CN106561206A - Ecological landscape construction method of stopping and controlling non-point source pollution of multi-metal tailings - Google Patents
Ecological landscape construction method of stopping and controlling non-point source pollution of multi-metal tailings Download PDFInfo
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- CN106561206A CN106561206A CN201610908871.2A CN201610908871A CN106561206A CN 106561206 A CN106561206 A CN 106561206A CN 201610908871 A CN201610908871 A CN 201610908871A CN 106561206 A CN106561206 A CN 106561206A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological landscape construction method of stopping and controlling non-point source pollution of multi-metal tailings. Firstly, a barrier layer is arranged on the periphery of a tailing to prevent heavy metals in the tailing from migrating outwardly. Then a heavy metal stabilizing agent is applied to the upper layer part of the tailing and mixed stably to form a heavy metal stabilization layer. The heavy metal stabilizing agent is obtained through modification of Orychophragmus violaceus by means of acetic acid / acetic anhydride solution. The heavy metal stabilization layer is covered with a soil layer mixed with a soil amendment. Plants with high resistance to heavy metals are planted in the soil layer. The heavy metal stabilizing agent uses cheap raw materials and is simple in preparation technology. Through thiol modification of the Orychophragmus violaceus, the Orychophragmus violaceus has good heavy metal adsorption performance and can adsorb and stabilize the heavy metals in the tailing. The effect is good and the price is low. Besides, the method can establish a stable, safe and self-sustaining vegetation community in the tailing and effectively control migration and diffusion of heavy metal pollutants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environmental management, and in particular to a kind of life of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source
The method of state Scene construction.
Background technology
Non-ferrous metal from exploitation is begun between Western Han Dynastry's year, existing more than 2000 years history so far, for a long time mining industry is always
It is a big pillar industry of China.Mining industry brings expanding economy, but the tailings storehouse discarded ground conduct produced after mining
One kind of Mining Wasteland, does not only take up a large amount of soils, while large-area vegetation and landscape wreck, causes a large amount of species
Disappear, bio-diversity falls sharply, ecosystem degradation, the local ecological environment of heavy damage.In addition, containing a large amount of in tailings
Heavy metal (lead, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, hydrargyrum etc.), easily pollutes Soil Surrounding, water body under the effect such as water erosion, drip washing, runoff, and in mine tailing
Tailings also easily eroded, and cause dust pollution, the sustainable development of local macroeconomic is constrained to a great extent, together
When also have impact on locality and downstream people's health.Therefore, ecological recovery is carried out to tailings storehouse, controls it to surrounding enviroment
Pollution become one of focus of current research.
At present, it is to control the pollution from tailings storehouse, typically takes the engineering measure of earthing, i.e., covers a large amount of clays.
In mountain area, Tu Yuan is natively fewer, fetches earth after digging up mine for many years more and more difficult in China's major part metal tailings storehouse.Due to mine tailing
There is the factor of many restrictions plant growing, the residual heavy metal of high concentration, shortage, the extreme difference of macronutrient (such as N, P)
Soil structure and top layer unstability etc. cause the overwhelming majority to be also a lack of natural vegetation growth.
Therefore, using human assistance measure, heavy metal stabilization medicament is added in mine tailing can will reduce the work of heavy metal
Property, soil conditioner is added afterwards and plants tolerant plant again, bionomic control system is built, in plant and the collective effect of modifying agent
Under substantially reduce heavy metal and migrate in the environment, Tailings Dam, control pollution can be stablized, improve landscape, pollution abatement to the mankind
Health threat.This method has small investment, do not destroy treatment of the earth, do not cause secondary pollution, it is economic and environment-friendly the advantages of,
Jing becomes a kind of reliable, comparatively safe, eco-friendly restorative procedure.
Through finding to prior art retrieval, Chinese patent《Vegetation restoration method for manganese mine wastelands》Using Luan Shu, Du
English, thousand cypresses etc. carry out Manganese Ore District derelict land revegetation, reach good manganese mine wasteland revegetation effect；In
State's patent《One kind is used for Preparation method and use of biological soil for mine vegetation restoration》Using biological breadcrust, epiphytic fungi
Rotten wood and turf prepare biological soil, by biological breadcrust granule, rotten wood bits and turf be blended into biological soil by dry ratio,
Can the severe edaphic condition in effectively solving mine, promote plant growing；Chinese patent《A kind of vegetation of discarded metal mine mining site
Recover tectosome and its method for recovering vegetation》Prevent sour water from polluting Diggings soil by effectively dredging current, and set up " oxygen consumption
Layer " effectively suppresses the oxidation of sulfide so as to reducing soil acidity and then repairing pollution ore deposit soil, realizes that repairing polluted soil is reduced
The effect of environmental protection is afforested in revegetation.But above-mentioned these patents are all mainly from engineering technology angle, by simple
Revegetation reach the purpose of repairing polluted soil, required construction material is complicated, and volume of earthwork is big, and heavy for various
The resistance control effect on driving birds is not good of metal pollution of area source.The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, and characteristic plant is assembled and heavy metal stabilization skill
Art, soil amelioration techniques combine, there is provided a kind of structure side of the natural, ecological landscape of resistance control various heavy pollution of area source
Method.In further retrieval, not yet find and the same or like document report of present subject matter.
It is an object of the invention to overcome deficiencies of the prior art, there is provided one kind resistance control various heavy face source
The construction method of the natural, ecological landscape of pollution.From multiple targets such as ecological benefits, economic benefit, ecological recoveries, in weight
Metal toxicity is high, physical arrangement is bad, barren, exposed tailings storehouse is discarded set up on the ground it is stable, safe, be capable of self―sustaining
Vegetational type, efficiently controls wind erosion, water erosion, resistance control diffusion mobility of the heavy metal contaminants to surrounding area from source.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of ecological landscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source
See the method for building.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of method that ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source builds, comprises the following steps：
S1：Barrier layer is set in the periphery in tailings storehouse, the heavy metal in tailings storehouse is prevented to external migration；
S2：Apply heavy metal stabilization agent to the top section in tailings storehouse, mixed stability forms one layer of heavy metal stabilization
Layer, the heavy metal stabilization agent is what eryuelan was obtained by acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution modification；
S3：One layer of soil horizon for being mixed with soil conditioner is covered on the heavy metal stabilization layer；
S4：The strong plant of Heavy Metal Tolerance is planted on the soil horizon.
In some specific embodiments, the heavy metal stabilization agent is prepared by following step：By February
Orchid is crushed, and takes volume ratio for 0.5-1.5:1 acetic acid and acetic anhydride mix, and are poured into water dilution, obtain acetic acid/acetic anhydride molten
Liquid, by the eryuelan after crushing immersion a period of time in the acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution is put into, and takes out eryuelan, is dried.
Such scheme preferred embodiment in, the totality of acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution
Fraction is 5-25%.
Such scheme preferred embodiment in, time of the immersion is 4-12 hours.
Such scheme preferred embodiment in, the temperature of the drying is 30-35 DEG C.
In some specific embodiments, the applying mass ratio of the heavy metal stabilization agent is heavy metal stabilization
Agent：Tailings=(3-5)：(90-100).
In some specific embodiments, the plant includes herbaceous plant, shrub and arbor.
Such scheme preferred embodiment in, the herbaceous plant be eryuelan, cyperus malaccensis, turnip, Herba Dianthi, thatch
One or more in the certain kind of berries, Herba panici repentics, cotton grass, the shrub be pink indigo, tunnel bed structure, floor file banyan, Rosa davurica,
One or several in Herba Viticis Cannabifoliae, Hibisci Mutabilis, the arbor is the one kind in Juniperus oxycedruss, newborn source banyan, Piao Shu, Cacumen Tamaricis, false indigo.
In some specific embodiments, the thickness of the heavy metal stabilization layer is 10-15cm.
In some specific embodiments, the soil horizon thickness is 15-20cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
Because tailings storehouse heavy metal species is more and content of beary metal is high, plant is difficult to survive, and tailings is hardly visible on storehouse
Plant, the invention provides a kind of method that ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source builds, first in tail
The periphery of sand storage arranges barrier layer, prevents the heavy metal in tailings storehouse from migrating to the periphery；Apply to the top section in tailings storehouse again
Heavy metal stabilization agent, mixed stability forms one layer of heavy metal stabilization layer, and the heavy metal stabilization agent passes through for eryuelan
Acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution modification is obtained；One layer of soil for being mixed with soil conditioner is covered on the heavy metal stabilization layer
Earth layer；The strong plant of Heavy Metal Tolerance is planted on the soil horizon.Heavy metal stabilization agent raw material of the present invention is cheap
And preparation process is simple, it is thiolated modified by carrying out to eryuelan so that it has preferable heavy metal adsorption performance, can
Adsorb and stablize the heavy metal in tailings, effect is preferable and cheap；Additionally, the present invention from ecological benefits, economic benefit,
The multiple targets such as ecological recovery set out, discarded on the ground in the tailings storehouse that heavy metal toxicity is high, physical arrangement is bad, barren, exposed
Vegetational type that is stable, safe, being capable of self―sustaining is set up, wind erosion, water erosion is efficiently controlled, resistance control is heavy metal-polluted from source
Dye diffusion mobility of the thing to surrounding area.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 controls the ecoscape section of structure of multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source for the resistance of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 assembles figure for the plant of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 controls the ecoscape section of structure of multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source for the resistance of embodiment 1,
A kind of method that ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source builds is present embodiments provided, first in tailings storehouse
2 periphery arranges barrier layer 1, prevents the heavy metal in tailings storehouse 2 to external migration；Apply a huge sum of money to the top section in tailings storehouse 2
Category stabilization agent, mixed stability forms one layer of heavy metal stabilization layer 3, and the thickness of the heavy metal stabilization layer 3 is 10cm,
The applying quality of the heavy metal stabilization agent accounts for the 3% of tailings quality, and the heavy metal stabilization agent is that eryuelan passes through second
Acid/solution of acetic anhydride is modified what is obtained, and specifically the step of preparation is：Eryuelan is crushed, volume ratio 1 is taken:1 acetic acid and second
Anhydride mixes, and is poured into water dilution, obtains acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution, acetic acid and acetic anhydride in the acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution
Total volume fraction is 25%, the eryuelan after crushing is put in the acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution and soaks 4h, takes out eryuelan,
30 DEG C of drying, that is, obtain heavy metal stabilization agent.Contain substantial amounts of organic carboxy in eryuelan plant, especially its straw and have
Machine sulfydryl, the content of its organic thiol is increased substantially after acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution is thiolated modified.Activity in soil
Heavy metal can form stable complex with organic carboxy (RCOOH) and organic thiol (RSH), so the heavy metal for obtaining
Stabilization agent can adsorb stabilizing heavy metal.
Then one layer of soil horizon 4 for being mixed with soil conditioner, soil improvement are covered on the heavy metal stabilization layer 3
Agent accounts for the 15% of soil quality, soil conditioner using garden plant waste (as branch, fallen leaves, lawn shear junk and other
Plant residue etc.) compost fermentation produce biological organic fertilizer, the thickness of the soil horizon 4 be 15cm；Finally on the soil horizon 4
The strong plant of plantation Heavy Metal Tolerance, applies after soil conditioner in soil, and ecoscape is built on soil horizon.It is selected
Plant not only there is relatively strong resistance to heavy metal toxicity (containing heavy metal accumulation), and with ecological benefits, commodity trees have
Certain economic benefit, improves the natural environment of mining area and surrounding area, ecological benefits and social benefit.Preferably, it is described
Herbaceous plant is one or more in eryuelan, cyperus malaccensis, turnip, Herba Dianthi, Rubus Parvifolius L., Herba panici repentics, cotton grass, and the shrub is
One or more in pink indigo, tunnel bed structure, floor file banyan, Rosa davurica, Herba Viticis Cannabifoliae, Hibisci Mutabilis, the arbor is Juniperus oxycedruss, breast
One kind in source banyan, Piao Shu, Cacumen Tamaricis, false indigo.In further preferred embodiment, entered by the way of as shown in Figure 2
Plant assembles row, and 0.5m is spaced between planter units as gutter.Concrete planting patternss, arbor：Cortex Sapii Radiciss, selected seedling height
50-100cm, there is certain hat width, and plantation distance between rows and hills is 2.0m × 1.5m；Shrub：Pink indigo seed is disseminated, dibbling Chinese rose is little
Seedling, height of seedling 20-40cm；Herbaceous plant：Sow grass seeds by duster alfalfa seed, dibbling purpura Trifolium repense seedling ,-the 30cm of height of seedling 10.
Demonstration is divided into into four regions, is taken respectively before Scene construction, Scene construction later six months, Scene construction latter year
Afterwards, it can be seen that plant growing is all right, more than 90% is reached to tailings storehouse coverage rate, tailings sample carries out four heavy metal species
Activated state content analysis, as a result such as table 1.Experimental result in table 1 can see, Cu after plant growing 1 year, half a year,
The DTPA of Zn, Pb, Cd extracts state content and significantly declines, and illustrates using resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse face source of the present invention
The method that the ecoscape of pollution builds carries out processing the various heavy extraction state that can effectively reduce tailings storehouse to tailings storehouse
Content, can well realize the Scene construction in tailings storehouse.
Tailings heavy metal DTPA extracts state content (mgkg after the revegetation of table 1-1DW)
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is：What the heavy metal stabilization agent was specifically prepared
Step is：Take volume ratio 0.5:1 acetic acid and acetic anhydride mix, and are poured into water dilution, obtain acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution, described
In acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution the total volume fraction of acetic acid and acetic anhydride be 5%, by the eryuelan after crushing be put into the acetic acid/
12h is soaked in solution of acetic anhydride, eryuelan, 35 DEG C of drying are taken out.The applying quality of the heavy metal stabilization agent accounts for tailings matter
The 5% of amount, the thickness of the heavy metal stabilization layer 3 is 15cm, and the soil horizon thickness is 15cm.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source builds, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
S1：Barrier layer is set in the periphery in tailings storehouse, the heavy metal in tailings storehouse is prevented to external migration；
S2：Apply heavy metal stabilization agent to the top section in tailings storehouse, mixed stability forms one layer of heavy metal stabilization layer,
The heavy metal stabilization agent is what eryuelan was obtained by acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution modification；
S3：One layer of soil horizon for being mixed with soil conditioner is covered on the heavy metal stabilization layer；
S4：The strong plant of Heavy Metal Tolerance is planted on the soil horizon.
2. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 1 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the heavy metal stabilization agent is prepared by following step：Eryuelan is crushed, volume ratio is taken for 0.5-1.5:
1 acetic acid and acetic anhydride mix, and are poured into water dilution, obtain acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution, the eryuelan after crushing are put into described
Immersion a period of time in acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution, eryuelan is taken out, be dried.
3. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 2 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the total volume fraction of acetic acid and acetic anhydride is 5-25% in the acetic acid/acetic anhydride solution.
4. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 2 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the time of the immersion is 4-12 hours.
5. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 2 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the temperature of the drying is 30-35 DEG C.
6. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 1 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the applying mass ratio of the heavy metal stabilization agent is attached most importance to metal stabilizing agent：Tailings=（3-5）：（90-100）.
7. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 1 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the plant includes herbaceous plant, shrub and arbor.
8. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 7 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the herbaceous plant is the one kind or several in eryuelan, cyperus malaccensis, turnip, Herba Dianthi, Rubus Parvifolius L., Herba panici repentics, cotton grass
Kind, the shrub be pink indigo, tunnel bed structure, floor file banyan, Rosa davurica, Herba Viticis Cannabifoliae, Hibisci Mutabilis in one or several, institute
Arbor is stated for the one kind in Juniperus oxycedruss, newborn source banyan, Piao Shu, Cacumen Tamaricis, false indigo.
9. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 1 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the thickness of the heavy metal stabilization layer is 10-15cm.
10. the method that the ecoscape of resistance control multi-metal tailings storehouse pollution of area source according to claim 1 builds, it is special
Levy and be, the soil horizon thickness is 15-20cm.
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| CN107148892A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | The road protection forest configuration structure and method of a kind of regulation and control Atmospheric particulates |
| CN107318447A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The tall shrub implantation methods of arid area shallow groundwater table heavy salinized ground drip irrigation |
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| CN109622602A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-16 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of method of phytoremediation copper polluted soil |
| CN110646321A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-03 | 南华大学 | Nuclide migration measurement experiment system and experiment method based on tailing pond ecological environment simulation |
| CN112544356A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting dianthus superbus on light and medium saline-alkali soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107318447A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | The tall shrub implantation methods of arid area shallow groundwater table heavy salinized ground drip irrigation |
| CN109349053A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-19 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of method for planting of beach saline land vitex agnus-castus |
| CN109622602A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-16 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | A kind of method of phytoremediation copper polluted soil |
| CN110646321A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-01-03 | 南华大学 | Nuclide migration measurement experiment system and experiment method based on tailing pond ecological environment simulation |
| CN112544356A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for planting dianthus superbus on light and medium saline-alkali soil |
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