CN112723560A - Treatment method for water quality of northern overwintering pond - Google Patents
Treatment method for water quality of northern overwintering pond Download PDFInfo
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- CN112723560A CN112723560A CN202011603918.7A CN202011603918A CN112723560A CN 112723560 A CN112723560 A CN 112723560A CN 202011603918 A CN202011603918 A CN 202011603918A CN 112723560 A CN112723560 A CN 112723560A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating water quality of a northern overwintering pond, which is characterized in that microbial agents are uniformly sprinkled in a northern aquaculture pond, the sprinkling range is the water surface of the whole pond, and the sprinkling time is autumn; when the water body is a water body with the advantage formed by single algae, namely the water body is yellow (golden algae), red (dinoflagellate) or yellow-green (diatom and dinoflagellate), the microbial agent is bacillus coagulans, the using amount of the bacillus coagulans is 3-4 mu per kilogram of the water surface, and the bacillus coagulans is uniformly sprinkled by adding water; when the water body is not a water body with dominance formed by single algae (most algae are dinoflagellates such as dinoflagellates, chrysophytes, euglena and the like), one fourth to one third of the pond water surface is splashed by using a disinfectant, and after 10-15 days, the pond water is uniformly splashed by using a microbial agent rhodopseudomonas palustris mixed with water, wherein the dosage is 0.5-1L for 1 mu of water surface with the water depth of less than 2 m. The method for treating the water quality of the northern overwintering pond by adopting the microbial agent has strong pertinence, no metal residue and no water quality pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological breeding, and particularly relates to a method for treating water quality of a northern overwintering pond.
Background
Northern aquaculture ponds often have overwintering ponds, namely adult fishes cultivated in the same year are grown in the spring of the next year, and before overwintering, the water quality is required to be treated to be not fat and not thin, flagellates cannot be present, and algae such as chrysophyceae cannot be present. Generally, the water quality is well regulated in autumn.
Because the pond conditions are different, the formed dominant algae are different, and the water quality regulation method is also different. The general processing method comprises the following steps: killing insects, using copper sulfate to kill algae, using halogen-containing disinfectant (such as trichloroisocyanuric acid, chlorine dioxide, etc.) to disinfect, and using N fertilizer (such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium bicarbonate, etc.) to fertilize water. The treatment method is not friendly to the environment, namely copper and iron residues exist, N, P in the aquaculture water is too high, and the water quality is polluted; secondly, the method has no pertinence, namely the method has no targeted regulation on different algae, and the effect is poor after abnormal water quality occurs.
Therefore, the method for treating the water quality of the northern overwintering pond, which has strong pertinence, no metal residue and no water quality pollution, is the problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating water quality of a northern overwintering pond. The method for pertinently adjusting the water quality by using the microbial agent provided by the invention has the advantages of strong pertinence, no metal residue and no pollution to the water quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a treatment method of water quality of a northern overwintering pond. The overwintering fish pond needs to keep fresh water quality, and a semi-closed environment which is isolated from air or poor in circulation can be formed inside the pond after ice is sealed in winter. The balance between zooplankton and phytoplankton in the water is maintained, so that the oxygen generated by the phytoplankton in the pond is enough for the zooplankton and fishes to breathe, and the excessive oxygen cannot be generated to cause the bubble disease. In autumn every year, some aquaculture water surfaces can present yellow (golden algae), red (dinoflagellate) or yellow-green (diatom and dinoflagellate) water bodies, and most of the aquaculture water surfaces can form a layer of bubbles on the water surfaces, so that the water bodies are caused by single algae. The dominant population of a water body occupied by a single algae causes certain conditions (e.g., temperature, space, etc.) to be inappropriate for the strain and results in "diversion": the dead algae can generate toxin, the oxygen production of the algae is reduced, the oxygen deficiency and dissolved oxygen of the water body can be rapidly reduced, and the oxygen deficiency can be caused in some ponds at night.
As a further improvement of the above scheme:
preferably, the microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans (lactic acid bacteria) and/or rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Preferably, when the water body of the northern aquaculture pond is a water body with advantages formed by single algae, the microbial agent is bacillus coagulans; wherein the color of the dominant water formed by the single algae is yellow, red or yellow-green; the algae corresponding to yellow is chrysophyte, the algae corresponding to red is dinoflagellate, and the algae corresponding to yellow-green is diatom and dinoflagellate.
Preferably, the dosage of the bacillus coagulans is 3-4 mu per kilogram of the water surface, and the bacillus coagulans is sprinkled by adding water.
Preferably, Bacillus coagulans (A), (B) and (C)Bacillus coagulans) MES847, preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation date of 2018, 8 and 30 months, the preservation number of CGMCC No.16358, and the preservation address of No. 3 Xilu No.1, North Chen, the south of the republic of Beijing. Bacillus coagulans (B) used in the present inventionBacillus coagulans) MES847, which is separated from soil protected in Hebei river and is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive bacterium, widely exists in nature. The bacillus coagulans is in a long rod shape, two ends of the bacillus coagulans are blunt and round, no flagellum exists, and spores are grown; the colony is opaque white, round, and has outstanding surface, and can grow well at 15-40 deg.C, and the optimum pH value for growth is 6.6-7.0. It also belongs to intestinal lactic acid bacteria because it can produce a large amount of lactic acid after fermentation. The bacillus coagulans has the functions of maintaining intestinal microecological balance and improving the intestinal microecological balance of common lactic acid bacteriaBesides the functions of digestion function and health level, the feed additive also has the advantages of high temperature resistance, acid resistance, bile salt resistance and the like, can effectively inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, improve the intestinal micro-ecological environment, promote the development of intestinal tracts, enhance the intestinal functions, has the characteristics of easy preservation, high reactivation rate and the like, and has good application prospect in the feed industry. The effective viable count of the bacillus coagulans powder product is not less than 1.0 multiplied by 1010CFU/g。
Preferably, the sprinkling time of the bacillus coagulans is no sunlight irradiation at night. The watering time is noteworthy, when sunlight is directly irradiated, the photosynthesis is strongest, and at the moment, the activity of algae is strongest and is difficult to inhibit; at night, there was no photosynthesis, and bacillus coagulans was used for best inhibition. In addition, when the medicine is taken at night, the problem of oxygen deficiency is worried about, and the lactic acid bacteria do not consume oxygen, so the medicine can be used at night, is safe, and can effectively inhibit harmful algae which cannot be killed by copper sulfate.
Preferably, when the water body of the northern aquaculture pond is not a water body with the advantage formed by single algae, the microbial agent is rhodopseudomonas palustris; wherein most of the algae in the water body which is not dominant in the formation of single algae are dinoflagellates, such as dinoflagellates, chrysophytes or euglena.
Preferably, the using amount of the rhodopseudomonas palustris is 0.5-1L on a water surface with the water depth of 1 mu less than 2 meters, and the rhodopseudomonas palustris is sprinkled by adding water.
Preferably, the rhodopseudomonas palustris is rhodopseudomonas palustris CICC 1421 purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms (09/21/2018); the effective viable count of the rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial liquid product is not less than 30.0 multiplied by 108CFU/ml. Rhodopseudomonas palustris belongs to one of photosynthetic bacteria (PSB for short), and is one of the oldest microorganisms on earth. PSB thallus cell diameter 0.6-0.9 μm, polar flagellum movement or not, growth polarity, asymmetric bud division. Gram staining was negative. The photosynthetic pigments are chlorophyll a, h and carotenoids. The best mode of growth is to use various organic compounds as carbon sources and electron donors for light anaerobic culture. Under the anaerobic condition, hydrogen, sodium thiosulfate, hydrogen sulfide and the like are used as electron donors to realize photoautotrophic growth. G + C mol%Is 64.8-66.4. Using a pond with more inorganic fertilizer, and uniformly sprinkling 0.5-1L of water per mu (the water depth is less than 2 m); the old pond and the pond which uses more organic fertilizers or has higher organic matter content in water are uniformly sprinkled by adding 1-1.5L of water per mu (the water depth is less than 2 meters).
Preferably, one fourth to one third of the water surface of the pond is splashed with disinfectant before the Rhodopseudomonas palustris is splashed for 10-15 days; the disinfectant is chlorine dioxide powder and/or strong chlorine essence, and the dosage of the disinfectant is more than one kilogram per mu of water surface. If the single algae forms a dominant water body, wherein most of the algae are flagellates (dinoflagellates, chrysophytes, euglena and the like), high-concentration disinfectants are used, such as chlorine dioxide powder or strong chlorine essence, and the dosage is more than one kilogram per mu of water surface. When the oxidant with high concentration contacts with the algae, the algae can not adapt due to the rapid change of the external environment, and the effect of partially killing the redundant algae can be achieved. The water body generally has few plankton, so the rhodopseudomonas palustris (photosynthetic bacteria) is used for being uniformly sprinkled by adding 0.5-1L of water per mu (the water depth is less than 2 m) after the treatment is finished for 10-15 days. This will neither cultivate too many zooplankton nor inhibit the reproduction of too many phytoplankton.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the invention fully considers the characteristics of different algae and the growth characteristics of different strains, and the scheme has strong pertinence, obvious effect and quick response; the prevention effect is obvious; (2) the microbial agent adopted by the invention has the characteristics of no phytotoxicity, no residue, no inhibition on the growth of other algae, small dosage and ecological environmental protection; (3) the invention utilizes the ecological cycle, so that more energy in the ecological cycle flows into the culture product, the cycle of the ecological environment is promoted, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional biochemical reagent store unless otherwise specified.
The sources of the strains related to the invention are as follows:
(1) bacillus coagulans used in the present invention (A)Bacillus coagulans) MES847 is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center with the preservation address of No. 3 Xilu No.1 Beijing north Chen of the rising area, the preservation date of 2018, 8 months and 30 days, and the preservation numbers are: CGMCC No. 16358. The effective viable count of Bacillus coagulans powder is not less than 1.0 × 1010CFU/g。
(2) The rhodopseudomonas palustris used in the invention is rhodopseudomonas palustris CICC 1421 purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms (09/21/2018). The effective viable count of the rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial liquid product is not less than 30.0 multiplied by 108 CFU/ml。
Example 1
The embodiment provides a treatment method for the water quality of red water (a water body with the advantage formed by single dinoflagellate algae) of a northern overwintering pond, and ensures the overwintering safety.
(1) Time and place of experiment:
the experiment is carried out in 2019, 10 months and 20 days in two open-air ponds of double-kiln villages in Yangro villages and towns in the quiet sea area of Tianjin city, the areas of the 2 ponds are respectively 200 mu (1 #), 120 mu (2 #), and the average water depth is 1.8 m.
(2) Test pond conditions:
all the 2 ponds are polyculture fish ponds, and the shrimps are harvested. Before the test, 2 ponds are mainly of dinoflagellate water quality and have a small amount of zooplankton.
(3) The test method comprises the following steps:
the No.1 pond is a control pond, the water quality is fresh, and the color is not deep in the No. 2 pond. The 2# pond is a test pond, and the water quality is relatively red in color;
the test is started 10 months and 20 days, 36kg of the lactobacillus preparation is diluted by 100 times and 500 times in a No. 2 pond at noon, and the whole pond is uniformly sprayed after 2 hours.
The No.1 pond is used for splashing copper sulfate on the first day (10 months and 20 days) of the whole pond and is used for splashing vitamin C matched with glucose on the second day of the whole pond.
(4) And (3) test results:
the water color of the No. 2 experimental pond begins to slowly fade in a macroscopic way from the third day, the dinoflagellate is obviously reduced under a microscope on the fifth day (10 months and 25 days), and the green algae and the diatom begin to increase. The pond water is gradually changed into water color mainly comprising diatom green algae and assisting dinoflagellate. Zooplankton and phytoplankton reach equilibrium, and the pond water is stabilized until the pond is sealed with ice. And the algae in the No.1 pond are not propagated all the time after being splashed by the copper sulfate, and the water color is brown. Water fertilization had to be performed before ice sealing.
Therefore, the scheme has obvious effect of regulating the quality of the red water.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a treatment method for the water quality of 'brown water' (water not predominantly formed by single algae, mainly water quality of euglena and dinoflagellate) of a northern overwintering pond, and ensures the overwintering safety.
(1) Time and place of experiment:
the experiment is carried out in 2019, 10 months and 21 days in 2 open-air ponds of a new fishing ground built in Temple town of Tianjin, the areas of the 2 ponds are respectively 40 mu (1 #) and 30 mu (2 #), and the average water depth is 2 meters.
(2) Test pond conditions:
the 2 ponds are intensive culture fish ponds. Before the test, the water quality is mainly euglena and dinoflagellate, and the anorexia and the failure to mount the test result are shown.
(3) The test method comprises the following steps:
the 1# pond is a control pond, and the 2# pond is a test pond;
the test was started (day 21/10) in the 2# pond, half of the pond with the windward was sprinkled with 30kg of strong chlorine, the 1# pond was sprinkled with copper sulfate, and the whole pond was sprinkled with vitamin C in combination with glucose the next day. After 10 days (31 days in 10 months) of the 2# pond, 30L of rhodopseudomonas palustris (photosynthetic bacteria) is added with water and is uniformly sprinkled.
(4) And (3) test results:
in the 2# test group, the algae is obviously reduced after the strong chlorine is used, and the algae phase mainly including green algae, diatom and euglena is converted after the photosynthetic bacteria are used, and certain zooplankton exists.
The number 1 control pond has more and more euglena, and the algae form old water by 26 days in 10 months, so that the euglena cannot be regulated by using the bacillus subtilis urgently.
Therefore, the scheme has obvious effect of adjusting the water quality of the brown water.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the inventive content of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating water quality of a northern overwintering pond is characterized by comprising the following steps: the treatment method comprises the step of uniformly splashing the microbial agent in the northern aquaculture pond, wherein the splashing range is the water surface of the whole pond, and the splashing time is autumn.
2. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microbial agent comprises bacillus coagulans and/or rhodopseudomonas palustris.
3. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the water body of the northern aquaculture pond is a water body with advantages formed by single algae, the microbial agent is bacillus coagulans; wherein the color of the dominant water formed by the single algae is yellow, red or yellow-green; the algae corresponding to yellow is chrysophyte, the algae corresponding to red is dinoflagellate, and the algae corresponding to yellow-green is diatom and dinoflagellate.
4. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the using amount of the bacillus coagulans is 3-4 mu per kilogram of water surface, and the bacillus coagulans is sprinkled by adding water.
5. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bacillus coagulans is bacillus coagulans MES847 which is preserved in China general microbiological culture collection center with the preservation date of 2018, 8 months and 30 days and the preservation number of CGMCC No. 16358; the effective viable count of Bacillus coagulans powder is not less than 1.0 × 1010CFU/g。
6. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the splashing time of the bacillus coagulans is the time when no sunlight irradiates at night.
7. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the water body of the northern aquaculture pond is not a water body with the advantage formed by single algae, the microbial agent is rhodopseudomonas palustris; wherein most of the algae in the water body which are not dominant for the formation of a single algae are dinoflagellates, which are dinoflagellates, chrysophytes or euglena.
8. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the using amount of the rhodopseudomonas palustris is 0.5-1L for water surface with the water depth of 1 mu less than 2 meters, and the rhodopseudomonas palustris is sprinkled by adding water.
9. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the rhodopseudomonas palustris is rhodopseudomonas palustris CICC 1421, purchased from China center for Industrial culture Collection of microorganisms; the effective viable count of the rhodopseudomonas palustris bacterial liquid product is not less than 30.0 multiplied by 108CFU/ml。
10. The northern overwintering pond water quality treatment method according to claim 7, characterized in that: before the rhodopseudomonas palustris is splashed for 10-15 days, one fourth to one third of the water surface of the pond is splashed with a disinfectant; the disinfectant is chlorine dioxide powder and/or strong chlorine essence, and the dosage of the disinfectant is more than one kilogram per mu of water surface.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113620521A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 天津坤禾生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Spring pond water quality treatment method |
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| CN107094673A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-29 | 天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司 | A kind of high-density breeding method of telescope goldfish |
| CN110973027A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Method for ecologically breeding litopenaeus vannamei by replacing part of feed with live bait |
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2020
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5746155A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-05-05 | Logan; Walter T. | Water treatment with large numbers of non-pathogenic bacteria to improve yield of aquatic animals |
| CN106577460A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院 | Environment-friendly method for removing harmful macroscopic algae from mariculture ponds |
| CN107094673A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-29 | 天津现代晨辉科技集团有限公司 | A kind of high-density breeding method of telescope goldfish |
| CN110973027A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Method for ecologically breeding litopenaeus vannamei by replacing part of feed with live bait |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113620521A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 天津坤禾生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Spring pond water quality treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20210430 |