CN106577460A - Environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds - Google Patents
Environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577460A CN106577460A CN201611139741.3A CN201611139741A CN106577460A CN 106577460 A CN106577460 A CN 106577460A CN 201611139741 A CN201611139741 A CN 201611139741A CN 106577460 A CN106577460 A CN 106577460A
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000025670 Eleusine indica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014716 Eleusine indica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009629 growth pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds. The method comprises the following several steps: (1) firstly, carrying out an investigation on the harmful macroscopic algae of the ponds, and preliminarily judging the harm degree of the harmful macroscopic algae and the growth stage of the macroscopic algae to be removed; (2) sprinkling an aqueous solution of sodium humate to the ponds, and carrying out standing for 3 to 5 days, wherein after sprinkling, water for pond culture becomes black so as to block the photosynthesis of the harmful macroscopic algae; sprinkling the aqueous solution of sodium humate to the ponds again in a supplement manner according to the condition of the harmful macroscopic algae after the water color returns to normal condition; and fishing out the harmful macroscopic algae as far as possible after the harmful macroscopic algae are withered; (3) sprinkling an aqueous solution of zeolite powder to entire ponds so as to carry out water purification and adsorption treatment; and (4) carrying out microbial preparation sprinkling: after the step (3), sprinkling photosynthetic bacteria for aquaculture so as to suppress the harmful macroscopic algae. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the cost is reduced greatly, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, easiness in operation, thoroughness in weeding, environment-friendliness, no pollution, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology of seawater aquaculturing pond, belongs to agriculture mariculture technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Seawater pond culture as aquatic animal one of main artificial cultivation mode, recently as the nothing of breeding way
Sequence, the abuse and work of fisheries drug, agricultural water and sanitary sewage are frequently occurred to a series of reasons such as the pollutions of breeding water
Breeding water eutrophication, further results in the outburst of large-scale harmful algae.Such as spring, winter Stichopus japonicuss circle, shrimp circle Huang Guancai
Spread unchecked, the large-scale outbreak of summer and autumn Stichopus japonicuss circle bristle algae, the climing algae in river, water silk floss, Entermorpha etc. has had a strong impact on pond culture
Further develop and cultivation income.
The numerous life of excess of large-scale harmful algae, main harm has the following aspects during it forms sociales：
One is the normal breeding and growth that substantial amounts of harmful algae can suppress foundation bait and unicellular alga in pond waters, so as to make
It is deficient into the effective nutrient substance of cultivating pool.Two is some large-scale harmful algaes, and such as steel wire grass can wind aquaculture organism, such as sea
Ginseng, prawn etc., have a strong impact on the daily routines of aquaculture organism.Three is the amount reproduction of large-scale harmful algae, easily causes pond bottom
Portion's water coke slurry is bad, ischaemia, generation anaerobe metabolite H2S、NH3The harmful substances such as-N.Four is that large-scale harmful algae is rotten
After rotten, substrate deterioration is easily caused, the disease for easily causing aquaculture organism occurs.
Currently mainly there are three kinds for the method for large-scale harmful algae outburst, one is physical method, it is bedding shade net, artificial
Drag for grass, sandy soil covering, weeder, physical method reduction transparency etc..Two is chemical method, it is various except medical herbs, local herbicide medicine,
Change bottom medicine, to block illumination for the purpose of chemical drugss (such as You Caile), three is biological method, and Tiny ecosystem reagent is (such as breast
Sour bacterium, bacillus cereuss etc.), enzyme preparation, mineral etc..Removal and suppression of the said method to large-scale harmful algae has certain
Effect, but there is also many restriction and not enough.The characteristics of physical method typically has operable, low cost, but have the disadvantage place
Reason effect is undesirable, slowly effect.Such as using grass and weeder removal steel wire grass is manually dragged for, not only treatment effect is undesirable, and
Easily cause regrow, the harm such as artificial secondary diffusion, cost is also very high.Comparatively chemical method instant effect, process is compared
More thoroughly, but secondary pollution is easily caused.Biological method effect is obvious, but slowly effect, and operation is difficult.
Different for different harmful algae processing methods, the large-scale harmful algae of domestic and international different regions pond growth is equal
There is a difference, the means of process also each have their own method, generally speaking, the counter-measure that the current country generally takes is mainly to splash
Mode of the herbicide in combination with artificial salvaging.Inefficiency, and the secondary pollution of cultivation water environment is easily caused, and as firmly
Mao Zao etc. is also without effective herbicides special.For this situation, exigence we find a kind of effective, pollution-free
Mode remove large-scale harmful algae in cultivating pool.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of herbicidal methods with low cost, easy to operate, ecological, harmless to pond.
With the method, while the large-scale harmful algae that effectively can be spread unchecked in pond is removed, improve water quality and substrate.Stable cultivation
The ecological environment in waters, effectively reduces the stress of cultivated animals.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that：
(1) large-scale harmful algae investigation：The large-scale harmful algae in pond is investigated first, its extent of injury is tentatively judged
And the growth stage of the macro to be removed, the concentration and number of times of sodium humate of being splashed with decision.
(2) splash sodium humate aqueous solution：As a example by pond with the depth of water as 1m, every mu of consumption be sodium humate 0.5kg～
4kg, pond breeding water is in black after splashing, and blocks the photosynthesis of large-scale harmful algae, stands 3d～5d.Treat that water colour recovers
After normal, depending on the situation of large-scale harmful algae, sodium humate aqueous solution of splashing is supplemented again, per the pond of the 1m depth of waters, per mu of corruption
Sour sodium consumption is grown for 0.5kg～2kg.After large-scale harmful algae is withered, is tried one's best and pulled out.
(3) splash zeolite amidin：After most of large-scale harmful algae is pulled out, full pool spilling head zeolite amidin,
According to remaining harmful algae residue situation, per the pond of the 1m depth of waters, every mu of zeolite powder consumption is 0.5kg～4kg, carries out water quality net
Change and adsorption treatment.
(4) splash microorganism formulation：After step (3), photosynthetic bacteria used for aquiculture of splashing reduces breeding water transparent
Degree, suppresses to large-scale harmful algae.
Wherein, the large-scale harmful algae includes bristle algae, Entermorpha, water silk floss etc..
Pond of the photosynthetic bacteria per the 1m depth of waters, every mu of consumption is 6L-15L.Ensure that the number of viable in water body reaches
105More than individual/milliliter, general 13～16 days or so using once；It is preferred that 15 days once.
The inventive method can simply and effectively, easy to operate, low cost environmentally friendly processing method is to large-scale harmful algae
The outburst of class is removed and suppresses.And disturbance and danger of the reduction operating process to aquaculture organism as far as possible during process
Evil.
Invention beneficial effect
(1) low cost, simple to operate.Relative to grass units tens of thousands of easily are manually dragged for, what the inventive method cost will be low is more.And
And it is easily operated.
(2) weeding is thorough.Weeding purpose is reached by controlling the photosynthesis of harmful algae, effect is more thorough.
(3) environmental protection, pollution-free.Sodium humate is mineral with zeolite powder, relative to the weeding of heavy dose of splashing
Agent, method of the present invention reaches weeding purpose by controlling light and effect, more environmentally-friendly, and sodium humate and zeolite powder are rings
Border friendly, non-synthetic improvement substrate medicament.To pond water quality, biological no pollution.While weeding purpose is reached, to water
Matter and substrate have improving effect.Splash after sodium humate, carry out inhaling ammonia neutralization with zeolite powder, can effectively suppress sodium humate
The Water Eutrophication for causing.
(4) effect duration is long, little to aquaculture organism disturbance harm.Grass, chemical agent are manually dragged for relative to traditional
For weeding, the more efficiently growth pathway that large-scale harmful algae has been blocked from root of method of the present invention, and the later stage is logical
Cross photosynthetic bacteria to suppress it, effect is more effective, permanent and comparatively mineral composition of splashing disturbs aquaculture organism
It is less.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of environment-friendly type pond ecological herbicidal methods are as follows：
(1) large-scale harmful algae investigation：The large-scale harmful algae in pond is investigated first, its main harm is tentatively judged
Species is bristle algae (being commonly called as steel wire grass), manually drags for grass because of its early stage and processed, and range of scatter is larger, and its extent of injury is more tight
Weight, the depth of water is nearly 600 mu of 1.5m～3m of pond, determines sodium humate 2kg/ mus of splashing, two cycles.
(2) splash sodium humate aqueous solution：According to harmful algae type and quantity situation, per mu is with sodium humate amount
1.5kg～2kg, pond breeding water blocks the photosynthesis of large-scale harmful algae into black after splashing, and continues 3d～5d.Treat
After water colour recovers normal, depending on the survival condition of bristle algae, again supplementary sodium humate aqueous solution of splashing, continues 5d or so, treats big
After type harmful algae is withered, is tried one's best and pulled out.
(3) splash zeolite amidin：After most of grass is pulled out, full pool spilling head zeolite amidin, every mu of consumption is
1.5kg～2kg, carries out purification of water quality and adsorption treatment.
(4) splash microorganism formulation：After step (3), splash photosynthetic bacteria 10L used for aquiculture, and photosynthetic bacteria concentration is 2
×109Individual/milliliter～3 × 109Individual/milliliter viable count；Large-scale harmful algae is suppressed.
The inventive method the middle ten days in 2015 tries in Xingcheng beach township holothruian cultures garden, obtains good test effect
Really.
The ultimate principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments.Simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (6)
1. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology of cultivating pool, it is characterised in that including following step：
(1) large-scale harmful algae investigation：The large-scale harmful algae in pond is investigated first, tentatively judge its extent of injury and
The growth stage of the macro to be removed, the concentration and number of times of sodium humate of being splashed with decision；
(2) splash sodium humate aqueous solution：Pond breeding water blocks the light cooperation of large-scale harmful algae into black after splashing
With standing 3d～5d；After water colour recovers normal, depending on the situation of large-scale harmful algae, again supplementary sodium humate of splashing is water-soluble
Liquid；After large-scale harmful algae is withered, is tried one's best and pulled out；
(3) splash zeolite amidin：After most of grass is pulled out, full pool spilling head zeolite amidin, carry out purification of water quality and
Adsorption treatment；
(4) splash microorganism formulation：After step (3), photosynthetic bacteria used for aquiculture of splashing presses down to large-scale harmful algae
System.
2. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology in pond according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), use humic
The photosynthesis that sour sodium is splashed to being harmful to macro are controlled, and per the pond of the 1m depth of waters, its consumption is every mu of sodium humate
0.5kg～4kg.
3. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology in pond according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), use zeolite
Powder carries out purification of water quality and adsorption treatment, and per the pond of the 1m depth of waters, every mu of consumption is zeolite powder 0.5kg～4kg.
4. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology in pond according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the large-scale harmful algae
It is continuous including bristle algae, Entermorpha, water.
5. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology in pond according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the light
It is to ensure that the number of viable in water body reaches 10 to close antibacterial consumption5It is more than individual/milliliter.
6. the large-scale harmful algae minimizing technology in pond according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (4), the light
Close antibacterial to splash once for 13～16 days.
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| CN201611139741.3A CN106577460A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | Environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds |
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| CN201611139741.3A CN106577460A (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | Environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108651340A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of ecological preventing control method of apostichopus japonicus culture pond macro excessive multiplication |
| CN110117542A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-13 | 无锡中顺生物技术有限公司 | A kind of pre- anti-down algae agent and its application that fish pond uses |
| CN110999826A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-14 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Prevention and treatment method for moss in aquaculture pond |
| CN112723560A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Treatment method for water quality of northern overwintering pond |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108651340A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-16 | 烟台市水产研究所 | A kind of ecological preventing control method of apostichopus japonicus culture pond macro excessive multiplication |
| CN110117542A (en) * | 2019-05-08 | 2019-08-13 | 无锡中顺生物技术有限公司 | A kind of pre- anti-down algae agent and its application that fish pond uses |
| CN110999826A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-14 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Prevention and treatment method for moss in aquaculture pond |
| CN112723560A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Treatment method for water quality of northern overwintering pond |
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