CN202697217U - Seeder based on automatic control system - Google Patents

Seeder based on automatic control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202697217U
CN202697217U CN 201220422057 CN201220422057U CN202697217U CN 202697217 U CN202697217 U CN 202697217U CN 201220422057 CN201220422057 CN 201220422057 CN 201220422057 U CN201220422057 U CN 201220422057U CN 202697217 U CN202697217 U CN 202697217U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
seeding unit
drive motors
automatic control
control system
box
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Withdrawn - After Issue
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CN 201220422057
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沈中山
邵忠喜
胡金星
饶俊
史华
富宏亚
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HEILONGJIANG PROV HAILUNWANG AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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HEILONGJIANG PROV HAILUNWANG AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co Ltd
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Priority to CN 201220422057 priority Critical patent/CN202697217U/en
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Publication of CN202697217U publication Critical patent/CN202697217U/en
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Abstract

The utility model provides a seeder based on an automatic control system, relates to high-precision seeder automatic control systems and solves the problem that a pure mechanical seeder can not detect seeding situations timely or change seeding row spaces and fertilizing amount flexibly in real time in the process of seeding. A seed-metering device drive motor power output shaft is connected with a seed-metering device power input shaft in concentric mode, a photoelectricity code disc measuring hole is connected with a land wheel rotating shaft in concentric mode, a fertilizer distributing box drive motor power output shaft is connected with a fertilizer distributing box power input port in concentric mode, and a seed monitoring sensor is arranged at a port of the seed-metering device. A photoelectricity code disc revolving speed signal output end is connected with a controller revolving speed signal input end, and a counting signal output end of the seed monitoring sensor is connected with a counting signal input end of the of the controller. A seed-metering device drive signal output end of the controller is connected with a drive signal input end of a seed-metering device drive motor, and a fertilizer distributing box drive signal output end of the controller is connected with a drive signal input end of a fertilizer distributing box drive motor. The seeder based on the automatic control system is suitable for being used in various mechanical seeders.

Description

Sower based on automatic control system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of high-precision sower, is specifically related to the sower of the automatic control system of dual core embedded system formation.
Background technology
Sower has been realized Mechanization sowing at home substantially, and Mechanization sowing has very great help to promoting sowing efficient.But the degree of flexibility of pure Mechanization sowing machine is low, can not accurately reflect current sowing situation, can't assess overall sowing situation, also can't change flexibly sowing spacing in the rows and defertilizing amount.Present domestic sower all is pure mechanization structure, does not possess the seeding detection performance, can only predict very inconvenient also inaccuracy according to the statistical data that producer provides for the sowing situation.When needing change sowing spacing in the rows and defertilizing amount, can only realize inefficiency and very inconvenient by manually changing speed-changing chain.Although external import sower possesses the seeding detection function, still need manually to change speed-changing chain and realize speed change, flexibility is not enough.
The utility model content
The utility model can't detect the sowing situation in order to solve pure mechanical planting machine in real time in seeding process, can't change flexibly the problem of sowing spacing in the rows and defertilizing amount, and propose a kind of sower based on automatic control system.
The utility model comprises frame, fertile case, a N mamoty, N sowing unit and land wheel based on the sower of automatic control system; The frame top is provided with fertile case, fertile case comprises fertilizer preserving case and N defertilizing box, be provided with a defertilizing box on the defertilizing opening of fertilizer preserving case bottom, playing mamoty, defertilizing box and sowing unit all is set in turn on the direction of motion of frame, the direction of advance facility of frame has N to play mamoty, the opposite direction facility that retreats of frame has N sowing unit, and described sowing unit comprises Seeding box and seeding unit; Sower based on automatic control system also comprises seeding unit drive motors, photoelectric code disk, defertilizing box drive motors, seed monitoring sensor and controller, the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors is connected with the seeding unit power input shaft is coaxial, the measured hole of photoelectric code disk is connected with the rotating shaft of land wheel is coaxial, the power take-off of defertilizing box drive motors and coaxial connection of defertilizing box power input port, the seed monitoring sensor is arranged on the exit of seeding unit; The tach signal output of photoelectric code disk is connected with the tach signal input of controller, and the count signal output of seed monitoring sensor is connected with the count signal input of controller; The seeding unit of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of seeding unit drive motors, and the defertilizing box of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of defertilizing box drive motors.
It is support wheel on the sower that the utility model utilizes the photoelectric code disk of carry on the seeder ground wheel axle to calculate sower walking mileage and gait of march land wheel, in traditional pure Mechanization sowing machine, land wheel is being born the power transmission function of sowing speed change system.In the utility model, because adopt complete electrified equipment, variable ratio drive system is replaced by motor-driven, land wheel is not being born the power output function, only play the effect of supporting the sower body, because it is more abundant that its walking in furrow, contacts with soil, pressure is larger, the situation of skidding is relatively little, so photoelectric code disk is installed in above the land axle, and cooperates certain speed increasing ratio, improve ground wheel speed accuracy of detection.The utility model utilizes stepper motor to drive fertilizer apparatus and seeding unit, and stepper motor possesses low price, stability, long-life advantage.The high torque characteristics of its slow-speed of revolution can the perfect driving work of being competent at fertilizer apparatus and seeding unit.Dispose when higher, can select servomotor.Motor direct-drive fertilizer apparatus and seeding unit also can be by type of belt drive such as power transmission shaft indirect drive fertilizer apparatus and seeding units.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the Summer-sowing machine structural representations based on automatic control system of the present utility model, less than defertilizing box 22, the quantity that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors 6 equals seeding unit 42 and defertilizing box drive motors 8 among Fig. 2 equals defertilizing box 22 to the quantity of seeding unit drive motors 6 less than the quantity of seeding unit 42 and defertilizing box drive motors 8 among Fig. 1; Fig. 3 be of the present utility model based on automatic control system spring sower front view; Fig. 4 be of the present utility model based on automatic control system spring sower rearview; Fig. 5 is that photoelectric code disk 7 is installed on the structural representation on the land wheel 5; Fig. 6 is the structural representation of photoelectric code disk 7; Fig. 7 is the structural representation that monitoring sensor 9 is connected with seeding unit 42; Fig. 8 is the structural representation of monitoring sensor 9; Fig. 9 and Figure 10 are the structural representations of embodiment six, and Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram that power output sprocket, power input sprocket are connected with chain, and Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that output bevel gear roller box, input bevel gear box are connected with Cardan shaft; Figure 11 is the structural representation of embodiment eight.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Figure 10 present embodiment is described, present embodiment comprises frame 1, fertile case 2, a N mamoty 3, N sowing unit and land wheel 5; Frame 1 top is provided with fertile case 2, fertile case 2 comprises fertilizer preserving case 21 and N defertilizing box 22, be provided with a defertilizing box 22 on the defertilizing opening of fertilizer preserving case 21 bottoms, playing mamoty 3, defertilizing box 22 and sowing unit all is set in turn on the direction of motion of frame 1, the direction of advance facility of frame 1 has N to play mamoty 3, the opposite direction facility that retreats of frame 1 has N sowing unit, and described sowing unit comprises Seeding box 41 and seeding unit 42; Also comprise seeding unit drive motors 6, photoelectric code disk 7, defertilizing box drive motors 8, seed monitoring sensor 9 and controller, the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors 6 and coaxial connection of seeding unit 42 power input shafts, the measured hole of photoelectric code disk 7 is connected with the rotating shaft of land wheel 5 is coaxial, the power input port is coaxial is connected for the power take-off of defertilizing box drive motors 8 and defertilizing box 22, and seed monitoring sensor 9 is arranged on the exit of seeding unit 42; The tach signal output of photoelectric code disk 7 is connected with the tach signal input of controller, and the count signal output of seed monitoring sensor 9 is connected with the count signal input of controller; The seeding unit of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of seeding unit drive motors 6, and the defertilizing box of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of defertilizing box drive motors 8.
Wherein, controller comprises on-site programmable gate array FPGA and arm processor; On-site programmable gate array FPGA is used for collecting sensor signal, and passes to arm processor information by parallel bus; Arm processor is used for computing and task scheduling work and sends the driving signal, and two processors are finished control task by parallel bus communication;
Embodiment two: in conjunction with Fig. 6 present embodiment is described, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that photoelectric code disk 7 comprises shell 71, gear wheel 72, pinion 73, photoelectric encoder 74 and two rolling ball bearings 75; Shell 71 is fastened by two parts and forms, every part all has a big hole and a small sircle hole, on the axis hole of gear wheel 72 bearing block is installed, described two rolling ball bearings 75 are installed in respectively on the bearing block of gear wheel 72 both sides, two big holes of shell 71 are passed respectively at the two ends of bearing block, gear wheel 72 and pinion 73 interlocks, the signals collecting axle of photoelectric encoder 74 pass another small sircle hole and 73 coaxial connections of pinion that the axis hole of a small sircle hole, the pinion 73 of shell 71 is connected with shell successively.Photoelectric code disk 7 is used for measuring the ground wheel speed, improves ground wheel speed accuracy of detection, thereby calculates sower walking mileage and gait of march; Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 8, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that seed monitoring sensor 9 comprises sensor housing 91 and photoelectric counter 92, the wall of sensor housing 91 is light-proof material, the outlet of the upper end open of sensor housing 91 and seeding unit 42 closely cooperates, and photoelectric counter 92 embeds the enclosure interior at sensor housing 91.Seed monitoring sensor 9 is for detection of the record number seeds, seed monitoring sensor 9 is photoelectricity opaque materials body detecting sensor, no matter soybean or corn seed are opaque article, and this just provides possibility for the opaque article photoelectric testing sensor detects number seeds; Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment four: in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that the quantity of photoelectric code disk 7 is less than or equal to the quantity of land wheel 5.Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors 6 equals the quantity of seeding unit 42, seeding unit drive motors 6 is installed on the seeding unit 42, and the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors 6 directly is connected with seeding unit 42 power input shafts.Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 9 and Figure 10, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors 6 is less than the quantity of seeding unit 42, seeding unit drive motors 6 is installed on the frame 1, be installed with the power output sprocket identical with the quantity of seeding unit 42 on the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors 6, the power input shaft of each seeding unit 42 all fixedly mounts dynamic input sprocket, adopts chain to be connected between power output sprocket and the power input sprocket.Perhaps, be installed with the power output bevel gear roller box identical with the quantity of seeding unit 42 on the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors 6, the power input shaft of each seeding unit 42 all fixedly mounts dynamic input bevel gear box, and power output bevel gear roller box is inputted with power and adopted Cardan shaft to be connected between the bevel gear box.Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 2, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that the quantity of defertilizing box drive motors 8 equals the quantity of defertilizing box 22, defertilizing box drive motors 8 is installed on the defertilizing box 22, and the power input port is coaxial is connected for the power take-off of each defertilizing box drive motors 8 and each defertilizing box 22.Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Figure 10, present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are that the quantity of defertilizing box drive motors 8 is less than the quantity of defertilizing box 22, defertilizing box drive motors 8 is installed on the frame 1, and the power take-off of defertilizing box drive motors 8 is the coaxial power input port of passing plural seeding unit 42 successively.Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment and above-mentioned embodiment difference are also to comprise joystick, handle comprises supervisory keyboard and liquid crystal display, supervisory keyboard and liquid crystal display are installed on the joystick, the signal output part of supervisory keyboard is connected with the signal input part of controller, and the display input of liquid crystal display is connected with the display output of controller; Joystick adopts universal serial bus to be connected with controller, and its human-computer interaction interface is positioned on the joystick, and supervisory keyboard is used for control information is sent to controller; Liquid crystal display is used for showing the control information of input and the output information of controller; Other composition is identical with above-mentioned embodiment with connected mode.
The utility model content is not limited only to the content of the respective embodiments described above, and the combination of one of them or several embodiments equally also can realize the purpose of utility model.
Before seeding operation begins, by manually sowing spacing in the rows, defertilizing amount, seed category information to the joystick input.After input information is confirmed, based on the sower startup of automatic control system.When tractor dragged sower and advances in the field, land wheel rotated, and the photoelectric code disk 7 that is installed in the land axle place sends tach signal.The FPGA field programmable gate array that tach signal imports in the controller is done preliminary treatment, importing the arm processor processing into by bus after finishing dealing with is converted into the sower gait of march and advances mileage, the information that conversion is finished is imported the FPGA field programmable gate array into, the FPGA field programmable gate array sends according to this information and drives signal to sowing motor and fertilizer motor, controls that it is servo-actuated.The seed monitoring sensor 9 that is installed in the seeding unit position records the sowing number simultaneously.Count signal is also imported in the FPGA field programmable gate array to be processed, and the signal after same the processing imports in the arm processor.Sensor signal after the processing is converted into the sowing number in arm processor, after converting with advance mileage and sowing spacing in the rows, draw planting rates.Gained planting rates and standard planting rates relatively after, draw current sowing state, and with this feedback of status to the FPGA field programmable gate array, the FPGA field programmable gate array is according to the mode of operation of current state control liquid crystal display.

Claims (10)

1. based on the sower of automatic control system, it comprises frame (1), fertile case (2), a N mamoty (3), N sowing unit and land wheel (5); Frame (1) top is provided with fertile case (2), fertile case (2) comprises fertilizer preserving case (21) and N defertilizing box (22), be provided with a defertilizing box (22) on the defertilizing opening of fertilizer preserving case (21) bottom, play mamoty (3), defertilizing box (22) and sowing unit all are set in turn on the direction of motion of frame (1), the direction of advance facility of frame (1) has N to play mamoty (3), the opposite direction facility that retreats of frame (1) has N sowing unit, and described sowing unit comprises Seeding box (41) and seeding unit (42); It is characterized in that it also comprises seeding unit drive motors (6), photoelectric code disk (7), defertilizing box drive motors (8), seed monitoring sensor (9) and controller, the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors (6) and seeding unit (42) the coaxial connection of power input shaft, the coaxial connection of rotating shaft of the measured hole of photoelectric code disk (7) and land wheel (5), the power take-off of defertilizing box drive motors (8) and defertilizing box (22) the coaxial connection of power input port, seed monitoring sensor (9) is arranged on the exit of seeding unit (42); The tach signal output of photoelectric code disk (7) is connected with the tach signal input of controller, and the count signal output of seed monitoring sensor (9) is connected with the count signal input of controller; The seeding unit of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of seeding unit drive motors (6), and the defertilizing box of controller drives signal output part and is connected with the driving signal input of defertilizing box drive motors (8).
2. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that photoelectric code disk (7) comprises shell (71), gear wheel (72), pinion (73), photoelectric encoder (74) and two rolling ball bearings (75); Shell (71) is fastened by two parts and forms, every part all has a big hole and a small sircle hole, on the axis hole of gear wheel (72) bearing block is installed, described two rolling ball bearings (75) are installed in respectively on the bearing block of gear wheel (72) both sides, two big holes of shell (71) are passed respectively at the two ends of bearing block, gear wheel (72) and pinion (73) interlock, the signals collecting axle of photoelectric encoder (74) passes a small sircle hole of shell (71) successively, the axis hole of pinion (73) is connected 71 with shell) another small sircle hole and coaxial connection of pinion (73).
3. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that seed monitoring sensor (9) comprises sensor housing (91) and photoelectric counter (92), the wall of sensor housing (91) is light-proof material, the outlet of the upper end open of sensor housing (91) and seeding unit (42) closely cooperates, and photoelectric counter (92) embeds the enclosure interior in sensor housing (91).
4. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors (6) equals the quantity of seeding unit (42), seeding unit drive motors (6) is installed on the seeding unit (42), and the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors (6) directly is connected with seeding unit (42) power input shaft.
5. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors (6) is less than the quantity of seeding unit (42), seeding unit drive motors (6) is installed on the frame (1), be installed with the power output sprocket identical with the quantity of seeding unit (42) on the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors (6), the power input shaft of each seeding unit (42) all fixedly mounts dynamic input sprocket, adopts chain to be connected between power output sprocket and the power input sprocket.
6. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the quantity of seeding unit drive motors (6) is less than the quantity of seeding unit (42), seeding unit drive motors (6) is installed on the frame (1), be installed with the power output bevel gear roller box identical with the quantity of seeding unit (42) on the power take-off of seeding unit drive motors (6), the power input shaft of each seeding unit (42) all fixedly mounts dynamic input bevel gear box, and power output bevel gear roller box is inputted with power and adopted Cardan shaft to be connected between the bevel gear box.
7. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the quantity of defertilizing box drive motors (8) equals the quantity of defertilizing box (22), defertilizing box drive motors (8) is installed on the defertilizing box (22), the power take-off of each defertilizing box drive motors (8) and each defertilizing box (22) coaxial connection of power input port.
8. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the quantity of defertilizing box drive motors (8) is less than the quantity of defertilizing box (22), defertilizing box drive motors (8) is installed on the frame (1), and the power take-off of defertilizing box drive motors (8) is the coaxial power input port of passing plural seeding unit (42) successively.
9. according to claim 4,5,6,7 or 8 described sowers based on automatic control system, it is characterized in that the quantity of photoelectric code disk (7) is less than or equal to the quantity of land wheel (5).
10. the sower based on automatic control system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that it also comprises joystick, handle comprises supervisory keyboard and liquid crystal display, supervisory keyboard and liquid crystal display are installed on the joystick, the signal output part of supervisory keyboard is connected with the signal input part of controller, and the display input of liquid crystal display is connected with the display output of controller.
CN 201220422057 2012-08-23 2012-08-23 Seeder based on automatic control system Withdrawn - After Issue CN202697217U (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771226A (en) * 2012-08-23 2012-11-14 黑龙江省海轮王农机制造有限公司 Sowing machine based on automatic control system
CN103749045A (en) * 2014-02-18 2014-04-30 福州大学 Opto-electro-mechanical seeding machine
TWI501721B (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-10-01 Univ Nan Kai Technology Planter structure
CN106612828A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-10 中国农业大学 Corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine and fine seeding method thereof
CN107306544A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-03 山东农业大学 Hand rice nonirrigated farmland seed-sowing machine
CN110809951A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-21 华中农业大学 Full-hydraulic crawler-type unmanned rape direct seeder

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102771226A (en) * 2012-08-23 2012-11-14 黑龙江省海轮王农机制造有限公司 Sowing machine based on automatic control system
CN102771226B (en) * 2012-08-23 2014-10-22 黑龙江省海轮王农机制造有限公司 Sowing machine based on automatic control system
TWI501721B (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-10-01 Univ Nan Kai Technology Planter structure
CN103749045A (en) * 2014-02-18 2014-04-30 福州大学 Opto-electro-mechanical seeding machine
CN106612828A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-10 中国农业大学 Corn eutopic hole deep fertilizing fine seeding machine and fine seeding method thereof
CN106612828B (en) * 2016-12-22 2019-01-22 中国农业大学 A kind of corn normotopia cave deep fertilizer spraying precision seeder and its Precision Seeding method
CN107306544A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-11-03 山东农业大学 Hand rice nonirrigated farmland seed-sowing machine
CN110809951A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-02-21 华中农业大学 Full-hydraulic crawler-type unmanned rape direct seeder
CN110809951B (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-11-03 华中农业大学 Full-hydraulic crawler-type unmanned rape direct seeder

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