CN106561318A - Vertical greening system capable of automatic irrigation, and construction method - Google Patents

Vertical greening system capable of automatic irrigation, and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106561318A
CN106561318A CN201610822660.7A CN201610822660A CN106561318A CN 106561318 A CN106561318 A CN 106561318A CN 201610822660 A CN201610822660 A CN 201610822660A CN 106561318 A CN106561318 A CN 106561318A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
vertical greening
support frame
seed
module
layer
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CN201610822660.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙涛
高晓颖
孙彦峰
杨俊杰
王仁刚
刘强
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201610822660.7A priority Critical patent/CN106561318A/en
Publication of CN106561318A publication Critical patent/CN106561318A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A01G9/025Containers and elements for greening walls
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/044Sheets, multiple sheets or mats
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/046Carrier compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A01G27/04Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots using wicks or the like

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a vertical greening system capable of automatic irrigation, and a construction method. The vertical greening system capable of the automatic irrigation comprises a vertical greening module and a water supply module, wherein the vertical greening module is composed of a capillary structure layer, a seed and plantation base material layer, and a supporting frame; the capillary structure is layer-shaped and is composed of kieselguhr, pulverized coal ash, vermiculite, coco coir, straws, wood bits, soil as well as a mixture of the materials; according to demands, the supporting frame can be designed into a cuboid shape, a cylindrical shape and other nice shapes which can satisfy installation demands; the outer layer is the seed and plantation base material layer, and the middle layer is the capillary structure layer; and the seed and plantation base material layer and the capillary structure layer can be prefabricated into modules with frames to be installed on the supporting frame, or the layers can be jetted and fixed on the supporting frame. The water supply module is disposed on the bottom of the vertical greening module; the water supply module is composed of a water storage container, a control system and a water supply pipe; and an automatic irrigation manner based on combination of drip irrigation and capillary irrigation is adopted to supply water for greening plants in the system automatically. The system can be used to implement horizontal greening and vertical greening, and can be applied to greening projects such as roofs, wall bodies, and high and steep rock slopes. The vertical greening system is nice, green and environment-friendly, has good sound-insulation and thermal-insulation effects, can be maintained easily and has the low cost. The invention also provides the construction method for the greening system.

Description

It is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system and construction method
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering field, more particularly to a kind of vertical greening system and its construction party of automatic irrigation Method.
Background technology
Continuous improvement with mankind's environmental consciousness and the requirements at the higher level to residence comfort, occur in that and are planted on body of wall The vertical greening technology of green plantss, at present the technology is mostly using the hanging flower-pot on body of wall or the work of plantation Climbing Plant Skill.Hanging flower-pot technique cost height, constructional difficulties, there is structure potential safety hazard and poor durability, Late Irrigation is difficult in maintenance, dimension Shield high cost.Plantation Climbing Plant technique, Plant choosing is limited, and afforestation effect is dull and big by seasonal effect.
The present invention provide it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system and its construction method, the system both can be green with level Change, the afforestation project of roof, body of wall, high precipitous rock slope etc. can be can be applicable to vertical greening again.
The content of the invention
The present invention provide it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, realize the vertical greening of body of wall etc. and while have The function of insulation, the outstanding feature of the automatic irrigation vertical greening system is easy to maintenance, with low cost.
The present invention provide it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, including vertical greening module and water supply module. The vertical greening module is made up of support frame, GSZ, waterproof material, seed and plantation substrate layer, capillary structure layer; The water supply module is fixed on vertical greening module bottom, by water pipe, tank and control valve group into.
Further, the support frame is other shapes that are cube shaped, cylindrical and being needed according to design, and material is The materials such as steel, aluminum, aluminium alloy, fiber and plastics.
Further, the support frame outside is equipped with multiple external stability points, and support frame is by expansion bolt or spiral shell Stricture of vagina connector is fixed on body of wall.Adjacent block is mutually spliced by the fixing point in support frame.
Further, the GSZ is fixed on inside support frame, is fixed using bolt or colligation, and by carriage Frame is divided into from the inside to surface three regions.
Further, the region being divided into by the GSZ in the support frame, is followed successively by from the inside to surface:Waterproof Layer, capillary structure layer, seed and plantation substrate layer.
Further, the capillary structure layer be by GSZ, geotextiles and other seepy materials parcel kieselguhr, The structure sheaf that flyash, Vermiculitum, coconut palm chaff, straw, wood flour, soil and their mixture are formed;Its shape can be stratiform, plate Shape, column and the other shapes needed according to design.Described capillary structure layer one end extends downwardly into the water storage of water supply module In container, the other end extends up to support frame top.
Further, the seed and plantation substrate layer are the earth material or fibre of the suitable for plant such as clay, silt, sand growth The mixing aggregate of the granules such as dimension granule, mineral grain.
Further, the waterproof layer is the waterproof coating with sealing water resistance such as XPS plate, waterproof roll or waterproof Material.
Further, the tank is fixed on metal framework bottom, the side such as fixed form is to hang, bolt fixation Formula.
Further, control valve is installed in the tank, for controlling the water level of trough inner water.
Further, the water pipe is the hot melt material water pipes such as PPR or PVC, described water pipe one end and tap water, irrigation water Connection, the other end is connected with the tank, persistently to supply water for the tank.
Meanwhile, the present invention provides a kind of automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is also possible to use as single vertical greening, Concrete technical scheme is:It is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, including vertical greening module and water supply module.It is described Vertical greening module is made up of support frame, GSZ, plantation soil layer, capillary structure layer;The water supply module is fixed on Vertical greening module bottom.
Further, the support frame is other shapes that are cube shaped, cylindrical and being needed according to design, and material is The materials such as steel, aluminum, aluminium alloy, fiber and plastics.
Further, the GSZ is fixed on the support frame using bolt or colligation, forms the outer of support frame Wall, with the support frame frame-type mesh structure is formed.
Further, placement in layers planting soil in the support frame of the fixed GSZ, and according to design in plantation Capillary structure layer is filled in soil, to absorb tank in water and be diffused in planting soil, directly utilize for plant.
Further, the capillary structure layer be by GSZ, geotextiles and other seepy materials parcel kieselguhr, The structure sheaf that flyash, Vermiculitum, coconut palm chaff, straw, wood flour, soil and their mixture are formed.Its shape can be tabular, post Shape and the other shapes needed according to design.Described capillary structure layer one end extends downwardly into the tank of water supply module In, the other end extends up to support frame top position on the lower side.
Further, the plantation soil layer be the growth of the suitable for plant such as clay, silt, sand earth material or fiber grain, The mixing aggregate of the granules such as mineral grain.
Further, the tank is fixed on support frame bottom, the side such as fixed form is to hang, bolt fixation Formula.
Meanwhile, the present invention provides a kind of automatic irrigation vertical greening system, if horizontal positioned, is also used as level green Change is used, such as roof greening engineering, and specific embodiment is similar with the vertical greening scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:There is provided it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system and its construction method, it is described Vertical greening module can be supplied water by capillary structure layer to green plants, be reached from the purpose irrigated.The system both can be with level Greening, can be applicable to the afforestation project of roof, body of wall, high precipitous rock slope etc. with vertical greening again.To wall greening Speech, the system also has sound insulation, insulation, heat-insulated function.The outstanding feature of the automatic irrigation vertical greening system is to safeguard It is convenient, with low cost.
Description of the drawings
To better illustrate technical scheme, below the accompanying drawing used in describing to technology is done into simple Jie Continue.
Fig. 1 be the present invention can automatic irrigation vertical greening module overall structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is a kind of automatic irrigation vertical greening module schematic cross-section of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of support frame structure schematic diagram of automatic irrigation vertical greening module of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of water supply modular structure schematic diagram of automatic irrigation vertical greening module of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of overall schematic of the automatic irrigation vertical greening system of the invention as independent vertical greening container.
Fig. 6 is that a kind of automatic irrigation vertical greening system of the invention is illustrated as the cross section of independent vertical greening container Figure.
Fig. 7 is that a kind of automatic irrigation vertical greening system of the invention is illustrated as the longitudinal section of independent vertical greening container Figure.
In Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 7,1 ~ vertical greening module, 11 ~ support frame, 12 ~ seed and plantation substrate layer, 13 ~ capillary structure Layer, 14 ~ water barrier, 15 ~ GSZ, 111 ~ fixing point, 2 ~ water supply module, 21 ~ water pipe, 22 ~ control valve, 23 ~ water storage holds Device.
Specific embodiment
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is The a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in the figure of Fig. 1 ~ 7, a kind of vertical greening module of automatic irrigation of the present embodiment, including:Greening module 1 and water are supplied Module 2, the water supply module 2 is answered to be fixed on the vertical greening module bottom, the vertical greening module 1 includes carriage Support frame is respectively water barrier 14, hair for 11 points by frame 11, GSZ 15, the GSZ 15 for three layers from inside to outside Fine texture layer 13, seed and plantation substrate layer 12;The water supply module 2 includes drain pipe 21, and tank 23 controls valve 22。
Embodiment 1
Specifically, a kind of vertical greening system of automatic irrigation of the present embodiment is used as supporting construction by support frame 11, will The colligation of GSZ 15 is bolted in support frame 11, so as to support frame 11 is divided into from the inside to surface into 3 regions, and Fill water proof material respectively from the inside to surface in this three regions successively and form water barrier 14, filling GSZ, geotextiles etc. The capillary material of parcel forms capillary structure layer 13, and spraying sowing soil forms seed and plantation substrate layer 12, wherein the capillary The one end of structure sheaf 13 is extended downwardly in the tank 23, and the other end extends to the top of the support frame 11, and realizing will Water is constantly sucked in the capillary structure layer 13 in the tank 23, and is diffused in the seed and plantation substrate layer 12 For plant absorption.In addition, vertical greening module 1 is fixed on body of wall by the fixing point 111 in support frame 11 in the present embodiment On, fixed form can be the various ways such as bolt, anchoring, and the vertical greening module is by the phase of the fixing point 111 Connect, realize the splicing of vertical greening module.
Further, the present embodiment automatic irrigation vertical greening module also includes water supply module 2, the water supply module 2 include tank 23, control valve 22, water pipe 21, and the one end of the water pipe 21 is connected with tap water or irrigation water, the other end and The tank 23 is connected, and the control valve 22 is fixed on inside the tank 23, and irrigation water passes through the water pipe 21st, control valve 22 to enter in the tank 23, when the water level of the tank 23 is higher, the control valve 22 is in pass Closed state prevents the water in the water pipe 21 from entering in the water container 23, and the water in the water container 23 passes through the hair Fine texture layer 13 in capillarity using being drawn onto in the vertical greening module 1, for plant absorption;When in the tank 23 Water level it is relatively low when, the control valve 22 is changed into open mode so that the water in the water pipe 21 enter the tank 23 In, said process is repeated the lasting water supply for realizing plant in the vertical greening module 1.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method of automatic irrigation vertical greening module, is hung down using above-mentioned automatic irrigation Straight greening module, the concrete steps of the construction method include:
Step 1, making support frame 11:Cuboid is welded into by aluminium alloy, rustless steel, organic glass tube, carbon fiber etc., Also dependent on needing to be designed as other shapes, and it is welded and fixed a little 111 in support frame 11;
Step 2, installation GSZ 15
:GSZ is fixed on the side wall of support frame 11 and bottom surface by self-locking nylon cable tie or bolt, and with geotechnique The inner space of support frame 11 is divided into three layers by grid;
Step 3, the heat-insulated, water barrier of installation:XPS plate, waterproof roll are arranged on into support frame internal layer;
Step 4, filling capillary structure layer 13:Flyash, kieselguhr, diatom composite soil etc. are filled in geotextiles, formation sets Shape needed for meter, such as stratiform, tabular, ring-type, by geotextiles wrap up the capillary structure layer 13 that capillary material formed be filled in In support frame 11;
Step 5, filling seed and plantation substrate layer 12:Seed and plantation substrate layer are injected in into carriage using the mode sowed grass seeds by duster The outer layer of frame 11, thickness can voluntarily determine that such as jet thickness is 5-30cm according to design requirement;
Step 6, installation water supply module 2:Control valve 22 is arranged in tank 23, under being disposed at support frame 11 Portion, the one end of water pipe 21 is connected with tank 23, and blend rubber circle is sealed;
Step 7, installation automatic irrigation vertical greening module:In wall outer side punching, part connection support frame is threaded connection Fixing point 111 on 11, vertical greening module is fixed on body of wall, and the water pipe 21 in water supply module 2 is connected into water supply Facility, such as running water pipe, irrigation pipe;
Step 8, splicing vertical greening module:Neighboring vertical greening module is stitched together using bolt;
Step 9, sow grass seeds by duster seed and seed substrate layer 12:Seed and seed substrate layer 12 are sowed grass seeds by duster in support frame 11 with spray seeder On.
Embodiment 2:As single vertical greening
Specifically, a kind of vertical greening system of automatic irrigation of the present embodiment is used as single vertical greening container, by Support frame frame 11 by the colligation of GSZ 15 or is bolted in support frame 11, as support frame as supporting construction 11 outer wall, and together with the netted structure of one frame-type of formation of support frame 11.The filling planting in the network structure body Substrate layer 12, and design attitude while filling in plantation substrate layer 12 installs capillary structure layer 13, the capillary knot The one end of structure layer 13 is extended downwardly in the tank 23, and the other end extends to the top of the support frame 11 position on the lower Put, realization constantly sucks water in the tank 23 in the capillary structure layer 13, and be diffused into the plantation soil layer 12 Middle confession plant absorption.
Further, the present embodiment automatic irrigation vertical greening module also includes water supply module 2, the water supply module 2 include tank 23, control valve 22, water pipe 21, and the one end of the water pipe 21 is connected with tap water or irrigation water, the other end and The tank 23 is connected, and the control valve 22 is fixed on inside the tank 23, and irrigation water passes through the water pipe 21st, control valve 22 to enter in the tank 23, when the water level of the tank 23 is higher, the control valve 22 is in pass Closed state prevents the water in the water pipe 21 from entering in the tank 23, and the water in the tank 23 passes through the hair Fine texture layer 13 in capillarity using being drawn onto in the vertical greening module 1, for plant absorption;When in the tank 23 Water level it is relatively low when, the control valve 22 is changed into open mode so that the water in the water pipe 21 enter the tank 23 In, said process is repeated the lasting water supply for realizing the vertical greening system as plant in single vertical greening.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction method of automatic irrigation vertical greening system separately as vertical greening, using upper Above-mentioned automatic irrigation vertical greening module is stated, the concrete steps of the construction method include:
Step 1, making support frame 11:Cuboid is welded into by aluminium alloy, rustless steel, lucite, carbon fiber etc., also may be used Other shapes are designed as needed;
Step 2, installation GSZ 15:GSZ is fixed on into the side of support frame 11 by self-locking nylon cable tie or bolt Wall;
Step 3, filling capillary structure layer 13:Flyash, kieselguhr, diatom composite soil etc. are loaded in geotextiles, formation sets Shape needed for meter, such as stratiform, tabular, ring-type, capillary structure layer 13 is filled in support frame 11;
Step 4, filling plantation substrate layer 12:Substrate layer placement in layers will be planted in support frame 11, thickness can be according to design Demand voluntarily determines;
Step 5, installation water supply module 2:Control valve 22 is arranged in tank 23, under being disposed at support frame 11 Portion, the one end of water pipe 21 is connected with tank 23, and blend rubber circle is sealed;
Step 6, seed of sowing grass seeds by duster:Seed is sowed grass seeds by duster on plantation substrate layer 12 with spray seeder.
Finally it should be noted that:Above example only to illustrate technical scheme, rather than a limitation;Although The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that:It still may be used To modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic; And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme spirit and Scope.

Claims (9)

1. it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, including vertical greening module and water supply module;The vertical greening Module is made up of capillary structure layer, seed and plantation substrate layer, support frame;The water supply module is arranged on vertical greening mould Block bottom, is made up of tank, control system and feed pipe.
2. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterised in that the capillary structure layer is Stratiform, tabular, ring-type.
3. capillary structure layer according to claim 1, it is characterized by GSZ, geotextiles and other seepy materials parcels Kieselguhr, the structure sheaf that formed of flyash, Vermiculitum, coconut palm chaff, straw, wood flour, soil and their mixture.
4. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterised in that the support frame can be with Be designed to as needed it is cube shaped, cylindrical and other meet the shape of structure and needs attractive in appearance, material be steel, aluminum, alloy, Fiber and plastic material.
5. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterised in that the vertical greening module Outer layer is seed and plantation substrate layer, and centre is capillary structure layer, and seed and plantation substrate layer and capillary structure layer can be with prefabricated Install on the support frame into frame module, it is also possible to which injection is fixed on the support frame.
6. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterised in that described water supply module Be made up of tank, control system and feed pipe, at the same adopt drip irrigation and capillary to irrigate the automatic irrigation mode that combines for Green plants automatic water-supply in system.
7. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterised in that described water supply module Tank be arranged on base of frame, automatic water supply device is installed in the tank, for controlling the appearance of trough inner water Amount.
8. it is according to claim 1 can automatic irrigation vertical greening system, it is characterized by the system both can be green with level Change, the afforestation project of roof, body of wall, high precipitous rock slope etc. can be can be applicable to vertical greening again.
9. it is a kind of can automatic irrigation vertical greening system construction method, it is characterised in that the construction method is concretely comprised the following steps:
Embodiment 1 is arranged on the vertical greening system on body of wall
Step 1, making support frame 11:Cuboid is welded into by aluminium alloy, rustless steel, organic glass tube, carbon fiber etc., Also dependent on needing to be designed as other shapes, and it is welded and fixed a little 111 in support frame 11;
Step 2, installation GSZ 15:GSZ is fixed on into the side of support frame 11 by self-locking nylon cable tie or bolt On wall and bottom surface, and the inner space of support frame 11 is divided into into three layers with GSZ;
Step 3, the heat-insulated, water barrier of installation:XPS plate, waterproof roll are arranged on into support frame internal layer;
Step 4, filling capillary structure layer 13:Flyash, kieselguhr, diatom composite soil etc. are filled in geotextiles, formation sets Shape needed for meter, such as stratiform, tabular, ring-type, by geotextiles wrap up the capillary structure layer 13 that capillary material formed be filled in In support frame 11;
Step 5, filling seed and plantation substrate layer 12:Seed and plantation substrate layer are injected in into carriage using the mode sowed grass seeds by duster The outer layer of frame 11, thickness can voluntarily determine that such as jet thickness is 5-30cm according to design requirement;
Step 6, installation water supply module 2:Control valve 22 is arranged in tank 23, under being disposed at support frame 11 Portion, the one end of water pipe 21 is connected with tank 23, and blend rubber circle is sealed;
Step 7, installation automatic irrigation vertical greening module:In wall outer side punching, part connection support frame is threaded connection Fixing point 111 on 11, vertical greening module is fixed on body of wall, and the water pipe 21 in water supply module 2 is connected into water supply Facility, such as running water pipe, irrigation pipe;
Step 8, splicing vertical greening module:Neighboring vertical greening module is stitched together using bolt;
Step 9, sow grass seeds by duster seed and seed substrate layer:Seed and seed substrate layer are sowed grass seeds by duster in support frame 11 with spray seeder;
Embodiment 2 is used separately as vertical greening
Step 1, making support frame 11:Cuboid is welded into by aluminium alloy, rustless steel, lucite, carbon fiber etc., also may be used Other shapes are designed as needed;
Step 2, installation GSZ 15:GSZ is fixed on into the side of support frame 11 by self-locking nylon cable tie or bolt Wall;
Step 3, filling capillary structure layer 13:Flyash, kieselguhr, diatom composite soil etc. are loaded into the geotextiles of design shape Interior, the shape of formation design, such as stratiform, tabular, ring-type are filled in capillary structure layer 13 in support frame 11;
Step 4, filling seed and plantation substrate layer 12:Substrate layer placement in layers will be planted in support frame 11, thickness can root Voluntarily determine according to design requirement;
Step 5, installation water supply module 2:Control valve 22 is arranged in tank 23, under being disposed at support frame 11 Portion, the one end of water pipe 21 is connected with tank 23, and blend rubber circle is sealed;
Step 6, seed of sowing grass seeds by duster:Seed is sowed grass seeds by duster on plantation substrate layer 12 with spray seeder.
CN201610822660.7A 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Vertical greening system capable of automatic irrigation, and construction method Pending CN106561318A (en)

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WO2022053383A3 (en) * 2020-09-10 2023-01-19 Huesker Synthetic Gmbh Greening textile
CN113950998A (en) * 2021-09-14 2022-01-21 中南大学 Capillary self-irrigation greening device and assembled sound-insulation green wall

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