CN106550640A - It is a kind of to improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality - Google Patents
It is a kind of to improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality Download PDFInfo
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- CN106550640A CN106550640A CN201611011853.0A CN201611011853A CN106550640A CN 106550640 A CN106550640 A CN 106550640A CN 201611011853 A CN201611011853 A CN 201611011853A CN 106550640 A CN106550640 A CN 106550640A
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- activated carbon
- fertilizer
- soil
- tea
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality, soil deep tillage is combined in annual autumn and winter, in Camellia sinensis, in the ranks root is ditched, activated carbon mixed fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled in ditch as base manure, blinding can enrich appropriate fertilizer, cake fertilizer or the muck for becoming thoroughly decomposed to prevent activated carbon mixed fertilizer from volatilizing before or while above-mentioned activated carbon compound fertilizer is applied immediately.Due to the sparse porous and alkalescence of activated carbon, metal ion, hydrion that strong adsorption adsorbs in soil etc. can be passed through, can the direct acid alleviation soil of sweetening of the soil acidification trend.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Folium Camelliae sinensis technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of improvement tea garden soil simultaneously improves the cultivation of tea leaf quality
Culture method.
Background technology
Camellia sinensis are the crops that In Fujian Province is extensively planted, and after plantation, the several years must not be changed, due to long-term large area kind
Single kind crop is planted, causes tea garden soil to be also easy to produce continuous cropping obstacle.Camellia sinensis are mycorrhizal plantses, the mycorhiza during growth of tea plant
The accumulation of metabolite promotes the acidifying of soil, in addition, during the organic chemical fertilizer residual that tea place is applied also promotes soil there being acidity
The accumulation of machine thing, above two effect long term can cause soil aciditiy too high in tea garden soil.The peracid impact root of soil
System and the normal growth of mycorhiza, and then affect Camellia sinensis alimentation and growth metabolism, soil compaction and cause soil aeration to become
Difference, soil nutrient utilization rate are reduced.Many factors collective effect causes tea leaf quality to be deteriorated or even the underproduction.For tea garden soil mistake
The situation of degree acidifying, organic contaminants in soil is carried out effectively to repair becomes particularly important.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, there is provided a kind of improvement tea garden soil simultaneously improves tea leaf quality
Cultural method.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
It is a kind of to improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality, soil deep tillage is combined in annual autumn and winter,
Camellia sinensis in the ranks root trench digging, activated carbon mixed fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled in ditch as base manure, and blinding is preventing activated carbon from mixing immediately
Fertilizer volatilization, can enrich appropriate fertilizer, cake fertilizer or the muck for becoming thoroughly decomposed before or while above-mentioned activated carbon compound fertilizer is applied；
Concrete trench digging mode is as follows：Trench digging size, the trench digging of 1～2 year raw young plant are determined according to the growth of tea plant age
Positional distance root 5～10cm of neck, ditch depth 15-20cm；The trench digging positional distance root 10～15cm of neck of 3～4 years raw young plants, ditch
Deep 20～25cm；Ditch below tree crown edge-perpendicular into age Camellia sinensis, 20～30cm of ditch depth；
Above-mentioned activated carbon mixed fertilizer used by every mu of tea place is made up of the component of following ratio：35～50kg of carbamide, crosses phosphorus
Sour 40～60kg of calcium, 10～18kg of potassium sulfate, 190～260kg of activated carbon.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in every mu of tea place, the tool of each component in the activated carbon mixed fertilizer
Body consumption is as follows：38～50kg of carbamide, 42～56kg of calcium superphosphate, 12～16kg of potassium sulfate, 200～250kg of activated carbon.
It is further preferred that the Camellia sinensis are 1～2 year raw young plant or 3～4 years raw young plants, in every mu of tea place,
In the activated carbon mixed fertilizer, the concrete consumption of each component is as follows：Carbamide 38kg, calcium superphosphate 42kg, potassium sulfate 12kg, activity
Charcoal 200kg.
It is further preferred that the Camellia sinensis are into age Camellia sinensis, and in every mu of tea place, each component in the activated carbon mixed fertilizer
Concrete consumption is as follows：Carbamide 50kg, calcium superphosphate 56kg, potassium sulfate 16kg, activated carbon 250kg.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, production season is topdressed, and this topdresses fertilizer used for N P and K
Fertilizer and activated carbon, N: P: K=2.8～3.2: 0.8～1.2: 0.8～1.2 in the azophoska, the consumption of the activated carbon is soil
The 0.25～0.35% of weight.
It is further preferred that production season is topdressed, this topdresses fertilizer used for azophoska and activated carbon, the nitrogen phosphorus
N: P: K=3: 1: 1 in potash fertilizer, the consumption of the activated carbon is the 0.3% of soil weight.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
The cultural method of the present invention, combines soil deep tillage in annual autumn and winter, and in Camellia sinensis, in the ranks root is ditched, by activity
Charcoal mixed fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled in ditch as base manure, and blinding is applying above-mentioned activated carbon to prevent activated carbon mixed fertilizer from volatilizing immediately
Appropriate fertilizer, cake fertilizer or the muck for becoming thoroughly decomposed can be enriched before or while compound fertilizer.Due to activated carbon sparse porous and
Alkalescence, can pass through metal ion, hydrion that strong adsorption adsorbs in soil etc., can direct sweetening of the soil acidity it is slow
The acidification trend of solution soil.Activated carbon is applied in tea place, it is possible to decrease the soil weight, improve soil porosity；Reduce soil moisture
Evaporation, improves retention capacity of soil, reduces soil leaching；Activated carbon mixes the decomposition that can also promote organic fertilizer with fertilizer
And directly absorption cannot absorbed organic metal ion so as to improving utilization rate of fertilizer.The consumption of N, P, K various elements according to
Optimal proportion needed for tea place, prevents manure digestion or interreaction from increasing soil acid from the nonacid raw material such as ammonium fertilizer
Change, it is to avoid the plain excessive or very few burdens caused by Camellia sinensis and soil of N, also make various fertilizer promote mutually to absorb.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further detailed below by way of specific embodiment and is described.
Embodiment 1
The raw young plant in 2 years of somewhere, is opening apart from soil at root neck 5-10cm when digging with reference to tea place deep ploughing in winter
Ditch, ditch depth 15-20cm, furrow width 20-30cm.
The about 38kg of the carbamide containing N >=46% is weighed, containing P2O5The calcium superphosphate of 14%-20% about 42kg, containing K2O50%'s
Potassium sulfate about 12kg, activated carbon 200kg, stir, and make activated carbon mixed fertilizer.This consumption is the consumption in one mu of tea place.
The activated carbon mixed fertilizer that preparation is completed uniformly is sprinkled in the ditch in one mu of tea place, direct earthing.
According to the nutritional need of the reality in tea place, enough fertilizers, cake fertilizer or corruption are spread before activated carbon mixed fertilizer is applied
Ripe muck.
Additionally, three topdress i.e. spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer of greater area of tea place and production season, the work applied
Property charcoal mixed fertilizer also regulates and controls to the ratio of azophoska according to above formulation principle, i.e., and N: P: K=3: 1: 1, and per mu
Apply activated carbon 40kg.
Embodiment 2
More than 4 years of somewhere were ditched into age Camellia sinensis in the soil below tree crown edge-perpendicular in winter, ditch depth 25cm,
Width about 30-35cm.
The about 50kg of the carbamide containing N >=46% is weighed, containing P2O5The calcium superphosphate of 14%-20% about 56kg, containing K2O50%'s
Potassium sulfate about 16kg, activated carbon 250kg, stir, and make activated carbon mixed fertilizer.This consumption is the consumption in one mu of tea place.
The activated carbon mixed fertilizer that preparation is completed uniformly is sprinkled in the ditch in one mu of tea place, direct earthing.
According to the nutritional need of the reality in tea place, enough fertilizers, cake fertilizer or corruption are spread before activated carbon mixed fertilizer is applied
Ripe muck.
Additionally, three topdress i.e. spring fertilizer, summer fertilizer, autumn fertilizer of greater area of tea place and production season, the work applied
Property charcoal mixed fertilizer also regulates and controls to the ratio of azophoska and activated carbon according to above formulation principle, i.e., and N: P: K=3: 1: 1.
Embodiment 3
Folium Camelliae sinensis are harvested after fertilizer treatment 1 year carries out above-described embodiment and the yield and quality component analyses for accordingly compareing,
It is specific as follows：
Table 1 is impact of the Different Fertilization ratio to Tea ingredient, wherein T1, T2, T3 under the fixed carbon content active of addition
The fertilizer treatment of respectively 3 difference N, P, K ratio formula, CK apply Hong Ma boards compound fertilizer 75kg for per mu as a control group；T1
Formula is carbamide 41kg, calcium superphosphate 46kg, the ratio of potassium sulfate 17kg, i.e. N, P, K are about 4: 1: 1, while highest N applied is
Every mu of 19kg；T2 formula is carbamide 50kg, calcium superphosphate 56kg, the ratio of potassium sulfate 16kg, i.e. N, P, K are about 3: 1: 1, while
Highest N applied is every mu of 24kg；T3 formula be carbamide 65kg, calcium superphosphate 83kg, potassium sulfate 28kg, i.e. N, P, K ratio about
For 6: 2: 3, while highest N applied is every mu of 30kg.As can be seen from Table 1, in the Folium Camelliae sinensis that T2 is processed, active constituent content is general
All over processing higher than other groups, wherein main constituents as tea aroma such as tea polyphenols, aminoacid, caffeine, flavone,
It is the effective ingredient of Folium Camelliae sinensis nutrition, its content is all higher than other 3 groups of process, therefore, when being combined fertilizer formula N: P: K=3: 1: 1, i.e.,
Highest N applied is every mu of 24kg, and tea leaf quality composition is optimum.
Impact of the 1 activated carbon mixed fertilizer of table to tea leaf quality composition
By finding out in table 2, in embodiment 2, after addition Different Weight activated carbon process on efficient compound fertilizer plinth,
The activated carbon of 0.3% concentration processes lower leaf fresh weight relatively control CK and increased 5.94%, and leaf dry weight increased 4.16%, and overground part is total
Fresh weight is relatively compareed and increased 13.31%, and overground part gross dry weight increased 8.82%, it is seen then that adding activated carbon in soil can be with
Harmful organic residue in absorption soil, can also be effectively improved soil regime, and promote the decomposition of fertilizer, contribute to Camellia sinensis
Absorption to Fertilizer nutrient.Tea yield can be effectively increased and changed when showing that the addition of activated carbon is the 0.3% of soil weight
Kind tea leaf quality.
Impact (unit of 2 activated carbon of table to Camellia sinensis Biomass：g)
Those of ordinary skill in the art understand, when technical scheme changes in the following ranges, remain able to
To technique effect same as the previously described embodiments or close, protection scope of the present invention is still fallen within：
It is a kind of to improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality, it is characterised in that：Combine in annual autumn and winter
Soil deep tillage, in Camellia sinensis in the ranks root trench digging, activated carbon mixed fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled in ditch as base manure, and blinding is preventing immediately
Activated carbon mixed fertilizer is volatilized, and before or while above-mentioned activated carbon compound fertilizer is applied can enrich appropriate fertilizer, cake fertilizer or corruption
Ripe muck；
Concrete trench digging mode is as follows：Trench digging size, the trench digging of 1～2 year raw young plant are determined according to the growth of tea plant age
Positional distance root 5～10cm of neck, ditch depth 15-20cm；The trench digging positional distance root 10～15cm of neck of 3～4 years raw young plants, ditch
Deep 20～25cm；Ditch below tree crown edge-perpendicular into age Camellia sinensis, 20～30cm of ditch depth；
Above-mentioned activated carbon mixed fertilizer used by every mu of tea place is made up of the component of following ratio：35～50kg of carbamide, crosses phosphorus
Sour 40～60kg of calcium, 10～18kg of potassium sulfate, 190～260kg of activated carbon.Preferably, in every mu of tea place, the activated carbon mixing
In fertilizer, the concrete consumption of each component is as follows：38～50kg of carbamide, 42～56kg of calcium superphosphate, 12～16kg of potassium sulfate, activated carbon
200～250kg.
Production season is topdressed, and the fertilizer used that topdresses is azophoska and activated carbon, N: P: K=in the azophoska
2.8～3.2: 0.8～1.2: 0.8～1.2, the consumption of the activated carbon is the 0.25～0.35% of soil weight.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, therefore the scope of present invention enforcement can not be limited according to this, i.e.,
The equivalence changes made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description and modification, all still should belong in the range of the present invention covers.
Claims (6)
- It is 1. a kind of to improve tea garden soil and improve the cultural method of tea leaf quality, it is characterised in that：Soil is combined in annual autumn and winter Earth is ploughed deeply, and in Camellia sinensis in the ranks root trench digging, activated carbon mixed fertilizer is uniformly sprinkled in ditch as base manure, and blinding is preventing from living immediately Property the volatilization of charcoal mixed fertilizer, appropriate fertilizer, cake fertilizer can be enriched before or while above-mentioned activated carbon compound fertilizer is applied or become thoroughly decomposed Muck；Concrete trench digging mode is as follows：Trench digging size, the trench digging position of 1～2 year raw young plant are determined according to the growth of tea plant age Apart from root 5～10cm of neck, ditch depth 15-20cm；The trench digging positional distance root 10～15cm of neck of 3～4 years raw young plants, ditch depth 20 ～25cm；Ditch below tree crown edge-perpendicular into age Camellia sinensis, 20～30cm of ditch depth；Above-mentioned activated carbon mixed fertilizer used by every mu of tea place is made up of the component of following ratio：35～50kg of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 40～60kg, 10～18kg of potassium sulfate, 190～260kg of activated carbon.
- 2. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In every mu of tea place, each group in the activated carbon mixed fertilizer The concrete consumption for dividing is as follows：38～50kg of carbamide, 42～56kg of calcium superphosphate, 12～16kg of potassium sulfate, activated carbon 200～ 250kg。
- 3. cultural method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The Camellia sinensis are 1～2 year raw young plant or 3～4 years Raw young plant, in every mu of tea place, in the activated carbon mixed fertilizer, the concrete consumption of each component is as follows：Carbamide 38kg, peroxophosphoric acid Calcium 42kg, potassium sulfate 12kg, activated carbon 200kg.
- 4. cultural method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The Camellia sinensis are into age Camellia sinensis, in every mu of tea place, described In activated carbon mixed fertilizer, the concrete consumption of each component is as follows：Carbamide 50kg, calcium superphosphate 56kg, potassium sulfate 16kg, activated carbon 250kg。
- 5. cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Production season is topdressed, and the fertilizer used that topdresses is Azophoska and activated carbon, N: P: K=2.8～3.2: 0.8～1.2: 0.8～1.2 in the azophoska, the consumption of the activated carbon For the 0.25～0.35% of soil weight.
- 6. cultural method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Production season is topdressed, and the fertilizer used that topdresses is Azophoska and activated carbon, N: P: K=3: 1: 1 in the azophoska, the consumption of the activated carbon is the 0.3% of soil weight.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN107318294A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-11-07 | 刘振 | A kind of Ecological Tea Gardens soil improvement method |
| CN108738455A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea garden soil tilth modification method |
| CN109792917A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-24 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of implantation methods for high-quality tealeaves of getting bumper crops |
| CN110140470A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-20 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of fertilizing method in strongly acidic soil tea place |
| CN112514589A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 九江学院 | Method for improving tea garden soil quality by using biomass charcoal |
| CN112514588A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 九江学院 | Method for improving soil fertility of tea garden by using biomass charcoal |
| CN112840935A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 九江学院 | Method for improving tea garden soil health by using biomass charcoal |
| CN114885656A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-12 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Fertilizing method for effectively reducing non-point source pollution of tea garden |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107318294A (en) * | 2017-07-29 | 2017-11-07 | 刘振 | A kind of Ecological Tea Gardens soil improvement method |
| CN108738455A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea garden soil tilth modification method |
| CN109792917A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-24 | 云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所 | A kind of implantation methods for high-quality tealeaves of getting bumper crops |
| CN110140470A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-08-20 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of fertilizing method in strongly acidic soil tea place |
| CN112514589A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 九江学院 | Method for improving tea garden soil quality by using biomass charcoal |
| CN112514588A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-19 | 九江学院 | Method for improving soil fertility of tea garden by using biomass charcoal |
| CN112840935A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 九江学院 | Method for improving tea garden soil health by using biomass charcoal |
| CN114885656A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-12 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所(江西省经济作物研究所) | Fertilizing method for effectively reducing non-point source pollution of tea garden |
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