CN106612828A - Corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine and fine seeding method thereof - Google Patents

Corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine and fine seeding method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106612828A
CN106612828A CN201611199767.7A CN201611199767A CN106612828A CN 106612828 A CN106612828 A CN 106612828A CN 201611199767 A CN201611199767 A CN 201611199767A CN 106612828 A CN106612828 A CN 106612828A
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China
Prior art keywords
fertilizer
seed
cave
wheel
hole
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CN201611199767.7A
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CN106612828B (en
Inventor
张俊雄
蔺泽虹
李伟
张文强
刘华猛
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/16Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062Devices for making drills or furrows
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fine operation agricultural device and especially relates to a corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine. The corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine comprises a plurality of corn hole fertilizing hole-sowing monomers (36), land wheels (29), a tri-point suspension (34) and a frame, wherein the corn hole fertilizing hole-sowing monomers (36) are arranged on a cross beam (37) of the frame; each corn hole fertilizing hole-sowing monomer (36) further comprises a hole fertilizing monomer and a single chip-based control system; the hole fertilizing monomer comprises a front fixing plate (41), a fertilizing opener (1), a fertilizing soil-covering mechanism (2), a soil breaking wheel (3), an external sheave fertilizer discharger (11), a fertilizer box (12) and an intermittent fertilizer draining mechanism (16); and the single chip-based control system comprises a rotary encoder (31), a laser sensor (7) and a single chip (50). The corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine provided by the invention is free from thinning and topdressing, is time-saving and labor-saving, is seed-saving and fertilizer-saving, is simple, convenient and practical, is capable of greatly simplifying the farm operation and is capable of reducing production cost.

Description

A kind of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder and its Precision Seeding method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fine work agricultural equipment, more particularly, to a kind of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder and Its Precision Seeding method.
Background technology
In traditional corn planting agronomy, first to apply fertilizer to the subsoil before sowing, away from earth's surface 20cm or so;Mouth fertilizer is applied during sowing, Mouthful fertilizer is applied below seed at 3~5cm.There are three to inhale fertile peak during corn planting:Jointing stage, typhon mouth phase and take out Male spinning phase, these three stages should by several times topdress and want deep-topdressing.Practice have shown that, depth of topdressing reaches 8~10cm than 2cm depth Volume increase 10%~15%, utilization rate of fertilizer improves 15% or so.Need during this repeatedly with different agricultural machinery and implement, to soil Earth is repeatedly ditched, and is unfavorable for improving working performance, and moisture loss is big in soil.In the middle of maize root system in band fertilising Fertilizer cannot be absorbed, cause fertilising excessive, environment is impacted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind without thinning, without topdressing, time and labour saving, seed and fertilizer saving, it is simple and practical, Farming operation can be greatly simplified, production cost is reduced, the Semen Maydiss normotopia of liquid manure utilization ratio and Semen Maydiss per unit area yield is increased substantially Cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that use Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder carries out Precision Seeding.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder, including Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36, land wheel 29, trifilar suspension 34 And frame, multiple cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers 36 are on the crossbeam 37 of frame;
Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36 includes sowing main bracing frame 45, four bar feeler mechanisms 10, fertilising body supports Plate 43, press wheel 6 and bunch planting monomer;Sowing main bracing frame 45, four bar feeler mechanisms 10, fertilising body supports plate 43 by it is rear extremely Front sequence connects;
Bunch planting monomer includes double disk opener 4, sowing covering device 5, feed mechanism for seed 8 and plants case 9, and the bunch planting monomer is arranged on On sowing main bracing frame 45;
Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36 also includes cave-applied fertilizer monomer and SCM Based control system;
Cave-applied fertilizer monomer, including front shoe 41, applicator boot 1, fertilising casing mechanism 2, hack wheel 3, water jacket schedule Fertile device 11, fertilizer box 12 and interval fertilizer mechanism 16;
The rear side of front shoe 41 is connected on fertilising body supports plate 43 by front shoe bolt group 47, front shoe 41 The affixed rectangular tube 38 in front side, each affixed square tube 39 in the both sides of rectangular tube 38, square tube 39 is affixed with front shoe 41 by floor 40;
Applicator boot 1 inserts in rectangular tube 38 and is fixed in the lower end of rectangular tube 38;
Deep fertilizer spraying casing mechanism 2, including wave disc fixed seat 17, adjustable support 18, wave disc bolt group 19, bearing 20th, ring flange 21 and wave disc 22;
Wave disc fixed seat 17 is affixed with square tube 39, and adjustable support 18 passes through " u "-shaped bolt with wave disc fixed seat 17 It is connected, from the inside to surface order is fixed on adjustable support to wave disc 22 by ring flange 21, bearing 20 and wave disc bolt group 19 On 18;
Fertilizer apparatus support 48 is fixed on fertilising body supports plate 43, and fertilizer box 12 is arranged on the upper end of fertilizer apparatus support 48, outward Fluted roller feed distributor 11 is arranged on the lower section of fertilizer box 12;
Interval fertilizer mechanism 16 includes valve 23, rotating shaft 24, defertilizing tube 25, shaft coupling 26, motor 27, motor Support 28 and layer by layer manuring device 52;
Defertilizing tube 25 is fixed in the upper end of layer by layer manuring device 52, and connects with layer by layer manuring device 52;Defertilizing tube 25 and fertilizer box 12 Connected by corrugated tube 49, the front side of layer by layer manuring device 52 is affixed with the rear side of deep-fertilizing furrow opener 1;Motor 27 is by step Stepper motor support 28 is arranged on defertilizing tube 25;The upper end of valve 23 is provided with " u "-shaped groove, and rotating shaft 24 is fixed in the upper end of valve 23 In " u "-shaped groove, valve 23 is arranged in defertilizing tube 25, and motor 27 is connected by shaft coupling 26 with rotating shaft 24;
Hack wheel 3 on hack wheel support 46 by being arranged on fertilising body supports plate 43, and after defertilizing tube 25 Side;
SCM Based control system, including rotary encoder 31, laser sensor 7 and single-chip microcomputer 50;Wherein, rotate On encoder 31 is arranged at the rotating shaft of land wheel 29, laser sensor 7 is arranged on the sowing port of feed mechanism for seed 8, single-chip microcomputer 50 and step Stepper motor 27 connects, and rotary encoder 31 and laser sensor 7 are connected respectively with single-chip microcomputer 50 by circuit;
Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft 33 is through the external roller type fertilizer distributor 11 on multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers 36;
The bottom of adjustable support 18 is parallel from front to back to be provided with multiple holes, and wave disc 22 is by installed in adjustable support 18 Multiple holes in one adjust its front and back position.
A diameter of 500mm of wave disc 22, the thickness of wave disc 22 is 2.5mm.
Fertilising body supports plate 43 is provided with hole, and the upper end of hack wheel support 46 is provided with hole, the hole of body supports of applying fertilizer plate 43 Position relative with the hole of hack wheel support 46, fertilising body supports plate of the final drive shaft 35 through multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers 43 hole and the hole of hack wheel support 46;
Final drive shaft 35 and outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft 33 are connected by the 5th chain group 32;
The axle and final drive shaft 35 of land wheel 29 is connected by the 4th chain group 30;
Final drive shaft 35 and the first rotating shaft 53 positioned at the rear portion of fertilising body supports plate 43 are connected by the first chain group 13 Connect;
Connected by the 3rd chain group 15 positioned at the second anterior rotating shaft 54 and feed mechanism for seed 8 for sowing main bracing frame 45;
Second rotating shaft 54 and feed mechanism for seed 8 are connected by the second chain group 14.
A kind of method that use Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder carries out Precision Seeding, comprises the steps:
A. applicator boot 1 buries the depth of 25cm or so, outputs dressing furrow, and fertilizer is stored in fertilizer box 12, fertilizer Jing Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus 11, corrugated tube 49 are flowed in interval fertilizer mechanism 16, and interval fertilizer mechanism 16 is interrupted continuous fertilizer stream Soil is entered, fertilising casing mechanism 2 carries out lasting earthing operation, fertilizer is clamped by soil rapidly, will not fall dressing furrow Out-of-flatness soil surface after earthing is crushed rolling by bottom of trench, hack wheel 3;
B. rotary encoder 31 is connected with land wheel 29, and rotary encoder 31 gathers the rotary speed information of land wheel 29, and pulse is sent out Deliver to single-chip microcomputer 50;Laser sensor 7 gathers seeds fall information, and sends data to single-chip microcomputer 50;Single-chip microcomputer 50 is with sharp The seeds fall information of the collection of optical sensor 7 and the rotary speed information of the collection of rotary encoder 31 drive as control motor 27 Interval fertilizer mechanism 16 opening and closing foundation, i.e., by the rotating of real-time control motor 27, make interval fertilizer mechanism 16 Interruption fertilizer, sets the step angle of motor 27 as C °, and the maximum folding angle of valve 23 is α °, stepping electricity when valve 23 is opened To rotate forward, the diameter D of land wheel 29, line number S of rotary encoder 31, Semen Maydiss pearl spacing T, fertilizer is distributed in the throwing of seed downward vertical to machine 27 Shadow φ D2In the range of, by encoder pulse equivalent computing formula:P is pulse equivalency, extrapolates single-chip microcomputer 50 and receivesSend after individual pulseIndividual positive pulse is rotated forward to motor 27, motor 27, and valve 23 is opened, single-chip microcomputer 50 Pulse is continued to, when continuing to receiveSend after individual pulseIndividual negative pulse is inverted to motor 27, motor 27, valve Door 23 is closed, and completes a fertilizer process;
C. 5cm or so depth is outputed directly over the dressing furrow of the rolling of hack wheel 3 of the double disk opener 4 after step a Ditch is planted, in kind of case 9, Jing feed mechanism for seeds 8 are entered in kind of ditch seed storage by grain, and seed falls into kind of a ditch bottom of trench, and sowing covering device 5 enters Row earthing operation, kind of a ditch is filled and led up, and press wheel 6 carries out suppression operation, by the soil compression on seed top layer, is conducive to corn seed Germination;
D. single-chip microcomputer 50 corrects interval fertilizer mechanism by the information of the detection discharge seed of feed mechanism for seed 8 of laser sensor 7 16, the synchronicity with feed mechanism for seed 8 is reached, make seed and the same cave of fertilizer.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
Compared with traditional corn fertilizing seeder, the Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder of the present invention have without Seedling, without topdressing, time and labour saving, seed and fertilizer saving, it is simple and practical, can greatly simplify farming operation, reduce production cost, significantly The characteristics of degree improves liquid manure utilization ratio and Semen Maydiss per unit area yield.
Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder is directed to North China Plain Soils In The Region characteristic, improves country Semen Maydiss side position at present The earthing performance of combined seed and fertilizer drill, the more consistent fertilization depth of acquisition and depth of planting, keep more consistent seed-fertilizer distance. Using singlechip technology, the technology that solution spot application, synchronous sowing and cave-applied fertilizer speed are matched with Running Speed of Tractor is asked Topic.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of another angle of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 3 a, 3b are the casing mechanism schematic diagram of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the interval fertilizer mechanism schematic diagram of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the overall structure diagram of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the overall structure diagram of another angle of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the front end fixed mount schematic diagram of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the connection diagram of the defertilizing tube with plough of Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of rotating shaft and valve in defertilizing tube of the present invention.
Reference:
The fertilising hack wheel of casing mechanism 3 of 1 applicator boot 2
The press wheel of 4 double disk opener, 5 sowing covering device 6
7 laser sensor, 8 feed mechanism for seed, 9 kinds of casees
The fertilizer box of 10 4 bar feeler mechanism, 11 outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus 12
The chain group of 13 first 14 second chain group 15 of chain group the 3rd
The adjustable support of 16 interval fertilizer mechanism, 17 wave disc fixed seat 18
The ring flange of 19 20 bearing of wave disc bolt group 21
The rotating shaft of 22 wave disc, 23 valve 24
The motor of 25 defertilizing tube, 26 shaft coupling 27
The chain group of 28 motor support, 29 land wheel 30 the 4th
The outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft of 31 the 5th chain group of rotary encoder 32 33
The Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer of 34 trifilar suspension, 35 final drive shaft 36
The square tube of 37 crossbeam, 38 rectangular tube 39
The fixed column of 40 floor, 41 front shoe 42
43 fertilising body supports plates 45 sow the hack wheel support of main bracing frame 46
The corrugated tube of 47 48 fertilizer apparatus support of front shoe bolt group 49
The first rotating shaft of 50 single-chip microcomputer, 52 layer by layer manuring device 53
54 second rotating shafts
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder of the invention include Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36, Land wheel 29, trifilar suspension 34 and frame.The frame includes crossbeam 37.
According to field planting situation and user's request, multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers 36 are arranged on into the crossbeam of frame On 37, land wheel 29, trifilar suspension 34 are separately mounted on the crossbeam 37 of frame.Tractor is by trifilar suspension 34 and Semen Maydiss normotopia Cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder is connected.
As shown in Fig. 1,2 and Fig. 8, Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36 includes SCM Based control system, sowing master Body bracing frame 45, four bar feeler mechanisms 10, fertilising body supports plate 43, press wheel 6, cave-applied fertilizer monomer and bunch planting monomer.
Sowing main bracing frame 45, four bar feeler mechanisms 10 and fertilising body supports plate 43 are by rear to front sequence connection, town Pinch roller 6 is fixed in the rear end of sowing main bracing frame 45.
Cave-applied fertilizer monomer, including front shoe 41, applicator boot 1, fertilising casing mechanism 2, hack wheel 3, water jacket schedule Fertile device 11, fertilizer box 12 and interval fertilizer mechanism 16.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, the rear side of front shoe 41 is connected to fertilising body supports plate by front shoe bolt group 47 On 43, the affixed rectangular tube 38 in the front side of front shoe 41, each affixed square tube 39 in the both sides of rectangular tube 38, square tube 39 by floor 40 with it is front Fixed plate 41 is affixed, affixed four fixed columns 42 of the rear side of front shoe 41, for by Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer 36 in frame Crossbeam 37 on position.
Insert in rectangular tube 38 and be fixed in the lower end of rectangular tube 38 in the upper end of applicator boot 1.
As shown in Fig. 3 a, 3b, deep fertilizer spraying casing mechanism 2, including wave disc fixed seat 17, adjustable support 18, wave disc Bolt group 19, bearing 20, ring flange 21 and wave disc 22.
Wherein, wave disc fixed seat 17 is bolted affixed with square tube 39, and adjustable support 18 is fixed with wave disc Seat 17 is connected by " u "-shaped bolt.By " u "-shaped bolt unclamp, adjustable support 18 relative to wave disc fixed seat 17 can more than Lower movement, can adjust the height and position of wave disc 22.From the inside to surface order passes through ring flange 21, bearing 20 and ripple to wave disc 22 Stricture of vagina valve snail bolt group 19 is fixed on adjustable support 18.The bottom of adjustable support 18 is parallel from front to back to be provided with multiple holes, ripple Disk 22 adjusts its front and back position by multiple holes of adjustable support 18.Wave disc 22 inserts soil during operation In, further roll with before tractor, reduce earthing resistance.
The deep fertilizer spraying casing mechanism 2 of the present invention can carry out efficient earthing operation, and the wave disc 22 of employing is a diameter of 500mm, wave disc diameter relatively at present on the market is bigger, and embedded depth reaches more than 200mm;The thickness of wave disc 22 is 2.5mm, Overall ripple, corrugation density is low, and ripple amplitude is big, and peak swing is the 6% of wave disc diameter, and minimum amplitude is wave disc diameter 1.25%, peak swing be located at ripple plate edge, minimum amplitude be located at ripple disk center, can effectively reduce trench digging resistance Power.After the insertion soil of wave disc 22, the disturbance that is subject to of soil in deeper place is bigger, can effectively loose plough both sides soil Earth, forces soil to be back in fertilizer ditch.
Wave disc 22 is inserted vertically in soil, with running resistance is little, rotation compared with traditional disc type coverer Energy is good, embedded depth is deep, be adapted to the earthing operation of Semen Maydiss deep fertilizer spraying.Fertilizer is set to be covered by soil rapidly from after fertilizer outlet discharge, Bottom of trench is not dropped to because of the impact of gravity, the secondary ditching of seed opener is nor affected on.Finally realize seed manure normotopia, fertilizer The depth of 10~20cm immediately below seed is distributed in, single-dose application is guaranteed to the demand of fertilizer in milpa growth course, Secondary topdressing is not needed.
Fertilizer apparatus support 48 is fixed on fertilising body supports plate 43, and fertilizer box 12 is arranged on the upper end of fertilizer apparatus support 48, outward Fluted roller feed distributor 11 is arranged on the lower section of fertilizer box 12.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Figure 10, interval fertilizer mechanism 16 includes valve 23, rotating shaft 24, defertilizing tube 25, shaft coupling Device 26, motor 27, motor support 28 and layer by layer manuring device 52.
Defertilizing tube 25 is fixed in the upper end of layer by layer manuring device 52, and connects with layer by layer manuring device 52.Defertilizing tube 25 and fertilizer box 12 Connected by corrugated tube 49, the front side of layer by layer manuring device 52 is affixed with the rear side of deep-fertilizing furrow opener 1.Motor 27 is by step Stepper motor support 28 is arranged on defertilizing tube 25.The upper end of valve 23 is provided with " u "-shaped groove, and rotating shaft 24 is fixed in the upper end of valve 23 In " u "-shaped groove, valve 23 is arranged in defertilizing tube 25, and motor 27 is connected by shaft coupling 26 with rotating shaft 24.
As shown in figure 8, hack wheel 3 is arranged on fertilising body supports plate 43, and positioned at fertilizer by hack wheel support 46 The rear of pipe 25.
As shown in figure 1, bunch planting monomer includes double disk opener 4, sowing covering device 5, feed mechanism for seed 8 and plants case 9, the bunch planting Monomer is arranged on sowing main bracing frame 45, for the trench digging of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder, seeding and earthing.
SCM Based control system, including rotary encoder 31, laser sensor 7 and single-chip microcomputer 50.Wherein, rotate On encoder 31 is arranged at the rotating shaft of land wheel 29;Laser sensor 7 is arranged on the sowing port of feed mechanism for seed 8, for detecting seed Whereabouts situation;Single-chip microcomputer 50 is connected with motor 27, for controlling motor 27.Rotary encoder 31, laser sensor 7 It is connected by circuit with single-chip microcomputer 50 respectively.
Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft 33 is through the external roller type fertilizer distributor 11 on multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers 36.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 8, the body supports plate 43 that applies fertilizer is provided with hole, and the upper end of hack wheel support 46 is provided with hole, fertilising master , with respect to position, final drive shaft 35 is through multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers for the hole of body gripper shoe 43 and the hole of hack wheel support 46 The hole of fertilising body supports plate 43 and the hole arrangement of hack wheel support 46.
Final drive shaft 35 and outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft 33 are connected by the 5th chain group 32.
The rotating shaft of land wheel 29 and final drive shaft 35 are connected by the 4th chain group 30.
During Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting 36 operation of monomer, the tractor-drawn precision seeder of high-power along straight line moving, by ground The wheel 29, power transmission of the chain group 30 of final drive shaft 35 and the 4th, the rotary part for whole precision seeder provides power resources.
Final drive shaft 35 and the first rotating shaft 53 positioned at the rear portion of fertilising body supports plate 43 are connected by the first chain group 13 Connect.
Connected by the 3rd chain group 15 positioned at the second anterior rotating shaft 54 and feed mechanism for seed 8 for sowing main bracing frame 45.
Second rotating shaft 54 and feed mechanism for seed 8 are connected by the second chain group 14.
The course of work:
During operation, applicator boot 1 buries the depth of 25cm or so, outputs dressing furrow, and fertilizer is stored in fertilizer box 12, fertilizer Material Jing outer groove-wheels fertilizer apparatus 11, corrugated tube 49 is flowed in interval fertilizer mechanism 16, and interval fertilizer mechanism 16 is by continuous fertilizer stream Interruption enters soil.Fertilising casing mechanism 2 carries out lasting earthing operation, fertilizer is clamped by soil rapidly, will not fall ditch Bottom.Ensure continuously there is fertilizer in the range of 10~20cm under soil.Out-of-flatness soil surface after earthing is crushed rolling by hack wheel 3, Seeding operation after being conducive to.
Rotary encoder 31 is connected with land wheel 29, and rotary encoder 31 gathers the rotary speed information of land wheel 29, by pulsing Into single-chip microcomputer 50, the collection seeds fall information of laser sensor 7, and single-chip microcomputer 50 is sent data to, single-chip microcomputer 50 is with this The foundation of the opening and closing of interval fertilizer mechanism 16 that data drive as control motor 27, i.e., by real-time control motor 27 Rotating, make interval fertilizer mechanism 16 be interrupted fertilizer:Single-chip microcomputer 50 controls the rotation of motor 27, and motor 27 passes through Shaft coupling 26 drives rotating shaft 24 to carry out interval rotating, and the interval of valve 23 is closed.External roller type fertilizer distributor 11 when valve 23 is closed The accumulation in defertilizing tube 25 of the fertilizer of discharge, when valve 23 is opened, fertilizer falls, and discharges from fertilizer outlet, completes once interval and arranges Fertile process.Because feed mechanism for seed 8 is indirectly connected to land wheel 29 by chain, axle etc., therefore there is synchronicity mechanically.Rotation The rotating speed of the axle of the detection land wheel 29 of encoder 31, can obtain the rotating speed of feed mechanism for seed 8 indirectly, and by the rotating speed stepping is controlled The rotation of motor 27 is reaching the purpose of seed manure para-position.
The step angle of motor 27 is set as C °, the maximum folding angle of valve 23 is α °, stepping electricity when valve 23 is opened To rotate forward, the diameter D (mm) of land wheel 29, line number S of rotary encoder 31 (mm), Semen Maydiss pearl spacing T (mm), fertilizer is distributed in kind to machine 27 In the range of sub- downward vertical projection φ D2 (mm), encoder pulse equivalent computing formula can be passed through:P is pulse equivalency, Extrapolate single-chip microcomputer 50 to receiveSend after individual pulseIndividual positive pulse is rotated forward to motor 27, motor 27, Valve 23 is opened, and single-chip microcomputer 50 continues to pulse, when continuing to receiveSend after individual pulseIndividual negative pulse is to motor 27, motor 27 is inverted, and valve 23 is closed, and completes a fertilizer process.
Double disk opener 4 outputs the kind ditch of 5cm or so depth directly over the dressing furrow of the rolling of hack wheel 3 before.Kind Son is stored in kind of case 9, and Jing feed mechanism for seeds 8 are entered in kind of ditch by grain, and seed falls into bottom of trench, and sowing covering device 5 carries out earthing operation, Kind of a ditch is filled and led up.Press wheel 6 carries out suppression operation, by the soil compression on seed top layer, is conducive to the germination of corn seed.
Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder controls to be arranged on applicator boot 1 by the travel speed of measurement equipment Defertilizing tube 25 motor 27 drive interval fertilizer mechanism 16, fertilizer is discontinuously discharged, boring and caving.By to seeding The Rotating speed measring of the axle of device 8 reaches the synchronicity with feed mechanism for seed 8 correcting interval fertilizer mechanism 16, makes seed and the same cave of fertilizer.
A kind of method that use Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder carries out Precision Seeding, comprises the steps:
A. applicator boot 1 buries the depth of 25cm or so, outputs dressing furrow, and fertilizer is stored in fertilizer box 12, fertilizer Jing Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus 11, corrugated tube 49 are flowed in interval fertilizer mechanism 16, and interval fertilizer mechanism 16 is interrupted continuous fertilizer stream Soil is entered, fertilising casing mechanism 2 carries out lasting earthing operation, fertilizer is clamped by soil rapidly, will not fall dressing furrow Out-of-flatness soil surface after earthing is crushed rolling, the seeding operation after being conducive to by bottom of trench, hack wheel 3;
B. rotary encoder 31 is connected with land wheel 29, and rotary encoder 31 gathers the rotary speed information of land wheel 29, and pulse is sent out In delivering to single-chip microcomputer 50, the collection seeds fall information of laser sensor 7 and sends data to single-chip microcomputer 50, single-chip microcomputer 50 with The seeds fall information of the collection of laser sensor 7 and the rotary speed information of the collection of rotary encoder 31 drive as control motor 27 The foundation of the dynamic opening and closing of interval fertilizer mechanism 16, i.e., by the rotating of real-time control motor 27, make interval fertilizer mechanism 16 interruption fertilizers, set the step angle of motor 27 as C °, and the maximum folding angle of valve 23 is α °, stepping when valve 23 is opened Motor 27 is to rotate forward, the diameter D (mm) of land wheel 29, line number S of rotary encoder 31 (mm), Semen Maydiss pearl spacing T (mm), and fertilizer is distributed in Seed downward vertical projects φ D2(mm) in the range of, encoder pulse equivalent computing formula can be passed through:P is that pulse is worked as Amount, extrapolates single-chip microcomputer 50 and receivesSend after individual pulse, to motor 27, motor 27 is just for individual positive pulse Turn, valve 23 is opened, and single-chip microcomputer 50 continues to pulse, when continuing to receiveSend after individual pulseIndividual negative pulse gives stepping electricity Machine 27, motor 27 is inverted, and valve 23 is closed, and completes a fertilizer process;C. double disk opener 4 is after step a The kind ditch of 5cm or so depth is outputed directly over the dressing furrow of the rolling of hack wheel 3, seed storage in kind of case 9, Jing feed mechanism for seeds 8 by Grain is entered in kind of ditch, and seed falls into bottom of trench, and sowing covering device 5 carries out earthing operation, and kind of a ditch is filled and led up, and press wheel 6 is suppressed Operation, by the soil compression on seed top layer, is conducive to the germination of corn seed;
D. detect that feed mechanism for seed 8 discharges the information of seed correcting interval fertilizer mechanism 16 by laser sensor 7, reach with The synchronicity of feed mechanism for seed 8, makes seed and the same cave of fertilizer.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder, including Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer (36), land wheel (29), trifilar suspension (34) and frame, multiple cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers (36) are on the crossbeam (37) of frame;
Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer (36) include sowing main bracing frame (45), four bar feeler mechanisms (10), fertilising main body Fagging (43), press wheel (6) and bunch planting monomer;Sowing main bracing frame (45), four bar feeler mechanisms (10), fertilising body supports Plate (43) is by rear to front sequence connection;
Bunch planting monomer includes double disk opener (4), sowing covering device (5), feed mechanism for seed (8) and plants case (9), and the bunch planting monomer is pacified It is mounted in sowing main bracing frame (45);
It is characterized in that:
Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomer (36) also include cave-applied fertilizer monomer and SCM Based control system;
Cave-applied fertilizer monomer, including front shoe (41), applicator boot (1), fertilising casing mechanism (2), hack wheel (3), water jacket Wheel fertilizer apparatus (11), fertilizer box (12) and interval fertilizer mechanism (16);
Front shoe (41) rear side is connected in fertilising body supports plate (43) by front shoe bolt group (47), front shoe (41) the affixed rectangular tube (38) in front side, each affixed square tube (39) in rectangular tube (38) both sides, square tube (39) by floor (40) with it is front Fixed plate (41) is affixed;
Applicator boot (1) inserts in rectangular tube (38) and is fixed in rectangular tube (38) lower end;
Deep fertilizer spraying casing mechanism (2), including wave disc fixed seat (17), adjustable support (18), wave disc bolt group (19), axle Hold (20), ring flange (21) and wave disc (22);
Wave disc fixed seat (17) is affixed with square tube (39), and adjustable support (18) is with wave disc fixed seat (17) by " u "-shaped Bolt is connected, and from the inside to surface order is fixed by ring flange (21), bearing (20) and wave disc bolt group (19) for wave disc (22) On adjustable support (18);
Fertilizer apparatus support (48) is fixed in fertilising body supports plate (43), and fertilizer box (12) is on fertilizer apparatus support (48) End, outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus (11) is installed in fertilizer box (12) lower section;
Interval fertilizer mechanism (16) including valve (23), rotating shaft (24), defertilizing tube (25), shaft coupling (26), motor (27), Motor support (28) and layer by layer manuring device (52);
Defertilizing tube (25) is fixed in layer by layer manuring device (52) upper end, and connects with layer by layer manuring device (52);Defertilizing tube (25) and fertilizer Case (12) is connected by corrugated tube (49), and the front side of layer by layer manuring device (52) is affixed with the rear side of deep-fertilizing furrow opener (1);Stepping Motor (27) is by motor support (28) on defertilizing tube (25);The upper end of valve (23) is provided with " u "-shaped groove, rotating shaft (24) fix in the " u "-shaped groove of valve (23) upper end, valve (23) is arranged in defertilizing tube (25), and motor (27) passes through Shaft coupling (26) is connected with rotating shaft (24);
Hack wheel (3) on hack wheel support (46) by being arranged in fertilising body supports plate (43), and positioned at defertilizing tube (25) Rear;
SCM Based control system, including rotary encoder (31), laser sensor (7) and single-chip microcomputer (50);Wherein, revolve Turn encoder (31) to be arranged at the rotating shaft of land wheel (29), laser sensor (7) installed in feed mechanism for seed (8) sowing port, it is single Piece machine (50) is connected with motor (27), and rotary encoder (31) and laser sensor (7) pass through respectively with single-chip microcomputer (50) Circuit connects;
Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft (33) is through the external roller type fertilizer distributor on multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers (36) (11)。
2. Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Adjustable support (18) bottom is parallel from front to back to be provided with multiple holes, and wave disc (22) is by installed in adjustable support (18) one in multiple holes adjusts its front and back position.
3. Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
A diameter of 500mm of wave disc (22), the thickness of wave disc (22) is 2.5mm.
4. Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Fertilising body supports plate (43) is provided with hole, and hack wheel support (46) upper end is provided with hole, and apply fertilizer body supports plate (43) The hole of hole and hack wheel support (46) is with respect to position, fertilising main body of the final drive shaft (35) through multiple Semen Maydiss cave-applied fertilizer bunch planting monomers The hole of gripper shoe (43) and the hole of hack wheel support (46);
Final drive shaft (35) and outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus drive shaft (33) are connected by the 5th chain group (32);
The axle and final drive shaft (35) of land wheel (29) is connected by the 4th chain group (30);
Final drive shaft (35) and positioned at fertilising body supports plate (43) rear portion first rotating shaft (53) by the first chain group (13) connect;
Connected by the 3rd chain group (15) positioned at anterior the second rotating shaft (54) and feed mechanism for seed (8) for sowing main bracing frame (45) Connect;
Second rotating shaft (54) and feed mechanism for seed (8) are connected by the second chain group (14).
5. a kind of method that Semen Maydiss normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder using as described in one of claim 1-4 carries out Precision Seeding, its It is characterised by:
Comprise the steps:
A. applicator boot (1) buries the depth of 25cm or so, outputs dressing furrow, and fertilizer is stored in fertilizer box (12), fertilizer Jing Outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus (11), corrugated tube (49) are flowed in interval fertilizer mechanism (16), and interval fertilizer mechanism (16) will continuous fertilizer Stream interruption enters soil, and fertilising casing mechanism (2) carries out lasting earthing operation, fertilizer is clamped by soil rapidly, will not Dressing furrow bottom of trench is fallen, the out-of-flatness soil surface after earthing is crushed rolling by hack wheel (3);
B. rotary encoder (31) is connected with land wheel (29), the rotary speed information of rotary encoder (31) collection land wheel (29), by arteries and veins Punching is sent to single-chip microcomputer (50);Laser sensor (7) gathers seeds fall information, and sends data to single-chip microcomputer (50);It is single The rotary speed information that the seeds fall information and rotary encoder (31) that piece machine (50) is gathered using laser sensor (7) is gathered is used as control The foundation of interval fertilizer mechanism (16) opening and closing that motor (27) processed drives, i.e., by real-time control motor (27) just Reversion, makes interval fertilizer mechanism (16) be interrupted fertilizer, sets motor (27) step angle as C °, the maximum folding of valve (23) Angle is α °, and motor (27) is to rotate forward during valve (23) opening, land wheel (29) diameter D, rotary encoder (31) line number S, Semen Maydiss pearl spacing T, fertilizer is distributed in seed downward vertical projection φ D2In the range of, by encoder pulse equivalent computing formula:P is pulse equivalency, extrapolates single-chip microcomputer (50) and receivesSend after individual pulseIndividual positive pulse gives stepping electricity Machine (27), motor (27) is rotated forward, and valve (23) is opened, and single-chip microcomputer (50) continues to pulse, when continuing to receiveIndividual arteries and veins Send after punchingIndividual negative pulse closes to motor (27), motor (27) reversion, valve (23), completes a fertilizer mistake Journey;
C. 5cm or so depth is outputed directly over the dressing furrow of hack wheel (3) rolling of the double disk opener (4) after step a Ditch is planted, in kind of a case (9), Jing feed mechanism for seeds (8) are entered in kind of ditch seed storage by grain, seed falls into kind of a ditch bottom of trench, sow earthing Device (5) carries out earthing operation, and kind of a ditch is filled and led up, and press wheel (6) carries out suppression operation, by the soil compression on seed top layer, favorably In the germination of corn seed;
D. single-chip microcomputer (50) corrects interval fertilizer machine by the information of laser sensor (7) detection feed mechanism for seed (8) discharge seed Structure (16), reaches the synchronicity with feed mechanism for seed (8), makes seed and the same cave of fertilizer.
CN201611199767.7A 2016-12-22 2016-12-22 A kind of corn normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder and its Precision Seeding method Expired - Fee Related CN106612828B (en)

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CN107135719A (en) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-08 河北农业大学 A kind of band suede cotton precision seeder
CN107926218A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-20 安徽农业大学 A kind of automatically controlled essence amount corn cave-applied fertilizer machine
CN108307754A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-24 北京农业信息技术研究中心 A kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine
CN109247089A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-01-22 山东国丰机械有限公司 One seedling band arranges multifunctional corn seeder
CN109566014A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-05 中国农业大学 A kind of seed manure synchronization mapping maize no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine
CN110278727A (en) * 2019-07-08 2019-09-27 上海电机学院 A kind of grooved pulley type seeder based on photoelectric sensor system
CN110326400A (en) * 2019-07-12 2019-10-15 中国农业大学 A kind of corn cave-applied fertilizer no-tillage seeding machine
CN112020951A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 四川航天职业技术学院(四川航天高级技工学校) Corn direct sowing unmanned aerial vehicle
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107135719A (en) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-08 河北农业大学 A kind of band suede cotton precision seeder
CN107926218A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-04-20 安徽农业大学 A kind of automatically controlled essence amount corn cave-applied fertilizer machine
CN108307754A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-24 北京农业信息技术研究中心 A kind of quantificationally fertilizing machine
CN109247089A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-01-22 山东国丰机械有限公司 One seedling band arranges multifunctional corn seeder
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CN112020951A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 四川航天职业技术学院(四川航天高级技工学校) Corn direct sowing unmanned aerial vehicle
CN113141820A (en) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-23 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 Fertilizing and seeding integrated device

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