CN106565324A - Edible fungus cultivation matrix prepared by sunflower by-products - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an edible fungus cultivation matrix prepared by sunflower by-products, wherein the edible fungus cultivation matrix is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-70 parts of sunflower plates, 28-32 parts of sunflower seed shells, 14-16 parts of spiral seaweed, 3-4 parts of a phosphogypsum powder, 2-3 parts of wood vinegar, 1-2 parts of nickel sulfate, 26-28 parts of paulownia chinense sawdust, 1-3 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 42-46 parts of wheat straw, 2-4 parts of urea, 17-23 parts of peat soil, and a proper amount of water. The cultivation matrix takes a large number of sunflower by-products as the raw materials, wherein the sunflower plates can produce a large number of biological proteins by fermentation, and the sunflower seed shells contain chlorogenic acid and other high-value components for inhibiting pathogen growth; the sunflower seed shells are matched with phosphogypsum, nickel sulfate and the like, and thus rich nutrition sources are provided for edible fungi, the growth of mycelia is promoted, and an effective way for increasing economic income is provided for farmers in sunflower producing regions.

Description

Edible fungus culturing substrate prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product

Technical field

The present invention relates to nutrient matrix technical field, more particularly to edible fungi cultivation prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product Training substrate.

Background technology

Substrate culture is a kind of important cultural method, is a kind of a kind of soilless culture side by matrix absorption nutrient Formula, because it requires soil environment the advantages of low, equipment is simple, water-saving saves fertilizer, being adopted by vast plant development person should With.And the continuous expansion of the continuous development and cultivated area with China's planting industry, the usage amount of cultivation matrix also constantly increases, The single raw material such as traditional employing turf, Vermiculitum is simply mixed the substrate of preparation and can not meet the demand of plantation, while The universal nutrition of substrate at this stage is single, while using the physical instability of process mesostroma, water absorption is poor, easily subside, attached Plus be worth low, it is impossible to higher using value is realized for concrete cultivation object and environment, the growth of economic benefit is have impact on.

The modification technology of straw can be effectively reduced the carbon-nitrogen ratio of straw, reduce cellulose and hemicellulose in straw Content, accelerates the decomposition speed of straw, at the same time there is long-chain molecule in organic substrate, and this molecule can be fettered effectively With cohere mineral grain, promote the formation and development of aggregate structure in substrate, and the organic matter in substrate is effectively promoted The growth of microorganism, the mycelia of microorganism can effectively cohere mineral grain, promote the formation of new matrix structure, affect base The degree of packing of matter.Under organic matter and the collective effect of microorganism, the addition of modified straw can strengthen the reunion of granule in substrate Effect, accelerates the formation of matrix pores structure, improves the permeability and stability of substrate.

Gamma-polyglutamic acid-is made due to a large amount of carboxyls and amide groups, having chelating to cation mineral nutrient and adsorbing With, it is prevented from leaching loss of nutrient, and the biological effectiveness of calcium ion and phosphate radical etc. is improved, reduce ammonium nitrogen and be lost in.Its with change Property straw interaction can promote in substrate the existing hole to develop to more macrovoid again, and will can not directly utilize in substrate The Nutrient Transformations such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the form for being easy to absorb.

Based on this, the present inventor is by being studied problem above and having been explored, there is provided one kind accords with the demands of the market Cultivation matrix.

The content of the invention

The object of the invention is exactly to make up the defect of prior art, there is provided food prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product Use bacteria cultivation substrate.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：

Edible fungus culturing substrate prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product, is prepared by the raw materials in：Sunflower plate 65-70, sunflower seed shell 28-32, spirulina 14-16, phosphogypsum powder 3-4, wood vinegar 2-3, nickel sulfate 1-2, paulownia sawdust 26- 28th, gamma-polyglutamic acid -1-3, wheat stalk 42-46, carbamide 2-4, peat soil 17-23, appropriate amount of water.

Edible fungus culturing Matrix formulation procedure prepared by described utilization Helianthi by-product is comprised the following steps that：

（1）Sunflower plate, sunflower seed shell, spirulina mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48-52%, Retting is fermented 27-30 days, and gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and fermentation liquid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to intermediate formation cone Shape rickle is gathered in rear steamer and is heated to 70-80 DEG C to increase steaming and decocting area, by vapour cooking 30-40 minutes, after the completion of close Gas is simultaneously cooled to 30-32 DEG C, now adds gamma-polyglutamic acid-, phosphogypsum powder and stirs to fully mixing, smokes stewing 12-15 minutes, After the completion of take out, then mix with step 1 gained fermentation liquid, and sequentially add wood vinegar, nickel sulfate, stir after being heated to 64-66 DEG C Chelating 40-50 minutes are mixed, filtrate and drying for standby are removed after filtration；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1-2mm sieves, after mixing with carbamide, step 2 gained filtrate appearance is put into In device, the water of mixture total weight 55-60% is added, by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control ambient temperature is in 35-40 DEG C, take out after culture 60-72 hours, it is that 15-20% is standby to dry at 30-35 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Using blender by step 1 gained fermentation siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and paulownia sawdust All stir, cultivate 6-8 days at being placed in 28-30 DEG C, gained dried material is weighed in lyophilization after the completion of culture Pack, obtains final product substrate of the present invention.

It is an advantage of the invention that：

The present invention can guarantee that being sufficiently mixed for substrate material and modified straw by packet mixed processing of the technique later stage to raw material, And the use of modified straw also pole significantly increases the structure hole of substrate, promote the development of noncapilarry porosity in substrate, Substrate water-retention performance is favorably improved, strengthens the permeability and permeability of substrate, then by the synergism with gamma-polyglutamic acid- Improve available nitrogen in substrate, rapid available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium content of magnesium.

Using a large amount of Helianthi by-products as raw material, wherein sunflower plate is fermented can produce in a large number cultivation matrix of the present invention Bioprotein, then containing the high value compositions such as the chlorogenic acid for suppressing growth of pathogenic bacteria, collocation ardealite, nickel sulfate in sunflower seed shell Etc. abundant nutrient source can not only be provided for edible fungi, promote the growth of mycelia, also the peasant for Helianthi producing region provides increasing Plus the effective way of income.

Specific embodiment

Edible fungus culturing substrate prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product, by following weight portion（kg）Raw material make： Sunflower plate 65, sunflower seed shell 28, spirulina 14, phosphogypsum powder 3, wood vinegar 2, nickel sulfate 1, paulownia sawdust 26, γ polyglutamics Acid 1, wheat stalk 42, carbamide 2, peat soil 17, appropriate amount of water.

Edible fungus culturing Matrix formulation procedure prepared by described utilization Helianthi by-product is comprised the following steps that：

（1）Sunflower plate, sunflower seed shell, spirulina mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48%, macerated System fermentation 27 days, gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and fermentation liquid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to intermediate formation cone Shape rickle is gathered and 70 DEG C is heated in rear steamer to increase steaming and decocting area, by vapour cooking 30 minutes, after the completion of close and gas and drop Temperature adds γ polyglutamic acids, phosphogypsum powder to 30 DEG C, now and stirs to fully mixing, smokes stewing 12 minutes, after the completion of take out, then Mix with step 1 gained fermentation liquid, and sequentially add wood vinegar, nickel sulfate, stirring chelating 40 minutes, filter after being heated to 64 DEG C Filtrate and drying for standby are removed afterwards；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1mm sieves, after mixing with carbamide, step 2 gained filtrate container is put into In, the water of mixture total weight 55% is added, by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control ambient temperature cultivates 60 at 35 DEG C Take out after hour, it is 15% standby to dry at 30 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Using blender by step 1 gained fermentation siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and paulownia sawdust All stir, cultivate 6 days at being placed in 28 DEG C, lyophilization after the completion of culture, gained dried material is weighed pack, Obtain final product substrate of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate the using value of the present invention, inventor have chosen respectively substrate of the present invention and commercially available common Culture matrix carries out the cultivating and growing of Lentinus Edodess, and two groups of management method is identical during plantation, by plantation during to substrate physics and chemistry The detection that index is carried out finds that the total porosity of substrate of the present invention reaches 90.10%, and the total porosity of commercially available substrate only has 83.66%, at the same time the more commercially available generic media of biological transformation ratio of Lentinus Edodess improves 5.9%, and finished product obtained by substrate of the present invention The output increased of mushroom 14.7%, illustrates that substrate of the present invention has preferable using effect.

Claims (2)

1. the edible fungus culturing substrate that prepared by a kind of utilization Helianthi by-product, it is characterised in that by the raw material of following weight portion Make：Sunflower plate 65-70, sunflower seed shell 28-32, spirulina 14-16, phosphogypsum powder 3-4, wood vinegar 2-3, nickel sulfate 1-2, Paulownia sawdust 26-28, gamma-polyglutamic acid -1-3, wheat stalk 42-46, carbamide 2-4, peat soil 17-23, appropriate amount of water.

2. the edible fungus culturing substrate that prepared by the utilization Helianthi by-product according to claims 1, it is characterised in that system Preparation Method is comprised the following steps that：

（1）Sunflower plate, sunflower seed shell, spirulina mixing are placed in fermentation vat, ferment heap water content are added water to and is reached 48- 52%, retting is fermented 27-30 days, and gained fermentation grog is filtrated to get fermentation siccative and fermentation liquid is standby；

（2）Pulverize after peat soil is dried, pour in food steamer and gathered, the peat soil on side is brought to intermediate formation Taper rickle is gathered in rear steamer and is heated to 70-80 DEG C to increase steaming and decocting area, by vapour cooking 30-40 minutes, after the completion of Close gas and be cooled to 30-32 DEG C, now add gamma-polyglutamic acid-, phosphogypsum powder and stir to fully mixing, smoke stewing 12-15 point Clock, after the completion of take out, then mix with step 1 gained fermentation liquid, and sequentially add wood vinegar, nickel sulfate, after being heated to 64-66 DEG C Stirring chelating 40-50 minutes, filtrate and drying for standby are removed after filtration；

（3）Crush after wheat stalk is dried as powder and cross 1-2mm sieves, be put into after mixing with carbamide, step 2 gained filtrate In container, the water of mixture total weight 55-60% is added, by container closure after stirring repeatedly, control ambient temperature is in 35- 40 DEG C, take out after culture 60-72 hours, it is that 15-20% is standby to dry at 30-35 DEG C to moisture content；

（4）Using blender by step 1 gained fermentation siccative, step 2 resulting material, step 3 resulting material and paulownia sawdust All stir, cultivate 6-8 days at being placed in 28-30 DEG C, gained dried material is weighed in lyophilization after the completion of culture Pack, obtains final product substrate of the present invention.