CN106612739A - Sweet potato seed processing method - Google Patents
Sweet potato seed processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106612739A CN106612739A CN201611182217.4A CN201611182217A CN106612739A CN 106612739 A CN106612739 A CN 106612739A CN 201611182217 A CN201611182217 A CN 201611182217A CN 106612739 A CN106612739 A CN 106612739A
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- potato
- sweet potato
- processing method
- potato seed
- seed processing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation and particularly relates to a sweet potato seed processing method. The sweet potato seed processing method can significantly improve the emergence rate, the disease resistance and the yield of sweet potatoes, enhance quality of sweet potatoes and promote development of sweet potato cultivation industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of sweet potato potato seed processing method.
Technical background
According to incompletely statistics, the whole world there are about the natural salt dirting soil gross area 1.0 × 109hm2, and Secondary salinization soil area reaches
2.75×109hm2, Jiangsu accounts for 1/4.With the continuous expansion of salinization soil area, salinity becomes impact land resource profit
Significant obstacle factor, seriously inhibits the performance of soil productivity, causes soil production efficiency low, governs agricultural
Development.
China is sweet potato producing country maximum in the world, and about 4,600,000 hectares of 2010 Annual planting areas account for world's growing surface
Long-pending 50%, annual production about 1.0 × 108Ton, accounts for the 75.3% of Gross World Product, is the important grain of China, feed and industry
Process raw material.Sweet potato is drought-enduring, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, barren-resistant, and yield is high, purposes is wide, strong adaptability, is important energy crop.China
Have a large population in a small area, under the pressure of grain security, developing Sweet Potato Industry can only be more using presence under the principle of " ground is not striven with grain "
The non-cultivated land resources of soil swelling-shrinkage.And sweet potato is a kind of stronger crop of salinity and alkalinity resistance, long-term plantation can play reduction soil
The effect of salt content, improved soil.Therefore, in Coastal Area, development Sweet Potato Industry holds out broad prospects.
Research shows that sweet potato still has certain yield under the conditions of beach salty soil, but poor between different land use patterns
It is different larger.In saline soil area, usually there is potato seed and does not emerge in sweet potato plantation, or situation withered quickly after emerging, and easily makes
It is short of seedling disconnected ridge into field, has a strong impact on yield.At present, potato seed treatment technology is widely applied in production, it for
Improve emergence rate, promote full stand and healthy seedling, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, raising yield to have certain effect.But, it is in Coastal beach area
Using there is also some problems, environmental requirement for example to external world is higher, for emergence rate, yield and quality etc. are acted on less
Substantially.
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, there is provided one kind can significantly improve Coastal beach area sweet potato emergence rate, disease resistance
The sweet potato potato seed processing method of energy and yield, the emergence rate and yield that can cause Coastal beach area sweet potato is substantially carried
Height, generates significant economic benefit.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can significantly improve emergence rate, disease resistance
The sweet potato potato seed processing method of energy and yield.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of sweet potato potato seed processing method, comprises the following steps：
(1) the sweet potato potato wedges infected without disease pest after vernalization is selected, is prior to seeding uniformly sprayed 3% hydrogen peroxide with sprayer
It is sprinkled upon in potato wedges, needs to stir potato wedges during sprinkling, to potato wedges is drenched, rice straw mulching, vexed 1～2h is used after spraying；
(2) according to eye stripping and slicing, each stripping and slicing keeps 2～3 eyes, the potato wedges medication immersion for cutting is steeped into 10～
Pick up after 15min, dry；
(3) potato wedges 5min is soaked with coating agent, after picking up the 10min that dries in the air, is again dipped into being pulled out after coating agent 5min, then planted
Plant in cultivation matrix；
In the liquid per liter include indolebutyric acid 50mg, calcium chloride 30mg, N-triacontanol 2mg, Prohexadione calcium 5mg,
Sodium Diacetate 3mg；
The coating agent includes the component of following parts by weight：50 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, tristearin
0.4 part of acyl lactylate, 0.1 part of 5-ALA, 0.1 part of poly-aspartate, 0.5 part of stearyl alcohol.
Preferably, the preparation process of the coating agent is：By 50 parts of component plant ash, the hydroxypropyl first of following parts by weight
10 parts of base cellulose, 0.4 part of stearoyl lactate, 0.1 part of poly-aspartate, 0.5 part of stearyl alcohol are mixed in proportion, by 5-
0.1 part of amino-laevulic acid is uniformly dissolved in 70 parts of water, in adding said mixture, stirs into pasty state.
The sweet potato potato seed stripping and slicing and the weight ratio preferably 200: 1 of coating agent.
Preferably, each stripping and slicing weight is between 28～32g.
Preferably, the cultivation matrix is to be made up of humus, garden mould and river sand, and its weight ratio is humus: garden mould: river
Husky=3: 2: 2, using front first with 2000 times of liquid of Bravo to matrix spray disinfectant.
Preferably, soil layer cladding thickness is 3～4cm during plant.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Sweet potato genus asexually propagated crop, whole breeding time equal easily infected virus, causes Different Varieties to be degenerated, yield reduction,
Quality is deteriorated.According to investigations, the sweet potato of potato seed process is not carried out, shows disease diseased plant rate 60%～95%, general underproduction 30-50%, it is sweet
Potato virosis becomes the big restraining factors for affecting yield of sweet potato and quality, and potato seed is disinfected by spraying hydrogen peroxide, can
The possibility that potato seed is carried disease germs is reduced, suppresses germ to be propagated by stem tuber, so as to ensure plant healthy growth；
Kind of a potato wedges is soaked using the liquid of special component content, liquid is immersed in kind of potato wedges, planted potato wedges and send out
After bud plantation, the root for obtaining is more sturdy and prosperity, and the raising to yield has important function；
In experiments it is found that, each active ingredient of coating agent and ratio have a great impact to the effect that sweet potato produces, if
Each active ingredient concentration is too low, and potato seed is contained within too many moisture, easily causes the breakage of potato seed superficial cell, and then affects follow-up
Germination；If each active ingredient excessive concentration, then potato seed surface can remain excessive active ingredient, and potato seed surface is also easily caused
Poison.Empirical tests find that the special component and ratio, Multiple components coordinated of the coating agent proportioning that the present invention is selected are obtained
Seedling germination percentage it is high, robust growth, and be difficult to be infected by various pest and disease damages；Meanwhile, if coating solution uses excessive, the later stage
Germination percentage is low, and the bud for obtaining is weak；Effect that is very few and not reaching stratification；Sweet potato potato seed stripping and slicing and the weight of coating agent
Amount than for 200: 1 when the bud that obtains grow vigorous, and be not subject to pest and disease damage and infect；
The combination of several compositions such as plant ash, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, stearoyl lactate and stearyl alcohol had both had very
The rotten effect of good prevention kind potato wedges, and there is equally distributed effect to other compositions, each component is uniformly attached to
Plant in potato wedges；5-ALA is organism synthesis chlorophyll, ferroheme, Cobastab12Etc. requisite material, can
Chlorophyllous synthesis is adjusted, chlorophyll is improved and is caught the stability of Photosystem I I, improved photosynthetic efficiency and promote photosynthesis；Poly- day
Winter propylhomoserin can have chelation to metal ion as fertilizer synergist, and the poly-aspartate of certain molecular mass can be with richness
Collection nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element supply plant, make plant more effectively using fertilizer, improve the yield and quality of crops, gather
The addition of aspartic acid can improve crop yield, and can improve soil quality；The present invention is by this several composition with specific
Ratio is used cooperatively, the chemiluminescence between them, not only greatly reduces the disease of sweet potato underground and aerial part
Insect pest, it is ensured that potato seed keeps very strong vitality in germination and rooting process.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, 9 cells of 8m × 8m are selected, it is divided into three groups, per group of 3 repetition, first group of potato seed is not
Process, second group conventionally processes potato seed, and the 3rd group is processed according to sweet potato potato seed processing method of the present invention,
Remaining cultural method is identical.Emergence rate, per mu yield and the commodity rate of three groups of sweet potatoes are determined, as a result as shown in table 1.Traditional potato seed
Processing method is with reference to prior art：Wang Hong, He Qiong. sweet potato good quality and high output plants key link and main integrated technology [J]. Sichuan
Agricultural science and technology, 2011,2011 (9)：18-20., i.e., be made into 50 DEG C to sweet potato potato seed thiophanate methyl in 1: 1000 ratio
Medicining liquid dipping 10 minutes.
Table 1
Above-mentioned data are analyzed and are understood, using sweet potato potato seed processing method of the present invention, emergence rate can be effectively improved, produced
Amount and commodity potato are significantly increased, and the inventive method can produce significant economic benefit.
Embodiment 2
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, 9 cells of 8m × 8m are selected, it is divided into three groups, per group of 3 repetition, first group of potato seed is not
Process, second group conventionally processes potato seed, and the 3rd group is processed according to sweet potato potato seed processing method of the present invention,
Remaining cultural method is identical.Determine the stem tuber index of quality of three groups of sweet potatoes, including content of starch, Vc contents, protein content and
Total phenol content, as a result as shown in table 2.Traditional potato seed processing method is with reference to prior art：Wang Hong, He Qiong. sweet potato high-quality is high
Produce plantation key link and main integrated technology [J]. sichuan agriculture science and technology, 2011,2011 (9)：18-20., i.e., to sweet potato potato seed
50 DEG C of medicining liquid dipping 10 minutes is made in 1: 1000 ratio with thiophanate methyl.
Table 2
From above-mentioned data analysis, sweet potato potato seed processing method of the present invention cause sweet potato stem tuber quality obtain compared with
It is big to improve.
Embodiment 3
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, 9 cells of 8m × 8m are selected, it is divided into three groups, per group of 3 repetition, first group of potato seed is not
Process, second group conventionally processes potato seed, and the 3rd group is processed according to sweet potato potato seed processing method of the present invention,
Remaining cultural method is identical.The disease rate of three groups of sweet potatoes is determined, as a result as shown in table 3.Traditional potato seed processing method reference
Prior art：Wang Hong, He Qiong. sweet potato good quality and high output plants key link and main integrated technology [J]. sichuan agriculture science and technology,
2011,2011 (9)：18-20., i.e., be made into 50 DEG C of sterilization immersion to sweet potato potato seed thiophanate methyl in 1: 1000 ratio
Bubble 10 minutes.
Table 3
From above-mentioned data analysis, potato seed processing mode provided by the present invention can significantly reduce sweet potato disease rate.
Embodiment 4
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, select 27 cells of 8m × 8m, be divided into 9 groups, per group of 3 repetition, 9 groups of sweet potatoes according to
Potato seed disposal methods potato seed of the present invention, its difference is the consumption of step (2) Chinese medicine liquid each component, determines 9 groups
The per mu yield of sweet potato, as a result as shown in table 4.
Table 4
From above-mentioned data analysis, when every liter of liquid includes indolebutyric acid 50mg, calcium chloride 30mg, N-triacontanol
When 2mg, Prohexadione calcium 5mg, sodium Diacetate 3mg, per mu yield highest has reached best economic benefit.
Embodiment 5
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, select 27 cells of 8m × 8m, be divided into 9 groups, per group of 3 repetition, 9 groups of sweet potatoes according to
Potato seed disposal methods potato seed of the present invention, its difference is the consumption of coating agent each component in step (3), determines 9
The per mu yield of group sweet potato, as a result as shown in table 5.
Table 5
From above-mentioned data analysis, only when coating agent includes the component of following parts by weight：50 parts of plant ash, hydroxypropyl
10 parts of ylmethyl cellulose, 0.4 part of stearoyl lactate, 0.1 part of 5-ALA, 0.1 part of poly-aspartate, stearyl alcohol
When 0.5 part, per mu yield highest can be just made, reach best economic benefit.
Embodiment 6
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, select 18 cells of 8m × 8m, be divided into 6 groups, per group of 3 repetition, 6 groups of sweet potatoes according to
Potato seed disposal methods potato seed of the present invention, its difference is the weight of sweet potato potato seed stripping and slicing and coating agent in step (3)
Amount ratio, determines the per mu yield of 6 groups of sweet potatoes, as a result as shown in table 6.
Table 6
From above-mentioned data analysis, sweet potato per mu yield is most when sweet potato potato seed stripping and slicing is 200: 1 with the weight ratio of coating agent
It is high.
Embodiment 7
Field plot trial is carried out in Yancheng City great Feng areas of Jiangsu Province Jin Hai farms, and salt content is 0.3%, the content of organic matter
1.1%, belong to moderate saline-alkali soil block, select 21 cells of 8m × 8m, be divided into 7 groups, per group of 3 repetition, 7 groups of sweet potatoes according to
Potato seed disposal methods potato seed of the present invention, its difference is humus: garden mould: the weight ratio of river sand, and 7 groups of measure is sweet
The per mu yield of potato, as a result as shown in table 7.
Table 7
From above-mentioned data analysis, humus: garden mould: sweet potato per mu yield highest when the weight ratio of river sand is 3: 2: 2.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sweet potato potato seed processing method, comprises the following steps：
(1) the sweet potato potato wedges infected without disease pest after vernalization is selected, is prior to seeding uniformly sprayed at 3% hydrogen peroxide with sprayer
In potato wedges, need to stir potato wedges during sprinkling, to potato wedges is drenched, rice straw mulching, vexed 1～2h are used after spraying；
(2) according to eye stripping and slicing, each stripping and slicing keeps 2～3 eyes, and the potato wedges medication immersion for cutting is steeped after 10～15min
Pick up, dry；
(3) with coating agent soak potato wedges 5min, after picking up the 10min that dries in the air, be again dipped into being pulled out after coating agent 5min, then transplant in
In cultivation matrix；
Per liter includes indolebutyric acid 50mg, calcium chloride 30mg, N-triacontanol 2mg, Prohexadione calcium 5mg, double second in the liquid
Sour sodium 3mg；
The coating agent includes the component of following parts by weight：50 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, stearoyl breast
0.4 part of sour sodium, 0.1 part of 5-ALA, 0.1 part of poly-aspartate, 0.5 part of stearyl alcohol.
2. according to sweet potato potato seed processing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation process of the coating agent
It is：By 50 parts of the component plant ash of following parts by weight, 10 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.4 part of stearoyl lactate, poly- day
0.1 part of winter propylhomoserin, 0.5 part of stearyl alcohol are mixed in proportion, and by 5-ALA, 0.1 part dissolves equal in 70 parts of water
It is even, in adding said mixture, stir into pasty state.
3. sweet potato potato seed processing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sweet potato potato seed stripping and slicing and coating agent
Weight ratio preferably 200: 1.
4. sweet potato potato seed processing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that each stripping and slicing weight preferably 28～
Between 32g.
5. sweet potato potato seed processing method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the cultivation matrix be by humus,
Garden mould and river sand are constituted, and its weight ratio is humus: garden mould: river sand=3: 2: 2, first use 2 000 times of liquid pair of Bravo using front
Matrix spray disinfectant.
6. sweet potato potato seed processing method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that during plant soil layer cladding thickness be 3～
4cm。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107079700A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-22 | 何振贤 | A kind of method of the organic Sweet Potato For High. yield Production cultivation in hills drought-hit area |
| CN107484527A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-19 | 安徽省阜阳永祥良种服务有限责任公司 | A kind of breeding method of sweet potato seedling |
| CN109168867A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of apricot-quinoa composite plant method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107079700A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-22 | 何振贤 | A kind of method of the organic Sweet Potato For High. yield Production cultivation in hills drought-hit area |
| CN107079700B (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2020-09-01 | 何振贤 | High-yield cultivation method of organic sweet potatoes in hilly and arid regions |
| CN107484527A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-19 | 安徽省阜阳永祥良种服务有限责任公司 | A kind of breeding method of sweet potato seedling |
| CN109168867A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-11 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of apricot-quinoa composite plant method |
| CN109168867B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2021-01-26 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Apricot tree-quinoa compound planting method |
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