CN106612826B

CN106612826B - Ditching fertilizer distributor

Info

Publication number: CN106612826B
Application number: CN201710067995.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜春林
Original assignee: Zhuhai Qiaoli Forestry Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhuhai Qiaoli Forestry Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-02-07
Filing date: 2017-02-07
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-02-07
Also published as: CN106612826A

Abstract

The invention discloses a ditching and fertilizing machine, which comprises a chassis, a frame arranged on the chassis, a soil digging device, a cutting and ditching device, a lifting device and a fertilizing mechanism, wherein the soil digging device, the cutting and ditching device, the lifting device and the fertilizing mechanism are arranged on the frame, the chassis is provided with an engine and a chassis running device, the soil digging device comprises a first chain and a soil digging shovel arranged on the outer circle of the first chain, the cutting and ditching device is arranged on the rear side of the soil digging device, two saw chains which are parallel to each other and have a certain distance are arranged on the cutting and ditching device, the soil digging device is fixedly connected with the cutting and ditching device through a connecting and fixing plate, the lifting device can synchronously drive the connecting and fixing plate to lift up and down along a guide post fixed on the frame, and the fertilizing mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame. The cutting ditching device, the soil digging device and the fertilizing mechanism cooperatively work during working, so that one-time virtuous cycle of ditching, fertilizing and soil covering can be realized, and the working efficiency is greatly improved due to the adoption of mechanized operation.

Description

Ditching fertilizer distributor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of landscaping and fruit tree fertilizing equipment, in particular to a ditching and fertilizing machine.

Background

Most of the orchards with 1400 tens of thousands of hectares in the whole country are mountain lands and hilly lands, the spacing between fruit trees is between 1 and 3 meters according to the different varieties and sizes of the trees, the root systems of the fruit trees in the forests are mutually crossed and are staggered, stones are difficult to clean when the fruit trees are planted due to geological reasons of the mountain lands and the hills, the mountain lands and the hilly lands are uneven, the soil conditions of vast farmlands are not provided at all, and so far, all fruit gardens can hardly enter any farmland fertilization machine and perform fertilization operation.

As known, the fruits are required to realize stable yield and high yield, each growth period is required to carry out fertilization operation for 1 to 3 times according to different varieties and fertilizer types, and ditch fertilization is adopted for more than 85% at present, namely: the method comprises the steps of ditching by using a traditional tool manually, fertilizing by hand and covering soil: according to the diameter of the tree crown, firstly, ditching around the trunk in a groined shape, and secondly, ditching and fertilizing operation by taking the trunk as the center in a radial manner; another more modern approach is pit application: drilling pits, spreading fertilizer and covering soil by using a ground drill; in either method, a large amount of manpower is required to be organized for fertilization operation, so that the production efficiency is low, the physical consumption is high, the production cost is high, the fertilization quality can be influenced along with the physical reduction in long-time operation, and scientific fertilization and reasonable fertilization are difficult to achieve.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a ditching and fertilizing machine which adopts full-automatic equipment to effectively improve the ditching and fertilizing working efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides a ditching fertilizer distributor, includes the chassis, installs frame on the chassis and installs the device that digs in the frame, cutting ditching device, elevating gear and fertilizer distributor, be equipped with engine and chassis running gear on the chassis, the device that digs includes first chain and installs the shovel that digs on first chain outer lane, the cutting ditching device locates the device rear side that digs, be equipped with two saw chains that are parallel to each other and have certain interval on the cutting ditching device, the device that digs is through connecting fixed plate fixed connection cutting ditching device, elevating gear can drive the guide post oscilaltion of connecting the fixed plate along fixing in the frame in step, fertilizer distributor locates the frame front end.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, fertilizer mechanism includes fertilizer case, tripper, fertilizer proportioning device and unloading groove, the fertilizer case is concave, unloading groove fixed connection is in on the chassis and be located fertilizer proportioning device bottom, fertilizer proportioning device locates fertilizer case bottom, the tripper is located fertilizer proportioning device top.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, fertilizer proportioning device is including installing bottom plate and the picture peg in the fertilizer case bottom, the bottom plate is opened there is a plurality of unloading holes, the picture peg sets up in the bottom plate top and relative bottom plate position is adjustable in order to cover some or whole unloading holes, a plurality of draw-in grooves that can supply the jump ring to fix a position have all been seted up to the picture peg both sides.

As an improvement of the technical scheme, the shovel comprises a bucket for containing soil and a plurality of bucket fingers arranged at the front end of the bucket, and the bucket fingers are arranged in parallel at intervals.

As an improvement of the technical scheme, the first chain is a double-row roller chain, support plates are fixed on two sides of the first chain, and the support plates are fixedly connected with the bucket.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, the excavating device includes out the soil flitch, go out the soil flitch slope setting in first chain front side for with the scraper bowl upset back soil material that drops guide to the chassis below fertilization ditch in.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, the device of cutting earth still includes skeleton and sprocket, the sprocket passes through on the sprocket shaft installation skeleton, the skeleton includes short side pipe, long side pipe and splint, and splint both ends are respectively through bolt and short side pipe, rectangular pipe fixed connection, square pipe arm is installed to the rectangular pipe, square pipe arm is established through the linear bearing cover on the guide post of frame.

As the improvement of above-mentioned technical scheme, cutting ditching device includes the body frame, installs at the inboard saw chain motor of body frame, installs the motor that digs in the body frame upper end, fixes the sprocket shaft in the body frame lower extreme through the bearing and installs two saw chain baffle at the body frame lower extreme through the connecting axle, saw chain motor is connected with the drive wheel, the drive wheel passes through V type belt and installs at the epaxial drive wheel of sprocket, saw chain erects at saw chain baffle outer lane, saw chain one end and centrifugal clutch sprocket meshing, two centrifugal clutch sprockets pass through needle bearing and install the both ends at the sprocket shaft, be equipped with vibration sensor on the connecting axle, the motor that digs is connected with the driving pulley.

As an improvement of the technical scheme, the driven belt pulley is arranged on the upper portion of the soil digging device, and the driving belt pulley can synchronously drive the driven belt pulley to rotate through a belt.

As an improvement of the technical scheme, the lifting device comprises a second chain, a driving sprocket and a driving sprocket, wherein the driving sprocket and the driving sprocket are arranged on the frame, the second chain is arranged between the driving sprocket and the driving sprocket, and the connecting fixing plate is fixedly connected with the second chain.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the ditching and fertilizing machine is provided with the ditching cutting device, the soil digging device and the fertilizing mechanism, and the ditching cutting device, the soil digging device and the fertilizing mechanism work cooperatively during working, so that one virtuous cycle of ditching, fertilizing and soil covering can be realized.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, in which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fertilizer apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a base plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an earth-moving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of a first chain in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a top view of a first chain in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a side view of a first chain in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a front view of an excavator embodying the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of an earth-moving shovel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a cutting and ditching device in an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a ditching and fertilizing machine includes a chassis 1, a frame 2 installed on the chassis 1, and a digging device 3, a cutting and ditching device 4, a lifting device 5 and a fertilizing mechanism 6 installed on the frame 2, wherein the chassis 1 is provided with an engine 11 and a chassis walking device 12, the chassis walking device 12 in this embodiment adopts a double-crawler wheel form, so as to walk under the complex mountain terrains, the digging device 3 includes a first chain 34 and a digging shovel 33 installed on the outer ring of the first chain 34, the cutting and ditching device 4 is arranged on the rear side of the digging device 3, two saw chains 41 which are parallel to each other and have a certain interval are arranged on the cutting and ditching device 4, the digging device 3 is fixedly connected with the cutting and ditching device 4 through a connection fixing plate 7, the lifting device 5 can synchronously drive the connection fixing plate 7 to lift along four guide posts 21 fixed on the frame 2, and the fertilizing mechanism 6 is arranged at the front end of the frame 2.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the fertilizing mechanism 6 includes a fertilizer box 61, a pusher 62, a fertilizer quantifying device 63 and a feeding trough 64, the fertilizer box 61 is concave, the feeding trough 64 is fixedly connected to the chassis 1 and is located at the bottom of the fertilizer quantifying device 63, the fertilizer quantifying device 63 is located at the bottom of the fertilizer box 61, the pusher 62 is located above the fertilizer quantifying device 63, the fertilizer quantifying device 63 includes a bottom plate 632 and a plugboard 631 which are installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box 61, the bottom plate 632 is provided with six rows of seventy eight feeding holes 633, the plugboard 631 is arranged above the bottom plate 632 and is adjustable in position relative to the bottom plate 632 to cover part or all of the feeding holes 633, two sides of the plugboard 631 are provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 635 for positioning the clamping springs 634, when determining the fertilizer amount, the plugboard 631 is pulled outwards, the number of the blocked feeding holes 631 is reduced, the number of the plugboard 631 is pushed inwards by a distance, the number of the blocked feeding holes 633 is increased, and the clamping springs 635 can be prevented from moving by means of the clamping grooves 635 by the self-positioning by means of the clamping grooves 635.

Referring further to fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8, fig. 9, fig. 10 and fig. 11, the soil pick 3 includes a frame 31 and a sprocket 32, the sprocket 32 is installed on the frame 31 through a sprocket shaft 321, the sprocket 32 is provided with three groups with the sprocket shaft 321 in this embodiment, the frame 31 includes a short square tube 311, a rectangular tube 312 and a clamping plate 313, two ends of the clamping plate 313 are respectively fixedly connected with the short square tube 311 and the rectangular tube 312 through bolts, a square tube arm 314 is installed on the rectangular tube 312, the square tube arm 314 is sleeved on a guide post 21 of the frame 2 through a linear bearing 315, the soil pick 33 includes a bucket 331 for containing soil materials and five bucket fingers 332 arranged at the front end of the bucket 331, the bucket fingers 332 are arranged in parallel at intervals, the number of the soil pick 33 is nineteen in this embodiment, the first chain 34 is a double-row roller chain, two sides of the first chain 34 are fixedly provided with a supporting plate 341 and the supporting plate 331 are fixedly connected through bolts, the soil pick 3 further includes a soil discharge plate 35, the soil discharge plate 35 is arranged on the side of the first chain 34 and is inclined to the front side of the first chain 33, and the soil pick 33 is inclined to the rear of the soil pick 1 and falls down to the soil carrier 33.

Referring to fig. 12, the cutting and ditching device 4 comprises a main frame 42, a saw chain motor 421 installed inside the main frame 42, a soil digging motor 425 installed at the upper end of the main frame 42, a chain wheel shaft 43 fixed at the lower end of the main frame 42 through a bearing, and two saw chain guide plates 45 installed at the lower end of the main frame 42 through a connecting shaft 44, wherein the saw chain motor 421 is connected with a driving wheel 422, the driving wheel 422 is connected with a driving wheel 424 installed on the chain wheel shaft 43 through a V-shaped belt 423, the saw chain 41 is erected on the outer ring of the saw chain guide plates 45, one end of the saw chain 41 is meshed with a centrifugal clutch sprocket 46, the two centrifugal clutch sprockets 46 are installed at two ends of the chain wheel shaft 43 through needle bearings, and the connecting shaft 44 is provided with a vibration sensor which transmits vibration generated by stones encountered during sawing to a processor, and the processor commands to stop, so that safety is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the lifting device 5 includes a second chain 51, a driving sprocket 52 and two driving sprockets 53 mounted on the frame 2, the second chain 51 is erected between the driving sprocket 53 and the driving sprocket 52, the connection fixing plate 7 is fixedly connected with the second chain 51, a driven pulley 36 is mounted on the upper portion of the soil-cutting device 3, a driving pulley 426 is connected to a soil-cutting motor on the upper portion of the soil-cutting device 4, and the driving pulley 426 can synchronously drive the driven pulley 36 to rotate through the belt 8, so that synchronous movement of the soil-cutting device 4 and the soil-cutting device 3 is realized.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the machine is in a working state, an operator firstly determines the fertilization amount according to different tree species, different tree ages and soil fertility, pulls the plugboards 631 to adjust the quantity of the blanking holes 633 after the fertilization amount is determined, pulls the plugboards 631 outwards to increase the blanking holes 633 after the blanking holes 633 are determined, pushes the blanking holes 633 inwards to decrease, then controls the machine to walk backwards, two saw chains 41 on the cutting ditching device 4 can cut soil and tree roots in the soil into strip-shaped soil ridges with the width of 20-25 cm after being lowered to a specified depth as required, a plurality of soil digging shovels 33 on the soil digging device 3 can continuously dig the strip-shaped soil ridges out of the ground and throw the strip-shaped soil ridges to the soil outlet plate 35 positioned in front of the first chain 34, and after the soil ridges are dug, the fertilizer falls into a groove through the blanking groove 64, and crushed soil entering the soil outlet plate 35 can automatically slide into the groove where the fertilizer is applied to cover the fertilizer, so that one cycle of ditching, fertilization and soil covering is realized.

When not in working state, the operator can lift the connecting and fixing plate 7, the soil digging device 3 and the cutting and ditching device 4 together by a certain height from the ground by using the lifting device 5.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is intended to be within the scope of the present invention as long as the technical effects of the present invention can be achieved by any same or similar means.

Claims

1. A ditching fertilizer distributor which characterized in that: comprises a chassis (1), a frame (2) arranged on the chassis (1) and a plurality of bucket fingers (332) arranged on the frame (2), wherein the bucket fingers (332) are arranged in parallel at intervals, the excavating device (3) comprises a soil outlet plate (35), the soil outlet plate (35) is obliquely arranged on the front side of the first chain (34) and used for guiding the soil falling down after the bucket (331) is overturned into a fertilization ditch below the chassis (1), the cutting device (4) is arranged on the rear side of the excavating device (3), the cutting device (4) comprises a bucket (331) for containing soil and a plurality of bucket fingers (332) arranged at the front end of the bucket (331), the bucket fingers (332) are arranged in parallel at intervals, the excavating device (3) comprises a soil outlet plate (35), the soil falling down after the bucket (331) is overturned is guided into the fertilization ditch below the chassis (1), the cutting device (4) is arranged on the rear side of the excavating device (3), the cutting device (4) is provided with a certain spacing and is connected with the cutting device (41) by the cutting device (41), the lifting device (5) can synchronously drive the connecting and fixing plate (7) to lift up and down along the guide post (21) fixed on the frame (2), and the fertilizing mechanism (6) is arranged at the front end of the frame (2).

2. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer mechanism (6) comprises a fertilizer box (61), a stirring device (62), a fertilizer quantifying device (63) and a discharging groove (64), wherein the fertilizer box (61) is concave, the discharging groove (64) is fixedly connected to the chassis (1) and located at the bottom of the fertilizer quantifying device (63), the fertilizer quantifying device (63) is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (61), and the stirring device (62) is arranged above the fertilizer quantifying device (63).

3. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 2, wherein: the fertilizer quantifying device (63) comprises a bottom plate (632) and a plugboard (631) which are arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box (61), wherein the bottom plate (632) is provided with a plurality of blanking holes (633), the plugboard (631) is arranged above the bottom plate (632) and can cover part or all of the blanking holes (633) in an adjustable position relative to the bottom plate (632), and two sides of the plugboard (631) are provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (635) for positioning the clamping springs (634).

4. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 1, wherein: the first chain (34) is a double-row roller chain, supporting plates (341) are fixed on two sides of the first chain (34), and the supporting plates (341) are fixedly connected with the bucket (331).

5. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 1, wherein: the excavator device (3) further comprises a framework (31) and a chain wheel (32), the chain wheel (32) is arranged on the framework (31) through a chain wheel shaft (321), the framework (31) comprises a short square tube (311), a rectangular tube (312) and clamping plates (313), two ends of each clamping plate (313) are fixedly connected with the short square tube (311) and the rectangular tube (312) through bolts respectively, square tube arms (314) are arranged on the rectangular tubes (312), and the square tube arms (314) are sleeved on guide posts (21) of the frame (2) through linear bearings (315).

6. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 1, wherein: the cutting ditching device (4) comprises a main frame (42), a saw chain motor (421) arranged on the inner side of the main frame (42), a soil digging motor (425) arranged on the upper end of the main frame (42), a chain wheel shaft (43) fixed on the lower end of the main frame (42) through a bearing, and two saw chain guide plates (45) arranged on the lower end of the main frame (42) through a connecting shaft (44), wherein the saw chain motor (421) is connected with a driving wheel (422), the driving wheel (422) is connected with a driving wheel (424) arranged on the chain wheel shaft (43) through a V-shaped belt (423), the saw chain (41) is erected on the outer ring of the saw chain guide plates (45), one end of the saw chain (41) is meshed with a centrifugal clutch chain wheel (46), the two centrifugal clutch chain wheels (46) are arranged on two ends of the chain wheel shaft (43) through needle bearings, a vibration sensor is arranged on the connecting shaft (44), and the soil digging motor (425) is connected with a driving belt wheel (426).

7. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 6, wherein: the upper part of the excavating device (3) is provided with a driven belt pulley (36), and the driving belt pulley (426) can synchronously drive the driven belt pulley (36) to rotate through a belt (8).

8. A ditching and fertilizing machine as in claim 1, wherein: the lifting device (5) comprises a second chain (51), and a driving sprocket (52) and a driving sprocket (53) which are arranged on the frame (2), wherein the second chain (51) is arranged between the driving sprocket (53) and the driving sprocket (52), and the connecting fixing plate (7) is fixedly connected with the second chain (51).