CN106539793A - 烟碱制剂及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents
烟碱制剂及其制备和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106539793A CN106539793A CN201510717550.XA CN201510717550A CN106539793A CN 106539793 A CN106539793 A CN 106539793A CN 201510717550 A CN201510717550 A CN 201510717550A CN 106539793 A CN106539793 A CN 106539793A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nicotine
- preparation
- granule
- microns
- size
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/465—Nicotine; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
- A24F42/00—Simulated smoking devices other than electrically operated; Component parts thereof; Manufacture or testing thereof
- A24F42/20—Devices without heating means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/534—Mentha (mint)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
- A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
- A61K9/0075—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/145—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/148—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with compounds of unknown constitution, e.g. material from plants or animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/14—Antitussive agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
- A61P25/34—Tobacco-abuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Addiction (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (40)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/856,129 | 2015-09-16 | ||
US14/856,129 US11224594B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2015-09-16 | Nicotine formulations and methods of making and using the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN106539793A true CN106539793A (zh) | 2017-03-29 |
CN106539793B CN106539793B (zh) | 2020-06-30 |
Family
ID=58257033
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510717550.XA Active CN106539793B (zh) | 2015-09-16 | 2015-10-29 | 烟碱制剂及其制备和使用方法 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11224594B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3349755A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2018527386A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20180055819A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN106539793B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2998950A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL258139A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2018003271A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2722446C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2017048972A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110709063A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-01-17 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 具有与吸入器一起使用的颗粒的容器 |
CN113208148A (zh) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种协同释放尼古丁和致香成分的超分子凝胶 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9585835B1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-07 | Sansa Corporation (Barbados) Inc. | Inhalable nicotine formulations and methods of making and using the same |
US10149844B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-12-11 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Inhalable nicotine formulations, and methods of making and using thereof |
EP3478264A1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2019-05-08 | Philip Morris Products S.a.s. | Nicotine particles and compositions |
WO2024090892A1 (ko) * | 2022-10-27 | 2024-05-02 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | 흡입용 니코틴 건조 분말의 제조 방법 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1298294A (zh) * | 1998-03-11 | 2001-06-06 | 阿特·斯卢茨基 | 尼古丁吸入剂 |
US20090068276A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2009-03-12 | Vectura Group Plc | Pharmaceutical compositions |
CN105828819A (zh) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 桑萨(巴巴多斯)公司 | 烟碱制剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5441060A (en) | 1993-02-08 | 1995-08-15 | Duke University | Dry powder delivery system |
US6102036A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 2000-08-15 | Smoke-Stop | Breath activated inhaler |
CA2146954C (en) | 1995-04-12 | 2008-06-17 | Arthur Slutsky | Breath activated nicotine inhalers |
CA2265198C (en) | 1998-03-11 | 2009-01-27 | Zamel, Noe | Method of producing a nicotine medicament and a medicament made by the method |
US20120042886A1 (en) | 1998-03-11 | 2012-02-23 | Hanna Piskorz | Method of producing a nicotine medicament and a medicament made by the method |
US6234169B1 (en) | 1998-08-14 | 2001-05-22 | Arthur Slutsky | Inhaler |
DK2280020T3 (en) | 1999-06-29 | 2016-05-02 | Mannkind Corp | Pharmaceutical formulations comprising a peptide complexed with a diketopiperazine |
US8256433B2 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2012-09-04 | Aradigm Corporation | Systems and methods for effecting cessation of tobacco use |
US6799576B2 (en) | 1999-07-16 | 2004-10-05 | Aradigm Corporation | System for effecting smoking cessation |
US20080138399A1 (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2008-06-12 | Aradigm Corporation | Dual release nicotine formulations, and systems and methods for their use |
PL356641A1 (en) | 1999-12-30 | 2004-06-28 | Chiron Corporation | Methods for pulmonary delivery of interleukin-2 |
PE20011227A1 (es) * | 2000-04-17 | 2002-01-07 | Chiesi Farma Spa | Formulaciones farmaceuticas para inhaladores de polvo seco en la forma de aglomerados duros |
US7871598B1 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2011-01-18 | Novartis Ag | Stable metal ion-lipid powdered pharmaceutical compositions for drug delivery and methods of use |
JP2004515467A (ja) | 2000-08-07 | 2004-05-27 | ネクター セラピューティックス | 吸入可能な、噴霧乾燥した、最少の凝集物を有する4−ヘリックスバンドルタンパク質粉末 |
KR20050096922A (ko) | 2002-12-20 | 2005-10-06 | 니코노범 에이비 | 물리적 및 화학적으로 안정된 니코틴 함유 입자물질 |
US20120321717A1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2012-12-20 | Vectura Ltd. | Devices and pharmaceutical compositions for enhancing dosing efficiency |
CA2522231A1 (en) | 2003-04-14 | 2004-10-21 | Vectura Ltd | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising apomorphine for pulmonary inhalation |
CA2522158C (en) | 2003-04-14 | 2018-03-20 | Vectura Ltd. | Devices and pharmaceutical compositions for enhancing dosing efficiency |
EP1635786A2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2006-03-22 | Nektar Therapeutics | Spray drying of an alcoholic aqueous solution for the manufacture of a water-insoluble active agent microparticle with a partial or complete amino acid and/or phospholipid coat |
GB0321607D0 (en) | 2003-09-15 | 2003-10-15 | Vectura Ltd | Manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions |
GB0410398D0 (en) | 2004-05-10 | 2004-06-16 | Arakis Ltd | The treatment of respiratory disease |
EP2007358A4 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2012-01-25 | Stc Unm | INFLATING PARTICLES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF A MEDICINAL PRODUCT |
WO2008069970A2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-12 | Aradigm Corporation | Nicotine formulations, kits and systems and methods for their use |
GB0801876D0 (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2008-03-12 | Vectura Group Plc | Suspension formulations |
KR20100069333A (ko) | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-24 | 홍성엽 | 흡입식 경구 투여 금연 보조제 |
US20110268809A1 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Paul Andrew Brinkley | Nicotine-Containing Pharmaceutical Compositions |
GB201113662D0 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2011-09-21 | Prosonix Ltd | Pharmaceutical compositions |
US9907748B2 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | Niconovum Usa, Inc. | Excipients for nicotine-containing therapeutic compositions |
US9763928B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2017-09-19 | Niconovum Usa, Inc. | Multi-layer nicotine-containing pharmaceutical composition |
EP4008355A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2022-06-08 | Kala Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical nanoparticles showing improved mucosal transport |
GB201215273D0 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2012-10-10 | Kind Consumer Ltd | Nicotine composition |
CN104955508A (zh) | 2012-11-28 | 2015-09-30 | 艾尼科提恩科技公司 | 用于化合物递送的方法和设备 |
US20140166027A1 (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | Richard C. Fuisz | Enhanced Delivery of Nicotine, THC, Tobacco, Cannabidiol or Base Alkaloid from an Electronic Cigarette or Other Vapor Producing Device Through Use of an Absorption Conditioning Unit |
US10357054B2 (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2019-07-23 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smokeless tobacco pastille |
JP2017505789A (ja) * | 2014-02-11 | 2017-02-23 | ラム・セラピューティクス,インコーポレーテッド | リンパ脈管筋腫症の治療のためのラパマイシン |
SG11201608985QA (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2016-11-29 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Flavoured nicotine powder inhaler |
HUE045841T2 (hu) | 2014-04-28 | 2020-01-28 | Philip Morris Products Sa | Nikotinpor-inhalátor |
CN113754634A (zh) * | 2014-05-27 | 2021-12-07 | R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司 | 烟碱盐、共晶体和盐共晶体络合物 |
US9968125B2 (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2018-05-15 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Nicotine—diketopiperazine microparticle formulations and methods of making the same |
US9585835B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-07 | Sansa Corporation (Barbados) Inc. | Inhalable nicotine formulations and methods of making and using the same |
-
2015
- 2015-09-16 US US14/856,129 patent/US11224594B2/en active Active
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510717550.XA patent/CN106539793B/zh active Active
-
2016
- 2016-09-15 RU RU2018113272A patent/RU2722446C2/ru active
- 2016-09-15 MX MX2018003271A patent/MX2018003271A/es unknown
- 2016-09-15 JP JP2018514457A patent/JP2018527386A/ja active Pending
- 2016-09-15 CA CA2998950A patent/CA2998950A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-09-15 WO PCT/US2016/051961 patent/WO2017048972A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-09-15 EP EP16847313.0A patent/EP3349755A4/en active Pending
- 2016-09-15 KR KR1020187007524A patent/KR20180055819A/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2018
- 2018-03-15 IL IL258139A patent/IL258139A/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1298294A (zh) * | 1998-03-11 | 2001-06-06 | 阿特·斯卢茨基 | 尼古丁吸入剂 |
US20090068276A1 (en) * | 2007-05-22 | 2009-03-12 | Vectura Group Plc | Pharmaceutical compositions |
CN105828819A (zh) * | 2014-04-08 | 2016-08-03 | 桑萨(巴巴多斯)公司 | 烟碱制剂及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
俞银姣: "吸烟的危害与尼古丁替代疗法", 《药物不良反应杂志》 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110709063A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-01-17 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 具有与吸入器一起使用的颗粒的容器 |
CN113208148A (zh) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种协同释放尼古丁和致香成分的超分子凝胶 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2722446C2 (ru) | 2020-06-01 |
US11224594B2 (en) | 2022-01-18 |
RU2018113272A (ru) | 2019-10-16 |
JP2018527386A (ja) | 2018-09-20 |
IL258139A (en) | 2018-05-31 |
EP3349755A4 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
WO2017048972A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
CN106539793B (zh) | 2020-06-30 |
MX2018003271A (es) | 2018-05-16 |
KR20180055819A (ko) | 2018-05-25 |
EP3349755A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
CA2998950A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
US20170071929A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
RU2018113272A3 (zh) | 2019-10-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106539793A (zh) | 烟碱制剂及其制备和使用方法 | |
JP6672258B2 (ja) | ニコチン製剤及びその作製方法 | |
US11707432B2 (en) | System and method for controlling the harshness of nicotine-based dry powder formulations | |
JP2022097639A (ja) | 吸入可能なニコチン製剤、ならびにその作製方法および使用方法 | |
Pilcer et al. | New co-spray-dried tobramycin nanoparticles-clarithromycin inhaled powder systems for lung infection therapy in cystic fibrosis patients | |
US10660883B2 (en) | Inhalable nicotine formulations, and methods of making and using thereof | |
CN110300588A (zh) | 可吸入尼古丁调配物及其制造和使用方法 | |
JP2024086897A (ja) | 吸入可能なニコチン製剤、ならびにその作製方法および使用方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Babado Sihol Sin Applicant after: Sand Co. Address before: Babado Sihol Sin Applicant before: Philip Morris Products S.A. |
|
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20180717 Address after: Neuchatel, Switzerland Applicant after: PHILIP MORRIS PRODUCTS S.A. Address before: Ontario Applicant before: Niko puff Effective date of registration: 20180717 Address after: Ontario Applicant after: Niko puff Address before: Babado Sihol Sin Applicant before: Sand Co. |
|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |