered, EC in matrix
Value also declines therewith, and fruit pol is 5.0%.The above result shows that bleed rate is controlled 0%, matrix is made after blooming
Solution E C value is promoted in the fruit mast phase to 10dS/m or more, and fruit pol can be improved.
Embodiment 2
2.1 test materials and test method
Test carries out in College of Horticulture, Agricultural University Of South China vinyl house, will be long to the first flower on September 10th, 2014
" greenhouse Momotaro " tomato plant that room is bloomed is colonized in the non-woven fabrics monomer cultivation bowl that volume is 750mL, and coconut palm is filled in alms bowl
Chaff, as cultivation matrix.Other experiment conditions are same as Example 1.
Nutrient solution EC value: being increased to 2.4dS/m from 1.6dS/m for nutrient solution EC value in Post flowering third week, extensive after the 5th week
1.6dS/m is arrived again.Bleed rate: 0%, 20%.
2.2 results and analysis
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows that ascendant trend is presented in florescence in matrix solution EC value, reaches within Hua Hou 5 weeks peak value, fruit fertilizer
The big phase keeps stablizing high level, picking time downward trend.The EC value ascensional range in 0%th area is greater than 20%th area, and in fruit fertilizer
Relatively high level (≈ 10dS/m) is maintained at the maturity period greatly.Fruit pol is respectively 7.2% and 5.5%.Embodiment 2 exists
On the basis of embodiment 1, is improved before fruit mast and irrigate nutrient solution concentration, and make matrix solution after entering the fruit mast phase
EC value reaches 10dS/m or more, keeps under this high level in fructescence later, pol has been increased to 7.2%, reaches
The standard of high pol tomato.
With the raising of matrix solution EC value, show to achieve the effect that a salt accumulation in the substrate.Therefore, high pol
It is that salt accumulation promotes phase and salt accumulation retention period respectively that the cultivation of tomato, which is related to two critical periods,.Promote the phase in salinity
Between, it takes zero bleed rate and improves the method (EC1.6 → 2.4dS/m) of nutrient solution concentration, matrix solution EC value is made to reach 10dS/
M or more.It keeps therebetween, irrigating nutrient solution EC value and being restored to EC1.6dS/m, still keep zero bleed rate, make matrix solution in salinity
EC value is stably held in high level.
Embodiment 3
3.1 test materials and test method
Test carries out in College of Horticulture, Agricultural University Of South China vinyl house, will be long to the first flower on May 11st, 2014
" greenhouse Momotaro " tomato plant that room is bloomed is colonized in the non-woven fabrics monomer cultivation bowl that volume is 750mL, and coconut palm is filled in alms bowl
Chaff, as cultivation matrix.Other experiment conditions are same as Example 1.Experimental design three processing (Fig. 5), bleed rate is all
0%.
Nutrient solution processing: in example 2 on the basis of EC1.6/2.4/1.6, two is added in promotion and during keeping and is added
Add NaCl nutrient solution treatment region, started to carry out salt stress respectively at Post flowering the 2nd week, the 3rd week.
3.2 results and analysis
Fig. 6 shows that during salt accumulation promotes, the EC value in the first area NaCl started to steeply rise at Post flowering the 2nd week, the
Reach peak value, 18.46dS/m within 5 weeks.The EC value in the area EC1.6/2.4/1.6 and the rear area NaCl started at Post flowering the 3rd week on sharply
It rises, it is 18.03dS/m and 17.46dS/m respectively that the 5th week, which reaches peak value,.During salt accumulation is kept, the first area NaCl keep compared with
High level is higher than EC1.6/2.4/1.6 and rear NaCl.Mean Fruit Weight is without significant difference, the sugar in the first area NaCl in three treatment regions
Degree is 8.1% (table 1), is significantly higher than the rear area NaCl, not significant with EC1.6/2.4/1.6 difference.Show from Post flowering the 2nd
Thoughtful 3rd week, nutrient solution EC value is increased to from 1.6dS/m by 2.4dS/m by addition NaCl, 4th week starts to recall to EC value
To 1.6dS/m, fruit pol can reach 8.1%.
Tomato mean fruit weight and pol under 1 Different Nutrition liquid processing mode of table
Person of ordinary skill in the field, can be right in the case where not departing from the broader invention concept of above-described embodiment
Above-described embodiment is changed, however, it is understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiment, but be intended to by
The modification in the spirit and scope of the present invention that claims are defined.
Claims (3)
1. the method that zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol, it is characterised in that: planted in matrix
During training tomato, substrate water flow is controlled on the basis of -2~-1kPa, and 0% waste liquid is carried out since the first inflorescence Post flowering
The control of emission index makes matrix solution EC value rise to 10~20dS/m；From the first inflorescence Post flowering the 2nd week to the 3rd week, pass through
Nutrient solution EC value is increased to 2.4dS/m from 1.6dS/m by addition NaCl, promotes the accumulation of Medium Culture salinity, 4th week start by
EC value adjusts back to 1.6dS/m.
2. the method that zero bleed rate according to claim 1 combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol,
It is characterized by: keeping the state of high salt accumulation in fruit mast and maturity period, fruit pol can reach 6.5%~8.1%,
And single fruit weight is in 95~105g.
3. the method that zero bleed rate according to claim 1 combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol,
It is characterized by: this method is suitable for the tomato of trickle irrigation substrate culture.
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| CN201611037698.XA CN106613836B (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | The method that zero bleed rate combines short-term high concentration nutritional liquid to improve tamato fruit pol |
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| JPH10271924A (en) * | 1997-03-31 | 1998-10-13 | Japan Tobacco Inc | Production of tomato of high sugar content by cultivation with culture solution |
| CN101773062A (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2010-07-14 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving nutritional quality of soillessly cultured tomatoes |
| CN101874450B (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-11-16 | 中国农业大学 | Method for improving Vc content in tomato fruit in soilless culture |
| CN202340562U (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-07-25 | Mkv梦想株式会社 | Basin for Nutrient fluid cultivation |
| CN104247658A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-31 | 谢振西 | Soilless cultivation method for increasing loofah yield |
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